1、5.1 Listening and speaking 一、根据汉语意思填写单词1Some of the ancient _(符号) can still be seen in todays hanzi. 2Let love be around me; let _ (文明)follow you. 3What is the _（特定的）aim since you are working so hard? 4After three years of study, she has a good command of the _(方言) here. 5There were calls for_ (主要的)
2、 changes to the system. 二、用单词的适当形式完成句子6You have a positive attitude _ life.7Many pictures have _ (base) on simple geometric designs.8They joined us in the discussion on how to stop _(globe) warming. 9Dont refer _ this matter again, please. 10This is an old building _ (date) back to the 14th century.
3、 三、阅读选择 How do you refer to those people, things, and experiences that are wonderful? Are they cool? Perhaps theyre rad? In the 1980s, you might have called them bad. What do all these interesting words have in common? Theyre all slang words. The word “slang” as an interesting beginning. It began as
4、 a word in northern England that was used to refer to the land under the control of a country. Over time, it was used to refer to the people who would advertise and sell goods in special places. Eventually, slang became the term used to describe the colorful, informal speech that these salesmen used
5、 to advertise their goods.Language develops continuously over time. New words and new meanings for old words come out as people try to express themselves in new, creative ways, both in speaking and writing. Slang allows people to be funny, clever, different, friendly, or even secretive. Over recent
6、years, many slang words have come from three sources: popular music, politics, and the Internet. Popular music, especially rap and hip hop, has led to many slang words as singers come up with increasingly creative ways to express themselves. For better or worse, some words have taken on new meanings
7、.Perhaps the biggest source of slang words, however, is the Internet. In todays world, that fact should surprise no one. Whether its the changing nature of technology itself or a quickly-changing trend, the Internet provides ideas for new slang words more than anything else does. It also helps those
8、 words to be introduced into our minds and change our language more rapidly than ever be-fore. Thanks to the popularity of the Internet and especially social media, a new slang word can appear and be known worldwide in a matter of weeks, if not days, rather than months or years as in the past.11What
9、 do we know about the words mentioned in Paragraph 1?AThey are all very common.BThey are all different dialects.CThey all have the same meaning.DThey all refer to interesting things.12What do we know about slang words according to Paragraph 3?AThey offer new ideas to singers.BThey can show users cre
10、ativity.CThey are used more in speaking than in writing.DThey give people new ways to express themselves.13How is the influence of the Internet on slang words?AIt is fast and wide.BIt is harmful.CIt is long-lasting.DIt is indirect.14Whats the best title for the passage?AThe power of languageBWhere d
11、o slang words come from?CHow can we correctly use slang words?DThe influence of the Internet on slang words 四、七选五The guy who tried to edit EnglishThe English vocabulary is not only huge, but also full of words that mean practically(几乎) the same thing- Get, obtain, acquire. Shine, gleam, glow, sparkl
