1、2018-2019学年高二年级第二学期期中练习英语试题第一部分:听力理解（共三节，25分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1分,共5分）听下面5段对话，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出能回答问题的最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。1. How will users control the mouse with the new tool?A. With their feet. B. With their eyes. C. With their voice.2. Why wouldnt the woman help?A. She is quite busy now.B. She is poor in g
2、rammar.C. She doesnt like grammar.3. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. At a birthday party. B. At a wedding reception. C. At a graduation ceremony.4. What does the man mean?A. The woman can use the printer soon.B. He needs the printer for a longer time.C. The printer in the library
3、 isnt available.5. How much will the woman pay?A. 5 pounds. B. 7.5 pounds. C. 10 pounds.第二节（共10小题;每小题1分,共10分）听下面4段对话，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出能回答问题的最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6. Why did the man call the woman?A. To inform her of an accident.B. To tell her the way to the hospital.C. To invite her to wat
4、ch the training.7. Whats the possible relationship between the woman and Tom?A. Coach and player. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and son.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. What are the speakers doing?A. Learning a language. B. Visiting a gallery. C. Taking photos.9. When did the man really learn Spanish?A. At col
5、lege. B. At high school. C. During the summer in Spain.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Education programs. B. Travel preparations. C. Graduation plans.11. Why does the woman choose a private university?A. There is more partying.B. It offers more scholarship.C. It h
6、as better learning atmosphere.12. What do we know about the man?A. He stays close to home.B. He wants to be a teacher.C. Hes going to a private school.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13. What problem may poor eyesight cause according to Susan?A Writing difficulty. B. Bad moods. C. Sore eyes.14. What will the man p
7、robably do next?A. Read the article himself.B. Take his son to the doctor.C. Call his doctor for advice.15. How does the man feel about having this conversation?A. Grateful. B. Excited. C. Hopeless.第三节（共 5 小题; 每小题 2 分, 共 10 分）听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应题号后的横线上写下关键信息， 每空仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。Charity-sponsored Walki
8、ng Holiday for Education AidTime6th16th in 16Requirements To be physically 17 Raise at least $ 18AimTo help 19 with special needsContactEither by telephone or 20第二部分 知识运用 （共 25 分）第一节 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分）在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AThe moment I was diagnosed w
9、ith cancer, I decided that I would not let this “beast” win easily. I had no idea _1_ my treatment would be like, and I surely didnt think social media would be a way for me to conquer this “beast”. However, by sharing_2_(feel) on the Internet, I am able to remind myself, and my viewers, that everyt
10、hing is going to be okay. Their words are a big part of what helped me stay_3_(hope). Besides, I have made several “cancer friends” so far, and were determined to fight this battle together.【答案】1. what 2. feelings 3. hopeful【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了被诊断出癌症后，作者通过在网上与别人分享感受以及结交癌友抗癌的故事。【1题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我不知道我的治疗会
11、是什么样子。分析句子结构可知，此处为同位语从句，空格处既作同位语从句的引导词，又在从句中作主语，故填what。【2题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，通过在网上分享感受，我能够提醒自己和观众，一切都会好起来的。作动词sharing的宾语用名词，feeling是可数名词，此处用复数表示泛指，故填feelings。【3题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们的话在很大程度上让我保持希望。此处的stay是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，故填hopeful。BSuccessful communication _4_(involve) more than talking to a person. Good listenin
