1、北京市朝阳区2021届高三英语下学期3月质量检测（一模）试题（一）(考试时间90分钟 满分100分)本试卷共10页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Take an OptionJerry was a natural motivator. He was always in a good mood and always had something 1 to say, which really
2、made me curious. One day I went up to ask him how he did that. “Well, life is all about 2 . Its your option how you live your life,” Jerry replied.Soon I moved to another city. Several months later, I heard that Jerry was seriously injured in the chest while skiing. 3 , he was found quickly and rush
3、ed to the hospital. After 8 hours of surgery and weeks of intensive care, he was 4 from the hospital. Later, when we met again, I asked Jerry what had 5 his mind during the accident. “As I lay in the snow, I knew I had two options: One was to live, the other was to die. I chose to live,” Jerry said.
4、 “The paramedics (急救人员) were great. They kept telling me I was going to be fine. But when they 6 me into the emergency room and I saw the expressions on the faces of the doctors, I got really 7 . In their eyes, I read, Hes a dead man. I knew I needed to take action. I told them, Operate on me as if
5、Im alive, not dead. You see, I just tried to 8 their confidence.” Finally Jerry lived thanks to the skill of his doctors, but also because of his amazing 9 to live. Jerry has taught me a lot. I learn from him that every day we have the choice to live fully. Your 10 , after all, is everything.1. A. r
6、egularB. familiar C. positive D. typical2. A. choices B. trendsC. relations D. secrets3. A. NormallyB. Obviously C. Hopefully D. Luckily4. A. preservedB. released C. distinguished D. abandoned5. A. gone through B. put up C. turned in D. called for6. A. forcedB. followed C. wheeled D. recommended7. A
7、. boredB. frightened C. confused D. embarrassed8. A. express B. share C. gain D. inspire9. A. talent B. achievementC. desire D. evidence10. A. attitude B. standard C. abilityD. control第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A Learners dictionaries,
8、all in English, are specially designed to help students. 11 confuses students is how they can be easy to use. Well, the definitions are simpler than the words they describethey use high-frequency words. Students can also get grammatical and usage guidance, opposites, other expressions 12 (use) the w
9、ord and lots of examples. So you can see that the dictionary helps to increase your word power, and improve not only your reading and listening, but also your writing and speaking. There may also be a wide range of 13 (picture) to help you understand.B If you have been fishing, you know how hard it
10、is to catch a really big fish. One reason is that it is difficult to find the exact position of the fish. The other reason is that big fish wont just jump in the boat once they 14 (locate). Years ago, a man named Alf Dean 15 (overcome) both difficulties. Dean went fishing off the coast of South Aust
11、ralia. He pulled in a great white shark that weighed 2,664 pounds and measured over sixteen feet in length. That is 16 (big) fish ever caught by a single person. CMany people like travelling abroad. The extra money 17 (bring) in can be of great benefit to these countries. However, tourism has not be
12、en good news for the environment. First, transporting millions of tourists to their holiday destinations 18 (pollute) the air and the seas. Secondly, some beautiful landscapes are destroyed forever due to the newly-built hotels. And finally, fresh water supplies are running low 19 tourists consume m
13、uch water. To conclude, I think tourism has a lot of negative consequences on nature. If we want our planet to be a 20 (health) place, we need to travel less. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Skillshare is a video lesson app which has become highl
14、y popular nowadays. It will likely appeal more to older kids (age 14+) since classes focus primarily on professional development with topics like digital design, technology and marketing. There are also plenty of art and music classes for more creative learners. Read the developers privacy policy fo
15、r details on how your kidsinformation is collected, used and shared, and any choices you may have in the matter, and this privacy policy applies to all users. What is it about? Skillshare has a large database of online lessons taught by industry experts. Kids can search for a class by topic or by en
16、tering key words. Each class contains a series of video lessons that are taught as a lecture. Some classes have only a few lessons, while others have 10 or more. In fact, one guitar class has more than 100 lessons. Many classes include projects, and most end with a brief Final Thoughts lesson to sum
17、 up the class content. Theres a review section where users can leave advice. Kids can watch the lessons within that class directly from the app. They can also save classes to watch later, and any classes they begin are automatically saved to a watch list. Many classes are offered in the free version
18、 of the app, and a paid version gives users access to a much more extensive class listmore than 28,000 lessons.Is it any good?All the teachers in the app are passionate about their work, so its an excellent way to foster the same passion in your kids, as long as there is a genuine interest in the co
