1、 (一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高.阅读词汇读懂默想下面单词的含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。1.quote n2.abstract adj.3.cable n. 4.literally adv.5.animation n. 6.ethnic adj., 自主核对区1引文；引语 2.抽象的3电缆 4.根据字面意思5动画片 6.民族的.核心词汇练通 辨词义写词形1tale n 故事2wire n. 金属丝；电线3princess n. 公主4motion n. 动；运动5contrast n. 反差，对比入语境重活用1(2019全国卷)This new trend(趋势) of n
2、ewspapers for “the man on the street” did not begin well.2(全国卷)Visiting this exhibition, we will not only enjoy the folk(民间的) art works, but also learn a lot.3When the students on the playground saw the colorful balloons floating(漂浮) in the sky, they became excited.拓展词汇用活1compose vt.作(曲)；创作composer
3、n创作者；作曲者；作曲家composition n作文；作曲；写作2innovative adj.新颖的；创新的innovation n革新；创新innovate v革新；创新3distinct adj.清晰的；明显不同的distinction n差别；区分distinctly adv.明显地；无疑地语境活用用所给词的适当形式填空1The company has been innovating since the last century, and the innovation has brought great economic benefits to the company.(innova
4、te)2We distinctly know this: some of our friends have many distinctions in some ways.(distinct)(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高单元短语再现1set.in motion 使开始2on display 在展出3. pass down 流传，世代相传4come to life 复活，恢复生机5be known as. 作为而出名6bring out 使显现；出版7apart from. 除了还有8serve as. 充当9check out 核查，核实；退房10light up 点亮语境活用选用
5、左栏短语填空1(2020新高考山东卷)Often，only a small part of a museums collection is on displayMost of it is stored away or used for research.2(天津卷)The landscape，beautiful on its own，somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.3(天津卷)Apart from my academic studies, I always manage to f
6、ind time for what Im interested in.4(江苏卷)Working with the medical team in Africa has brought out the best in her as a doctor.5Im going to check out tomorrow but will be back in a weeks time.Can I leave my luggage here?会积累(日积月累，联想发散)1.不一样的“音乐人”composer n作曲者；创作者musician n. 音乐家pianist n. 钢琴家conductor n
7、. (乐队等的)指挥singer n. 歌唱家2.“明显的”大集合distinct adj.明显不同的evident adj. 明显的obvious adj. 明显的，显然的apparent adj. 显而易见的 (三)重点句型仿写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高背佳句明句型巧仿写Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist, whose large sculptures are on display all over the world.弗洛伦泰因霍夫曼是一位荷兰艺术家，他的大型雕塑作品在全世界展出。whose引导定语从句1.(2020全国卷)在中国古代有一位画家，他的画几
8、乎栩栩如生。In ancient China lived an artist whose paintings were almost lifelike.Since his first opera, Nine Songs, Tan Dun has been using a combination of Chinese music and sounds from all over the world to tell stories.从他的第一部歌剧九歌开始，谭盾就一直将中国音乐和来自世界各地的声音结合起来讲故事。现在完成进行时2.(2020全国卷)很难确切地说到底有多少人同意他的观点，但研究表明，
9、这些数字已经上升了一段时间。Its hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him，but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.It wasnt until we went on a trip to The Hague last year that this dream came true!直到去年我们去海牙旅行才梦想成真！“It wasnt until.that.”意为“直到才”3.(江苏卷改编)直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区发展与旅游相关的
10、活动。It was not until recently that they encouraged the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas. folkadj.民间的；民俗的n人们；家人；大伙儿先练会写出下列句中folk的含义Country folk can tell you that there are certain places which animals avoid. 人们“Its a question of money, folks，” I said.各位；大伙儿How are your folks
11、? I havent seen them for a long time.家人It is more a lyric than a folk story.民间的再写美微写作我们喜欢看民间舞蹈、听民歌和民间故事。We enjoyed watching folk dances and listening to folk songs and tales,佳句背诵 (1)If you are interested in the Chinese folk art, please email me at your earliest convenience.如果你对中国民间艺术感兴趣，请尽早给我发邮件。(全国
