1、北京市第四十三中学2020-2021学年高一英语上学期12月月考试题（含解析）第一部分：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to _1_him.Before setting out, I told Barrett this tr
2、ip would be tiring and _2_. For the first two days, he said almost nothing. I worried the trip was too _3_for a 17-year-old.Then, on day three, as we were _4_over high rocky mountains, he turned to me and grinned (咧嘴笑), “Pretty hard.”After that there was no turning back. A five-year-old girl, wearin
3、g a dress several sizes _5_large and broken shoes, followed Barrett around, mesmerized (着迷). He couldnt stop _6_. Later he said _7_. “I wish I could speak French.” I was _8_ this from a boy who _9_and fought against French classes throughout school.Usually _10_, he made friends with Gaby, our host,
4、and kept asking questions about the country and its people. He blossomed (活泼起来)._11_, the moment that really took my breath away happened in a village deep in the mountains. I was _12_a woman villager for an article. 135 cm tall, she was small in figure but strong in _13_. Through determination, she
5、 had learned to read and write, and _14_to become part of the leadership of the _15_.Learning her story, Barrett was as _16_as I by this tiny womans achievements.His eyes were wet and there was a look of love and _17_on his face. He had finally understood the _18_of my work.When leaving for home, Ba
6、rrett even offered to stay _19_as a volunteer. My insides suddenly felt struck. This _20_achieved all Id expected. Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. Hell be a man.1. A. comfortB. educateC. attractD. please2. A. difficultB. pleasantC. dangerousD. easy3. A. littleB. slowC. fastD. much4. A. mov
7、ingB. runningC. climbingD. looking5. A. tooB. veryC. evenD. so6. A. jokingB. cryingC. shoutingD. smiling7. A. regretfullyB. patientlyC. lightlyD. cheerfully8. A. ashamedB. disappointedC. interestedD. surprised9. A. attendedB. enjoyedC. hatedD. gave10. A. naughtyB. silentC. lazyD. curious11. A. ThusB
8、. HoweverC. AlsoD. Even12. A. askingB. describingC. invitingD. interviewing13. A. brainB. wishC. willD. health14. A. appearedB. struggledC. refusedD. failed15. A. villageB. cityC. organisationD. state16. A. pleasedB. boredC. puzzledD. touched17. A. shockB. joyC. respectD. fear18. A. importanceB. adv
9、antageC. progressD. development19. A. inB. behindC. outD. away20. A. interviewB. flightC. tripD. article【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. D 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者带儿子去一个贫困小山村做志愿者。通过这次旅行，儿子受到了很大的教育，甚至主动提出要留下来当志愿者。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析
10、。句意：最近我把儿子巴雷特带到那里过了一周，希望借此教育他。A. comfort安慰；B. educate教育；C. attract吸引；D. please取悦。根据上文“I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti.”可知，作者是一个帮助穷人的志愿者。作者把他儿子带过去的目的是希望能给他一些教育意义。故选B。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出发之前，我告诉儿子这个旅途将是劳累和艰苦的。A. difficult困难的，艰苦的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. dangerous危险的；D
11、. easy简单的。根据下文“he turned to me and grinned (咧嘴笑), “Pretty hard.”可知，这次旅途是困难的，艰苦的。故选A。【3题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，我担心对于一个17岁的孩子来说，这个旅途有些太过了。A. little微小的，不多地；B. slow慢速度地；C. fast快速地；D. much非常。根据上文“I told Barrett this trip would be tiring and _2_(我告诉儿子这个旅途将是劳累和艰苦的)”可知，旅途累且艰苦，以及本句中“worried”可知作者担心对于儿子有些过了。故选D。4题详