12、e. 15 That was the thinking of a British writer named CK. Ogden, who in the 1930s proposed (提议) a new form of English with a vocabulary of just 850 words. He called the project Basic English 16 Ogden arrived at his 850-word list through experimentation, rephrasing texts over and over until he was sa
13、tisfied. The words he finally included were not necessarily the shortest or most concrete. 17 Because any verbal idea could be expressed with a small number of “operators”-words like come, go, get, take, have, make, be, and do. Ogden argued that most verbs were unnecessary. In Basic English, “eat” i
14、s “have a meal” and “forget” is “go from memory”.Winston Churchill was a fan of the concept as a way to get foreigners to speak English, and he encouraged the BBC to use it. 18 Roosevelt, who expressed mild interest, joked that Churchills famous speech about offering his “blood, toil, tears, and swe
15、at” to his country wouldnt have been so exciting if he “had been able to offer the British people only blood, work, eye water, and face water, which I understand is the best that Basic English can do with five famous words.”19 Churchill didnt use it either. When seeking to express ourselves, we dont
16、 necessarily need fewer words; we need the right words. So its to our benefit to have a large supply on hand.ADo we really need them all?BHow many words are there in English?COgden himself didnt actually use Basic English.DPlenty of seemingly basic words did not make the list at all.E.He also tried
17、to persuade President Franklin Roosevelt to promote it.F.He believed it would make the language more efficient and easier to learn.G.Despite attention from world leaders, Basic English never got very far off the drawing board. 五、完形填空Its amazing how one dollar can change the culture of a school.We ha
18、ve a 20 school of about 30 students.It is really full of competition and pressure as most of the kids get good 21 and try to be the best ones.Its good except that a lot of us middle kids felt really 22 .We got the feeling that we were so selfishits every man for himself. 23 ， my friend and I set out
19、 to find a way to change the culture.We thought doing things for others was the only way to 24 our depression(沮丧)about school.On the first day of school we put a 25 folded into a heart into one of the leaders lockers with a piece of paper that 26 ， “Buy yourself a snack.” We hoped to give away small
20、 gifts every day.We didnt know the 27 it would have.People went 28 over it and everyone was talking about who it might be doing the acts of kindness and 29 that they should do something too.It is so much fun to see the 30 on everyones faces now! Lots of other people have started sharing 31 now too:
21、chocolate bars, cookies and money left on purpose in the vending machine(自动售货机)And lots of notes are on the thanks board saying: “Thanks to whoever started.”Now I actually expect to go to school to have the chance to 32 people up.I hope kindness will 33 to other schools.If anybody is struggling with
22、 being 34 at school and work, I totally suggested doing acts of kindness.20AsmallBlargeClovelyDterrible21AgradesBbooksCresultsDteachers22AinterestedBsatisfiedCpressuredDembarrassed23AIn returnBIn chargeCIn responseDIn anger24Adeal withBlive withCcome up withDkeep up with25ApaperBgiftCdollarDticket26
23、AwroteBsaidCtoldDprinted27AproblemBopinionCeffectDattitude28AwildBsadCangryDpeaceful29AregrettingBdisagreeingCdoubtingDdeciding30AtearsBpainCsmilesDterror31AhappinessBselfishnessCkindnessDsadness32AbringBcheerCspeedDhold33AspreadBreferCreactDtake34AignoredBconcernedCconfusedDdepressed 六、用单词的适当形式完成短文