12、g skills and body language are also important for us to communicate _5_(effective) with others. Studies have shown that of the information that is received from other people, only 10% is from what they say and 40% is from the tone and speed of their voice. The other 50% is obtained from their body l
13、anguage. Therefore, _6_(read) body language is an important part of developing our social skills.【答案】4. involves 5. effectively 6. reading/to read【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了良好的倾听技巧和肢体语言对我们与他人有效沟通也很重要。【4题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：成功的沟通不仅仅是与人交谈。文章的基础时态为一般现在时，主语是Successful communication，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填involves。【5题详解】考查副词。句意
14、：良好的倾听技巧和肢体语言对我们与他人有效沟通也很重要。修饰动词communicate用副词，故填effectively。【6题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，阅读肢体语言是发展我们社交技能的一个重要部分。分析句子结构可知，此处用动名词或不定式作主语，故填reading/to read。CWe could learn vocabulary while we are asleep. Researchers showed it is possible _7_ (learn) new information while sleeping deeply, and recall this inform
15、ation later. They did tests to see _8_ a person could remember new words and their translations while sleeping. The answer is yes. The language areas of the brain remember vocabulary during sleep, especially during deep sleep. While sleeping, our brain switches on for about half a second and then sw
16、itches_9_ for half a second. The active state _10_(call) “up-state”. This is how our brain could learn new vocabulary.【答案】7. to learn 8. if/whether 9. off 10. is called【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我们的大脑是如何在睡眠过程中学习新词汇的。【7题详解】考查不定式。句意：研究人员表示，在深度睡眠中学习新信息，并在稍后回忆这些信息是可能的。it is possible to do sth表示“做某事是可能的”，其中it是形式主语，
17、不定式是真正的主语，故填to learn。【8题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他们做了测试，看一个人是否能在睡觉时记住新单词和它们的解释。此处为宾语从句，表示“是否”，故填if/whether。【9题详解】考查动词短语。句意：睡觉时我们的大脑会打开半秒钟，然后关闭半秒钟。switch off表示“关闭、切断”，故填off。【10题详解】考查时态语态。句意：这种活动状态被称为“向上状态”。文章的基础时态为一般现在时，state 与call之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is called。第二节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，共 15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题
18、所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I grew up on a 40-acre farm in the small rural community of Illinois, as the fifth of six children.My parents, Robert and Patti, often noted during meals how everything on the table except sugar and wine came from the land._11_ running the farm, Dad was also a carp
19、enter. In the fall of 1980, he was working on a house when all of a sudden the ladder broke. His back was broken.He stayed in hospital for almost a month with his head and feet down _12_his back to align (成直线) correctly so the bones would heal.On Thanksgiving, Dad was still in hospital recovering fr
20、om his back injury. Normally he would take us to butcher pigs the day after the holiday, and that year my uncle _13_ up with my four cousins to help my two elder brothers _14_ our years supply of pork.When Dad came back home from the hospital, he was still in a back brace (支架) and _15_ to work. I wa
21、s too young to realize our family had no money coming in as Christmas _16_ . Another day we saw a car coming up the long driveway. Always longing for company, we kids were_17_ about who was visiting. Rose Anderson, our neighbor, was at the door, holding an envelope stuffed with money. She told my da
22、d she had_18_ money in the community and came to deliver it.Dad tried to refuse,_19_ Rose insisted. I can still hear her saying, “Robert, whenever someones baler (压捆机) breaks down, you bale their hay. Whenever someone passes away, Patti cooks. Its our _20_.”I learned later that we also _21_ gift bas