12、解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第三天，当我们正在爬越很高的岩石山脉时A. moving移动；B. running跑；C. climbing爬；D. looking看。根据空格后面“high rocky mountains(很高的山脉)”可知，此处应为爬山。故选C。【5题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个五岁的女孩，穿了一件大了几号的连衣裙和破烂的鞋子。A. too太；过于；B. very非常；C. even甚至；D. so如此（指已经提到的事情）。根据本句中“large”可知，空格处应填程度副词，表示衣服过大。故选A。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他忍不住笑了。A. joking开玩笑；
13、B. crying哭；C. shouting大喊；D. smiling笑。根据上文“A five-year-old girl, wearing a dress several sizes _5_large and broken shoes, followed Barrett around, mesmerized (着迷).(一个五岁女孩，穿了一件大了几号的连衣裙和破烂的鞋子，跟在儿子的后面，很着迷的样子)”可知，儿子看到这个情形很开心，忍不住笑了。故选D。【7题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来他很抱歉地说真希望自己会讲法语。A. regretfully抱歉地，遗憾地；B. patiently
14、有耐心地；C. lightly轻轻地；D. cheerfully高兴地。根据本文第一句话“I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti.”可知，作者带儿子去的是海地的一个贫困地区，海地的官方语言是法语。所以儿子很遗憾自己不会讲法语。要是会本地语言就可以跟小女孩聊天了。故选A。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到惊讶。8. A. ashamed羞愧的；B. disappointed失望的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. surprised感到惊讶的；根据下文中“ fought aga
15、inst French classes throughout school.(反感学校法语课)”可知，听到儿子说希望自己会法语时作者是很惊讶的。故选D。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这话来自一个讨厌甚至反感学校法语课的男孩。A. attended参加；B. enjoyed喜欢；C. hated讨厌；D. gave给。根据本句中“and fought against French classes throughout school.(反感学校法语课)”可知，此处应填与“fought against反感”相近的词义表示不喜欢。故选C。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常很沉默的儿子开
16、始跟我们的房主Gaby交朋友并且经常询问有关海地这个国家和人民的一些问题。A. naughty淘气的；B. silent沉默的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文“He blossomed (活泼起来).”可知，儿子以前是一个沉默的孩子。故选B。【11题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，真正使我感到震撼的那一刻出现在大山深处的一个小村庄里。A. Thus 因此；B. However然而；C. Also也；D. Even甚至。根据下文可知，儿子有了很大的变化。再结合上文“He blossomed (活泼起来).”可知，此处应填表示转折含义的词。故选B。【12题详解】考查
17、动词词义辨析。句意：我为写一篇文章而采访一位女村民。A. asking询问；B. describing描述；C. inviting邀请；D. interviewing采访。根据本句中“for an article写文章”可知，此处应填采访。故选D。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：只有135厘米的身高，她体型瘦小，但具有坚强的意志力。A. brain大脑；B. wish愿望；C. will意志力；D. health健康。根据空格前的连词“but”以及下文中“Through determination通过她的决心”可知，此处应填意志力。故选C。【14题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：并努力奋斗
18、成为了村落中的领导人之一。A. appeared出现；B. struggled努力，奋斗；C. refused拒绝；D. failed失败。根据上文“135 cm tall, she was small in figure”可知，她个人条件并不好，能够成为领导人，一定经历过努力奋斗的过程。故选B。【15题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：并努力奋斗成为了村落中的领导人之一。 A. village村庄，村落；B. city城市；C. organisation组织；D. state国家。根据上文中“a woman villager一位女村民”可知，此处应填村庄。故选A。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析
19、。句意：儿子和我一样被她所获得的成就感动。A. pleased开心的；B. bored厌烦的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. touched感动的。根据下文“His eyes were wet”可知，此处应为感动的。故选D。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他眼含泪水并且他的脸上带着一种爱和尊重的表情。A. shock震惊；B. joy开心；C. respect尊重；D. fear恐惧。根据下文“He had finally understood the_18_of my work.”可知，此处应填尊重。故选C。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最终理解了我的工作的重要意义。A.