12、卷)(2)To learn more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.为了更多地了解中国文化，杰克决定选修中国民间音乐。名师点津 folk作名词表达“人们”之意时，与people、police等一样，是一个永远表示复数意义的名词，但有所不同的是，folk可后加词尾s。作形容词表达“民间的”之意时，无比较级和最高级。 pass down流传，世代相传先练会用pass的相关短语填空(2020全国卷)That taught me a valuable le
13、sson and I pass it on to the people who work in the market.He passed through many difficulties during the last experiment.He felt sick and dizzy and then passed outEvery one of us should live up to the virtues passed down to us by our ancestors. 再写美句型转换With time going by, I gradually realize the imp
14、ortance of health.As time passes by, I gradually realize the importance of health.pass away消失；去世pass by (时间)流逝；经过(旁边)pass through 通过；经历；体验pass out 昏迷；失去知觉pass sth.on (to) sb. 转交，传给，递给 佳句背诵 The great leader passed away yesterday, making his people very sad.这位伟大的领袖昨天去世了，这让他的人民很难过。 come to life复活，恢复生机先
15、练会猜测加黑词的含义/补全句子When the children heard that their teacher came to life, the whole class came to life at once.苏醒过来；活跃起来When it comes to education(当谈及教育时)，the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.After the earthquake，the government tried its best to bring the village (back) to
16、 life(使村庄恢复生机)The school aims to guide and help students to lead a life of joy(过着快乐的生活)再写美微写作(2019北京卷满分作文)一得知我们将参加农场活动时，我们都活跃起来。The moment we learnt that we would take part in the farm work program, we all came to life(1)come to (oneself)苏醒过来come back to life 苏醒过来；复活when it comes to. 当谈及(2)bring. (b
17、ack) to life 使生动；使恢复生机live/lead a(n).life 过着的生活make a life 生活；享受生活 佳句背诵 When it came to the Chinese volleyball, he came to life immediately. He insisted that we Chinese should learn from the Chinese Volleyball Teams spirit.当谈到中国排球时，他马上活跃起来。他坚持认为我们中国人应该学习中国排球队的精神。 bring out使显现；出版先练会用bring的相关短语填空In re
18、cent years, ChinaSpain cooperation in all fields develops quickly, bringing about many benefits to the two peoples.The examples bring out the meaning of this word.(2020全国卷)Hunters bring in more than 300，000 nutria tails a year, so part of Moutons job these days is trying to promote fur.With three yo
19、ung children to bring up, my husband John and I were very occupied. 再写美 微写作我们必须降低做生意的成本，这样我们才能赚得更多。We must bring down the cost of doing business so that we can earn more.bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐bring about 引起；导致bring down 降低；减少bring in 带进来；有收入；赚得；引入 佳句背诵 (1)Most people believe that difficult situation
20、s can often bring out the best in a person.绝大部分人认为，困境常常能够激发一个人最优秀的一面。(2)It took the combined efforts of both the press and the public to bring about a change in the law.这项法律的变更来自媒体和公众的通力合作。 composev作(曲)；组成；构成；创作先练会单句语法填空The class composed(compose) of fifty students is good.She is not only a singer b
21、ut also a great composer(compose)再写美一句多译该委员会由十人组成。The committee consists of ten men.(consist v)The committee is composed of ten men.(compose v)The committee is made up of ten men.(make v)(1)be composed of由组成/构成(2)composer n. 创作者；作曲者；作曲家 佳句背诵 Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died.莫扎特在
22、创作出他最后一部歌剧后不久便去世了。 contrastn反差；对比vt.&vi.(使)形成对比；对照先练会单句语法填空By/In contrast, Mrs Yang was much more easygoing.Mary was short and fat, in contrast to/with her mother who was tall and slim.再写美同义替换The white walls contrast with the black carpet.The white walls make a contrast with the black carpet.(1)by/i
23、n contrast相比之下in contrast with/to. 与形成对比(对照)；与相反make a contrast with. 与形成对比(2)contrast.with. 把和相对比 佳句背诵 In contrast to/with his brothers, Tom is rather short.和他的兄弟们相比，汤姆的个子相当矮。 light up点亮；点燃；容光焕发先练会写出下列句中light up的含义The old man lit up a candle in the darkness.点燃(2020天津卷7月)A spotlight lights up only o