23、kets from more than one organization. That Christmas, I, a 6-year-old kid, understood what being a good neighbor was, and that as my parents were good neighbors, their_22_ would be returned. These tales of Christmas kindness will _23_ our heart, too.My parents were accustomed to being the _24_, not
24、the receivers of such generosity. They had a bit of pride to swallow, but continued all of their lives to show us kids the _25_of kindness.11. A. BesidesB. AboutC. ForD. By12. A. pushingB. pressingC. attractingD. allowing13. A. putB. brokeC. showedD. made14. A. buyB. prepareC. shareD. cook15. A. unw
25、illingB. unableC. readyD. eager16. A. approachedB. continuedC. passedD. ended17. A. worriedB. excitedC. curiousD. anxious18. A. collectedB. borrowedC. earnedD. saved19. A. forB. orC. soD. but20. A. ruleB. dutyC. turnD. favor21. A. refusedB. receivedC. sentD. bought22. A. prideB. kindnessC. moneyD. g
26、ift23. A. easeB. openC. winD. warm24. A. giversB. buyersC. workersD. farmers25. A. priceB. aimC. valueD. hope【答案】11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的父母平日里经常帮助有困难的邻居，一次，作者的爸爸受伤不能干活，正当家里没钱过圣诞节时，邻居送来了在社区筹集的一笔钱，这温暖了作者一家人的心。【11题详
27、解】考查介词词义辨析。A. Besides除之外（还）；B. About大约；C. For对于；D. By凭借。根据本空后的“running the farm, Dad was also a carpenter.”可知，除了经营农场，爸爸还是个木匠，故A项正确。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. pushing推；B. pressing按；C. attracting吸引；D. allowing允许。根据本空后的“his back to align (成直线) correctly so the bones would heal.”可知，爸爸在医院躺了一个月，让他的背部成直线，这样骨头就会愈合，
28、故D项正确。【13题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A. put up建造；B. broke up打碎；C. showed up露面；D. made up编造。根据本空后的“up with my four cousins to help my two elder brothers _4_ our years supply of pork”可知，爸爸受伤住院，所以那年我叔叔带着我的四个堂兄来帮我的两个哥哥准备我们一年的猪肉供应，故C项正确。【14题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. buy买；B. prepare准备；C. share分享；D. cook烹饪。根据上文可知，叔叔带着我的四个堂兄来帮我的两个哥哥
29、准备我们一年的猪肉供应，故B项正确。【15题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. unwilling不愿意；B. unable不能的；C. ready准备好的；D. eager渴望的。根据本空前的“When Dad came back home from the hospital, he was still in a back brace”可知，出院时，爸爸仍带着支架，不能干活，故B项正确。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. approached靠近、临近；B. continued继续；C. passed经过；D. ended结束。根据本空前的“I was too young to realize
30、 our family had no money coming in as Christmas”可知，我当时太小了，没有意识到随着圣诞节的临近，家里已经没有钱了，故A项正确。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A. worried担心的；B. excited兴奋的；C. curious好奇的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据本空前的“Always longing for company,”可知，孩子们总是渴望有人作伴，所以对谁来做客感到很好奇，故C项正确。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. collected筹集、募捐；B. borrowed借；C. earned赢得；D. saved节约。根
31、据本空前的“Rose Anderson, our neighbor, was at the door, holding an envelope stuffed with money.”可知，我们的邻居Rose Anderson拿着装满钱的信封来我家，她说这笔钱是她在社区筹集的，故A项正确。【19题详解】考查连词词义辨析。A. for因为；B. or否则；C. so所以；D. but但是。根据本空后的“Rose insisted”可知，爸爸拒绝收下这笔钱，但Rose坚持要我们收下，故D项正确。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. rule规则；B. duty职责；C. turn轮流、次序；D.
32、favor赞同。根据本空前的“Robert, whenever someones baler (压捆机) breaks down, you bale their hay. Whenever someone passes away, Patti cooks.”可知，她说以前谁家有困难时，爸爸总是去帮忙，现在该轮到他们（帮我家了），故C项正确。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. refused拒绝；B. received收到；C. sent发送；D. bought买。根据本空后的“gift baskets from more than one organization.”可知，我们还收到了来自多
33、个组织的礼品篮，故B项正确。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. pride骄傲；B. kindness善良；C. money钱；D. gift礼物。根据本空前的“that as my parents were good neighbors, ”可知，我父母也是好邻居，他们的善良得到了回报，故B项正确。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. ease缓和；B. open打开；C. win获胜；D. warm温暖。根据本空后的“our heart, too.”可知，这些圣诞节的善意故事也温暖了我们的心，故D项正确。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A givers给予者；B. buyers买家；C.