19、ntent being offered.What kind of membership are you interested in?1 month6 months12 months36 months$14.99 per month$12.99 per month$10.99 per month$6.99 per monthYou can cancel any time.Email address for contact: skillsharegdpr- 21. The passage is intended for _.A. kids B. parentsC. teachersD. indus
20、try experts22. How much should you pay monthly for an annual membership? A. $14.99.B. $12.99.C. $10.99.D. $6.99.23. What can we learn from the passage?A. Skillshare allows curious older kids to learn at their own pace.B. The privacy policy is limited to the registered members of Skillshare.C. Subscr
21、ibers can only cancel the order within one month of its purchase.D. Each class has more than 100 career-related lessons in the Skillshare app.BWhat animal pulls at your heartstringsa panda or a toad (蟾蜍)? Zoologist Lucy Cooke draws attention to some of the worlds least attractive animals. She hopes
22、to show the world why some of the most unlovable animals are actually the most interesting and deserving of our attention and protection.Cookes blogs and online videos bring her unusual storytelling style to a serious message: If we only care for the best loved animals, other important parts of the
23、web of life could be ignored. There are so many television shows about lovely animals like koala bears and kittens, she observes. All the attention seems focused on “celebrity” animals. “Those unusual creatures attract me because they tell an amazing evolutionary (进化) story,” Cooke said. “Im interes
24、ted in all of nature, not just the shiny bits.”Amphibiansanimals like frogs that live both on land and in watertop Cookes list. Over a third of amphibians are going extinct; its the worst extinction crisis since the dinosaurs were wiped off the planet. “Amphibians occupy a crucial spot in the middle
25、 of the food chain. If you remove them, everything else will be lost as well,” she noted. “That motivated me to start my blog, The Amphibian Avenger. When amphibians go extinct, birds and snakes that eat them also disappear. And since they breathe through their skin, they are easily attacked by poll
26、ution and climate change. That makes them fantastic instruments for measuring the health of ecosystems.”One of Cookes most popular online videos is about slothsextremely slow-moving animals that live in trees. Theyve always had a reputation for being lazy and stupid. In fact, “slothfulness” is the k
27、ey to the animals success, allowing the sloths liver (肝脏) to process poisonous substances found in the leaves it eats. Moving slowly also keeps it hidden from enemies. “My video showed the world how interesting they are,” Cooke said.The bats, dung beetles and more get their moment in the sun thanks
28、to Cooke. “I just want people to share my sense of amazement and love for these creatures.” Cooke stated. “Once you understand why theyre ugly or odd, youll appreciate them and want to save them as much as I do.” 24. Cooke started The Amphibian Avenger in order to _. A. make the animal popular with
29、peopleB. show her unique appreciation of beautyC. introduce the research on a new speciesD. explain the importance of this kind of animal25. Cookes video about sloths is an example of _. A. why some animals deserve their reputationB. why she thinks it necessary to save animalsC. how people focus on
30、some specific animalsD. how she is trying to change peoples minds26. What is the best title of the passage?A. Animal DefenderB. Intelligent AnimalsC. Cookes Storytelling BlogsD. The Secret of Extinct CreaturesCThe Land Under the SeaTen thousand years ago, as the last ice age ended, sea levels around
31、 the world were far lower than they are today. Much of the land under both the North Sea to the east of Britain and the English Channel which now separates France and Britain was part of a huge region of forests and grassy plains. Then the climate gradually became warmer and the water trapped in lar
32、ge masses of ice was released. Now the development of advanced sonar (声纳) technology, known as bathymetry, is making it possible to study this flooded landscape in extraordinary detail. A special echo (回声) sounder is fixed to the bottom of a survey ship and it makes wide sweeps across the seabed. Wh
33、ile previous technology has only been able to produce two-dimensional images, bathymetry can now use computers, satellite-positioning equipment and special software to create accurate and remarkably detailed maps. For the first time, an ancient riverbed jumps out of the three-dimensional image. The
34、site of pre-historic settlements can now be pinpointed. According to expert Linda Andrews, this technological development is of huge significance. “We now have the ability to map the seabed as accurately as we can map dry land,” she says.Once bathymetric techniques have identified sites where people
35、 might have built their homes and villages, divers can be sent down to investigate further. Robot submarines (潜艇) can also be used, and researchers hope they will find stone tools and wood from houses as proof of human activity. The idea shared by many people in Britain of their country as a natural