20、importance重要意义；B. advantage优点；C. progress进步；D. development发展。根据下文中“When leaving for home, Barrett even offered to stay_19_as a volunteer.”可知，他最终理解了我的工作的重要意义。故选A。【19题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：儿子巴雷特甚至主动提出要留下来继续当志愿者。A. (stay) in待在里；B. (stay) behind 留下来；C. (stay) out待在外面；D. (stay) away远离，离开。根据下文“My insides suddenl
21、y felt struck.”可知，儿子主动提出留下当志愿者。故选B。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行实现了我的所有期望。A. interview采访；B. flight飞行，航班；C. trip旅行；D. article文章。根据第二段第一句话“Before setting out, I told Barrett this trip would be tiring”可知，作者一直把这次当成一次旅行。故选C。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将
22、该项涂黑。AWhen building houses, people used to think about not only the climate of the areas but also the building materials and the fashions for their houses. However, since electricity became more and more expensive, people began to pay much more attention to the energy they could get for their houses
23、 and the new ways they could find to protect their houses from both cold and heat.Now, houses of an old yet new type have been widely built. In some parts of the world, people share their houses with their livestock(家禽). During cold weather, they gather their cows, goats, or other animals and keep t
24、hem on the first floor of their houses. The reasons are that the animals can be protected from the cold and that they can help to heat the houses as well. The body heat given off by the animals rises to the second floor of the houses, where people live in. By sharing their houses with their livestoc
25、k, people gain a source of heat.People who live in or near cities do not usually keep livestock. However, home builders use the fact that heat rises. This natural law can be used in building houses in these areas. Instead of keeping livestock on the first floor, builders fill it with large rocks. As
26、 they are open to the suns rays during cold weather, these rocks take in heat. They also give off the heat, and, of course, the warm air rises into the living areas of the houses. So these houses are energy-saving.House-building becomes a great challenge to building designers and energy engineers. T
27、hey try to meet this challenge by learning from old traditions and by using modern technology. And someday in the future, people will be able to live in more energy-saving houses.21. What did people begin to consider as electricity was no longer cheap?A. The climate of their areas.B. The fashions fo
28、r their houses.C. The energy for their houses.D. The building materials for their houses.22. The underlined words “natural law” in the third paragraph refer to the fact that .A. heat goes in the upward directionB. heat raises the temperature in the housesC. heat goes up if temperature is raisedD. he
29、at increases the temperature of rocks23. From the passage, we can conclude that .A. people will no longer consider building materials in the futureB. energy- saving buildings will become more popular in the futureC. almost all people will move into the houses heated by large rocksD. energy engineers
30、 will devote themselves only to modern technology【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。以前人们修建房屋的时候，不仅考虑当地的气候，还要考虑建筑材料和时尚。现在，人们正在使旧传统和新技术相结合建造节能型房屋。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“However, since electricity became more and more expensive, people began to pay much more attention to the energy they could get for the
31、ir houses and the new ways they could find to protect their houses from both cold and heat.（但是，电越来越贵，人们开始更多关注为他们的房屋获得能量，以及他们能找到的保护房屋不受冷热影响的新方式。）”由此可知，电不再便宜，人们开始考虑房屋的能量问题。故选C项。【22题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段划线句子的上一句“However, home builders use the fact that heat rises. （但是，房屋建造者可以利用热量上升的这个事实。）”，划线句子“This natural l
32、aw can be used in building houses in these areas.（这个自然法则能被用于这些地方的修建房屋）”由此可知natural law应指代上句的 the fact that heat rises热量上升这一事实，故选A项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“They try to meet this challenge by learning from old traditions and by using modern technology. And someday in the future, people will be able to liv
33、e in more energy-saving houses.（房屋设计师和能量工程师们不断借鉴传统技术和使用新技术，努力满足人们修建房屋的新需求。也许不久的将来，人们能够住进更节能的房子。） ”结合上文，因为能源昂贵，人们建造房屋时，越来越注重节约能源。随着房屋设计师和能量工程师们的努力去满足人们对节能房屋的需求，未来节能房屋将会越来越受欢迎。故选B项。BI think that I always knew I wanted to become an artist. I cant remember a time when I wasnt drawing or painting picture
34、s. My oldest sister and my brother were artistic, and watching them draw fascinated me. They had many different art supplies around the house. Boxes of pastels, little ink bottles and pens were very appealing.My parents and friends soon saw that I had more than a passing interest in art. It came to
35、define much of my image. Relatives gave me art-related birthday gifts. At school I became “the kid who could draw,” a unique distinction, like “brainiest” or “best athlete”.As I got a little older, I began copying pictures: cartoons, comic books, and magazine illustrations.My third-grade class wrote
36、 essays on what we wanted to be when we grew up. To me it was obvious. We read them aloud, and I told about the types of paintings I would some day try. Id have turtles with paintbrushes tied to their backs walking around on a big sheet of paper. Or Id fill squirt guns with different colored paints
37、and shoot at the canvas. I actually tried this with friends! Well, it sounded like a good idea.One of the only discouraging childhood experiences about my artwork happened in the fourth grade. During study time I was drawing a picture. My teacher took it away and wrote an angry note home to my mothe
38、r. “David would rather be drawing pictures than doing his work!” I couldnt believe it, three exclamation points. School “art classes” were pretty uninspiring. Art never seemed to be taken as seriously as other subjects.In the eighth grade, a big career day was held. Months before, we wrote suggestio
39、ns for careers we wanted to hear about. On the big day, guest speakers from many fields came to talk, but there wasnt one that came close to an art-related field.In high school it actually sank in that I was going to be an artist. I already knew. Id always known. My parents were excited about my cho
40、ice, too. As I looked into art schools, I felt like doors were being thrown wide open. Until then my art was a private thing, but at art school I found a place where everyone as “the kid who could draw.”24. The author became interested in art because of _.A. his parents wishB. some schools appealC.
