1、UNIT 5 WORKING THE LANDA卷小题夯基练.语境填词1(2020江苏卷)The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, allowing for a new generation of virtual reality(现实)2We had no alternative(可能的选择) but to fire Tom, because he is always late for work recently.3To make the company run well, we must overcome(克服) two difficultiesfunds
2、and technology.4There is no doubt that the widespread(广泛的) use of AI will bring us convenience as well as moral dilemma.5It is necessary for all countries to work together to tackle the climate crisis(危机) as it is going to threaten all human beings.6An analysis of the soil can be helpful in determin
3、ing the quality of the soil and hence finding ways to_boost(增加) the yield.7Living in the dry area, especially the desert, involves a lot of problems, of which water shortage(短缺) is the worst.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1(2020全国卷) An easy way to bring all work generations(generate) together is with a ch
4、at platform.2(2019北京卷) Phone carriers and consumers(consume) need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.3(2018天津卷)Despite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome(overcome)4(2018浙江卷6月)Modern America was born on the ro
5、ad，behind a wheel.The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects(aspect) of American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger.5If he takes on this work, he will have no alternative but to meet(meet) an even greater challenge.6Recently the worlds first 3D newspaper h
6、as been published where all the photos and ads are in 3D while only the stories were in a conventional(convention) newspaper format.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词)1(2019全国卷) What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.2Liang Sicheng, a famous architect, is remembered for his devotion to tradi
7、tional Chinese architecture.3The officials were eager to convince us of the safety of new equipment.4The following day, the teacher would return the corrected and graded essays and each person would be called in turn to stand in front of the class and to read out his/her essay.5The research team is
8、comprised of experienced elementary teachers and professionals in the field of computer development.6It was a generation when girls education was placed second to boys.选词填空devote.to, (be) comprised of, in turn, for instance, in turn, expand into, be rooted in1The team comprised of students from the
9、local university won the technology competition for their 4Dprinted clothes.2According to Lu Xun, the most serious disease was not a physical one, but the one which was rooted in peoples minds.3I feel it necessary to devote the time and money to helping those who are in urgent need.4As required, eac
10、h of the contestants(参赛者) entered the room in turn and performed the translation of a song in sign language. 5We need to reconsider the way we consume energy. For instance, our approach to commuting.完成句子/一句多译1使我沮丧的是他们总是阻止我去图书馆，并督促我用更多的时间学习。(主语从句)What upsets me is that they always prevent me from goi
11、ng to the library and urge me to spend much more time on my lessons.2他成功地解决了公司面临的危机。He succeeded in tackling the crisis the company is facing.3我们班有60名学生，包含35名男生和25名女生。There are 60 students in our class, consisting of 35 boys and 25 girls.(consist)There are 60 students in our class, made up 35 boys a
12、nd 25 girls.(make up )There are 60 students in our class, comprised of 35 boys and 25 girls.(be comprised of)4你应该牢记：与同班同学交流是提高学习成绩的有效方法。You should keep it in mind that communicating with your classmates is a good way to improve your studyYou should keep it in mind that communicating with your classm
13、ates is a good way that/which can improve your studyB卷大题提能练.阅读理解A(2021辽宁五校联考)In a longsleeved shirt and jeans, Dieudonne Twahirwa looks nothing like the traditional African farmer.The 30yearold owner of Gashora Farm knows what a difference that makes.“You need more role models，” he said, standing am
14、ong kneehigh rows of chilli (辣椒) plants.“If you have young farmers, having land and driving to the farm, others may think, Why cant I do that？”Mr.Twahirwa, a university graduate, bought a friends tomato farm six years ago for $150.He made $1，500 back in two months.“You have to link farming with entr
