1、 第三课时 Section A(Grammar Focus4c)1.语态的概念在英语中有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。eg：We speak English.我们讲英语。(主动语态)English is spoken by us.英语被我们讲。(被动语态)2.一般现在时的被动语态表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态，主语是动作的承受者。3.结构肯定句：主语be(am/is/are)及物动词的过去分词其他否定句：主语be(am/is/are)not及物动词的过去分词其他一般疑问句：Be(Am/Is/Are)主语及物动词的过去分词其他？特殊疑
2、问句：特殊疑问词be(am/is/are)主语及物动词的过去分词其他？eg：The desk is made by him.这张桌子是他做的。The desk isnt made by him.这张桌子不是他做的。Is the desk made by him？这张桌子是他做的吗？Where is the desk made by him？这张桌子是他在哪里做的？4.被动语态的用法在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下，可用被动语态。eg：This coat is made of cotton.这件外套是棉制的。要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时，用被动语态。eg：Her bike
3、is stolen.她的自行车被偷了。5.主动、被动语态的转换主动语态：主语及物动词宾语(其他).被动语态：主语be及物动词过去分词by宾语(其他).【注意】主动语态中若有双宾语，变被动语态时，将其中一个宾语作为被动句的主语，另一个宾语不变。如果指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语不变；若指物的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，间接宾语前要加介词to，for等。(动词make，buy，get的间接宾语(指人)前用for；动词give，send，lend等则用to等)。eg：The book was given to me by Tom.这本书是汤姆给我的。有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词词组，
4、变被动语态时，不能把动词后的介词丢掉。eg：He puts up a notice on the wall every day.他每天在墙上贴一张通知。A notice is put up on the wall every day.一张通知每天被贴在墙上。主动语态中，在make，let，hear，see，watch等词后跟省略to的动词不定式，变被动语态时，to不能省略。eg：We often hear her play the violin.我们经常听她拉小提琴。She is often heard to play the violin.她经常被听到拉小提琴。一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式
5、填空。1.The car _(wash)every week.2.The patients _(look)after by two nurses in this small hospital every day.3.Is this kind of sugar _(produce)in Anhui now？4.These machines _(not make)in that factory.5.President Xi Jinping said，“Happiness is _(achieve)through hard work.”is washedare lookedproducedare n
6、ot madeachieved二、单项选择。()6.(2021辽宁盘锦)If the science fiction _ into English，it will be popular around the world.Atranslates Bis translatedCtranslated Dwas translated()7.(2021北京)Today，many winter Olympic sports _ even by children.Aenjoyed BenjoyCwere enjoyed Dare enjoyedBD()8.(2021湖北十堰)Fishing _ in ord
7、er to protect the ecosystem of Hanjiang River.Aallows Bis allowedCisnt allowed Dwont allowC三、按要求完成下列句子。9.Dad buys me a pair of gloves every winter.(改为被动语态)A pair of gloves _ _ _ me every winter by Dad.10.Where does he plant trees in spring？(改为被动语态)Where _ _ _ in spring by him？11.His mother doesnt al
8、low him to go out.(改为被动语态)He _ _ _ go out by his mother.isboughtforareplantedtreesisnt allowedto12.The model plane is made of wood and glass.(对画线部分提问)_ _ the model plane _ _？13.I am often asked to wash dishes after dinner.(改为否定句)I _ _ often _ to wash dishes after dinner.14.A film festival is organiz
9、ed by the local government every autumn.(改为一般疑问句)_ a film festival _ by the local government every autumn？WhatismadeofamnotaskedIsorganized四、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。15.My sister brought a pair of _ to keep her hands warm.16.The radio says that there is a _ accident on Center Street.17.They have found all th
10、e _ needed for building the hospital.18.Alice comes from _，so she can speak German very well.German，traffic，postman，glove，material，cap，surface，bossglovestrafficmaterialsGermany19.Armstrong was the first person to walk on the _ of the moon.20.The little boy likes to wear a blue _ wherever he goes.21.The _ of this company is very serious.He requires his workers to follow the rules strictly.22.With the rapid development of society，the number of _is becoming less and less.surfacecapbosspostmen