36、 island kingdom will be challenged by the findings: Britain has been inhabited for about 500,000 years and much of this time it has been linked on and off to continental Europe. It remains to be seen how far this new awareness is taken on board, however. In fact, the use of bathymetry will not be li
37、mited to the study of lost landscapes and ancient settlements. It will also be vital in finding ships that have been destroyed in accidents. In addition, commercial applications are a real possibility. Aggregates (骨材) for the construction industry are becoming increasingly expensive, and bathymetry
38、can be used to identify suitable sites for digging for this material. Mapping the seabed will also identify places where rare plants and shellfish are living. Digging at such sites should be prevented, either to work for a profit or to make deeper waterways for massive container ships. 27. How does
39、bathymetry work?A. It has an echo sounder placed on the seabed.B. It makes use of a number of different devices.C. It produces two-dimensional images of the sea floor.D. It bases its calculations on the location of construction sites.28. What does the underlined word “pinpointed” in Paragraph 2 prob
40、ably mean? A. Occupied. B. Adjusted. C. Rebuilt.D. Discovered.29. The author believes a better understanding of the settlements on the seabed may _.A. attract investment in the research under the seaB. inspire people to take an interest in modern technologyC. adapt the attitudes of the British to th
41、eir countrys historyD. receive confirmation of rebuilding ancient man-made objects30. We can learn that the use of bathymetry will help to _. A. identify new species of plants and animals B. provide the precise location of sunken shipsC. evaluate the cost of seeking certain resourcesD. promote the d
42、evelopment of deeper waterwaysDLessons in the Lost Art of ListeningWhen was the last time you listened to someone? And when was the last time someone really listened to you? I once asked people what it meant to be a good listener. The typical response was a blank stare. Of course, technology plays a
43、 role. People find phone calls interrupting them, preferring text or wordless emoji. Besides, schools and colleges rarely offer classes or activities that teach careful listening. You can join clubs to perfect your public speaking, but who attempts to achieve excellence in listening? The loud unplea
44、sant mixture of sounds of modern life also stops us from listening. Generally, listening goes beyond simply hearing what people say. It also involves paying attention to how they say it and what they do while they are saying it, in what context, and how what they say is related to you. Its not about
45、 merely holding your peace while someone else holds forth. Quite the opposite. A lot of listening has to do with how you respondthe degree to which you facilitate the clear expression of another persons thoughts and, in the process, have a clear mind of your own.Good listeners ask good questions. Th
46、ey engage in exploring the topic, not to divert attention. There are curious questions like “Wouldnt you agree?” or “Dont you think?” These questions have strong tendencies. They will greatly influence the other person to change his or her view. And youd better stay away from some personal questions
47、 like “What do you do for a living?” or “What part of town do you live in?” Just try to find out what excites people. Ask about the last movie they saw or for the story behind a piece of jewelry theyre wearing. Also good are expansive questions, such as, “If you could spend a month, where would you
48、go?” Research indicates that when people who dont know each other well ask each other this type of question, they feel more connected than if they spend time together achieving a task.Because our brain can think a lot faster than people can talk, be careful with the tendency to take mental side trip
49、s when you are listening. Smart peoples attention is easily taken away by their own runaway thoughts. They may also assume they already know what the other person is going to say. The reward of good listening will certainly be more interesting conversations. Researchers have found that attentive lis
50、teners receive more information from speakers, even when they dont ask any questions. We are, each of us, the sum of what we attend to in life. The gentle voice of a mother and the criticism of a boss both ultimately form and shape us. And to listen poorly, selectively or not at all limits your unde
51、rstanding of the world and prevents you from becoming the best you can be. 31. One of the factors that influence listening is that _.A. our confidence in listening is decreasing B. our speech creates a lot of noise around usC. listening skills are seldom taught in schoolD. texting causes a better ef
52、fect than phone calls 32. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Why the art of listening gets lost by itself.B. Why effective methods are used in listening.C. How people make themselves well understood.D. How people can reclaim the lost art of listening.33. According to the author, what should