24、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。English is the international working language so it is 35 (wide) used in the world. English has gone through three periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English.In the fifth century, three Germanic groups the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes invaded (入侵) Bri
25、tain and they spoke similar languages, which developed into 36 we now call Old English.Unlike Old English, Middle English can 37 (read), although with difficulty, by modern English-speaking people. Many factors contributed to (促成) the 38 (develop) of Middle English. However, in 1066, the Normans (法国
26、诺曼底人) took control of England, 39 did not have the same result that the Germanic invasion had about 600 year 40 (early). But French still had a big influence on English. This led to even more pairs of similar words.From the 16th century, the British 41 ( begin) to communicate with many peoples from
27、around the world. This meant many new words and phrases entered the language. Modern English, quite different from Old English and Middle English, 42 (contain) many Latin and Greek words. As we all know, people will keep 43 (invent) new words and English will be changing over 44 time. 试卷第5页，共5页学科网（北
28、京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司参考答案1symbols【详解】考查名词。句意：一些古代的符号仍然可以在今天的汉字看到。根据句意和汉语提示，应填symbol“符号”，由some并结合句意可知用复数，故填symbols。2civilization【详解】考查名词。句意：让爱在我身边；让文明跟随你。根据汉语提示“文明”可知，这里使用名词性成分作宾语，civilization“文明”，符合本句语境，抽象概念不可数。故填civilization。【点睛】3specific【详解】考查形容词。句意：你既然如此努力工作，具体目的是什么？根据所给汉语提示“特定的”可知，空处使用形容词成分作定语修饰
29、限定名词aim，specific是形容词，意为“特定的”，符合语境。故填specific。【点睛】4dialect【详解】考查名词。句意：经过三年的学习，她已经很好地掌握了这里的方言。根据汉语提示“方言”可知，空处使用名词性成分作宾语，dialect是名词意为“方言”，符合本句语境。故填dialect。【点睛】5major【详解】考查形容词。句意：有人呼吁对这一制度进行重大改革。根据汉语提示以及此空是名词changes“改变”的定语，可知此空用形容词major，故填major。6towards/to【详解】考查介词。句意：你有积极的生活态度。结合短语have a positive attitu
30、de towards/to“对有积极的态度”。故填towards/to。7been based【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：许多画都是基于简单的几何图案。句子主语Many pictures和base之间是被动关系，结合设空处前的have可知此处为现在完成时的被动语态。故填been based。8global【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们和我们一起讨论了如何阻止全球变暖。根据名词warming可知此处要用形容词作定语，global warming“全球变暖”。故填global。9to【详解】考查介词。句意：请不要再提这件事了。固定短语refer to“涉及，提到”。故填to。10dating【
31、详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一座可以追溯到14世纪的古老建筑。 date back to 固定短语，意为：追溯到，句子的谓语是is，故空格处填所给动词的非谓语形式，此处是主动表被动含义，故用现在分词，作伴随状语。故填dating。11C12D13A14B【分析】这是一篇说明文。英语中有很多俚语，它们生动有趣，富有刨造性，现代俚语一般有三个来源：流行音乐、政治及互联网。11推理判断题。根据第一段中“How do you refer to those people, things, and experiences that are wonderful? Are they cool? Perha
32、ps theyre rad? In the 1980s, you might have called them bad. What do all these interesting words have in common? Theyre all slang words.(你如何形容那些美好的人、事和经历？说它们很酷？也许说他们rad？在20世纪80年代，你可能会说它们不好。这些有趣的词有什么共同之处？它们都是俚语)”可推知，第一段中提到的单词都有相同的意思。故选C。12细节理解题。根据第二段中“New words and new meanings for old words come out
33、 as people try to express themselves in new, creative ways, both in speaking and writing. Slang allows people to be funny, clever, different, friendly, or even secretive.(当人们在口语和写作中尝试用新的、创造性的方式表达自己时，新词和旧词的新含义就会出现。俚语让人变得有趣、聪明、与众不同、友好，甚至神秘)”可知，俚语给人们新的方式来表达自己。故选D。13推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It also helps those wor
