1、Section Learning about Language&Using Language原文呈现STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTSWhat is standard English?Is it spoken in Britain,the US,Canada,Australia,India and New Zealand?Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is sta
2、ndard English.This is because in the early days of radio,those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.However,on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.When people use words and expressions10 different from the“standard language”，it is called a dia
3、lect.American English has many dialects,especially the midwestern ，southern，African American and Spanish dialects.Even in some parts of the USA,two people from neighbouring towns speak a little differently.American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world.读文清障sta
4、ndard adj.标准的；普通的 n.标准；规格believe it or not 信不信由你such adj.如此的；这样的as 表示“像一样”on TV 在电视上过去分词短语 spoken on TV and the radio 作后置定语，修饰the English。who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 those。expect vt.盼望；预期；预料people speak 为定语从句，修饰 the way。省略了作状语的引导词 that/in which。10 expression Ikspren n词语；表示；表达形容词短语 different from the“standard l
5、anguage”作后置定语，修饰其前面的 words and expressions。dialect daIlekt n方言midwestern mIdwestn adj.中西部的；有中西部特性的southern adj.南方的；南部的neighbouring adj.附近的；毗邻的(只作前置定语)all over 遍及；到处标准英语和方言第 12 段译文什么是标准英语？是英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度和新西兰人所说的英语吗？信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。许多人认为，电视上和收音机里(播音员)所说的就是标准英语。这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员英语说得很好。然而，在
6、电视和收音机里，你也会听出人们的说话方式是有差别的。当人们用不同于“标准语言”的单词和表达方式时，那种语言就被称为方言。美式英语有许多方言，特别是中西部和南部地区的方言，以及美国黑人和西班牙人的方言。甚至在美国的一些地区，相邻两个城镇的人所说的方言也稍有不同。美式英语之所以有这么多的方言是因为那里的人来自世界各地。Geography also plays a part in making dialects.Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English di
7、alect.When Americans moved from one place to another,they took their dialects with them.So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as21 people in the northwestern22 USA.The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken23.Although many
8、 Americans move a lot,they still recognize24 and understand each others dialects.play a part(in)扮演一个角色；参与who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 Some people。eastern istn adj.东方的；东部的southeastern saistn adj.东南方的；来自东南的21 the same.as.和一样的22 northwestern nwestn adj.西北方的；来自西北的23 in which 引导定语从句，从句修饰 a large country。24 recognize
9、 reknaIz vt.辨认出；承认；公认第 3 段译文 地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。住在美国东部山区的一些人就说着一种比较古老的英语方言。当美国人从一个地方搬到另一个地方时，他们也就把他们的方言带了过去。因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部地区的人所说的方言几乎是一样的。美国是一个使用多种不同方言的大国。虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但是他们仍然能够辨别并且理解彼此的方言。Choose the best answers according to the text.1Standard English is spoken _.Ain Britain Bin the USCin the city Di
10、n no place2The British speak _.Aexcellent English BdialectCstandard English DBritish English3_ is called a dialect.ANative languageBThe language using words or expressions different from the“standard language”CExcellent English DThe language spoken in the midwest4American English has so many dialect
11、s because _.Apeople have come from all over the worldBthe US is made up of so many statesCAmericans move from one place to anotherDthe US is a large country5As many Americans move a lot,they _.Achange their dialectsBtake their dialects with themCdont speak their dialectsDdont recognize each others d
12、ialects答案：15 DDBAB.单词拼写1Apart from English,he has a good (掌握)of Russian.2It was the (闪电)that caused the forest fire last year.3The heating system in this (街区)doesnt work well.4The Smiths have lived in London for ten years,so they speak with a London(口音)5Workers made a (请求)that working conditions sho
13、uld be improved as soon as possible.6Sometimes Beth didnt even (辨认)her mandlightningblockaccentrequestrecognize.拓展词汇1express v表达；表示n词语；表示；表达2vt.辨认出；承认；公认recognition n认出；承认3east n东方；东部地区adj.东方的；东部的4adv.直接；挺直 adj.直的；笔直的；正直的straightness n笔直；率直5adj.西班牙的；西班牙人(语)的 n西班牙人；西班牙语Spain n西班牙6n使用；用法；词语惯用法use v用，使
14、用expressionrecognizeeasternstraightSpanishusage巧记单词派生词expressionexpressioneasterneasternrecognitionrecognizetion.补全短语1believe or not 信不信由你2 all over the world 来自世界各地3play a (in)扮演一个角色；参与4build 建立；增进(健康)5the same.和相同6take note注意；记下itfrompartupasof1教材原句 Believe it or not,there is no such thing as stan
15、dard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。句型点拨 no such.(as.)“没有(像)这样的”。佳句赏析 There is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.天下没有免费的午餐。2教材原句 This is because in the early days of radio,those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。句型点拨 This/That/It
16、is because.“这是/那是因为”；because 引导表语从句。佳句赏析 I know that it is because I dont spend much time memorizing them after class.我知道是因为我在课后没有花大量时间记忆它们。3 教 材 原 句 So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect aspeople in the northwestern USA.因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部的人所说的方言就几乎相
17、同。句型点拨 the same.as.“和一样”。佳句赏析 I am facing the same problem as you did years ago.我正面临几年前你所面临的问题。1Can you find the following command and request from Reading？(P12)你能从“阅读”中找到下列的命令和要求吗？command nC命令；指令；U掌握 vt.命令，指挥；支配；博得；赢得(1)at sb.s command 听某人支配under the command ofunder ones command由指挥；由控制take command