34、 workers工人；D. farmers农民。根据本空后的“not the receivers of such generosity.”可知，我父母习惯于做给予者而不是接受者，故A项正确。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. price价格；B. aim目的；C. value价值；D. hope希望。根据本空后的“of kindness”可知，他们一生都在向我们这些孩子展示善良的价值，故C项正确。【点睛】在完形填空的解题过程中，空格前后出现的具有否定意义的词往往是重要线索，例如本篇第14题，根据空后的“not the receivers of such generosity.”可知，我父母不
35、习惯做接受者，not表明此处与receivers的意思相反，故选givers。第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，35分）第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACourses & Curriculum of the College of Arts & Sciences in CornellThe diversity of the courses you can take in the College of Arts & Sciences is extraordinary:Academic Distribution RequirementsThe College
36、s academic distribution requirements will include: effective writing foreign language beyond the introductory level. imaginative and critical thinkingTo choose your courses for a semester, use the Class Roster. It shows the schedule of all classes offered in a particular term, along with class enrol
37、lment information and course details.The Class Roster is updated frequently.To plan your classes over your four years at Cornell, use the Courses of Study. It represents Cornells full catalog of courses and is published annually. It provides information on Cornell degree programs, requirements, poli
38、cies and procedures.If you need help call 607-255-5004 for an appointment with an advising dean. Or contact a career counselor in the Arts & Sciences Career Development Center at 607-255-4166 to talk about your interests and how they can translate into a major and a future career.A New CurriculumOn
39、October 30, 2018, the College of Arts & Sciences faculty（ 教员） approved a new undergraduate curriculum to be carried out over the next two to three years. The new curriculum focuses on the theme of exploration and reaffirms the colleges commitment to a liberal arts and sciences education. Students wh
40、o have questions about the new curriculum can view the approved proposal on the Course Designer app of Cornell.Innovative LearningIf youre one of the 3,000 students across the university taking biology or physics at the College, you may be part of an innovative（ 创新的） classroom project that uses acti
41、ve learning,a new model that is proving to be the quickest path to expert-level mastery.Your education at Cornell will extend far beyond the classroom. You can join a faculty members research team on campus, conduct field study research in different states or spend a semester with Cornell in Washing
42、ton D C. You could study abroad in one of more than 85 countries or develop your own research project through independent study. Give yourself the freedom to explore.26. If you want to plan your courses over the long run, you can use the _.A. Class RosterB. Courses of StudyC. Course DesignerD. Caree
43、r Center27. For students involved in an innovative classroom project, they _.A. may study a new modelB. are on the quickest way to be expertsC. will get more freedom during research projectD. have advantages of studying outside the classroom28. The article is probably taken from _.A. a travel magazi
44、neB. a science reportC. a college websiteD. an academic journal【答案】26. B 27. D 28. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了康奈尔大学艺术与科学学院提供的几门课程的相关信息。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据The Class Roster is updated frequently部分中的“To plan your classes over your four years at Cornell, use the Courses of Study.”可知，要计划在康奈尔大学四年的课程，请使用Courses of S
45、tudy，由此可知，如果想长远规划你的课程，应使用Courses of Study，故B项正确。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Your education at Cornell will extend far beyond the classroom. You can join a faculty members research team on campus, conduct field study research in different states”可知，康奈尔大学的教育远远超出课堂，创新课堂项目可以让你加入教员的研究团队或在不同的州进行实地研究，由此可知，参加创新课堂
46、项目的学生有课外学习的优势，故D项正确。【28题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了康奈尔大学艺术与科学学院提供的几门课程的相关信息，因此文章最有可能出现在学校的网站，故C项正确。【点睛】关于文章出处的推理判断题难度较大，需要根据文章内容判断文章来源，通读全文，特别是根据标题“Courses & Curriculum of the College of Arts & Sciences in Cornell”可知，本文介绍了康奈尔大学艺术与科学学院提供的几门课程的相关信息，这属于学校教育与招生范畴，因此文章最有可能出现在学校的网站而非旅游杂志、科学报道或学术期刊。BShould Paren
47、ts Teach Children How to Tweet?Social media is a seemingly endless source of concern for parents, with worries that it weakens their childrens confidence and attention spans. But others counter that it could also be broadening their horizons.The latest round of worry was sparked by a study of the im
48、pact of social media use on 8-12- year-olds published by Anne Longfield, Childrens Commissioner for England. The report focused on 32 children, who said they used social media to stay connected with friends and family and to have fun, by watching videos for example. But they also described pressures
49、 from constant contact, online comments that weaken their self-esteem, and the need to shape offline activities to make them shareable. “You see your friends going ice skating, partying or talking about how much revision they have done, and it can make you feel inadequate,” says Bea, a junior school
50、 student from Bristol, UK. “Its just so hard to get away from.”Children have to take risks on their journeys to adulthood, and desires to fit in and be popular existed before Mark Zuckerberg came along with Facebook. However, in previous generations these pressures came largely from people they knew