15、epreneurship and real numbers，” he said.Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside, choosing not to work hard and for a long time in the fieldsa job made tougher by climate change.But Twahirwa is one of the growing band of successful farmers working to make agricultures image on the
16、 continent more attractive.Some 1，000 farmers now produce chillies for him.He is starting a fourth farm of his own, and exports fresh and dried chillies and oil to Britain, the United States, India, and Kenya.Africa has the worlds youngest population and 65 percent of its uncultivated arable land (耕
17、地后备资源)Yet accessing land and loans is difficult, and African productivity is low with crop yields just 56 percent of the international average.“Agriculture is mainly associated with suffering and no young person wants to suffer，” said Tamara Kaunda.She believes African agriculture needs a change to
18、get rid of its oldfashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a hoe.“Show young people tractors, green fields, nice irrigation systems and smartphones，” she said.Getting young people involved in agriculture does not mean they have to work on a farm.For example, in coffee production, the beans
19、go from the farm to the washing station, then to be separated from the husks (外壳)【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。非洲青年迪厄多内特瓦黑尔瓦从事农业生产，他通过自己的努力，获得了巨大的回报；非洲有世界上最年轻的人群与大量的耕地后备资源，但是由于气候变化及农业技术的落后，很多年轻人都不愿意从事农业；迪厄多内特瓦黑尔瓦则为非洲青年树立了榜样。1What does “Why cant I do that？” in paragraph 2 mean?AWhy cant I drive to the farm?BWhy can
20、t they farm?CThey follow the example of those farmers.DThey bought a friends tomato farm.C解析：句意理解题。根据第二段中的“If you have young farmers, having land and driving to the farm, others may think, Why cant I do that？”可知，此处表示如果你有年轻的农民，他们有土地，而且开车去农场，其他人可能会想：“为什么我不能那样做？”该句意在表明其他人认为他们可以效仿那些农民的做法。故选C。2What makes
21、 it harder for farmers to work?APoor land. BClimate change.CLow income. DLong working hours.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Many young Africans are abandoning areas in the countryside.a job made tougher by climate change.”可知，在非洲，让农民的劳动难度更大的原因是气候变化。故选B。3What can we learn about Twahirwa according to paragraph 5?AHe m
22、ade a fortune by growing chillies.BHis chillies are superb in the world.CFarmers working for him live a simple life.DThe locals arent willing to buy his chillies.A解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Some 1，000 farmers now produce chillies for him.He is starting a fourth farm of his own”可推知，他通过种植红辣椒赚了很多钱。故选A。4When it c
23、omes to agriculture in Africa, what do people think about it?ALoans are difficult.BMost land is uncultivated.CCrop yields are rather low.DFarming methods are out of date.D解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“African agriculture needs a change to get rid of its oldfashioned image of very hard and tiring work with a ho
24、e”可知，非洲农业需要改变，以摆脱其传统的形象：使用锄头的非常辛苦和累人的工作。由此可知，当谈及非洲的农业时，人们想到的是落后的耕作方法。故选D。A、B、C三项均为非洲农业的实际情况，不是人们对其的看法。BPlants typically endure long, hot days to produce fruits and vegetables. However, the suns UV rays (紫外线) can damage some crops. Now a team of scientists in Australia has stepped in to lend a helpin
25、g hand.A family of nanoparticles (纳米颗粒) known as MOFs can absorb harmful UV rays. Nanoengineer Richardson knew for long that some MOFs can turn UV rays into other wavelengthsones that plants could use for photosynthesis(光合作用). Thats the process by which plants produce food from light.In theory, he c
26、ould “feed” MOFs to the plants. However, therere some troubles. MOFs are too big for plant roots to take up and cutting open the plants to load them with nanoparticles would damage their body. Whats more, Richardson realized the components of MOFs are small. Theyre so small that plant roots could ta
27、ke them up. Then he had a brainstorm; figure out a way to make these components come together inside the plant and grow into complete MOFs.With that in mind, his team put the components of MOFs into water. They then placed plants into the liquid. The scientists engineered these MOFs to fluoresce (发荧
28、光). They send out a green light under UV light. This helped confirm the plants built the MOFs onboard. Under UV light，the entire plants fluoresced. This showed that MOFs formed in the roots, leaves and other parts of the plants.The scientists then did a second experiment to check the MOFscarrying pl