24、ne section of a stage; similarly, a “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in one targeted area.照亮His face was lit up with pleasure.容光焕发 再写美微写作如果她能考虑到各种情况，她就会以一种新的方式解释这个问题了。If she were to give consideration to all kinds of situations, she would throw light on this problem in a new way.bring.to light
25、揭露come to light 暴露；为人所知in (the) light of 鉴于；考虑到cast/throw light on/upon 帮助弄清楚；阐明某事 佳句背诵 (1)There was an explosion and the whole sky lit up.一声爆炸照亮了整个天空。(2)He rewrote the book in (the) light of further research.他根据进一步的研究重写了那本书。“It wasnt until.that.”意为“直到才”(教材原句) It wasnt until we went on a trip to The
26、 Hague last year that this dream came true!直到去年我们去海牙旅行才梦想成真！先练会单句语法填空(浙江卷)It was not until I became involved in student government that I gained the confidence to handle projects.(福建卷改编)It was not until he went through real hardship that he realized the love we have for our families is important.再写美
27、补全句子/句式升级(普通表达)He didnt go to bed until his son came back from work(直到他的儿子下班回来) last night.(高级表达)It was not until his son came back from work that he went to bed last night.(强调句)(高级表达)Not until his son came back from work did he go to bed last night.(倒装句)(1)“It wasnt until.that.”意为“直到才”，是强调句型和“not.u
28、ntil.”句式的结合。(2)not until位于句首时，句子用部分倒装结构。 佳句背诵 (1)It was not until she arrived in class that she realized she had forgotten her book.到了教室她才意识到她忘记带书了。(2)It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.直到来到这里我才意识到，这里之所以出名，不仅是因为它的美丽，还因为它的天气
29、。提能训练一阅读理解障碍词.语境辨义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1(2020全国卷)“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house, ” says Kathryn Whitehead. v提出2(2019天津卷)I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument. adj.抽象的.熟词生义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1I was so confused that I could hardly compose my thoughts.v.使镇静2I had the dist
30、inct impression I was being watched.adj. 确实的3It might also be necessary to supply an abstract of the review of the literature.n.摘要.一词多义1. 根据语境选出abstract的词性及含义(1)In the abstract of his dissertation(论文) he mentioned the importance of his findings._B_(2)The research shows that preschool children are ca
31、pable of thinking in abstract terms._A_(3)The plan to abstract 8 million gallons of water from the river is practical._C_2. 根据语境选出motion的词性及含义An.运动；移动Bn.提议Cn.动作 Dv.做动作；示意(1)He motioned for us to follow him but we didnt understand him._D_(2)It is a delight that the motion was adopted by six votes to
32、one._B_(3)Do not alight(下来) while the train is still in motion._A_(4)At a single motion of his hand, the room fell silent._C_3. 根据语境选出distinct的词性及含义Aadj.清晰的；明显的Badj.截然不同的；有区别的Cadj.确切的(1)A strike is now a distinct possibility._C_(2)Now that Tony was no longer present, there was a distinct change in h
33、er attitude._A_(3)Engineering and technology are disciplines distinct from one another and from science._B_提能训练二话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)1补全要点句荷兰公主阿玛利亚是一位作曲家，同时作为一位抽象派画家而闻名。(princess, composer, be known as, abstract)Amaria, the Dutch princess, is a composer and is known as an abstract painter除了音乐和绘画，她在科
34、幻故事创作方面也颇有造诣。(apart from, tale)Apart from music and painting, she is also quite accomplished in science tales她是当代最富创造性和革新精神的艺术家和文学家之一。(innovative)She is one of the most creative and innovative artists and writers她的许多艺术作品正在世界各地展览。(on display)Many of her works of art are on display all over the world.
