1、南京市2015高考英语二轮基础选练（5）及答案短文语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。A new study from Finland shows pet owners tend to be heavier. 1 active and in poorer health than people without a pet, which was released in PLOS ONE, an online journal 2 (publish) by the Publ
2、ic Library of Science. 3 a number of studies showed certain people can take advantage of a dog or cat to ease stress or loneliness in the elderly, researchers recently found pet owners were generally more likely to be overweight and to view their own health 4 poor.The conclusion 5 (draw) from survey
3、 data of more than 21,000 young to middle aged Finnish adults.20070402This was 6 (large) because pet owners tended to be the middle aged. 7 had less education and more health risk factors explained Dr. Leena K. Koivusilta, the study is leading author.The fact that pet owners were in poorer health do
4、es not mean pets are bad for people. Koivusilta said. “In my opinion, pets provide us all 8 a vast potential for health promotion, and this has indeed been shown when some special groups have been studied.”As for pet owners, the researchers point out 9 need to make more of 10 effort such as walking
5、and playing with the dog instead of showing him the way to the yard.【参考答案】（14）1less 2published 3although 4as 5was drawn6largely 7who 8with 9they 10an完形填空完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。One afternoon in January in 1998, Susan Sharp, 43, and her 8-year-old son David, were walking across an
6、 icy square, when Susans cane(手杖) slipped on the ice. Her face 1 first into the mud. David 2 her mothers side, “Are you all right, Mom” 3 , Susan pulled herself up, “Im okay, Honey,” she said.Susan was falling more 4 since she had trouble walking. Every inch of ice was a 5 danger for her. “I wish I
7、could do something,” the boy thought. David, too, was having 6 of his own. The boy had a speech problem, so at school he talked 7 .One day, Davids teacher announced a 8 homework. Each of you is going to come up with an 9 , she said. This was for INVENT AMERICA, a national competition to encourage cr
8、eativity in children.An idea 10 David one evening. If only his mothers cane didnt slip on the ice. “What if I 11 your cane to a nail coming out of the bottom” he asked his mother.“ 12 the sharp end would scratch(划破) floors,” Susan said.“No, Mom, I 13 make it like a ball-point pen. You take your hand
9、 off the button and the 14 returns back up.” Hours later the cane was finished. David and his father 15 as Susan used it to walk 50 feet about the 16 . Happily Susan cried out, “It 17 !”In July 1999, David was 18 national winner for the INVENT AMERICA. David began to make public appearance. Thus he
10、was forced to communicate 19 .Today, David is nearly free of his speech problem, and his 20 is becoming well accepted.1. A. fellB. touchedC. layD. dropped2. A. stood byB. rushed toC. looked atD. ran around3. A. FirmlyB. EasilyC. QuicklyD. Shakily4. A. slowlyB. frequentlyC. freelyD. heavily5. A. hidi
11、ngB. certainlyC. possibleD. waiting6. A. methodB. diseaseC. troubleD. hope7. A. fewB. littleC. muchD. more8. A. usefulB. strangeC. commonD. special9. A. appearanceB. inventionC. experienceD. experiment10. A. remindedB. encouragedC. occurredD. hit11. A. fastenedB. stuckC. fixedD. tied12. A. SoB. AndC
12、. ForD. But13. A. mightB. wouldC. didD. need14. A. penB. handC. caneD. nail15. A. watchedB. supportedC. noticedD. helped16. A. streetB. iceC. yardD. square17. A. worksB. operatesC. succeedsD. helps18. A. declaredB. receivedC. wonD. praised19. A. more slowlyB. more carefullyC. more clearlyD. faster20
13、. A. caneB. motherC. speechD. story【参考答案】ABDBC CBDBD CDBDA BAACC阅读理解【1】Boiler rooms are often dirty and steamy, but this one is clean and cool. Fox Point is a very new47-unit living building in South Bronx, one of the citys poorest areas. Two-thirds of the people living there are formerly (以前) homel
14、ess people, whose rent is paid by the government. The rest are low-income families. The boiler room has special equipment, which produces energy for electricity and heat. It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air, reducing carbon emissions(碳排放)while also cutting costs. Fox Point is oper
15、ated by Palladian, a group that specializes in providing housing and services to needy, people. Palladian received support from Enterprise Community Partners (ECP), which helps build affordable housing by providing support to housing developers. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o mECP has created national standards
16、for healthy, environmentally (环境方面) clever and affordable homes which are called, the Green Communities Standards. These standards include water keeping, energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials. Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which
17、is rapidly paid back by lower running costs. Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy.Michael. Bloomberg, New Yorks mayor, plans to create 165,000 affordable housing units for500,000 New Yorkers. Almost 80% of New York Citys greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildi
18、ngs, and 40% of those are caused, by housing. So he recently announced that the citys Department of Housing and Preservation and Development (DHPD) , whose duty is to develop and keep the citys supply of affordable housing, will require all its new projects to follow ECPs green standards. w_w*w.k_s*