29、ants effect against UV rays. They exposed the MOFscarrying plants and the ones without MOFs to UV light for three hours. It turned out that the treated ones were in better conditions.Richardson and his team now plan to study the effects of MOFs on plant growth. “So far we havent seen any damage MOFs
30、 bring to the plants. But all of our experiments were pretty short term，” he admits. “Now were looking at (possible) longterm damagealthough we think its unlikely.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家成功让植物体内生成一种可以抵抗紫外线的纳米颗粒，帮助植物将紫外线转化成对光合作用有利的其他射线。5According to Richardson, some MOFs can help with crops by _Aplaying a
31、s shelter against sunlightBprotecting them from long hot weatherCdeveloping their ability to absorb UV raysDmaking UV rays beneficial to their growthD解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“.some MOFs can turn UV rays into other wavelengthsones that plants could use for photosynthesis (光合作用)”可知，一些纳米颗粒可以帮助植物将紫外线转化成对光合作用有利的
32、其他射线。6. Whats the main problem of theoretically feeding MOFs to plants?AThe insufficient amount of nanoparticles.BThe plants inability to load enough MOFs.CThe unfitted size between plants and MOFs.DThe potential destruction to MOFs structure.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，因为纳米颗粒的尺寸和植物的根茎部尺寸不匹配，所以并不能直接给植物“喂”这
33、些纳米颗粒。7What did the entire plants ability to fluoresce show?AMOFs did no damage to the plants.BThey did well in absorbing sunlight.CMOFs have been built up in the plants.DThey were exposed to the sun for too long.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This showed that MOFs formed in the roots, leaves and other parts of
34、the plants.”可知，这个植物能发光说明MOFs纳米颗粒已经在植物体内堆积了。8. Whats Richardsons attitude towards MOFs damage to plants?ANegative. BObjective.CWorried. DIndifferent.B解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“So far we havent seen any damage MOFs bring to the plants. But all of our experiments were pretty short term”可知，对于纳米颗粒对植物可能带来的损害，理查德森
35、持客观的态度。.完形填空(2021山东泰安模拟)At Dayton School, one student has inspired a big change to the curriculum. Morey is the schools first 1 student. The school 2 the opportunity to teach all the students some sign language so as to make her feel 3 Now the walls of halls are lined with the language posters, and
36、students have learned 4 to sign more than 20 words related to school. “ 5 Morey came to our school，” said school Principal Sampietro，“our students knew little about the culture of sign language.” The school installed (安装) a hearing system and 6 an extra teacher to receive special training in putting
37、 sign language into every class. Meanwhile，many teachers began using their free time to 7 sign language videos and read books on special 8 so as to help other possible disabled students in the future. The class are also getting some 9 from Morey. “Morey helped all of them to 10 the alphabet，” Sampie
38、tro said.To reward the students hard 11 ， the school invited the singer Cinderella who knows sign language to come to sing for the students and 12 her stories about friendship starting from sign language. “Most students in the school had not 13 other people with a hearing disability，” said Principal
39、 Sampietro. “We wanted our students to 14 this isnt something they can 15 speak with Morey.”【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。代顿学校一个特殊的学生莫里给这个学校的课程带来了巨大的改变。因为莫里有听力障碍，全校师生便开始学习手语，此外老师们也开始学习针对有残疾的孩子的特殊教育。1Afemale BblindCdeaf DforeignC解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：莫里是学校第一位有听力障碍的学生。female意为“女性的”，blind意为“瞎的”，deaf意为“耳聋的”，foreign意为“外国的”。下
40、文说学生开始学习失聪的手语和最后一段中的“with a hearing disability”可知，莫里是这个学校第一个有听力障碍的学生。故选C。2Arefused BmissedCignored DtookD解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校借此机会教所有学生一些手语，使她感到受欢迎。refuse意为“拒绝”，miss意为“错过”，ignore意为“忽略”，take意为“拿、携带”。根据句意，可知是抓住机会。“take the opportunity”是固定短语，意为“抓住机会”。故选D。3Awelcome BexcitedCanxious DpuzzledA解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意同
41、上。welcome意为“受欢迎的”，excited意为“激动的”，anxious意为“担心的”，puzzled意为“困惑的”。学校教学生手语，使莫里能适应学校的生活，从而使她感到受欢迎。故选A。4Awhen BwhereCwhy DhowD解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：现在，大厅的墙壁上贴满了语言海报，学生们已经学会了如何表达20多个与学校有关的单词。when意为“在时候”，where意为“在地方”，why意为“的原因”，how意为“如何”。学校开了手语课，所有学生应该是学会如何做手势，所以连词为“how”。故选D。5AAfter BBeforeCWhile DSinceB解析：考查连词词义辨