41、his family members influenceD. some experts suggestion25. In the fourth grade, the author _.A. began copying picturesB. drew with squirt gunsC. was discouraged by the teacherD. got suggestions from guest speakers26. From the last paragraph, we can learn that the author _.A. thanked his parents very
42、muchB. went into a new world of artC. was still the only kid who could drawD. stopped learning art finally27. The story inspires people to _.A. stick to their dreamsB. treasure what they haveC. obey the natural rulesD. choose their career earlier【答案】24. C 25. C 26. B 27. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了由于受到家人的影
43、响，作者从小就对画画感兴趣，尽管在四年级时遇到过令自己沮丧的事情，但作者没有放弃，最终进入了自己理想的艺术学校。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“My oldest sister and my brother were artistic, and watching them draw fascinated me.”可知，我姐姐和哥哥都很有艺术天赋，看他们画画让我着迷。由此可推断出，作者对美术产生了兴趣是受家庭成员的影响。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段关键句“One of the only discouraging childhood experiences about
44、 my artwork happened in the fourth grade.”可知，关于我的艺术作品，唯一令人沮丧的童年经历发生在四年级。再结合段落内容可知，作者在四年级时，由于在课上画画，被老师批评了。由此可知 ，在四年级时，老师的行为让作者感到沮丧。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Until then my art was a private thing, but at art school I found a place where everyone as “the kid who could draw.”可知，在去艺术学校之前，我的艺术是私人的事情，但在艺
45、术学校，我找到了一个人人都是“会画画的孩子”的地方。由此可推断出，作者去了艺术学校读书，那里有很多擅长和喜欢画画的人，作者是进入了一个与之前不同的、新的艺术世界。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了由于受到家人的影响，作者从小就对画画感兴趣，尽管在四年级时遇到过令自己沮丧的事情，但作者没有放弃，最终进入了自己理想的艺术学校。根据最后一段关键句“In high school it actually sank in that I was going to be an artist. I already knew. Id always known.”可知，作者一直都想成为一名画家并一直
46、坚持这个梦想，由此可推断出，这个故事主要是激励人们要坚持自己的梦想。故选A项。CPeople tend to become more personal and hide less of themselves when using email. Researchers from Open University in Britain have found in a recent study that there are good reasons for this.The team of researchers asked 83 pairs of students, all strangers to
47、 each other, to solve a problem. They had to discuss this question: If only five people in the world could be saved from a world disaster, who should they be? The pairs of students had to talk over the problem either face to face or by computers. Dr. Johnson said, “They told their partners four time
48、s as much about themselves when they talked over the Internet as when they talked face to face. When the computers were fitted with cameras so that students could see each other, this limited the personal side of the conversation.”Generally the information was not extremely personal. It was mainly a
49、bout things such as where they went to school, or where they used to live. But some students discussed their love stories, and personal childhood experiences.Dr Johnson believes that emailing encourages people to focus on themselves. And when they do this, they become more open, especially if there
50、are no cameras. “If you cannot see the other person, it becomes easier to talk about yourself. This is because you are not thinking what the other person is thinking of you. So emailing has become the modern way of talking,” said Dr. Johnson. However, this style of talking is not entirely new. “In t
51、he 19th century people started to use the telegraph to communicate. Now the same kind of thing has happened and people ended up speaking more freely.”Dr. Johnson thinks that emailers need to know about these effects of emailing, especially when they start work in a company. “ If you dont know about
52、it, you could find yourself saying more about yourself than you wanted to.”28. The subject discussed in this passage is _.A. how people open up when emailingB. how people do research studiesC. how to communicate at workD. how to discuss and solve a problem29. The reason that some couples talked free
53、ly about themselves is that _.A. they didnt talk about very personal thingsB. they couldnt see each otherC. the cameras on the computers were turned onD. they had to discuss a question30. What does the underlined sentence refer to?A. The telegraph.B. The computer.C. Emailing.D. Face-to-face talk.31.