51、, and they mostly stayed outside the home. Now the pressures could come from any one of the nearly 3 billion people online, and follow them from school to home, and can even continue through the night.The pressures do get on parents nerves, among which the utmost concern is how their children can be
52、 protected from harms, given that social media is now integral to the way many young people interact. A good starting point is a basic understanding of childhood development milestones.Broadly, children have a high dependency on carers for security and guidance up to the age of 5, increasing indepen
53、dence and self-care from 6 to 11, and increasing autonomy and growing reliance on peers from 12-18 years old. Against this background, the suitability of social media for children of different ages should be considered respectively.According to Longfields study, children should be taught about onlin
54、e safety from an early age, better before secondary school. There is growing evidence that efforts need to be extended to provide earlier guidance on less extreme but more common risks, including oversharing, low selfesteem, addiction and insomnia. The evidence suggests she is right. However, approa
55、ches that focus merely on the potential negatives are unlikely to work.“My school has tried to do a lot, but it often involves trying to drill into us how bad social media can be,” says Bea. “People of my age really like social media, so I think a better approach would be if they said Although it is
56、 good, here are some negatives.”29. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that _.A. children used to face more dangersB. Facebook gives children the chance to fit inC. parents give their children much pressure at homeD. childrens pressures may come from strangers nowadays30. According to the passage, parent
57、s major concern for children is _.A. possible harm from social mediaB. comments from online friendsC. their reliance on social mediaD. pressures from oversharing31. We can infer from Beas words that _.A. teenagers dont believe social media has negativesB. adults overemphasize the bad effects of soci
58、al mediaC. it is easy for teenagers to get addicted to social mediaD. social media helps teenagers know their friends better【答案】29. D 30. A 31. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了家长们对孩子使用社交媒体的担心。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“in previous generations these pressures came largely from people they knew, and they mostly stayed
59、 outside the home. Now the pressures could come from any one of the nearly 3 billion people online, and follow them from school to home, and can even continue through the night.”可知，前几代孩子的压力主要来自他们认识的人，现在孩子的压力可能来自于近30亿网民中的任何一个人，由此可知，如今，孩子的压力可能来自陌生人，故D项正确。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The pressures do get on pa
60、rents nerves, among which the utmost concern is how their children can be protected from harms, given that social media is now integral to the way many young people interact.”可知，这些压力确实让家长们感到不安，其中最令人担忧的是他们如何才能保护孩子免受社交媒体的伤害，由此可知，父母主要担心的是社交媒体可能对孩子造成的伤害，故A项正确。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“People of my age reall
61、y like social media, so I think a better approach would be if they said Although it is good, here are some negatives.”可知，Bea认为如果家长们这样说（尽管社交媒体很好，但也有一些负面影响）会是一个更好的办法，由此可知，Bea的话表明了家长过分强调了社交媒体的负面影响，故B项正确。【点睛】涉及到人物态度的推理判断题的难度较大，体会人物所说的话的弦外之音是关键，例如本篇第3题，上文说仅仅是关注潜在的负面影响并不奏效，根据最后一段中Bea所说的话“People of my age
62、really like social media, so I think a better approach would be if they said Although it is good, here are some negatives.”可知，Bea认为如果家长们这样说（尽管社交媒体很好，但也有一些负面影响）会是一个更好的办法，这种说法首先肯定了社交媒体的好处，由此可知，Bea的话表明了家长过分强调了社交媒体的负面影响。CA Letter that Changed My LifeI was about 30 years old and was working as a firefigh
63、ter in the South Bronxs Engine Co. 82. It was a restful Sunday and between alarms I rushed to the office to read a copy of the New York Times. I read an article on the Book Review section which openly stated what I took to be a calumny that William Butler Yeats had gone beyond his Irishness and was
64、forever to be known as a universal poet. As I read it, my blood began to boil.There were few things I was more proud of than my Irish heritage, and ever since I first picked up a book of his poems from a shelf when I was in the military, Yeats had been my favorite Irish writer, followed by Sean OCas
65、ey and James Joyce.I grabbed a piece of paper and wrote out a letter of anger to the editor. Throughout Yeats poetry, his view of the world and the people in it was basically Irish. He had lived his life and written his poetry through the very essence of his Irish sensibility. It was offensive to th
66、ink Irishness was something to be transcended(超越).I dont know why I felt it my duty to safeguard the reputation of the worlds greatest poet. I just knew that I had to write that letter.After my letter got published, I received a letter from The New Yorker, asking for an interview. When my article Fi
67、reman Smith appeared in that magazine, the editor of a large publishing firm called me, asking if I was interested in writing a book about my life. I had little confidence to write a whole book, though the subject was worthy. I wrote Report From Engine Co. 82 in six months, and it sold really well.
