1、2022届高三英语一轮复习（2019版新外研社高中英语必修一U6At One With Nature语言知识词汇复习学案简介：本材料为2022届高三英语一轮复习2019版新外研社高中英语必Unit 6At One With Nature语言知识复习学案词汇学案；分三个部分：基础词汇变形；基础短语；重点单词讲解（词汇变形巩固/高频短语/例句翻译/语法填空练习题）基础词汇变形：1. Completion n.完成，结束；v._完成；adj._完全的2. Region n.地区，区域；adj._区域的3. Harm v.伤害，损害；adj._有害的，伤害的4. Agriculture n.农业；ad
2、j._农业的5. Consumer n.消费者；v._消费，消耗；n._消费，消耗6. Limited adj.有限的；v._限制；_ adj.任意多的,无限制的；limitless adj.无限制的；_ n.限制;局限7. Benefit n.好处，益处；adj._有好处的8. Design v设计；绘制；企图 n设计；图案；结构；_n设计师，构思者基础词汇变形答案：complete completed/regional/harmful/agricultural/consume consumption/limit unlimited limitation/beneficial/designe
3、r基础短语：根据提示补全下列短语1be home _的家园/所在地2a number_ 大量的3the difference_ the two 两者之间的差异4be located _ 坐落于5share._. 与某人分享某物6divide._. 把分成7in harmony _ 与相和谐8separate._. 把和分离开9be famous_因而出名基础短语答案：To/of/between/in/with/into/with/from/for重点单词讲解：prevent vt.防止;阻止常见搭配prevent.(from) doing sth.阻止.做某事英汉翻译练习：The accide
4、nt could have been prevented._What prevented you (from) joining us last might?_归纳拓展意义相近的短语还有:stop.( from) doing sth.keep.from doing sth.特别提醒 以上短语用于主动语态时 :prevent. from doing sth与stop.from doing sth.中from可以省略；而keep.from doing sth中的from不能省略。用于被动语态时，这三个短语中 from都不能省略。We are prevented /stopped /kept by t
5、he frightening sandstorm from going to school.语法填空练习：(2019.广东广州荔湾区期末)Social phobia(社交恐惧症) prevents people_ ( make) the normal, everyday mistakes that may help them improve their skills even further.Social attention should be paid to preventing our earth from_( pollute).2.单句改错Srikanth was prevented s
6、tudying sciences because it was thought to be too dangerous for a blind student.Actually, there are grammatical mistakes made by students that keep them writing good compositions.答案：making;being polluted;prevented+from/them+fromdesign(1)vt. 设计，构思；计划；意欲常见搭配design sth for sb./sh.为某人/某物设计某物be designed
7、for为. .而设计be designed to .意欲做.目的是.designer作名词，意为“设计者”;英汉翻译练习：Our school invited two engineers to deign a language lab for us._These exercises are designed to strengthen muscles._Many public places have toilets which are designed for the disabled._(2)n.设计;设计方案;装饰图案;打算by design的同义短语: on purpose;反义短语:
8、by accident/by chance常见搭配make designs for.为.制作设计方案by design故意地英汉翻译练习：Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money._Brady has been asked to make designs for the new sports centre._We shall never know whether this happened by accident or by design._语境串记:I like the design
9、of the suit，which was designed by a famous designer. She graduated from a school of fashion design and the school is designed to attract talented people who are interested in fashion. _语法填空(2019 .北京师范大学附属中学期末)If youre looking for some exciting and new music, download the app designed _young people.L
10、ucy was born on January 30th, 1998, when her aunt got married to a fashion_( design).答案：for;designerHarm vt. 伤害,损害常见搭配harm ones reputation/ image损害某人的名声/形象英汉翻译练习：Smoking a lot of cigarettes can harm ones health and even may kill over a long period of time._What he did did harm his image._n. U伤害,损害ha
11、rm作名词时为不可数名词，其前可用no, great,much, a lot of等修饰。常见搭配:mean no harm (to sb.) (对某人)无恶意do sb. /sth. harm= do harm to sb. /sth.= be harmful to sb./sth. 对某人/某物有害do more harm than good弊大于利英汉翻译练习：The typhoon did great harm to the rice crop._Laziness is the thief of time, for it not only brings us failure but a
12、lso does us other harm._语法填空According to the study, using cellphones too often does harm_your health.(2019.黑龙江哈三中期末)Air pollution will get worse and this will be _( harm) to people and animals.答案：to;harmfulReplace (1)vt.代替,取代;替换,接替常见搭配replace A ( with/by B) (用B)替换/接替/取代A英汉翻译练习：Can anything replace a
13、 mothers love and care?_The factory replaced most of its workers with robots._(2)vt.把.放回原处He replaced the book on the shelf. 归纳拓展(1)相关词语积累:replacement n.更换,替换(2)代替的其他表达法:instead of代替in place of顶替，代替take sb. s/sth. s place = take the place of sb. /sth.代替，替换某人/某物语法填空：( 2018 .江苏南京期中联考)The house which I
14、 grew up in has been taken an down(拆除) and replaced_office building whose walls are yellow.Sending e-mails has almost taken the place_ writing letters.答案：with/by;ofNarrow(1) adj狭窄的，窄小的;狭隘的。常构成复合形容词: narrow-minded气量小的，小心眼的，狭隘的。英汉翻译练习：The bridge is too narrow for the cars to pass._A narrow-minded pers