54、 In the writers opinion, one should _.A. focus on oneself when emailingB. talk more freely in emails than usualC. discuss any subject that one wants toD. consider how one uses email at work【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。人们在使用电子邮件时，更多表达自己想要表达的，很少隐藏自己的私人信息，对此短文分析了电子邮件使用者能这么做的理由。【28题详解】主旨大意题。通读
55、全文可知，人们在使用电子邮件时，更多表达自己想要表达的，很少隐藏自己的私人信息，对此短文分析了电子邮件使用者能这么做的理由。所以短文主要是人们在发邮件时如何敞开心扉。故选A项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段They told their partners four times as much about themselves when they talked over the Internet as when they talked face to face. When the computers were fitted with cameras so that students cou
56、ld see each other, this limited the personal side of the conversation.可知，当他们在网上交谈时，他们告诉搭档关于自己的信息是面对面交谈时的四倍。当电脑上安装了摄像头，学生们可以看到彼此，这就限制了谈话的个人方面。所以一些搭档畅所欲言的原因是他们看不见对方。故选B项。【30题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段So emailing has become the modern way of talking.和people ended up speaking more freely.”可知，所以电子邮件已经成为现代的谈话方式。人们说
57、话也更自由了。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出，划线词指的是“电子邮件”。故选C项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Dr. Johnson thinks that emailers need to know about these effects of emailing, especially when they start work in a company. “ If you dont know about it, you could find yourself saying more about yourself than you wanted to.”可知，约翰逊博士认为，发电子邮件
58、的人需要了解电子邮件的这些影响，尤其是当他们开始在一家公司工作的时候。“如果你不知道，你可能会发现自己说了更多关于自己的话，比你想说的还要多。由此判断出，在作者看来，一个人应该考虑一下如何在工作中使用电子邮件。故选D项。DFriends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take friendship for granted, we often dont clearly understand how to make friends. While we get on well with a number of peo
59、ple, we are usually friends with only a very few for example, the average among students is about 6 per person. In all the cases of friendly relationships, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons for their shared inte
60、rests vary greatly. As we get to know people, we take into account things like age, race, economic condition, social position, and intelligence. Although these factors are not of great importance, it is more difficult to get on with people when there is a marked difference in age and background.Some
61、 friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs, the same opinions and interests they often talk about “being on the same wavelength”. It generally takes time to reach this point. And the more intimately involved peo
62、ple become, the more they depend on one another. People who want to be friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to stand differences.In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people. But the supporting and understanding of
63、 each other that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class or race.32. According to the passage, .A friends are those who must share their interestsB. friends are closer than p
64、eople who just get on with each otherC. all the people know how to make friendsD. every student has six friends33. We can learn from the passage that .A. there are no special ceremonies to strengthen friendshipB. friendship can overcome all differences between two peopleC. standing differences in op
65、inion can lead to friendshipD. friendship can be strengthened by smiles and soft voices34. Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage?A. Even friends may have different opinions.B. Someones habits may annoy his friends.C. It generally takes time for people to become close friends.D. Friend
66、s never argue with each other.35. When people talk about “being on the same wavelength”, they mean that they .A. have the same backgroundB. watch the same TV programsC. are the same in all waysD. share the same way of thinking and the same interests【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。朋友在我们的生活中扮演着
67、重要的角色，虽然我们可能认为友谊是理所当然的，但我们经常不清楚如何交朋友。本文主要介绍交朋友的过程和注意事项。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“While we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few for example, the average among students is about 6 per person.(虽然我们和很多人相处得很好，但我们通常只和很少几个人交朋友例如，学生中平均每人约有6个朋友)”可推知，朋友要比那些相处得好的人们更为亲近一些。故
68、选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people.(与婚姻相反，友谊没有仪式来加强两个人之间的联系)”可知，没有什么特殊仪式能加强两人之间的友谊。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Some friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usual for close