35、她已经出版了多部文学作品。(bring out)She has brought out many literary works直到10岁她的天赋才被人们发现并得到了很好的培养。(It is not until .that.)It was not until she was 10 that her talent was discovered and cultivated well.2升级平淡句将句和句用定语从句连接起来 She is one of the most creative and innovative artists and writers, many of whose works o
36、f art_are on display all over the world.3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：furthermore, however)_One possible version：Amaria, the Dutch princess, is a composer and is known as an abstract painter.Apart from music and painting, she is also quite accomplished in science tales.She is one of the most creative and inn
37、ovative artists and writers, many of whose works of art are on display all over the world.Furthermore, she has brought out many literary works.However, it was not until she was 10 that her talent was discovered and cultivated well.提能训练三读后续写22用形容词和副词增加细节描述.翻译实践(表示羞愧)普通表达：她很羞愧。She felt ashamed.概括描述：用适
38、当的副词修饰形容词She felt terribly ashamed.细节描述：增加羞愧的表现句型羞愧的表现：低头、脸发烧等句型：so.that.结构、v.ing形式作状语She was so ashamed that she could feel her face burning(so.that.、脸发烧)Feeling terribly ashamed, she couldnt help lowering her head(低头).迷你语料库(语言描写任性与自我)“But Miss Cathy, do you know what this will mean to Heathcliff？”
39、 said Ellen. “After you marry Edgar Linton, Heathcliff will be alone in the world.”Cathy looked surprised. “Alone！” she said. “Oh, no! I wouldnt marry Edgar if it meant that Heathcliff would be alone. Edgar must learn to like Heathcliff, thats all. Dont you see, Ellen, that if Heathcliff and I were
40、married, we would be terribly poor? We would be so unhappy. But if I marry Linton, I can help Heathcliff, and take him away from here. Hindley wont be able to hurt him any more.”A卷小题夯基练.语境填词1David has made so distinct(明显的) progress in English recently that he can speak English fluently now.2Every on
41、e of us in this company is active in technical innovation(革新)3Thomas Edison considered genius to be composed(组成) of one percent inspiration and ninetynine percent perspiration.4It was said that twenty delegates voted against the motion(动议)5. When she was wearing that dress, she felt like a princess(
42、公主)6The radio will not work unless you connect these two wires(电线) together.7This tale(故事) is well worth reading, but it is not worthy of being translated, a foreign language researcher said.8We shall say more about this abstract(抽象的) approach in the next chapter.9An underwater hotel has opened in A
43、frica, with its rooms sitting on the bottom of a threelevel floating(漂浮) building.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1He likes music and hopes to make friends with a composer(compose)2(辽宁卷)Your innovations(innovate) must be related to our school life.3(广东卷)It was once common to regard Britain as a society wit
44、h class distinction(distinct)4When I told you to “get lost” I didnt expect to be taken literally(literal).固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1Please pass on the message to as many people as possible.2(江苏卷)Though heavy rains brought about by El Nio may relieve the drought in California, they are likely
45、 to cause surface flooding and other disasters.3The boy is fond of that storybook, whose cover is very nice.4The person had managed to set in motion a panic across America.5(北京卷)Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for?The new Star Wars.We have been waiting(wait) here for more than two hours.6The m
46、atch came to life in the final minutes of the second half.7Her dark hair contrasted sharply with her pale silk dress.8(2018全国卷)Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA).完成句子/句型转换/一句多译1由五名有经验的医生和十名熟练的护士组成的医疗队将被派往地震灾区。The medical team composed of five experie
47、nced doctors and ten skilled nurses will be sent to the earthquakehit areas.2当谈到文学时，他马上来了精神，近来他文学方面的才能为人所知。When it comes to literature, he comes to life immediately，and his talent for literature has recently come to light3众所周知，艰难困苦方能显示出一个人最优秀的品质。As is known to all, difficulties can bring out a perso
48、ns best qualities4Not until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior high school did I realize the importance of cooperating with others.It was not until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior high school that I realized the importance of cooperating with others.(强调句)5与其他的运动员相比，他是最优秀的。(1