15、on is not popular with friends. _(2)adj勉强的，刚刚好的常见搭配a narrow escape死里逃生a narrow victory险胜英汉翻译练习：He had a narrow escape when his car skidded on the ice._She won a narrow victory over her great rival in the tennis competition._(3)vt. & vi.使窄小，变窄，缩小。常见搭配narrow the gap缩小差距/代沟英汉翻译练习：New tax laws will narr
16、ow the gap between the rich and the poor._归纳拓展相关词语积累:narrowly adv.勉强地，以毫厘之差;狭隘地英汉翻译练习：He was narrowly hit by a bus when he was turning to the left._判断下列句子中narrow的词性及含义(2018，四川成都校级月考)Some narrow streets have been broadened, so there are fewer traffic jams.Our school football team had a narrow victory
17、 against that team.The economic gap between the north and south of the country is beginning to narrow.答案：狭窄的；险胜（勉强的）；缩小desert(1)n. 沙漠,荒漠英汉翻译练习：The Sahara Desert is a natural barrier between North and Central Africa. _(2) vt. 拋弃，遗弃( = abandon) vt. & vi.擅离(岗位等)英汉翻译练习：True friends dont desert each othe
18、r when one is facing trouble._There was the heavy hanging silence of a house that has been deserted._归纳拓展相关词语积累:(1)deserted adj.无人居住的;被遗弃的a deserted island village一个荒岛/一个被舍弃的村庄(2)(形近词)dessert n. /dIz3:tC,U(饭后)甜点语境串记:The man who was deserted in the desert was eager to get some dessert to eat, and lat
19、er he found a deserted wooden hut._1.判断下列句子中desert 的词性及含义(2018.北京师大附中期末) Going camping in the desert will not be enjoyable unless you are well prepared.(2018. 江苏南京金陵中学期末) When they got there, the village seemed deserted，the only sign of life being one or two dogs lying under the trees.2.语法填空It is re
20、ported that new school has been built in what was a_( desert ) village a few decades ago.答案：沙漠；被遗弃的；desertedExpert (1)adj; 熟练的，行家的，专家的，经验(或知识)丰富的常见搭配be expert at/in/on (doing) sth. 是某方面的专家英汉翻译练习：She is expert in figure skating._He is expert at cooking good meals._(2)n.专家，行家常见搭配be an expert at/in/on
21、(doing) sth. 是某方面的专家He is a well-known expert in finance._语境串记He is an expert on French history so he is expert at answering these questions._语法填空1. (2019.江苏淮安期末) Lifting weights is good for teenagers, which some_( expert) say will help them become energetic.2. You can have your computer repaired by
22、 John, who is expert_repairing computers.答案：experts;at/in/onLimited adj. 有限的,受.的限制英汉翻译练习：Just like a voyage at sea, our life journey, whose days are limited, is full of difficulties and surprises._归纳拓展相关词语积累:(1)limit vt.限制,限定n. 限度，限制;极限;界限Limit.to.把.限制在. 内(其被动形式为be limited to.)within limits在某种程度上;有一
23、定限制Set a limit on. .对.作出限制There is a/no limit to.是有/无限度的。(to 是介词)(2)unlimited adj.任意多的,无限制的limitless adj.无限制的limitation n.限制;局限1.语法填空At the meeting, all the staff had a heated discussion on the most efficient way to accomplish the plan in_( limit) time.Unfortunately, the research was limited to_( in
24、crease ) economic profits， rather than protecting the environment.2.单句改错There is a limit to peoples life, but no limit to learn the knowledge.Before the tourists set off, they spent much time setting a limit for the expenses of the trip.答案：limited;increasing;learn-learning;for-tobenefit用法详解(1)n. 益处，
25、优势常见搭配for the benefit of sb.(=for sbs.benefit)为了某人的利益；为了帮助某人be of (great) benefit to对.(很)有益to sb.s benefit 对某人有利英汉翻译练习：One of the many benefits of foreign study is learning how to deal with the expected._All the money are used for the benefit of disabled children. _This measure is of great benefit t
26、o the improvement of the job._If we take these measures, Im sure it is greatly to our benefit._(2)vt.使受益vi.得益于，得利于常见搭配benefit sb./sth. 使某人/某物受益sb. benefit by/from sth. 某人得益于某物英汉翻译练习：These facilities have benefited the whole town._Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but for Tho
27、mas Edison.(江苏高考)_特别提醒:“对某人有益”是benefit sb.，benefit后不加介词to或for。与此类似的情况还有:”为某人服务”是serve sb.。千万不要按照汉语的习慣理解英语.相关词语积累:beneficial adj. 有利的，有用的be (very) beneficial .很)有益英汉翻译练习：As we all know, cycling is highly beneficial to health and the environment._1.语法填空(2018.北京四中月考) Researchers at the University of Liverpool found the writing of Shakespeare, Wordsworth andthe like had a_( benefit) effect on our mind.(2018.山东济宁期中)Some people benefit_ginger products to reduce car sickness.答案：beneficial;from/by