69、 friends to have similar ideas and beliefs, the same opinions and interests(一些友好的关系可以通过争论和讨论来维持，但亲密的朋友通常都有相似的想法和信仰，相同的观点和兴趣)”可知，有些朋友之间也会争论，故D选项“朋友之间从不争吵”文中没有暗示。故选D。【35题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Some friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have simila
70、r ideas and beliefs, the same opinions and interests(一些友好的关系可以通过争论和讨论来维持，但亲密的朋友通常都有相似的想法和信仰，相同的观点和兴趣)”可推知，当人们说“on the same wavelength”时，他们的意思是“有共同的想法和爱好”。故选D。第二节 阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答，答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。Viral MarketingCompanies are always on the lookout for new ways
71、 to sell products. Were used to seeing ads in newspapers and on television. In recent years, a new type of ad strategyviral marketing （病毒性营销）has become popular. It uses the Internet to spread information about a product or service.The idea of viral marketing is the “word of mouth” effect, that is, t
72、o get people to recommend a product to others. On the Internet, that can be done by email messages. Or, the information may be posted on forums, blogs, and other websites.Advertisers cant force people to spread their message. So, they must think of creative ways to get people to help out. One good w
73、ay is to give something away. For example, when somebody sends an email using a Hotmail account, theres an ad on the bottom. It tells others how to get a free account. Other companies give away branded screensavers, wallpaper, and sounds. Whenever theyre seen or shared, it advertises the product.Ano
74、ther way is funny and interesting videos. When someone comes across a great ad for BMW, they may send a link to their friends. They may even add the video to a forum or blog. Companies love the effect. It gets more people to watch their ads, visit their websites, and, hopefully, buy their products.U
75、nfortunately, its hard to plan viral marketing activities. There are many ads and websites on the Internet. So, designers and marketers must think up creative new strategies. If something is funny, interesting, or useful enough, people will tell their friends about it. If it includes giving somethin
76、g away, the viral marketing activity may be even more successful.36. What does viral marketing use to spread information? （不多于两个单词）37. What is the idea of viral marketing? （不多于五个单词）38. Write down one of the ways used by viral marketers. （不多于四个单词）39. Why is it hard to plan viral marketing activities?
77、 （不多于十个单词）【答案】36. The Internet. 37. The “word of mouth” effect. 38. Giving something away. / Funny and interesting videos. 39. The activities must be more creative.【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了病毒式营销的理念、营销的方法等。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“It uses the Internet to spread information about a product or service.”可知，病毒式营销是利用互联
78、网传播信息。小题后要求回答不多余两个单词，因此应回答为the Internet。故答案为the Internet。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The idea of viral marketing is the word of mouth effect”可知，病毒式营销的理念是“口碑”效应。小题后要求回答不多余五个单词，因此应回答为the “word of mouth” effect。故答案为the “word of mouth” effect。【38题详解】细节理解题。文章中提到病毒式营销人员营销的方法。第三段中提到“One good way is to give somethi
79、ng away.”，第四段首句提到“Another way is funny and interesting videos.”题目要求写出病毒式营销人员的营销方法之一，回答要不多余四个单词。第一种方法可回答为Giving something away，需用动名词形式；第二种方法可回答为Funny and interesting videos。故答案为Giving something away. / Funny and interesting videos.【39题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“There are many ads and websites on the Internet
80、. So, designers and marketers must think up creative new strategies. （在互联网上有许多广告和网站。因此，设计师和营销人员必须想出创造性的新策略。）”由此判断出，筹划病毒式营销活动很困难是因为活动必须要更有创意，人们才会告诉朋友。小题后要求回答不多余十个单词，可回答为The activities must be more creative。故答案为The activities must be more creative.第四部分：语言知识运用（共四节，52 分）第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，共 14 分）用
81、方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。appropriate decoration origin graduate attach whisper surround40. Every year, the Tiananmen Square_with flowers on National Day.41. The party is for students to celebrate their_with their family and friends.42. To be honest, he is a person who_great importance to becoming