53、 people do when they are listening?A. Avoid being absent-minded. B. Come up with curious questions.C. Focus on the speakers personal information.D. Try to find common interests with the speaker.34. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Listening and speaking deserve equal attention. B. Good list
54、eners maximize the benefits for themselves.C. Bad listening ultimately contributes to peoples failure.D. Listeners clear mind facilitates speakers expression of thoughts.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Blind Olympic Athletes Show the Universal NatureTune into any sport
55、s coverage on TV, and you will see many athletes proudly raise their arms and heads in victory, while a much larger number hang their shoulders and necks in defeat. Studies have revealed whythey are universal behaviours, performed by humans in response to success and failure.The discovery came from
56、Jessica Tracy from the University of British Columbia and David Matsumoto from San Francisco State University, who wanted to see how people showed feelings of pride and shame. 35 They tried to find a large group of people, and it was critically important that some of these subjects had never seen ot
57、her people reacting to success or failure before. The answer was Athens, during the 2004 Olympic Games. Its sister competitionthe Paralympicsincluded many athletes who were born blind. 36 Working with a professional photographer, Tracy and Matsumoto compared the body language of 108 competitors, 41
58、of whom had lost their sight, and 12 of whom were blind from birth. The photographer repeatedly took pictures of these athletes after their competitions, and the researchers carefully recorded the positions of their heads, arms and bodies. 37 The winners tilted their heads up, smiled, lifted their a
59、rms and puffed out their chests, while shoulders bent forward and narrowed chests were the marks of losers. 38 Men and women who have never seen other people behave in these ways still make exactly the same movements. And while its possible that parents may have taught their blind children some of t
60、hese actions, its very unlikely that they could have taught them allparticularly the expansion or narrowing of the chest. These actions were also remarkably consistent between contestants from every part of the world. Tracy and Matsumoto argue that pride and shame deserve a place alongside other pri
61、mary emotions like happiness, fear and surprise. 39 A. They are inborn behaviours and are accompanied by their own distinct sets of actions.B. In fact, the culture was found to have only a very small effect on their body language.C. Therefore, they could not have witnessed how other people reacted t
62、o winning and losing.D. The result suggested that the athletes were showing their pride based on careful observation.E. The athletes behaviours give strong evidence that they have had the actions naturally since birth.F. Analyzing the data, they found that the sighted and sightless athletes behaved
63、in almost exactly the same ways. G. In particular, they wanted to know whether these expressions were culturally determined and learned through observation.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 （共4小题；第40至41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。Discovered by AmateursSome astronomers sp
64、end their entire careers looking for new discoveries in space, but a 10-year-old Canadian girl found one on her first try. In January, 2011, Kathryn Gray, who often studied stars, was looking at recent pictures of outer space and comparing them to pictures taken years earlier. The pictures were just
65、 thousands of tiny spots of light, but Gray spotted a star that looked different in the recent pictures. Could it possibly be a supernova (超新星)? Usually a supernova is brighter, and it becomes visible through a telescope due to the brightness. Later Grays discovery was confirmed, and she became the
66、youngest person to discover a supernova.Throughout history, important discoveries in astronomy have been made by amateurs. An early example is William Herschel, who discovered Uranus in 1781. Uranus had been observed before, but expert astronomers thought it didnt belong to our solar system. When He
67、rschel saw it with a telescope he had designed and built himself, he realized that it was orbiting the sun. This meant that Uranus was a planet. And so, the map of our night sky was changed forever.Then in 1930, a major discovery was made by a 24-year-old man, a farmers son, with no college educatio
68、n or formal training in astronomy. Clyde Tombaugh had built a homemade telescope using instructions from an article in a boys magazine. He used to draw detailed pictures of the surfaces of Mars and Jupiter. He sent the pictures to Dr. V. M. Slipher at the Lowell Observatory, who was so impressed and
69、 offered him a job on his team. Within a year, Tombaugh discovered a ninth planet, Pluto. It was regarded as a planet for 76 years, but scientists decided in 2006 that Pluto didnt meet all of the criteria for a true planet. It was then considered to be a dwarf planet.John Dobson is another influenti
