1、M6U3 Understanding each otherPeriod Learning notes for Welcome to the unit & Reading【Learning goals】1. Learning some new words: difference; suppose; congratulate; permit; familiar; adjust; accustomed2. Learning some new expressions: take off; take up3. Learning some sentence patterns: Why dont you?;
2、 虚拟语气；动名词作主语；have trouble (in) doing sth.【Language focus】词汇-1. difference n. 【教材原句】Can you tell me about some cultural differences you have found?(P34)【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意difference的意义和搭配(1)I can never tell the difference between the twins. (2)The rain didnt make much difference to the game. (3)Your a
3、ge should make no difference to whether you get the job or not. (4)Changing jobs made a big difference to my life. 【自主归纳】词性变化 difference(n.) adj. 不同的，有区别的；有差异的 v. 不同于熟记下列词组：make no difference (to sb./sth.) 对某人/某事不重要、不要紧make some difference (to sb./sth) 对某人/某事有些作用或影响tell the difference between A and
4、B说出A和B的不同之处 A differ from B=A and B differ from each other=A be different from BA不同于B/ A与B不同 完成下列句子（一句多译）：在这方面法语和英语不同。 in this aspect.【即时巩固】(1)It wont make much _ whether you agree or not.A. difficultyB. troubleC. differenceD. matter(2)The two birds _ each other in shape and color. So I cant tell th
5、e _between themA. are different from; differentB. differ from ; different C. different from ; difference D. differ from ;difference(3)Chinese English greatly not only in pronunciation but also in spelling. A. differing from B. different from C. differs from D. is differ from 词汇-2. suppose v.【教材原句】Ro
6、osters are supposed to drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony, and hens are thought to ensure good luck for the marriage.(P34)【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意suppose的意义和搭配(1)The game was not as one-sided as we had supposed. (2)We have no reason to suppose that he has done anything illegal. (3)You are su
7、pposed to make a copy of the contract before you mail it. (4)The restaurant is generally supposed to make excellent dishes. (5)I dont suppose you know her telephone number. (6)I think their new building is really impressive.Well, I suppose so. (7)Suppose the little girl to be your daughter, what wou
8、ld you do? (8)Suppose/Supposing (that)you won the lottery, what would you do ? 【自主归纳】句型转换（suppose的重点用法） (1) All of his friends will suppose her to be his wife. All of his friends she is his wife.(2)If you had one million dollars, what would you do ? one million dollars, what would you do?(3) Rooster
9、s are thought to drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremonyRoosters drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony.(4)We should have helped each other. We help each other.【即时巩固】(1)The meeting take place on Tuesday, but we had to postpone it. A. supposed toB. mustC. was supposed toD. was supp
10、osing to(2)Will she join us in the competition tomorrow?No, .A. I think soB. I dont hope soC.Believe it or notD. I suppose not词汇-3. congratulate v. 【教材原句】During the ceremony, the hen laid an egg, and everyone congratulated the new couple because it was considered very lucky.(P34)【例句研读】翻译下列句子，注意congr
11、atulate的搭配(1)I congratulate you on your great discovery.(2)I want to congratulate you with all my heart. (3)He congratulated himself on having survived the air-crash. 【自主归纳】辨析congratulate与celebratecongratulate表示“向某人表示祝贺，向某人道喜”，其宾语是sb.，可构成短语congratulate sb. on (doing)sth.。其名词congratulation（常用复数形式）可构成
12、短语 congratulations to sb. on sth./doing；celebrate表示“庆祝”时，宾语是sth.。其名词celebration可构成短语in celebration of 意为“（为了）庆祝”。用上述两词填空（注意形式的变化）(1)Last week we held a party to our success.(2)We him on having passed the exam. (3)The party was in of Mothers silver wedding.(4) to you on entering Beijing university.【即
13、时巩固】(1)Famous physicists from all over the world came to the US to _the centennial of Einsteins birth. A. observe B. congratulate C. celebrate D. keep(2)When the Chinese team won the match, many football fans organized different activities _ the success. A. to congratulate B. celebrated C. to expres
14、s congratulations D. in celebration of 词汇-4. permit v. & n.【教材原句】Another difference is that while we serve food, soft drinks, tea and coffee, alcohol is not permitted at the wedding receptionin fact, alcohol is altogether prohibited in Brunei.(P34)【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意permit的词性（形）变化、意义和搭配 (1)The police