19、5_u.c_o mSimilar measures have been taken by other cities such as Cleveland and Denver, but New Yorks DHPD is the largest city developer of affordable housing in the country.( ) 1. What is the purpose of describing the boiler room in the first paragraph? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*mA. To explain the measures
20、 the city takes to care for poor people. B. To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas.C. To show how the environment-friendly building works.D. To compare old and new boiler rooms.( ) 2. What is an advantage of the buildings meeting the Green Communities Standards? A. Lower running
21、 costs. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m B. Costing less in construction. C. Less air to be lost in hot days. D. Better prices for homeless people.( ) 3. It can be learned from the text that, A. New York City is seriously polluted w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o mB. peoples daily life causes many carbon emissions in New York
22、CityC. a great number of people in New York City dont have houses to live inD. some other cities have developed more affordable housing than New York City( ) 4. What is the main purpose of this text? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*mA. To call on people to pay more attention to housing problems.B. To prove that s
23、ome standards are needed for affordable housing.C. To ask society to help homeless people and low-income families.D. To introduce healthy, environmentally clever-and affordable housing.语篇解读：本篇文章为科技说明文。作者以Fox Point居住群的boiler rooms为切入点，阐述此类房子的环保节能的优点，以及各城市特别是纽约队建造此类建筑的积极响应。1. 答案：C考点：作者的写作意图解析：从第一段最后两句
24、，作者描述开水房仅是从一个侧面展示整个建筑群的节能，环保，可以得出答案。2. 答案：A考点：细节理解解析：依据文章第三段倒数第二句：Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs.可得到答案。句意为“达到这一标准会将建筑成本提高2%，但很快会被它的低成本运行成本补回”3. 答案：B考点：细节理解解析：依据文章第四段第二句：Almost 80% of New York Citys greenhouse-gas em
25、issions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused, by housing.可得出答案4. 答案：D考点：作者的写作目的解析：本文主要让读者了解这类健康、环保、经济类住房。阅读理解【2】阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my child
26、hood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (观点) by creating worlds we could step into, take part. in. and live in.With this unshakable belief, I, at. fourteen, decided to become a
27、 writer. Here too, reading became useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so strongly
28、 that it reshapes his own world. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other peoples writing can one discover what works, what doesnt and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has. Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it is t
29、o read fiction (文学作品)As a. law student, my reading is in fact limited to subject matterthe volume (量) of what I have to read for classes every week means there is little time to read anything else. Such reading made it all the clearer to me that I live in a very small part in this great place called
30、 life. Reading fiction reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldnt necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.( ) 1. Wh
31、at can be inferred about the author as a child? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*mA. He never watched TV. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o mB. He read what he had to.C. He found reading unbelievable.D. He considered reading part of his life. ( ) 2. The underlined word voice in the second paragraph most probably means “ ”.A. an i
32、dea B. a sound qualityC. a way of writing D. a world to write about ( ) 3. What effect does reading have on the author? w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o mA. It helps him to realize his dream.B. It opens up a wider world for him.C. It makes his college life more interesting.D. It increases his interest in worldwide
33、 travel.( ) 4. Which of the following can be the best title of this text? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*mA. Why do I read? B. How do I read? C. What do I read? D. When do I read?语篇解读：本篇文章是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身体验，讲述读书使人形成自己的独立观点，读书使人开扩视野的重要作用。1. 答案：D考点：细节理解题解析：根据首段第一二句， “I grew up in a house with one wall in my bedroom
34、entirely lined with bookshelves.I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing”可知作者是在一个以书为伴的环境中长大的，读书像呼吸那样已经成为生活必需。2. 答案：C考点：词义推测题。解析：根据文中 “.but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own ”可以推断出voice所表达的意思是“写作方式”。3. 答案B考点：细节理解题解析：由文章的最后一句：“It allows me to travel acr
35、oss the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldnt necessarily be able to have in my lifetime.”可得出答案4. 答案：A考点：主旨大意题。解析：文章作者主要以自己的亲身体验讲述读书的重要性。因此Why do I read?“我为什么读书？”作题目最佳。w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m短文改错下
36、面短文中有10处语言错误。请再有错误的地方增加，删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 例如： It was very nice to get your invitation to spendweekend with you. Luckily theI was completely tree then, so Ill to say” yes. Ill arrive in Bristo
37、l at around 8:00 p. m. amin Friday evening.on I was playing at my cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toysthan I did. There was one on particular Id always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasnt looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my cousin again; I would always know, Id done something wrong. Lateon, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave It back. She knows what had happened,but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.