68、In the years that followed, I wrote three more best-sellers.Being a writer had been far from my expectations. How had it happened? I often found myself thinking about it, and my thoughts always came back to that letter to the New York Times. For me, the writing was a natural consequence of the passi
69、on I felt and the subjects represented the great values burning within me as I wrote.Over the years, my five children have come to me with one dilemma or another. My answer is always the same. Think about what youre feeling and measure the heat of the fire in your heart, for that is your passion. Yo
70、ur education and your experience will guide you toward making a right decision, but your passion will enable you to make a difference in whatever you do. Thats what I learned the day I stood up for Irelands greatest poet.32. Why did the author write to New York Times?A. To present his love for liter
71、ature.B. To spread Irish culture to the world.C. To prove he has brilliant writing skills.D. To defend the reputation of an Irish poet.33. According to the author, what is the key to his success in writing?A. His skills in arguing.B. His experience as a firefighter.C. His passion in writing.D. His e
72、ducational background.34. The underlined word “calumny” in Paragraph 1 shows _.A. a positive feelingB. a negative feeling35. Write down the evidence (at least two) from the passage to support your idea._【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. 1) As I read it, my blood began to boil.2) I wrote out a letter of ange
73、r to the editor.3) It was offensive to think Irishness was something to be gone beyond.亦可以自己总结；围绕作者对文章和Irishness的情感态度入手，证据充分、表意正确即可。【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者给纽约时报写信捍卫爱尔兰诗人叶芝的名誉，没想到这封信改变了作者的一生，从此走上了写作的道路。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He had lived his life and written his poetry through the very essence of his Ir
74、ish sensibility. It was offensive to think Irishness was something to be transcended”可知，叶芝的一生和他的诗歌是通过他的爱尔兰情感的精髓来完成的，纽约时报的书评认为他的爱尔兰身份可以被超越是无理的，由此可知，作者给纽约时报写信是为了捍卫爱尔兰诗人叶芝的名誉，故D项正确。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“For me, the writing was a natural consequence of the passion I felt”可知，对作者来说，写作是他所感受到的激情的自然结果，由此可知，
75、作者认为写作成功的关键是激情，故C项正确。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“that William Butler Yeats had gone beyond his Irishness and was forever to be known as a universal poet. As I read it, my blood began to boil.”可知，我读的那篇文章公开说叶芝超越了他的爱尔兰身份，我认为这种说法是一种诽谤，我读的时候热血沸腾，由此可知画线词指的是“一种负面的感觉”，故B项正确。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As I read it, my bl
76、ood began to boil.”可知，读的时候，我热血沸腾；根据第三段中的“I grabbed a piece of paper and wrote out a letter of anger to the editor.”可知，我抓起一张纸，给纽约时报的编辑写了一封愤怒的信；根据第三段中的“It was offensive to think Irishness was something to be transcended”可知，认为叶芝的爱尔兰身份可以被超越是无理的，故填1) As I read it, my blood began to boil；2) I wrote out a
77、letter of anger to the editor.；3) It was offensive to think Irishness was something to be gone beyond.。【点睛】词义猜测题的难度较大，对画线词上下文的理解是关键，例如本篇第3题，破折号后的“that William Butler Yeats had gone beyond his Irishness and was forever to be known as a universal poet. As I read it, my blood began to boil.”是对画线词的解释说明，
78、整句话的意思是：我读的那篇文章公开说叶芝超越了他的爱尔兰身份，我认为这种说法是一种诽谤，我读的时候热血沸腾，由此可知画线词指的是“一种负面的感觉”，故B项正确。第二节 请根据题目要求作答。（ 共 10 小题， 每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分。）DAlphaZero-an Updated Model of AISoon after Garry Kasparov, the former world chess champion, lost his rematch against IBMs Deep Blue in 1997, the short window of human-machine c
79、hess competition slammed shut forever. Unlike humans, machines keep getting faster, and today a smartphone chess app can be stronger than Deep Blue. However, as people see with the new AlphaZero system, machine dominance has not ended the historical role of chess as a laboratory of cognition.Much as
80、 airplanes dont flap their wings like birds, machines dont produce chess moves like humans do. Based on a generic algorithm (算法), AlphaZero incorporates deep learning and other AI techniques like Monte Carlo tree search to play against itself to develop its own chess knowledge. Unlike the traditiona