49、)Compared with/to other athletes, he stands out.(compare v)(2)By/In contrast, he is much more competitive than any other athlete.(contrast n)B卷大题提能练.阅读理解A(2021芜湖质检)The Oscarwinning 2013 musical Frozen, inspired by Hans Christian Andersens The Snow Queen, followed the tale of two princess sisters, El
50、sa and Anna.They were forced to grow up isolated from each other and the world because of Elsas potentially dangerous magic ability to control ice.The film earned an amazing $1.27 billion box office worldwide, and fans were so charmed by the charactersthat they werent able to “Let It Go”， crazily ca
51、lling for a sequel (续集)Finally, Frozen comes into its fans eyes.However, the beginning of Frozen is not convincing, largely because it overturns much of the character development Anna and Elsa went through in the first movie.At the end of Frozen, Elsa had learned that her powers were a gift, and she
52、 had become confident and proud in using them.At the beginning of Frozen ， that confidence is gone.Whatever technical advancements have been made in computer animation over the past six years arent readily apparent in Frozen .It mostly has the same frosty look as the first film.A sea battle between
53、Elsa and a glowing ice horse leaves the most striking impression on the audience.The biggest failure? The music.In Frozen, even the throwaway songs enjoyed great popularity, let alone the theme song Let It Go.Returning composers Robert Lopez and Kristen AndersonLopez try to give Elsa two showstoppin
54、g numbers: Into the Unknown and Show Yourself.But neither song reaches any emotional heights.(Never mind that there really isnt a show to stop.)Yes, Frozen is a letdown to most audience, especially the fans of the original.Its hard to see how the same team who made something so cool in 2013 could de
55、liver something sotheres no other word for itlukewarm.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。2013年冰雪奇缘在全球获得了惊人的12.7亿美元的票房，粉丝们被这些角色吸引，以至于他们无法“放手”，疯狂地要求拍续集。文章提及了对冰雪奇缘的续集冰雪奇缘2的评价和看法，作者认为这部续集很让人失望。1What do we know about the musical Frozen?AIts theme song didnt reach fans heart.BIt didnt earn profit through its box office.CIt w
56、as a big hit after it came into the market.DIts main characters lived together in their childhood.C解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The film earned an amazing $1.27 billion box office worldwide, and fans were so charmed by the charactersthat they werent able to Let It Go， crazily calling for a sequel (续集)”可知，这部电影在全
57、球获得了惊人的12.7亿美元的票房，粉丝们被这些角色吸引，以至于他们无法“放手”，疯狂地要求拍续集。由此可推知，音乐剧冰雪奇缘上市后大受欢迎。故选C。2What is the most impressive part of Frozen ？AA sea battle.BTechnical advancement.CA different beginning.DThe newlycreated music.A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A sea battle between Elsa and a glowing ice horse leaves the most striking imp
58、ression on the audience.”可知，艾莎和一匹发光的冰马之间的海战给观众留下了最深刻的印象。由此可知，冰雪奇缘2最令人印象深刻的部分是一场海战。故选A。3What does the author think of the musical Frozen ？ABreathtaking.BDisturbing.CMoving. DDisappointing.D解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Yes, Frozen is a letdown to most audience, especially the fans of the original.Its hard to see
59、 how the same team who made something so cool in 2013 could deliver something sotheres no other word for itlukewarm.”可知，冰雪奇缘2让大多数观众失望了，尤其是第一部的粉丝。很难想象，在2013年创造了如此酷的电影的同一个团队，是如何做到如今这么不冷不热的。由此可推知，作者认为冰雪奇缘2很让人失望。故选D。4What type of writing is this text?AAn announcement.BA film review.CAn official report.D
60、A show guide.B解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“The Oscarwinning 2013 musical Frozen, inspired by Hans Christian Andersens The Snow Queen, followed the tale of two princess sisters, Elsa and Anna.”可知，2013年奥斯卡获奖音乐剧冰雪奇缘的灵感来自安徒生的白雪皇后，讲述了公主姐妹艾莎和安娜的故事。文章主要内容为介绍冰雪奇缘2这部电影的故事情节，以及观众的对比的评价及看法，由此可推知，文章是一篇影评。故选B。B(2021湖南永州二模
61、)Detroit Hives is a nonprofit organization that buys vacant lots in the city to transform into bee farms.Timothy Paul and Nicole Lindsey started the nonprofit last year, focused on improving the Motor Citys “left behind” communities and educating people on bees.Timothy got interested in honey and ho
62、neybees because of a cough he couldnt shake.He was sick for months, until a store owner in nearby Ferndale recommended he try some local honey.Soon Timothys cough was gone.And he and Nicole found that abandoned urban sites often became illegal dumping grounds, contributing to an overgrowth of allerg