42、析。句意：“在莫里来我们学校之前，”校长桑皮特罗说，“我们的学生对手语文化知之甚少。” after意为“在之后”，before意为“在之前”，while意为“当时”，since意为“自从”。文章第一段说明是莫里的到来让学校设置了手语课程，所以学生几乎不了解手语文化的情况发生在莫里来学校之前。故选B。6Aforced BexpectedCforbade DaskedD解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校安装了一套听力系统，并且学校让一个专门的老师接受特殊训练，把手语教学推广到每个班。force意为“迫使”，expect意为“期待”，forbid意为“禁止”，ask意为“请、叫”。“ask sb.t
43、o do sth.”是固定短语，意为“让某人做某事”，故选D。7Aproduce BwatchCsell DreleaseB解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，许多老师开始利用课余时间观看手语视频，阅读有关特殊教育的书籍，以便将来帮助其他可能残疾的学生。produce意为“生产”，watch意为“观看”，sell意为“卖”，release意为“释放”。根据“sign language videos”可知，老师为了教学需要而看视频学习。故选B。8Atreatment BeventsCeducation DtipsC解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。treatment意为“治疗”，event意
44、为“事件、活动”，education意为“教育”，tip意为“提示”。根据下文“so as to help other possible disabled students”可知，为了帮助其他可能有残疾的学生，所以此处是指阅读有关特殊教育的书。special education意为“特殊教育”。故选C。9Ainformation BassistanceCletters DpresentsB解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：全班也收到了莫里的一些帮助。information意为“信息”，assistance意为“帮助”，letter意为“信”，present意为“礼物”。根据下文“Morey hel
45、ped all of them”可知，莫里帮助了他们。所以这是莫里给大家的帮助，故选B。10Aobtain BbuyCstudy DinventC解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：莫里帮助他们学习字母表。obtain意为“获得”，buy意为“购买”，study意为“学习”，invent意为“发明、创造”。根据上文，班级也得到了莫里的帮助，所以应该是莫里帮助学生们学习字母。故选C。11Awork BtimeCtask DblowA解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了奖励学生们的努力学习，学校邀请懂手语的歌手辛德瑞拉来为学生们唱歌，分享她从学手语开始的关于友谊的故事。work意为“工作、学习”，time
46、意为“时间”，task意为“任务”，blow意为“打击、吹”。学生们认真学习手语，所以要奖励他们的努力学习。hard work意为“努力学习”。故选A。12Awrite BshareCpublish DadaptB解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。write意为“写”，share意为“分享”，publish意为“出版”，adapt意为“改编”。根据下文“her stories about friendship starting from sign language”可知，这位歌手来学校，分享自己学手语的故事来奖励学生们的努力学习。所以是将故事分享给学生。故选B。13Arecognized Bt
47、roubledCsympathized DmetD解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：学校里的大多数学生都没有遇到过其他患有听力障碍的人。recognize意为“识别、认识”，trouble意为“打扰”，sympathize意为“同情”，meet意为“遇见”。莫里是学校第一个有听力障碍的学生，所以大部分学生应该是没有遇到有听力障碍的人。故选D。14Aunderstand BforgetCreport DpromiseA解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们想让我们的学生明白，学习手语不仅仅是为了和莫里进行交流。understand意为“理解、明白”，forget意为“忘记”，report意为“汇报”，p
48、romise意为“承诺”。通过邀请歌手唱歌并分享她的手语学习的故事，可以推断学校希望学生明白学习手语不仅仅是为了和莫里进行交流。故选A。15Anever BonlyCseldom DstillB解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。never意为“从不”，only意为“仅仅”，seldom意为“很少”，still意为“仍然”。根据语境可知，学校希望学生们能够帮助和关爱其他更多可能有残疾的学生，而不仅仅是为了和莫里进行交流。故选B。.语法填空(2021新高考八省联考模考)Like many other students, you may have various people, 1._(includ
49、e) family members and friends, giving input on your college decision.While many of your trusted relatives and peers(同龄人) may have very 2._(value) advice that can help you to make the decision, finally the choice is yours and yours alone. Only you can fully realize which aspects of a college will mak
50、e you truly happy and 3._(satisfy), so keep that at the front of your mind.Moreover, fully consider each option. It can be easy 4._(let) a particular school become a frontrunner early on 5._ your decisionmaking process, and it may even become the winning choicebut be sure to carefully evaluate every
51、 school 6._ has accepted you, since you had particular reasons for applying to each school.Do keep 7._ open mind. Students can change majors, but remember that theres no reliving a certain semester(学期), and theres no making up for lost time. Dont go to a school 8._(specific) for a high school relati
52、onship 9._ to make someone else happy. A 10._(student) college experience is his or her own, and the student must put his or her education first.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要是关于学生该如何选择自己要上的学校的建议，虽然亲戚和朋友可能有非常有价值的建议，但还是要自己做决定，充分考虑每一种选择， 保持开放的心态， 把自己的教育放在首位。1including解析：考查介词。句意：像许多其他学生一样，可能会有各种各样的人，包括家庭成员和朋友，为你的
53、大学决定提供建议。结合句意，此处表示“包含在内”，后跟名词family members and friends作宾语，应用介词including。故填including。2valuable解析：考查形容词。句意：虽然许多你信任的亲戚和同龄人可能有非常有价值的建议，它可以帮助你做决定，但是最终的选择需要你自己做出，也只能靠你自己做出。应用形容词valuable修饰名词advice，作定语。故填valuable。3satisfied解析：考查形容词。句意：只有你才能充分意识到大学哪些方面会让你真正感到快乐和满足，所以要把这一点放在心上。此处为“make宾语宾补”结构，修饰人应用ed结尾的形容词sa