81、l program Stockfish, which employs many preset evaluation functions as well as opening and endgame moves, AlphaZero starts out knowing only the rules of chess, with no preset human strategies. In a few hours, it plays more games against itself than have been recorded in human chess history. It teach
82、es itself the best way to play, reevaluating the relative values of the pieces. It quickly becomes strong enough to win 28, draw 72, and lose none in a victory over Stockfish. Since AlphaZero can program itself, this superior understanding allows it to outclass the worlds top traditional program des
83、pite calculating far fewer positions per second. Its the typical example of the clich, “work smarter, not harder”.AlphaZero shows that machines can be the experts, not merely expert tools. Explainability is still an issueits not going to put chess coaches out of business just yet. But the knowledge
84、it produces is information humans can learn from. AlphaZero is surpassing humans in a profound and useful way, and researchers are working on transferring the knowledge acquired from AlphaZero to other fields.Machine learning systems arent perfect. Even though great progresses have been achieved, AI
85、 algorithms are still struggling on open problems such as computer vision, natural language understanding. There will be cases where an AI will fail to detect exceptions to its rules. Therefore, as Kasparov writes, “We must work together to combine our strengths. I know better than most people what
86、its like to compete against a machine. Instead of raging against them, its better if were all on the same side.”Questions 1-5: Judge if the following statements agree with the information given in the passage.Choose A for TRUE if the statements agree with it; choose B for FALSE if the statements don
87、t agree with it; choose C for NOT GIVEN if the information the statements carry is not mentioned anywhere in the passage.根据文章内容判断下列表述。如果表述与文章内容一致，选 A 项；表述与文章内容不一致，选 B 项；文章中未提及的信息，则选 C 项。Questions 6-9: Choose the correct headings for Paragraphs 1-4 from the box. Note that there are two choices more t
88、han you need.请为文章的四段匹配小标题，从AF中选择。（提示：6个选项中有2项是多余的）A. The proper attitude to AIB. The history of AlphaZeroC. The limitations of machinesD. The influences of AlphaZeroE. The working theory of AlphaZeroF. The fast development of machines36. Machine dominance plays an important role in cognition study.3
89、7. AlphaZero knows opening and endgame moves before playing.38. AlphaZero develops chess strategies by playing against itself.39. Chess coaches have already been laid off throughout the world.40. Sometimes artificial intelligence may not discover exceptions to its rules.41. Paragraph 142. Paragraph
90、243. Paragraph 344. Paragraph 445. The author uses the underlined sentence in the last paragraph to _.A. argue for the advantages of AI over humansB. inform readers of machine dominance in chessC. advise people to work together to fight against AID. call on people to combine strengths with the machi
91、nes【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. A 41. F 42. E 43. D 44. A 45. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，以AlphaZero为例介绍了人工智能的发展以及我们应该对人工智能所采取的正确态度。【36题详解】根据文章内容可知，文章并没有提到机器的优势在认知研究中起重要作用，故填C。【37题详解】根据第二段中的“Unlike the traditional program Stockfish, which employs many preset evaluation functions as well as opening and endgame
92、moves, AlphaZero starts out knowing only the rules of chess, with no preset human strategies.”可知，与Stockfish预设了开局和结尾的走法不同的是，AlphaZero一开始只知道国际象棋的规则，没有预设的策略，由此可知AlphaZero在游戏开始前不知道开局和结尾的走法，故填B。【38题详解】根据第二段中的“In a few hours, it plays more games against itself than have been recorded in human chess histor
93、y. It teaches itself the best way to play,”可知， AlphaZero通过与自己对弈来发展国际象棋策略，故填A。【39题详解】根据第三段中的“its not going to put chess coaches out of business just yet.”可知，国际象棋教练还没有失业，故填B。【40题详解】根据最后一段中的“There will be cases where an AI will fail to detect exceptions to its rules.”可知，在一些情况下，人工智能无法发现规则的异常，故填A。【41题详解】