63、ens (过敏原)not to mention the mess.The couple began to think about how to settle that issue by producing local honey on vacant sites, and Detroit Hives was born.To become certified beekeepers, Timothy and Nicole took two courses.They bought their first vacant lot for $340, with the aid of the Detroit
64、Land Bank Authority community partnership program.From there, they built three hives and vegetable garden plots.Thousands of bees now buzz (嗡嗡) on the lot.“The neighbors say they wish we were there decades of years ago.That area had always been a place where people dumped garbage, so when we came he
65、re, we gave that area a sense of purpose.The neighbors keep an eye on the area to make sure that people dont dump any more，” Lindsey said.Currently, Detroit Hives has partnered with local Detroit Soup and a homeless shelter to provide local, raw honey and they also sell their sweet product.In additi
66、on, Detroit Hives spreads awareness about bees through public tours of the farm.The couple also speak at schools in the area.They aim to expand beyond their first farm this year.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对夫妇因为偶然的机会接触到蜂蜜，之后通过自己的智慧和努力把城市倾倒垃圾、传播疾病的废弃土地变成养蜂农场，最终扩大规模形成了一个非营利组织底特律蜂巢的故事。5What does the author
67、intend to tell us in paragraph 2?AThe method of curing cough.BThe inspiration for Detroit Hives.CThe terrible environment in Detroit.DThe medical value of local honey.B解析：段落大意题。根据第二段的主要内容，尤其是最后一句“The couple began to think about how to settle that issue by producing local honey on vacant sites, and D
68、etroit Hives was born.”可知，本段主要讲述建造底特律蜂巢的灵感对城市空地的利用。B.The inspiration for Detroit Hives.(底特律蜂巢的灵感)符合以上说法，故选B。6What can we learn about the couples work?AIt enriched the variety of vegetables.BIt disturbed the neighbors normal life.CIt improved the environment in the area.DIt enabled neighbors to live
69、in harmony.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“That area had always been a place where people dumped garbage, so when we came here, we gave that area a sense of purpose.The neighbors keep an eye on the area to make sure that people dont dump any more”可知，这对夫妇的工作让这个地区的环境变好了，因为人们不再往这里倾倒垃圾。C.It improved the environment i
70、n the area.(它改善了该地区的环境)符合以上说法，故选C。7Why does Detroit Hives offer public tours?ATo appeal to more customers.BTo help expand their first farm.CTo promote their honey product.DTo help people learn more about bees.D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In addition, Detroit Hives spreads awareness about bees through public t
71、ours of the farm.”可知，底特律蜂巢提供公共参观的目的是让公众更多的了解蜜蜂。D.To help people learn more about bees.(帮助人们更多地了解蜜蜂)符合以上说法，故选D。8Which of the following best describes the husband and wife?AOptimistic. BFaithful.CCreative. DDemanding.C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“From there, they built three hives and vegetable garden plots.”和最后一
72、段可知，这对夫妇把废弃的空地变成养蜂农场，并且尽力帮助有需要的人，努力让人们更多地了解蜜蜂。由此可推知，这对夫妇很有创造力，故选C。C(2021湖南雅礼中学模拟)A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly.The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new hightech integrated systems.Designed to do what a fly do
73、es naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly.Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“Its extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件)，” said Robert Wood, the Harv
74、ard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade.A few years ago, his team got the goahead to start piecing together the components.“The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to
75、develop them all on our own，” he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly.“The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matc
76、hed well to everything its connected to，” said Wood.The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems.Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic flyer is l
77、inked to a small, offboard power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a builtin power source, so that it might someday perform datagathering work at rescue sites, in farmers fields or on the battlefield.“Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around，” he said.Wood says the
78、design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insectscale.Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would
79、be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead，” he said.“So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇并介绍了该项研究存在的困难、研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处。9The dif
