1、外研版英语八（下）Module 7 Summer in Los Angeles模块语法详解并列复合句一、并列复合句的基本概念并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句常由并列连词连在一起。二、并列复合句的基本结构并列复合句的基本结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句。三、常见的并列句1. 表并列关系的：and（和；同；与；并且）；bothand（和都；既又）；neithernor（既不也不）；not onlybut also（不仅而且）；as well as（而且；还；又）。（1）and意为“和；同；与；并且”用来连接两个并列分句，and所连接的前后分句往往表示先后关系、递进关
2、系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致，若第一个分句是祈使句，那么第二个分句用将来时。如：I help him and he helps me. 我帮助他，他帮助我。Jim lives and works in Guilin. 吉姆在桂林生活和工作。He is a lovely boy and he is helpful. 他很可爱，乐于助人。Use your head, and you will find a way. 动动脑筋，你就会找到 办法。He likes playing football and he plays well. 他喜欢踢足球，而 且踢得不错。（2）bothand. 意为“和都
3、；既又”。如：Both Lucy and Lily are good students. 露西和莉莉都是好学生。My sister studies both English and Japanese. 我妹妹学英语和日语。Both rice and cotton are grown in south China. 水稻和棉花都是在中国南方种植。（3）neithernor 意为“既不也不”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，谓语动词跟第二个主语一致。如：Neither you nor he is right. 你没错，他也没错。Tom wants to eat neither apples n
4、or pears. 汤姆既不想吃苹果也不想吃梨。My father can speak neither English nor Chinese. 我父亲既不会说英语也不会说中文。（4）not onlybut also意为“不但而且”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，谓语动词跟第二个主语一致。如：Not only John but also his parents are coming. 不仅约翰，而且他的父母也都来了。 Not only Peter but also Bob comes here every day. 不但皮特而且鲍伯每天都来这儿。He can play not only
5、basketball but also football. 他不但会打篮球，而且还会踢足球。（5）as well as意为“而且；还；又”， 连接的并列主语句子中，谓语动词应与它前面的主语一致。如：Tom as well as I walks to school every day. 汤姆和我每天走路上学。The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting. 学生们以及老师都出席了会议。2、表示转折关系的：but（但；但是；可是）；while（然而）；yet（然而）；however（然而）。（1）but意为“但；但是；
6、可是”。 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折，前后分句时态一致。如：It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴但它会说话。I can come, but will be a little late. 我能来，但是要稍晚一些。The woman is old, but she looks very young. 那个女人是老的，但她看起来很年轻。She was very tired, but she kept working till midnight. 她虽然很累了，但还是一直工作到深夜。She likes bread and milk, but she d
7、oesnt like eggs at all. 她喜欢面包和牛奶，但她一点也不喜欢鸡蛋。（2）yet意为“然而”。如：My little sister is young, yet she is very clever. 我的小妹妹很年轻，但她非常聪明。The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months, yet he couldnt find any work. 这个工人在纽约找工作己有几个月之久，但是仍然没有找到。You can draw a good horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting
8、 for a year. 你能在五分钟之内画好一匹马，然而你却让我等了一年。（3）however意为“然而”。如：Certainly he apologized, however, I wont forgive him. 他的确道歉了，然而我不会原谅他。Li Lei wanted to Seven Star Park, however he didnt know the way. 李雷想去七星公园，但是他不知道路。（4）while意为“然而”。如：Hes a worker while his wife is a doctor. 他是一名工人而他妻子是一名医生。Instead, he asked
9、 his father why he was not able to hatch chickens while hens could. 他反问他父亲，为什么他不能孵出小鸡，而母鸡却能。3、表示选择关系的：or（或；或者；还是；否则；不然）；eitheror（或者或者；不是就是）；notbut（不是而是）。（1）or意为“或；或者；还是；否则；不然”，表示在两者之间选择一个，常用的连接词为or，前后分句的时态往往保持一致，若第一个分句是祈使句，那么第二个分句用将来时。连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，即谓语动词跟第二个主语一致。如：You or he is wrong. 不是你错了就是他错了。
10、Hurry up, or youll be late for school. 快点，否则你就会上学迟到。You can watch TV or play games at home. 你可以在家看电视或玩游戏。You must tell the truth, or you will be punished. 你必须说实话，否则你会受到惩罚的。Study hard, or you will fall behind the others. 要努力学习，否则你会落在别人后面的。（2）eitheror意为“或者或者；不是就是”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用就近原则，即谓语动词跟第二个主语一致。如：Nic
11、k is either in London or in Paris. 尼克不是在伦敦就是在巴黎。Either give a hand, or leave right away. 或者帮忙，或者立刻离开。Either you or he is going to do some shopping this afternoon. 今天下午或者你或者他去购物。（3）notbut意为“不是而是”。如：Ma Lin is not a student but a teacher. 马林不是学生而是老师。4. 表示因果关系的：so（所以）；therefore（因此）；for（因为）。（1）so意为“因此，所以