54、tisfied。故填satisfied。4to let解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在你做决定的早期阶段，把一所特定的学校作为首选是很容易的，它甚至可能成为你的最佳选择但一定要仔细评估每一所录取你的学校，因为你申请每一所学校都有特定的理由。此处为“it beadj.to do sth.”句型，it作形式主语，不定式为真正的主语。故填to let。5during解析：考查介词。句意同上。结合语境，此处表示“在期间”，应用during。故填during。6that解析：考查定语从句。句意同上。此处为定语从句修饰先行词school，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，且由every修饰，只能用关系代词that
55、引导。故填that。7an解析：考查冠词。句意：一定要保持开放的心态。结合句意，此处表示“保持开放的心态”，即keep an open mind。故填an。8specifically解析：考查副词。句意：不要专门为了一段高中恋情或者让别人开心而去一所学校上学。副词specifically，修饰后文介词短语for a high school relationship，作状语。故填specifically。9or解析：考查连词。句意同上。否定句中，表示“或者”应用连词or。故填or。10students解析：考查名词所有格。句意：一个学生的大学经历是他或她自己的，学生必须把他或她的教育放在首位。此
56、处student与后文college experience构成所属关系，结合后文“his or her own”可知，此处指一个学生的大学经历，故应用有生命的名词所有格形式students。故填students。写作新题型(八).应用文写作假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Lucy即将回国，希望你能推荐一款具有中国特色的纪念品以馈赠亲友。请你给她写一封邮件。内容包括：1推荐的物品；2推荐原因；3表达期望。注意：1词数 80 左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_One possible version：Dear Lucy，I am so delighted to know that you want
57、 to buy some souvenirs with Chinese characteristics. Im glad to recommend the Chinese brush to you.The Chinese brush, a traditional writing tool dating back to 2，000 years ago, is ranked as one of the Four Treasures of the Chinese Study. Frankly speaking, in ancient China, calligraphy and paintings
58、were mostly created with it. As far as Im concerned, the Chinese brush is a perfect gift for your relatives and friends who are fond of Chinese items.I sincerely hope my advice can be of great use to you.Yours，Li Hua.读后续写阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021枣庄高三模拟)There was once a wonderful ol
59、d man who loved everything: animals, spiders, insects and all sorts of living things.One day while walking through the woods, the old man found a cocoon (茧). He decided to take the cocoon home to watch its beautiful transformation from a little cocoon to a beautiful butterfly.A few days later, the c
60、ocoon started to move. It moved frantically! He sat and watched it struggle and struggle for several hours. But it seemed not to make any progress. Then the old man felt sorry for the little butterfly inside, and rushed to its aid.With a pair of scissors, gently, he cut a little opening in the cocoo
61、n so the butterfly could come out. And then the butterfly came out of its cocoon. It had a swollen body and small, fragile wings, but it never was able to fly.He was quite puzzled. Had he accidentally killed the little butterfly? No, it was still moving a little bit. Maybe it was sick. Then he decid
62、ed that the best thing he could do for the butterfly was to place it gently back into its cocoon. He did so, and placed a drop of honey on it to seal the cocoon, leaving the butterfly to nestle (栖息) in its natural state.The next day he noticed that the cocoon was moving again. It struggled and strug
63、gled. Finally the butterfly broke free from its cocoon and stretched its wings out. Its beautiful wings were filled with wonderful colors! It took off! It was flying!The wonderful butterfly flew and flew till it was almost out of the old mans sight.“What a joy，” he exclaimed! But then he started to
64、think: what did I do wrong by trying to help that beautiful little butterfly out at first?注意：续写词数应为150左右。Finally the answer came out._Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life._One possible version：Finally the answer came out. The butterfly has to struggle and struggle while inside th
65、e cocoon. Thats how it gets its strength. Thats just what the creature is designed to overcome in order to be strong and beautiful. Well, needless to say, the old man finally realized that sometimes appearances arent what they seem to be. In fact, the seemingly hard time the butterfly was having was
66、 what brought the amazing transformation.Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life. Life is full of ups and downs, and were often confronted in daily life with unexpected problems and outcomes that can easily depress and even defeat us. Sometimes we fail to realize that its out of the struggles of life that we gain strength and build character. If we were allowed to go through our life without any toughness, it would cripple us. We would not be as strong as what we could have been. And we could never fly.