34、ds to be introduced into our minds and change our language more rapidly than ever be-fore. Thanks to the popularity of the Internet and especially social media, a new slang word can appear and be known worldwide in a matter of weeks, if not days, rather than months or years as in the past.(它还帮助这些单词进
35、入我们的头脑，并比以往任何时候都更快地改变我们的语言。由于互联网特别是社交媒体的普及，一个新的俚语可以在几周内出现并被全世界所熟知，而不是像过去的几个月或几年)”可推知，互联网对俚语的影响是让俚语的传播更快更广泛。故选A。14主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The word “slang” as an interesting beginning. It began as a word in northern England that was used to refer to the land under the control of a country. Over time, it was used
36、 to refer to the people who would advertise and sell goods in special places. Eventually, slang became the term used to describe the colorful, informal speech that these salesmen used to advertise their goods.(“俚语”这个词作为一个有趣的开端。 它起源于英格兰北部的一个词，用来指被一个国家控制的土地。随着时间的推移，它被用来指那些在特殊的地方做广告和销售商品的人。最终，俚语变成了一个术语
37、，用来描述这些推销员用来为他们的商品做广告的生动的、非正式的讲话)”结合本文主要介绍了俚语的起源。可知，B选项“俚语从何而来”最符合文章标题。故选B。15A16F17D18E19C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由奥格登创造出来的一种简化英语基本英语。15根据第一段“The English vocabulary is not only huge, but also full of words that mean practically(几乎) the same thing- Get, obtain, acquire. Shine, gleam, glow, sparkle.”可知，英语的词
38、汇量很大且有很多同义词。根据第二段“That was the thinking of a British writer named C. K. Ogden, who in the 1930s proposed (提议) a new form of English with a vocabulary of just 850 words.”可知，英国作家奥格登将英语词汇量减到850个。因此空格处是承上启下的作用。A. Do we really need them all?（我们确实需要那么多词汇吗）。由此可知A项符合语境。故选A。16根据空格前“He called the project Basi
39、c English.”可知，这850个词汇是基本词汇。接下来应该陈述他确定基本词汇的理由。F. He believed it would make the language more efficient and easier to learn.（奥格登之所以创造基本英语是因为他觉得这样英语会更有效率，更容易学）。由此可知F项符合语境。故选F。17根据上文的were not necessarily the shortest or most concrete及下文举的例子可知，很多基础的词汇并没有出现在基本英语中。D. Plenty of seemingly basic words did not
40、 make the list at all.（很多基础的词汇并没有出现在基本英语中）。由此可知D项符合语境。故选D。18由下文的 “Rooseveltwho expressed mild interest”可知，此处是说丘吉尔也试图说服罗斯福总统推广基本英语，罗斯福表达了他的兴趣。E. He also tried to persuade President Franklin Roosevelt to promote it.（丘吉尔也试图说服罗斯福总统推广基本英语）。由此可知E项符合语境。故选E。19根据下文的 “Churchill didnt use it either. ”可知，丘吉尔也没有
41、使用基本英语。C. Ogden himself didnt actually use Basic English.（奥格登并没有真正使用基本英语）。根据相似句式可知C项符合语境。故选C。20A21A22C23C24A25C26B27C28A29D30C31C32B33A34D【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者用一张一美元的钞票改变了整个校园的风气学校里呈现出人人做好事的好现象。20考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们是一大约所有30名学生的小型学校。Asmall小的；Blarge大的；Clovely可爱的；Dterrible糟糕的。根据下文“of about 30 students”可知，这所
42、学校规模很小。故选A项。21考查名词词义辨析。句意：这真的是充满了竞争和压力，因为大多数孩子都取得了好成绩，并试图成为最好的。Agrades分数；Bbooks书；Cresults结果；Dteachers老师。根据下文“and try to be the best ones”可知，这里的大部分孩子们的成绩都很好。故选A项。22考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很好，除了许多像我们这种处于中等水平的孩子感到很有压力。Ainterested感兴趣的；Bsatisfied满意的；Cpressured有压力的；Dembarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“It is really full of competit
43、ion and pressure as most of the kids get good _32_ and try to be the best ones.” 可知，这里是指前面的那种现象是很好的，只是学校的中等生会感到很大压力。故选C项。23考查固定短语辨析。句意：作为回应，我和我的朋友开始寻找改变这种文化的方法。AIn return作为回报，反过来；BIn charge负责；CIn response作为回应；DIn anger愤怒地。根据“my friend and I set out to find a way to change the culture”可知，这里是指作为对这种文化现
44、象的回应。故选C项。24考查固定短语辨析。句意：我们认为为别人做事是解决我们对学校的沮丧情绪的唯一方法。Adeal with解决；Blive with忍受；Ccome up with提出；Dkeep up with赶上。根据后面说的方法，可知是解决问题，故选A项。25考查名词词义辨析。句意：开学的第一天，我们把一张折叠好的美元和一张写着“给自己买点零食”的纸，放进了一个佼佼者的储物柜里。Apaper纸张；Bgift礼物；Cdollar美元；Dticket票。根据文章首段“Its amazing how one dollar can change the culture of a school.