18、of 控制be in command of 掌握；控制have a good command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)(2)command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事command that.(should)do sth.命令Besides,I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.另外，我的英语掌握得很好，被选为英语老师的助手。Im your command what would you like me to do?我听从你的吩咐你要我
19、做什么？他命令我们一个小时内完成这项工作。(一句多译)He commanded that.He commanded us.atwe(should)finish the work in an hourto finish the work in an hourrequest n.&vt.请求；要求(1)make a request/requests for.请求；要求at sb.s request at the request of sb.应某人之要求by request 应邀(2)request sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事request sth.from/of sb.向某人要求某物
20、request that.(should)do sth.请求It is requested that.(should)do sth.据要求 He came to attend the party at her request/at the request of her.他应她的邀请来参加宴会。The fans requested them some personal information about the star.歌迷向他们索取了一些有关这位明星的个人信息。My parents requested that I should learn a second foreign language
21、.My parents a second foreign language.我父母要求我再学一门外语。from/ofrequested me to learnIt is requested that all the articles (relate)to the students life.据要求所有的文章要与学生的生活有关。点津 有些动词后面跟从句时，从句谓语用(should)do/be done，常见的有：(should)be related2Geography also plays a part in making dialects.(P13)地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。play a
22、part(in)扮演一个角色；参与play a part inplay a role in 在中扮演一个角色；在方面起作用play the part/role of(角色名)扮演的角色Computers play an important part in modern life.计算机在现代生活中起着重要作用。The famous actor played the part a policeman in the play.那位著名演员在戏中扮演警察的角色。of3Although many Americans move a lot,they still recognize and underst
23、and each others dialects.(P13)虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认be recognized to be/as.被认作/被认为是recognize that.认识到/承认It is recognized that.人们公认Acid rain is recognized to be one of the most serious global environmental problems.酸雨被认为是全球最严重的环境问题之一。People recognize that the sports meet
24、ing is a great success.the sports meeting is a great success.人们公认这次运动会十分成功。It is recognized that1 Believe it or not,there is no such thing as standard English.(P13)信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。there is no such.(as.)there is no such.(as.)是固定句式，表示“(世界上)没有(像)这样的”。句中“no such单数名词”意为“没有这样的”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not s
25、uch a/an单数名词”；as 在此为介词。There is no such(not such a)man in our neighborhood.我们的居民区没有这样的人。It may help you to know that a perfect speech.它能帮助你认识到根本就没有完美的演讲。there is no such thing as点津such 还可用于以下几种结构：(1)suchanadj.单数名词adj.复数名词adj.不可数名词that.，that引导结果状语从句(2)such.as.“像这样的”，as 在句中引导定语从句。It is an interesting
26、book we all like it.这本书很有趣，我们都喜欢读。It is a beautiful park everyone wants to visit.这是一个人人都想去参观的美丽的公园。suchthatsuchas2This is because in the early days of radio,those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.(P13)这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。This/That/It is because.This/That/
27、It is because.意为“这/那是因为”。because在这个句型中引导表语从句，表示原因。You have made rapid progress;this is because he helps you a lot.你进步很快，这是因为他帮助你很多。This/That/It is why.“这/那就是的原因”，why 引导的表语从句表示结果。The reason why.is that.“原因是”，that 引导的表语从句表示原因，不可换成 because。对比填空(because/why/that)Ive got a cold;that is I wouldnt like to
28、go out.I wouldnt like to go out;this is Ive got a cold.The reason why he didnt pass the exam was he had never studied hard.whybecausethat课时跟踪检测_.单句语法填空1If you have good command of foreign languages,youll have no difficulty working in this company.2I requested that he (leave)for the airport an hour e
29、arlier.3There is no such thing “slimming”food in the world.4He missed the first bus and that was he got up late this morning.5It was something to do with the part electricity (play)in our life.a(should)leavebecauseasplays6Although they knew each other very well,they didnt(recognition)each other at f
30、irst sight.7Li Ming is second to none in English in our class.Believe or not,he was caught cheating in the last exam.8One should speak clearly and it is the same writing.9We send messages to people around us through facial (express)and body movements.10I take exercise to build my strength.recognizei
31、twithexpressionsup11This is the same book I lost last week.12This is the way he thought of (solve)these problems.13 we know,China is different from Australia in climate.14A detective is trained to take note people and things.15People all the world were anxious to have peace.thatto solveAsofover.完成句子
32、1 you are playing an important part in your family.这是因为你在你的家庭中起着重要作用。2As a matter of fact,the teachers the study and life of the students.事实上，老师在学生的学习和生活中起着重要的作用。3She had changed so much that I.她变化如此大，以至于我简直认不出来了。4There in our class.我们班里没有这样的学生。This is becauseplay an important part incould hardly re
33、cognize heris no such student.一句多译1老板命令他的员工在天黑之前不能离开办公室。The boss commanded that his workers their office before dark.The boss commanded his workers their office before dark.2要求学生对考试做好充分的准备。the students be well prepared for the exam.The students be well prepared for the exam.(should)not leavenot to leaveIt is requested thatare requested to3“闪电”博尔特被公认为短跑天才。Lightning Bolta genius for dash.Lightning Bolt is a genius for dash.is recognized to be/asIt is recognized that “课时跟踪检测”见“Unit 2 课时跟踪检测（三）”(单击进入电子文档)谢谢 观 看