94、根据第一段内容，特别是“machines keep getting faster”可知，本段介绍了机器的迅速发展，故选F。【42题详解】根据第二段内容，特别是“AlphaZero starts out knowing only the rules of chess, with no preset human strategies.”可知，AlphaZero一开始只知道国际象棋的规则，没有预设的人类策略，由此可知，本段主要介绍了AlphaZero的工作原理，故选E。【43题详解】根据第三段内容，特别是“AlphaZero shows that machines can be the expert
95、s, not merely expert tools.”可知，AlphaZero证明了机器也可以成为专家，而不仅仅是专家的工具，由此可知，本段介绍的是AlphaZero的影响，故选D。【44题详解】根据第四段中的“We must work together to combine our strengths. I know better than most people what its like to compete against a machine. Instead of raging against them, its better if were all on the same sid
96、e.”可知，我们必须共同努力，把我们的优势结合起来，与其对它们大发雷霆，不如我们都站在一边，由此可知，本段介绍了我们应该对人工智能采取的正确态度，故选A。45题详解】推理判断题。画线部分的意思是我们必须共同努力，把我们的优势结合起来，与其对它们大发雷霆，不如我们都站在一边，由此可知，作者通过画线部分来号召人们将人类和机器的优势结合起来，故D项正确。第四部分:书面表达（15分）46.假设你是红星中学学生李华， 这学期你加入了学校的英语阅读沙龙并收获颇丰。 最近你收到负责沙龙活动的外教 Jim 的群发邮件，请阅读该邮件， 并给他回复。 回信需包括你收到邮件的感受，以及你对外教所提问题的建议。Dea
97、r members,I am afraid I wont be able to run our reading club next semester, as I was asked to teach another class on Thursday afternoonthe same time our club usually meets. Besides, it seems we do not have enough people joining this club, although some students did ask about registering. If you real
98、ly want to keep this club, can you think of any suggestions? Please write to me soon.Yours,Jim（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）_【答案】Dear Jim, As I read your email, I felt surprised, disappointed, and even a bit angry. The English reading club has been an important part of my life and Ive gained so much out of it.
99、For me, one of the best things is to go to the club, read a bit, and then share our ideas and thoughts after a very fatiguing long day. Its so much fun! Ive talked to friends at the club, and they all feel the same. How can the school simply take it away from us? I really would love to keep this clu
100、b. To do that, I think we can arrange another time since you have to teach on Thursday afternoon. Tell me some other times you are available and I will talk to the other club members to schedule a time that will work for all of us. You also mentioned that there are not enough people registering for
101、next semester. I think we can put up advertisements on campus, or spread the message via WeChat, or simply talk to those who do show interest. Anyway, I believe lots of students will come if they truly know what amazing things this club has to offer. Anyway, I truly love this club and I will work to
102、gether with you, as well as the other members, to keep this club and to continue exploring what reading is all about. Someone once said, “The best thing in the world is to teach someone to read.” You are doing the best thing, and dont ever give up!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。【详解】第1步：根据提示可
103、知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假设你是红星中学学生李华，这学期你加入了学校的英语阅读沙龙并收获颇丰。最近你收到负责沙龙活动的外教 Jim 的群发邮件，请阅读该邮件，并给他回复。 回信需包括你收到邮件的感受，以及你对外教所提问题的建议。时态应为一般现在时。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；arrange（安排），available（可得到的、有空的），schedule（预定），mention（提到），advertisement（广告），campus（校园），anyway（不管怎样），amazing（不可思议的），register（注册），fatiguing（使人劳累的）及truly（真诚
104、地）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有be an important part of（的重要部分），as well as（和一样），continue doing (继续做某事)， put up（张贴），take away from（把从中拿走）以及give up（放
105、弃），而且还使用了定语从句“Tell me some other times you are available and I will talk to the other club members to schedule a time that will work for all of us.”及“I think we can put up advertisements on campus, or spread the message via WeChat, or simply talk to those who do show interest.”，状语从句“As I read your e
106、mail, I felt surprised, disappointed, and even a bit angry.”，宾语从句“Anyway, I truly love this club and I will work together with you, as well as the other members, to keep this club and to continue exploring what reading is all about.”及“I believe lots of students will come if they truly know what amazing things this club has to offer.”，非谓语动词“To do that, I think we can arrange another time since you have to teach on Thursday afternoon.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