82、rich and famous.43. She was_by so many strangers, and she felt scared and started crying.44. James leaned over and_something to Michael.45. My advice is to dress_.46. Throughout history, some of the_customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival has largely been kept.【答案】40. is decorated 41. g
83、raduation 42. attaches 43. surrounded 44. whispered 45. appropriately 46. original【解析】【详解】1. 考查时态和语态。句意：每年，国庆节这一天，天安门广场被鲜花装饰。分析句子可知，空处缺少谓语动词，decoration的动词decorate“装饰”符合题意，根据时间状语every year，可知用一般现在时态，且主语the Tiananmen Square与decorate之间是被动关系，主语是第三人称单数，故填is decorated。2. 考查名词。句意：这个聚会是为了让学生和家人朋友们一起庆祝毕业。此空放
84、在形容词性物主代词their后，用名词形式和their一起作celebrate的宾语，graduate的名词形式graduation“毕业”符合题意，故填graduation。3. 考查时态。句意：说实话，他是一个认为富有和成名很重要的人。分析句子可知，此空用动词做定语从句中的谓语，attach great importance to“认为.很重要”，切合题意。结合语境，此空用一般现在时态，who代替先行词a person，为第三人称单数，故填attaches。4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：被很多陌生人围住，她感到害怕，开始哭了起来。分析句子可知，此处用过去分词形式放在was后，构成被动语态，充
85、当谓语动词，动词surround“包围；围住”切合题意，故填surrounded。5. 考查时态。句意：James俯身和Michael窃窃私语。分析句子可知，此空用动词一般过去时和leaned作并列的谓语动词，动词whisper“私语；低语”切合题意，故填whispered。6. 考查副词。句意：我的建议是穿着要得体。此处用副词修饰动词dress，形容词appropriate的副词appropriately“适当地；合适地”切合题意，故填appropriately。7. 考查形容词。句意：纵观历史，最初的一些习俗已经改变，但是节日的精神很大程度上被保留下来。此空应用形容词作名词customs的
86、定语，名词origin的形容词original“最初的；原来的”切合题意，故填original。第二节 用所给词的正确形式填空 (共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，共 10 分)47. His host mother did many_before the festival including cleaning the house. (prepare)（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】preparations【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他的房东妈妈在节日前做了包括打扫房间在内的很多准备工作。此空出现在many后应该用可数名词复数形式，和many一起作did的宾语，preparations“准备
87、工作”，符合句意，故填preparations。48. In many countries people let off fireworks_their traditional festival. (celebrate) （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】to celebrate【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：在很多国家，人们燃放烟花来庆祝他们的传统节日。根据句意可知，人们燃放烟花的目的是庆祝传统节日，所以应该用不定式做目的状语。故填to celebrate。49. The grand sight of Mount Tai is beyond_. (describe) （所给词的适当形式填
88、空）【答案】description【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：泰山的壮观景象是无法形容的。此处作宾语，应用名词description，短语beyond description“无法形容”。故填description。50. The development of modern technology has made communication_than ever before. (convenience) （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】more convenient【解析】【详解】考查比较级。句意：现代技术的发展使通讯比以往任何时候都方便。由比较级的标志than可知，此处用形容词比较级，c
89、onvenient多音节单词，用more convenient。故填more convenient。51. The beautiful island is a place_attracts many people to go to travel. （用适当的词填空）【答案】that/which【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个美丽的岛屿吸引了很多人去旅游。此处为定语从句修饰先行词place，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。52. So far, the moon_by man already. (visit) （所给词的适当形
90、式填空）【答案】has been visited【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，人类已经探访过月球了。时间状语so far常和现在完成时态连用，且the moon和visit之间是被动关系，且主语the moon是第三人称单数，故填has been visited。53. The company_name was Notco was in Australia. （用适当的词填空）【答案】whose【解析】【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：那家名叫Notco的公司在澳大利亚。The companyname was Notco 是定语从句，先行词The company与从句主语n
91、ame是所属关系，构成“The companys name”，此空在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose。故填whose。54. _with his entire family is the most important part of Spring Festival for him. (be) （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】Being【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：对他来说，和全家人在一起是春节最重要的部分。根据句子结构，_ with his entire family是本句的主语，此处需要用动名词作主语，故填Being。55. The audience was_at his show o
92、f sportsmanship and cheered and clapped for the cyclists. (amaze) （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】amazed【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：观众对于他所展示出的体育精神大为惊奇，他们为自行车运动员欢呼和鼓掌。be amazed at“对感到惊奇”，所以此空用形容词amazed，在此作表语。故填amazed。56. Chris threw back his head and laughed_. (merry) （所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】merrily【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：克里斯开心地仰天大笑。 根据句意可知，这
93、里指的是克里斯开心地笑，所以应该用副词来修饰前面的动词laughed。故填merrily。第三节 翻译句子（共5小题，1-2题，每题2分，3-5题，每题3分，共13分）57. 当地俱乐部正努力来吸引更多的年轻人。 (make an effort to do)（汉译英）【答案】Local clubs are making an effort to attract more young people【解析】【详解】考查不定式和时态。表示“当地俱乐部”用local club表示，此处不止一个俱乐部，需要用复数形式，即local clubs。表示“努力做某事”用固定搭配make an effort t