15、man permitted him to park there. (2)He doesnt permit smoking in his room. (3)If time permits, I will go to meet you. (4)Time permitting, I will go to meet you. (5)You cant hunt for animals without a hunting permit. (6)He entered the office without permission. 【自主归纳】译出下列词组 允许某人做某事 （某人）被允许做某事 允许做某事 被允
16、许做某事 【即时巩固】(1)Weather , well go for a picnic tomorrow. A. promisingB. permitsC. allowedD. permitting(2)What did the librarian _ out of the library? A. permit to takeB. forbid to be taken C. allow to takeD. insist being taken(3)I dont allow _ in my office and I dont allow my family _ at all. A. to sm
17、oke; smoking B. smoking; to smoke C. to smoke; to smoke D. smoking; smoking(4)Passengers are permitted _ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried词汇-5. familiar adj.【教材原句】For example, I have fond childhood memories of Bonfire Night, but m
18、y American friends are not familiar with that particular festival.(P35)【例句研读】翻译下列句子，注意familiar的意义和搭配(1)Are you familiar with these details? (2)His voice on the phone sounded familiar to me.(3)Hes familiar with me so he often greets me by my first names in a familiar way.【自主归纳】选用下列词组填空(be) familiar w
19、ith对熟悉（指前者对后者的熟悉）(be) familiar to为所熟悉（指后者对前者的熟悉）(be/become) popular with/among受欢迎的(be) particular about对讲究/挑剔(1)The nurse little children.(2)His name us. (3)We his name. (4)Chinese food is Americans.(5)She is fond of dressing up herself so she her clothes.(6)Upon arriving there, he was astonished to
20、 find every place him.【即时巩固】(1)The only one in our office that is_ the new system is Jimmy, in whose absence, we had no choice but to wait. A. familiar to B. popular with C. popular to D. familiar with(2)Everyone can sing this song. It means this song is_ people.A. familiar with B. popular with C. p
21、opular forD. familiar for(3)She has already tried her best. Please dont be to _ about her job.A. popularB. responsibleC. familiar D. particular词汇-6. adjust vi.& vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节 【教材原句】Its quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that. (P35)【例句研读】翻译句子（1）He wants to do wel
22、l in his studies and adjust to the new culture._（2）These desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child._（3）If fate does not adjust itself to you, you should make an adjustment to fate._【自主归纳】翻译下列短语(1)adjust to (doing) sth. _adjust .to . _adjust oneself to (doing) sth._(2)adjustment n. _
23、make an adjustment _词汇-7. accustomed adj.习惯于；惯常的 【教材原句】Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it. （P35）【例句研读】翻译句子（1）Most developed nations have become dependent on digital technology simply because theyve grown accustomed to it._（2）No one wishes to deal with a person who is accustomed to
24、 breaking his word._（3）It shouldnt take long to accustom your students to working in groups._【自主归纳】翻译下列短语(1)get/become/grow/be accustomed (used) to (doing) sth._(2)accustom vt._accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth. _词汇-8. take off和take up【教材原句】(1)Another thing is, if you came to Brunei ,you would hav
25、e to take off our shoes before going into someones house.(P35)(2)I have no idea what he will do with them all and it took up a lot of time. (P42)【例句研读】译出划线部分，注意take off在句中的意义 (1)He took off his clothes and got into the bath. (2)The plane takes off at 8:30 a.m. (3) Her singing career has just begun t
26、o take off. (4)He took two weeks off in August. 【例句研读】译出划线部分，注意take up在句中的意义(1)He took up smoking when he was at school. (2)Alfred has just taken up playing the guitar. (3)Taking outdoor exercise will take up too much of your time. (4)These boxes of yours are taking up too much space. (5)No one took
27、 up my suggestion. (6)Mrs. Pankhurst took up the cause of womens rights. (7)They took up arms and fought for their faith and freedom. 【自主归纳】根据汉语用take所构成的词组填空（注意动词形式的变化）(1)Who was it that my English-Chinese dictionary?是谁拿走了我的英汉词典？ (2)The club a new member last week.俱乐部上星期又吸收了一名新会员。 (3)I forgot to his
28、 telephone number.我忘了记下他的电话号码。(4)The insect can the color of its surroundings. 这种昆虫能随环境而变色。(5)My father is me to a show tonight.我父亲今天晚上要带我去看表演。(6)George will his fathers business soon.乔治很快就要接管他父亲的事业了。(7)You should to play computer games.我们应该轮流玩电脑游戏。【即时巩固】(1)We tried to find a table for seven, but th
29、ey were all . A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up(2)This was the moment when Jacksons career really . A. took awayB. took inC. took upD. took off句型-1.【教材原句】Waled, why dont you tell her about the British teacher who opened the present as soon as he received it at the end-of-term ceremon