45、” 可知，这里是指一张一美元的钞票。故选C项。26考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。Awrote写着(主语一般为人)；Bsaid(书面材料上)写着；Ctold告诉；Dprinted印刷。根据下面的引语，可知是写在纸上，故选B项。27考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不知道它会有什么影响。Aproblem问题；Bopinion观点；Ceffect影响；Dattitude态度。根据常识可知，作者也是第一次这么做，所以不知道它会有什么影响。故选C项。28考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们为之疯狂，每个人都在谈论谁可能在做善事，并决定他们也应该做些什么。A. wild疯狂的；B. sad悲伤的；C. angry生气
46、的；D. peaceful和平的。根据下文“.everyone was talking about who it might be doing the acts of kindness and _40_ that they should do something too. ”可知，这里是指人们都沸腾起来，人人都想知道到底是谁做的好事。短语go wild over sth.意为 “对某事狂热起来”。 故选A项。29考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。Aregretting后悔；Bdisagreeing不同意；Cdoubting怀疑；Ddeciding决定。根据下文“that they should d
47、o something too”可知，这里是指大家决定他们也应该做些什么。故选D项。30考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在看到每个人脸上的笑容真是太有趣了！ Atears眼泪；Bpain痛苦；Csmiles微笑；Dterror恐怖。根据“It is so much fun”可知，这里是指看到每个人脸上都有笑容是一件很开心的事情。故选C项。31考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，许多人也开始分享善意：故意留在自动售货机上的巧克力棒、饼干和钱。Ahappiness幸福；Bselfishness自私；Ckindness友善；Dsadness伤心。根据下文“And lots of notes are on the
48、 thanks board saying：Thanks to whoever started.”可知，这里是指很多其他人也开始与别人分享友善行为。故选C项。32考查动词词组辨析。句意：现在，我很希望有机会去学校鼓舞人们。Abring up提出，抚养；Bcheer up鼓舞，喝彩；Cspeed up加速；Dhold up举起。根据下文我希望那些友善的行为可以传播到其他学校，可知这里应该是鼓舞人们。故选B项。33考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望那些友善的行为可以传播到其他学校。Aspread传播；Brefer参考；Creact反应；Dtake带走。应该是把行为传播到其他学校，故选A项。34考查形容词
49、词义辨析。句意：如果有人在学校里正在因为学习压力而感到沮丧的话，我完全建议做些善事。Aignored被忽视；Bconcerned关心的；Cconfused困惑的；Ddepressed沮丧的。根据上文“We thought doing things for others was the only way to _5_ our depression(沮丧)about school.”可知，这里是指如果你正在为学习压力而感到沮丧的话，作者建议不防做一些善事。故选D项。35widely36what37be read38development39which40earlier41began42contai
50、ns43inventing44the【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了英语经历的三个历程：古英语、中古英语和现代英语。35考查副词。句意：英语是一种国际工作语言所以它在世界被广泛应用。用副词widely修饰动词used，故填widely。36考查名词性从句。句意：在十五世纪，三个日耳曼民族盎格鲁人、撒克逊人和朱特人入侵了英国，他们说相同的语言，这后来发展为我们所称为的古英语。名词性从句“_ we now call Old English”中缺少宾语且指物，故填what。37考查被动语态。句意：不像古英语，现代英语是可以被说现代英语的人读出来的，尽管有难度。动词read和Middle English
51、之间属于被动关系，且置于情态动词之后。故填be read。38考查名词。句意：许多因素促成了中古英语的发展。the+名词+of为固定搭配，所以用名词development，故填development。39考查非限制性定语从句。句意：但是在1066年，法国诺曼底人控制了英国，但是并没有带来同样的结果非限制性定语从句“_ did not have the same result”中缺少主语且代指前面一整句话，故填which。40考查副词比较级。句意：但是在1066年，法国诺曼底人控制了英国，但是并没有带来和600年前日耳曼人侵略带来的同样的结果。日耳曼人侵略比法国诺曼底人早600年，所以用比较级，
52、故填earlier。41考查时态。句意：从16世纪开始，英国人开始和来自全世界的很多人交流。根据状语从句From the 16th century可知，动作发生在过去，且begin为短暂性动词，所以用过去式，故填began。42考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现代英语和古英语与中古英语相当不同，包含了许多拉丁语和希腊语。主语Modern English是第三人称单数，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故填contains。43考查动名词。句意：我们都知道，人们会一直发明新的词汇，英语将会一直在改变。keep doing sth意为“一直做某事”，为固定搭配，故填inventing。44考查冠词。句意：我们都知道，人们会一直发明新的词汇，英语在这期间将会一直在改变。over the time意为“在这段时间期间”，the表示特指。故填the。答案第9页，共9页