80、ficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that _Athey had no model in their mindBthey did not have sufficient timeCthey had no readymade componentsDthey could not assemble the componentsC解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually non
81、e of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own”可知，类似这样的项目的一个额外的困难就是，这些组成部件从来就没有现成的，研究团队不得不靠自己去开发，由此可知，困难就是没有现成的组成部件。故选C。10It can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic fly _Aconsists of a flight device and a control systemBcan just fly in limited
82、areas at the present timeCcan collect information from many sourcesDhas been put into wide applicationB解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, offboard power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a builtin power source, so that it might someday perform datagat
83、hering work at rescue sites, in farmers fields or on the battlefield.”可知，虽然第一架机器人飞行器与一个小型非机载电源相连，但最终目标是为其配备一个内置电源，以便有朝一日它可以在救援地点、农民的田地或战场上执行数据收集任务。由此可推知，目前由于电池等的限制，只能在有限的区域飞行。故选B。11Which of the following can be learned from the passage?AThe robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.BAnimals a
84、re not allowed in biological experiments.CThere used to be few ways to study how insects fly.DWoods design can replace animals in some experiments.D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“it might someday perform datagathering work at rescue sites, in farmers fields or on the battlefield”可知，A项是错误的。B项中的Animals are not allo
85、wed 是错的，应该是difficult with animals，即有些用动物来做试验是困难的，不是不允许。文中并没有提到以前方法的多少，文中只是说offers a new way to study，提供了新的方法，故排除C项。根据最后一段中的“you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead”可知，用动物研究生物学会很难，但是机器人可以取代动物，所以在某些实验中，伍德的设计可以取代动物。故选D。12Which of the f
86、ollowing might be the best title of the passage?AFather of Robotic FlyBInspiration from Engineering ScienceCRobotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectDHarvard Breaks Through in Insect StudyC解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic
87、fly.”可知，文章主要介绍的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。所以文章的最佳标题是“机器苍蝇模仿现实生活中的昆虫”。故选C。.七选五(2021安徽黄山一模)Suggestions for Senior YearSenior year is finally here.We are sure being one of the oldest students in school sounds great.Youve reached the most important year.1._ Three graduates are here to give you som
88、e suggestions.Zhao Yuebei, 18, Hainan UniversityFind a suitable study method and create your own system of knowledge.In the review stage, Ive been studying physics and chemistry with the help of mind maps.2._ I usually wrote down a scientific term in the centre of a blank page, and added related poi
89、nts around the term.I enjoyed this process as it forced me to reflect and organize all my knowledge.3._Zhao Yujie, 18, Wenzhou Medical UniversityDont bury yourself all day in your studiesits tiring and not that useful.Life may be stressful during senior high, but we also need to find ways to refresh
90、 ourselves.When I felt discouraged, I often had a hearttoheart talk with my mother or my head teacher.4._ Some of my classmates preferred to run around the playground.One of them even made up funny stories and read them out during breaks.Song Yu, 18, Northwestern University5_ Besides the gaokao, som
91、e universities hold the independent enrollment (自主招生) exams in the middle of June, which can give you an advantage in the hunt for a top university place, if you do well in the exams.But you dont need to waste too much time preparing specially for them because both the written test and the interview
92、 are based on your everyday performance and intelligence.AIt was a great relief for me.BSo how can you make the most of it?CKeep your eyes open for other choices.DMind maps can encourage your creativity.EBut that is when the hard work really begins.FIt allows me to see the relationship between diffe
93、rent concepts.GMind maps are used to visually organize and classify information.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了三位毕业生给高三学生的几点建议。1B解析：空前说“你已经到了高中阶段最重要的一年”，空后又说“这里三位毕业生会给你一些建议”，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，既要对应上文提到的高三这一话题，又要引出下文如何有效利用高三的几点建议，故B项(那你怎么才能充分利用它呢？)符合语境。2G解析：空前说“在复习阶段，我一直在借助思维导图学习物理和化学”，此处承接这一话题，讲的是思维导图对于学习的作用，故G项(思维导图用于可视化地组织和分类信息)符合语境。3F解析：空前说“我通常在空白页的中间写下一个科学术语，并在术语周围加上相关的点。我喜欢这个过程，因为它能够让我反思和整理我所有的知识”，此处承接上文，讲的是这种方法的另一个好处，故F项(它让我明白不同概念之间的关系)符合语境。4A解析：空前说“当我感到气馁时，我经常和我的母亲或我的班主任谈心”，此处总结上文，讲的是这种做法的好处，故A项(这使我轻松了不少)符合语境。5C解析：空后说“除了高考，一些大学在6月中旬举行自主招生考试，如果你考得好的话，这会给你上一流大学的机会”，因此此处是说除了高考，你还有别的选择，故C项(你要留意其他选择)符合语境。