70、al amateur astronomer because he enabled so many others to take up astronomy as a hobby. In 1956, after constant attempts, he built a powerful telescope out of low-cost materials, such as paper tubes used in construction. With affordable tools like Dobsons telescope, more amateurs today have the tec
71、hnology that is needed to make discoveries of their own.40. How did Kathryn Gray discover the supernova?41. Why did Clyde Tombaugh get a job at the Lowell Observatory? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The four amateur astronomers we
72、re all interested in astronomy and did some research,so they finally made discoveries of their own. 43. Which of the amateur astronomers mentioned in the passage has impressed you most? Why? (about 40 words) （请务必将第40至43题的答案写在答题卡指定区域内）第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校下个月将要举办主题为“寻找春天，拥抱自然”的踏青骑行活动，请给你校的交换生Ji
73、m写一封邮件，邀请他参加此次活动，内容包括：1. 活动安排；2. 准备事项。注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）英语 参考答案 2021.03第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）1C2A3D4B5A6C7B8D9C10. A第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）11What 12using 13pictures14are located15overcame 16the biggest17brought 1
74、8pollutes19because20healthy第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）21B22C23A24D25D26A27B28D29C30B31C32D33A34B第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）35G 36C37F38E39A第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第二节 （共4小题；第40至41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）40. Kathryn Gray discovered the supernova when she was comparing recent pictures of outer space
75、to those taken years earlier. 41. Clyde Tombaugh impressed Dr. V. M. Slipher with his pictures of the surfaces of Mars and Jupiter, so he was offered a job at the Lowell Observatory.42. The four amateur astronomers were all interested in astronomy and did some research, so they finally made discover
76、ies of their own. According to the passage, not every amateur astronomer made a discovery although they were all astronomy hobbyists. 43. (1) Kathryn Gray, the youngest person to discover a supernova, has impressed me most. Although she was young, she had her own hobby and devoted her time to it. It
77、s the key to her success. Thats why she has impressed me most. (2) John Dobson has impressed me most. He didnt make a discovery, but he provided the technology of making affordable tools, enabling more people to take up astronomy as a hobby. He is more influential in a sense. So he has impressed me
78、most. （请根据学生答题情况酌情给分） 第二节（20分）一、评分原则：1本题总分为20分，按5个档次给分。2评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。 4拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑；英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。5词数100左右；在有限行数内完成作文，且词数不少于80，否则扣1分。二、各档次的给分范围和要求：第一档（18分20分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。内容完整，条理清楚；语言得体，准确恰当；交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了交际的
79、需求；体现出较强的语言运用能力。完全达到了预期的写作目的。第二档（15分17分）完成了试题规定的任务。内容完整，条理较为清楚；语言较为准确恰当；交际较为得体，表达时考虑到了交际的需求；体现出较好的语言运用能力。达到了预期的写作目的。第三档（12分14分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。内容基本完整；语言达意；有语用意识，能够考虑交际需求；语法或用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。第四档（6分11分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务。内容不完整；所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对写作内容的理解；缺乏语用意识，没有考虑交际需求。未能清楚地传达信息。第五档（1分5分）未完成试题规定
80、的任务。写了少量相关信息；语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解；完全没有语用意识，没有达到交际需求。0分未传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。三、Possible versions:1.Dear Jim, How is everything going? Spring has come and our school is going to organize a cycling activity themed “Greet Spring, Embrace Nature” on April 10th. I am writing to invite you to join us. Her
81、e is some information about the activity. At 8:00 am, we will gather at the school gate and then go to the famous cycling park in the suburbs. After arriving there, we will rent road bikes and begin our cycling along the 10-kilometer-long route. After that, we will have a picnic. Its a good chance t
82、o get some exercise and enjoy the beautiful view in the countryside. Dont forget to wear your helmet and protective gloves if you come. Youd better bring your lunch pack with you. I hope we can have fun together. If you are interested in it, just let me know. Yours,Li Hua2.Dear Jim, How is everythin
83、g going? Knowing you are interested in cycling, Im writing to invite you to take part in the Spring Cycling to be held next month. I believe this is a fantastic opportunity to enjoy spring and embrace nature. There are two routes to choose from: A 40-mile route and a shorter 20-mile route, which wil
84、l be fully signposted along the way. Both routes will give you the chance to cycle along some country roads. You can relax and enjoy the beauty of nature while improving fitness. Everything will be well organised including a hearty lunch, support vehicles with fresh fruit and water and medical help, so you only need to prepare your personal insurance, a road bike and a change of clothes. If you are interested in it, let me know and Ill send you more information. Yours,Li Hua
