1、外研版英语八（上）Module 5模块语法详解与训练模块语法详解动词不定式（1）和双宾语动词不定式（1）1. 概念：动词不定式是由“不定式符号to动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。它没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能单独作谓语。2. 作用：动词不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，构成动词不定式短语。3. 结构：肯定形式：to动词原形；否定形式：not to动词原形4. 动词不定式作宾语(1) 可以接带“to动词原形”作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(ex
2、pect, decide, learn)，宁可假装计划(prefer, pretend, plan)，希望想要愿意(wish, hope, want, would like/love)。We decided to talk to some students about why they went there. 我们决定和一些学生谈谈他们为什么去那里。He prefers to eat bread and rice. 他更喜欢吃面包和米饭。/ Id love to visit Mexico. 我想去参观墨西哥。(2) decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell等
3、动词可用“特殊疑问词动词不定式短语”作宾语，但特殊疑问词why后面一般接从句。如：Could you please tell me where to park my car? 你能告诉我在哪里停车吗？(3) 有些动词后既可接动词不定式，也可接动名词形式，有些表达的意义相同，如begin, start等，有些则不同。stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 remember doing sth. 记
4、得做过某事try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事(4) 动词不定式与名词构成复合宾语时，通常要用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式后置。如：I think it our duty to obey the laws. 我认为遵守法律是我们的义务。I found it difficult to see him here. 我发现在这里见到他是很难的。双宾语1. 概念：在英语中，有些动词后可以接两个宾语，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语，这两个宾语称为双宾语。2. 结构：“及物动词间接宾语直接宾语”或“及物动词直接宾语to/for间接宾语”。3.
5、 接双宾语的动词：可以接双宾语的动词很多，常见的有give, bring, lend, pass, send, show, leave, buy, tell, teach, sell等。Can you pass me the salt? 你能把盐递给我吗？/ Mr Wang teaches us English this term. 这学期王老师教我们英语。4. 直接宾语提前(1)在具体表达中，我们可以把直接宾语提前，但要借助于介词to或for。如：He gave me a present.=He gave a present to me. 他给了我一件礼物。My parents bought
6、 me a new bike.=My parents bought a new bike for me. 我父母给我买了一辆新自行车。(2) 在下面几种情况下，通常借用to或for。如：当直接宾语是人称代词it或them时。如：Please give it to my mother. 请把它给我妈妈。当强调间接宾语时。如：My mother cooks meals for us every day. 我妈妈每天给我们做饭。当直接宾语比间接宾语长时。如：Actually, I dont want to give my lovely pet dog to you. 事实上，我并不愿意把我可爱的宠物
7、狗给你。双宾语中接to的动词有give, show, pass, lend, take, send, teach等，to表示“给某人”，即表示某人接受或收到了某物；双宾语中接for的动词有buy, cook, read, get, sing, make等，for表示“为某人”。如：give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.hand sb. sth. = hand sth. to sb. send sb. sth. = send sth.
8、to sb. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.leave sb. sth. = leave sth. to sb. teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb.buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. read sb. sth. = read sth. for sb.make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb.模块语法即学即练一、用所给词的适当形式填空1. She
9、likes _ (get) up early every day. 2. Mary wants (call)her friend at six oclock.3. The girl often goes _ (watch) the magic show.4. They hope (work) in Shanghai in the future.5. I would like _ (show) my photos to you tomorrow.6. My mother asked me to help her _ (move) the desk.7. We have planned _ (ha
10、ve) a surprising party for her.8. Mother told me _ (not forget) to buy a bag for her.9. The teacher has come into the room. We need to stop _ (talk).10. When I was very young, my father taught me _ (read) and write.二、改为同义句。1. Please pass the pencil to me.Please pass .2. Jim made a boat for his broth
11、er.Jim made .3. She always reads the children stories.She always reads the children.4. He hopes that he can pass the maths exam.He _ _ _ the maths exam. 5. Mum bought me a nice skirt last week.Mum bought a nice skirt last week.三、单项填空。( ) 1. - Linda often _ to help her classmates with their English.
12、- How kind she is! A. forgets B. learns C. offers D. starts( ) 2. Sara didnt feel well this morning. She decided _ to the park with her sister.A. not go B. not to go C. go D. to go( ) 3. Dad agreed _ the summer holiday in Sanya. A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. to spending( ) 4. Do you still reme
13、mber with Yao Ming in Beijing? - Yes, of course, three years ago.A. to meet B. meeting C. meet D. met() 5. You are very tired. Please stop _ a rest.A. having B. to have C. has D. to having() 6. Jackie asked me _ anything. A. not touch B. not touched C. not touching D. not to touch() 7. Can you show
14、us _ a bike?A. how to mend B. what to buy C. where to go D. how many to buy() 8. My parents always tell me _ more vegetables and fruit. A. eat B. eating C. eats D. to eat() 9. Miss Zhang asked us _ late again. A. to be B. not to be C. to not be D. not be() 10. The boss _ pairs of shoes to try on.A.
15、showed to B. showed for me C. showed me D. showed to me( ) 11. Peter _ some beautiful postcards to his friends yesterday. A. gave B. bought C. made D. chose( ) 12. There is no difference between the two words. I really dont know .A. what to choose B. which to choose C. to choose which D. to choose w
16、hat( ) 13. Lisa is a little poor at Chinese. I think she needs it every day.A. practice to speak B. to practice speaking C. practice speaking D. to practice to speak模块语法即学即练一、用所给词的适当形式填空1. getting 2. to call 3. to watch 4. to work 5. to show 6. (to)move 7.to have 8. not to forget 9. talking 10. to read 二、改为同义句。1. me the pencil 2. his brother a boat 3. stories to 4. hopes to pass 5. for me三、单项选择。1-5 CBABB 6-10 DADBC 11-13 ABB