12、”。如：I got up late, so I was late for class. 我起床晚了，所以我上课迟到了。She is kind to the others, so all of us love her. 她对别人很好，所以我们都喜欢她。Its snowing heavily, so I have to stay at home. 天正在下大雪，所以我不得不呆在家里。This is our first lesson, so I dont know all your names. 这是我们的第一堂课，因此我不知道大家的名字。（2）therefore意为“因此，所以”。如：Mr. Wa
13、ng cant come here today; therefore you neednt wait for him. 王先生今天不能来，所以你不必等他。He worked day and night, therefore, he was able to buy the sports car. 他日夜工作，所以有能力买那辆跑车。（3）for意为“因为”。如：It must be snowing, for it is bright outside. 天一定在下雪，因为外面这么亮。四、使用并列复合句要注意的几种情况1. 并列复合句有时可不用连接词，只在两个简单句之间用一个逗号或分号（前后句之间的关
14、系须相当紧密）。如：Im Chinese; I speak Chinese. 我是中国人，我说汉语。We fished all day; we didnt catch a fish. 我们钓了一整天鱼，但我们一条也没钓到。2. 并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句有相同的部分，则相同的部分常可省略。如：Li Ming put on his coat and (Li Ming) went out. 李明穿上外套出去了。He Tong went to the Great Wall and had a great time. 贺彤去了长城并且玩得很高兴。My father works in a fa
15、ctory and my mother (works) in a school. 我父亲在工厂上班，而我母亲在学校上班。模块语法即学即练一、单项选择。( ) 1. Smile to the world, the world will smile back to you.A. nor B. but C. or D. and( ) 2. Basketball has a history of nearly 300 years. Today it is still loved by_ the young _ the old.A. both.and. B. either. or. C. not.but
16、. D. neither.nor.( ) 3. He speaks _ English _ French. Instead, he speaks German.A. either; or B not only; but also C. both; and D neither; nor( ) 4. - Tell us something about Canada, OK? - Im sorry. _ Jack _ I have ever been there.A. Either; or B. Not only; but also C. Neither; nor D. Both; and( ) 5
17、. This is my twin sister, Lucy. Not only she but also I _ good at drawing.A. is B. am C. are D. be( ) 6. - What do you like doing after class? - I like not only reading painting. A. and B. but also C. or D. for( ) 7. - What will Lucy do this Sunday? - She as well as her family _ go camping by a smal
18、l lake.A. is going to B. am going to C. are going to D. be going to( ) 8. Tom I walks to school every day.A. but B. as well as C. or D. for( ) 9. Mike is good at playing basketball _ Bruce does well in football.A. when B. until C. while D. since( ) 10. Look left and right before you cross the road,
19、_ you may be hit by a car. A. and B. so C. but D. or( ) 11. - I dont like singing _ dancing. What about you? - I dont like dancing, _ I like singing.A. and; and B. and; but C. or; but D. or; and( ) 12. The beginning to the movie was boring, the end was amazing!A. but B. and C. so D. or( ) 13. “You c
20、ant have them all. You can choose _ the kite _ the toy car.” said the mother.A. not only; but also B. both; and C. and; but D. either; or ( ) 14. We just need one of you for the game. you your brother can join us.A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also( ) 15. The rain is ver
21、y heavy, _ we have to stay at home.A. but B. so C. because D. and( ) 16. The box was too heavy for me to carry, _ I pulled it into my room. A. so B. and C. but D. or( ) 17. You make lunch, _ Ill take care of the baby.A. but B. or C. for D. and( ) 18. Information technology is taught in most schools,
22、 _ we have entered the information society.A. so B. while C. still D. for二、句型变变变。按括号里的要求改写句子，每空一词。1. If you work hard, youll get good grades. (同义句转换) Work hard, youll get good grades.2. If you dont study harder, you will fail in the test. (同义句转换) Study harder, _ you will fail in the test.3. Both Li Hua and his parents are going to visit the flower show. (同义句转换)_ _ Li Hua _ _ his parents are going to visit the flower show.新外研版英语八（下）Module 7 Summer in Los Angeles模块语法即学即练一、单项选择。15 DADCB 610 BABCD 1115 CADCB 1618 ACD二、句型变变变。按括号里的要求改写句子，每空一词。1. Not only; but also 2. and 3. or