30、y.(P34) 【句法分析】本句中 “why dont you do sth.?”句型的句法功能是表示“建议 ”；另一种表达方式为“Why not do sth?”，而Why not?作为答语时表示“赞同”。【即时巩固】 (1) How about putting some pictures into the report? A picture is worth a thousand words.A. No way. B. Why not? C. All right? D. No matter.(2)Since you like the car so much,_ it back?A. why
31、 driveB. why wont driveC. why not drive D. why to drive句型-2.【教材原句】And you probably wouldnt get much sleep if you lived near where a wedding reception was being held.(P34) 【语法分析】句中“wouldnt get much sleep if you lived”用了“if虚拟条件句”。if虚拟条件句主从句谓语动词的构成情 况从句谓语动词的构成主句谓语动词的构成与现在事实相反过去式（be用were）should/would/co
32、uld/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词should/would/could/might +have+过去分词与将来事实相反过去式should+动词原形were+不定式should/would/could/might+动词原形【即时巩固】(1)If there were no subjunctive mood, English _ much easier. A. will be B. would have been C. could have been D. would be(2)If it _ tomorrow, we_ put off the visit to the Y
33、angpu Bridge. A. rains; would have had to B. were to rain; will have to C. should rain; would have to D. rained; should have had to (3)_for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A. If it is not B. If it were not C. If it had not been D. If they were not句型-3.【教材原句】After all,
34、learning about cultural differences is a good a way to understand more about each other.(P35) 【句法分析】本句中用“learning about cultural differences”动名词短语作主语，在这种情况下，一要注意分析句子结构；二要注意主谓一致。【即时巩固】(1) in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience. A. Caught B. Having caught C. Being caught D. To catch(
35、2) What made him embarrassed?A. Being late again B. For being late again C. Be late again D. So as to be late again句型-4.【教材原句】Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it. (P35)【句法分析】have (there is) trouble (in) doing sth. 意为“做某事有困难”；trouble为不可数名词，前面可加修饰词much, little, no等。trouble可换用difficul
36、ty(不可数名词)；若trouble后跟名词，介词in换成with。【即时巩固】翻译句子（1）Not having got enough hands, we had great difficulty in carrying out the task._（2）Tom and his father had trouble with Chinese customs and culture during the travel._（3）You can hardly imagine the difficulty we had (in) solving the problem._【联想归纳】 与have t
37、rouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.类似的结构还有： 做某事有困难find some / great / no / little difficulty in doing sth.发现在做某事方面有些/很大/没有/几乎没有困难【Feedback】I. 单项填空1.During the flight to the Moon, Change I Satellite gradually_ her directions so that she can go into her programmed orbit.A. acceptsB. adoptsC. adjustsD. a
38、dapts2.The UN is the international organization which _ all countries to settle any conflicts between two countries. A .lose power overB. has power overC. seize the power ofD. come into power of3. What about this car, sir?_the high price, the design is not very satisfying. I think we will have a loo
39、k at another one.A. But B. ExceptC. Apart from D. Except for4.What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has_？A. given out B. put out C. held up D. used up5. We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party. Yes, _ ? Ill give them a call right now.A. why not B. what for C. w
40、hy D. what6.The village is a very different place it was when I was a boy and there are many the view of the villagersA. from what; differences from B. from what; differences inC. from that; differences from D. from that; differences in7.On October 1st every year all the Chinese people hold great pa
41、rties the birthday of New China. A. in celebration ofB. in memory ofC. in favor ofD. in praise of8.If you, I would go with him to the party. A. I am B. I had been C. I will be D. I were 9.If I your letter, I would have written back two days ago. A. received B. should receive C. had received D. could
42、 have received10. If it rain next week, the farmers could still have a good harvest. A. should B. could C. would D. mightII. 根据方框内所给短语的适当形式完成句子show around be supposed to driveaway adjust totake off be familiar with meet with gets accustomed to 1.Having lived in the countryside for so many years, my
43、grandparents find it hard _ the city life. 2. In 1944, he met Edith Piaf, and from then on his career .3.When we got there, he _us _their village warmly.4.Please drive the dog away while the child is asleep. 5.The meeting _ take place on Tuesday, but weve had to postpone it till next Monday.6.I wonder why on earth you dont know the bare fact, which I think every schoolboy_. 7.She _sleeping with windows open in summer.8.There were people at the entrance leaflets.