94、o do sth，此处表示正努力，是描述现阶段发生的动作，需要用现在进行时。表示“吸引”用attract，表示“更多的年轻人”用more young people。结合句子其他部分，故翻译成Local clubs are making an effort to attract more young people.58. 阅读在人的成长过程中起着重要的作用。 (play a major role in) （汉译英）【答案】Reading plays a major role in ones growth.【解析】【详解】考查动名词、时态和固定搭配。由句意可知，讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，动名词
95、Reading作主语，谓语用单数形式，固定搭配play a major role in（在中起主要作用）；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：Reading plays a major role in ones growth.。59. 热爱旅游的人往往会更快乐。 (tend to) （汉译英）【答案】People who love traveling tend to be happier.【解析】【详解】考查定语从句、短语和时态。此处为定语从句修饰先行词people，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who引导，谓语动词love与people保持一致，时态为一般现在时；表示“热爱做某事”短语为
96、love doing sth.；表示“往往”可用短语tend to do sth.；表示“更快乐”应用比较级happier。句子应用一般现在时。故翻译为People who love traveling tend to be happier.60. 感谢主人邀请你，是非常有礼貌的。(thank sb. for doing) （汉译英）【答案】Its polite to thank the host for inviting you.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语、形式主语和时态。此处为句型“it be polite to do sth.”，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语；表示“因某事感谢某人”
97、短语为thank sb. for doing，后跟动名词inviting，作宾语。句子用一般现在时。故翻译为Its polite to thank the host for inviting you.61. 爷爷的老朋友们出现在他的眼前并且为他唱生日歌，这是整个派对的高潮。(The best part came when) （汉译英）【答案】The best part of the party came when Grandpas old friends appeared in front of his eyes and sang the birthday song for him.【解析】【
98、详解】考查时间状语从句。本句主语是Grandpas old friends ，表示“出现”用appear，此处是描述过去发生的事情，需要一般过去时，即appeared。表示“在他的眼前”用in front of his eyes。本句参考句式The best part came when表示“最好的部分到来了当.”，用来引导时间状语从句。结合句子其他部分，故翻译成The best part of the party came when Grandpas old friends appeared in front of his eyes and sang the birthday song fo
99、r him.第四节 书面表达（15 分）62. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友 Chris 来信询问有关垃圾分类的情况。请给他回邮件介绍你所在社区开展垃圾分类的情况。内容包括：1. 垃圾如何分类；2. 垃圾分类过程中遇到的问题；3. 询问对方的垃圾分类做法注意：1. 词数不少于 80；2. 适当增减细节，使文章连贯；3. 开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数。【答案】Dear Chris,Im glad to hear from you. In your letter, you asked me about garbage sorting in our community. Now Il
100、l give you a brief introduction about it.In order to have a better impact on the environment, our community began to carry out garbage sorting activities last year. Garbage sorting is the separation of kitchen waste from ordinary waste and useful garbage. Fruit shells, vegetable leaves, leftovers, e
101、tc.in the kitchen are collected in green plastic containers. Garbage like paper, plastics, glass, fabrics and metals are collected in blue plastic containers. Toxic and harmful garbage like end-of-life batteries are collected in red plastic containers. Other garbage are collected in gray or yellow p
102、lastic containers. However, some residents did not develop such a habit at the very beginning, so a guide was employed to stand by the trash can and gave guidance. In the past year, the work of garbage classification has achieved good results.Do you have any garbage sorting policies in your communit
103、y? How do you deal with kitchen waste? Im looking forward to your reply.Yours, Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给朋友介绍所在社区开展垃圾分类的情况【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和现在完成时,少量一般过去时。结构：总分法要求：1. 垃圾如何分类；2. 垃圾分类过程中遇到的问题；3. 询问对方的垃圾分类做法第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） have a better impact on; carry out; plastic containers; end-
104、of-life; develop a habit; stand by; garbage classification第三步：连词成句1. In order to have a better impact on the environment, our community began to carry out garbage sorting activities last year.2. Fruit shells, vegetable leaves, leftovers, etc.in the kitchen are collected in green plastic containers 3
105、. Toxic and harmful garbage like end-of-life batteries are collected in red plastic containers 4. some residents did not develop such a habit at the very beginning, so a guide was employed to stand by the trash can and gave guidance.5. the work of garbage classification has achieved good results.根据提
106、示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】高分句型1In order to have a better impact on the environment, our community
107、 began to carry out garbage sorting activities last year. 为了对环境有更好的影响，我们社区从去年开始开展垃圾分类活动。in order to do sth表示“为了做某事”，此处是不定式做目的状语。高分句型2some residents did not develop such a habit at the very beginning, so a guide was employed to stand by the trash can and gave guidance. 有些居民一开始没有养成这样的习惯，于是就雇了一名导游站在垃圾桶旁指导。本句so表示结果，连接前后句。
