1、Section Discovering Useful Structures每/日/金/句:Slow is easy to get sick, and hard work can keep fit.懒散易生病,勤劳可健身。语法专项突破附加疑问句自主感知1Wonderful gym,isnt it?2This isnt your first time here,is it?3You come here often,dont you?4Youve lost some weight,havent you?5You wont let me down again,will you?6Oh,I dont h
2、ave to come here every day,do I?7Of course not. Its up to you,isnt it? 自我发现1附加疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是句式,后一部分是句式,两者用逗号隔开。2附加疑问句一般是前肯定后,或者前否定后。3附加疑问句又称为反意疑问句。附加疑问部分的句式是:主语。其中的主语必须用。语法规则附加疑问部分附加在陈述句之后, 对陈述句所表示的事实或观点提出疑问。附加疑问句实际上是一种简略的一般疑问句。一、 附加反意疑问句的结构陈述句反意疑问句(助动词/be动词/情态动词陈述部分主语的相应代词)1陈述部分如果是肯定句, 其附加疑问部分用否定式
3、提问(助动词/情态动词/be动词not)。He has attended seven international events so far, hasnt he?到目前为止, 他已经参加过七次国际赛事, 是吗? You will come to China for the summer vacation, wont you?你将来中国度过暑假, 是吗? 名师点津(1)have(has)不是表示“有”的意思, 并在句中作谓语有具体实义动词的意义时, 其反意疑问部分的助动词要用do, does, did。例如:They had a meeting just now, didnt they?他们刚才
4、开了个会, 是吗? (2)everything, anything, something, nothing等不定代词作主语时,附加疑问部分的主语用it。Something will have to be done about the price, wont it? 得想点办法解决价格问题, 不是吗? everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等作主语时, 附加疑问部分中的主语通常用they, 也可用he。Somebody phoned while I was out, didnt they? 有人在我外出的时候打电话了, 是吗?
5、 2陈述部分是否定句, 其附加疑问部分用肯定形式提问。People shouldnt drop litter on the pavements, should they?人们不应该在路面上乱扔垃圾, 是吗? 即时演练1完成反意疑问句Jack has coffee with breakfast, ?Your brother has gone to the library, ?He is your teacher, ?You found the key in the bedroom, ?Everything has been ready, ?二、 某些特殊句型的反意疑问句1祈使句的反意疑问句: 表
6、示肯定意义的祈使句, 即表示“请求, 提示”, 其附加疑问部分用will you 表达, 有时也可以用wont you 表示。Do be careful when crossing the road, will you?过马路的时候一定要小心, 好吗?否定祈使句: 以Dont开始的祈使句: 表示“不要”, 用will you 提问。Dont forget to pay your income tax, will you?不要忘了上交你的收入所得税, 好吗?Lets引导的祈使句表示“建议”, 附加疑问部分用shall we?Lets set an example to the junior st
7、udents, shall we?让我们给中学生树立榜样, 好吗?Let me或 Let us引导的祈使句表示“请求”, 附加疑问部分为will you?Let us do it by ourselves, will you?我们独自做这件事, 好吗?Let me have a try again, will you?让我再尝试一次, 好吗?2感叹句的反意疑问句, 一律用否定式提问: What great progress he has made in such a short time, hasnt he? 他在这么短的时间取得了很大的进步啊, 是吗? 3陈述句含有情态动词must有两种情况
8、: (1)must表示“必须”, 附加疑问部分为mustnt/neednt.? You must work hard at English, mustnt you?你必须努力学英语, 是吧? (2)must表示推测, 其疑问部分必须与must 后面的主要动词相呼应。对现在动作或存在的情况的推测: He must be studying in the library now, isnt he? 他现在一定在图书馆学习, 是吗? 对过去发生的动作或存在的情况的推测: You must have studied English for five years, havent you?/ didnt y
9、ou? 你学英语一定有五年了吧, 是吗? She must have finished the report yesterday, didnt she? 她一定是昨天完成的报告, 是吗?4陈述部分中有否定副词: hardly; never; seldom; little; few; nowhere; nothing等词, 附加疑问部分用肯定式提问: He can hardly finish the task in such a short time,can he? 他在这么短的时间里几乎完不成这个任务, 是吗? 名师点津否定含义的动词或带有否定前缀的形容词等不视为否定词。He dislikes
10、 the sports, doesnt he? 他不喜欢运动, 不是吗? The meeting is unimportant, isnt it? 这次会议不重要, 不是吗? 5陈述部分是主从复合句时,附加疑问部分的代词和助动词应与主句中的主语和动词保持一致。She doesnt think that Tom sings best in the class, does she?她认为汤姆不是班里唱得最好的, 是吗? She is a professor who is learned and warmhearted, isnt she?她是一位博学热心的教授, 是吗? 6否定转移陈述部分的主句谓
11、语动词是think, believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine, 且主句主语为第一人称时, 疑问部分的主语和时态与宾语从句的主语和时态保持一致; 主句的主语为第二、三人称时, 后面的疑问部分与主句的主语、谓语一致。注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。We believe she can do it better, cant she?我们相信她能做得更好, 是吗? I didnt think he is fit for the work, is he?我认为他不适合这项工作, 是吗? 即时演练2完成反意疑问句There wont be any trouble, ?
12、Your mother must be an actress, ?What beautiful weather it is today, ?Tom doesnt believe it is true, ?You must have seen the film last week, ?Lets not meet at the airport, ?三、反意疑问句的回答1对反意疑问句的回答, 无论问题的提法如何, 如果事实是肯定的, 就用yes, 事实是否定的, 就要用no。He likes playing football, doesnt he? Yes, he does. / No, he do
13、esnt.他喜欢踢足球, 是吗? 是的, 他喜欢。/ 不是, 他不喜欢。2当陈述部分是否定结构, 附加疑问部分用肯定式提问时, 回答yes或no与汉语的意思正好相反。这种回答的yes要译成“不”, no要译成“是”。His sister didnt attend the meeting, did she? Yes, she did. / No, she didnt. 他妹妹没有参加会议, 是吗? 不, 她参加了。/ 是的, 她没参加。巧学助记反意疑问句速记口诀反意疑问并不难, 陈述疑问句中含。前后肯否恰相反, 否定词缀不能算。主谓时态要一致, 特殊情况记心田。实际情况来回答, 再把yes和no练。Section Discovering Useful Structures语法专项突破附加疑问句自我发现1陈述疑问2.否定肯定3.助动词/情态动词/be动词代词即时演练1doesnt hehasnt heisnt hedidnt youhasnt it即时演练2will thereisnt sheisnt itdoes hedidnt youshall we