1、第6讲 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致专题训练对应学生用书P036.单句语法填空1Over the last two generations in the UK and US，industrialization _ (slow) down and more people have become dissatisfied with life in urban areas.解析根据时间状语“Over the last two generations”可知，本句时态要用现在完成时，主语industrialization是抽象名词且与谓语是主动关系。故填has slowed。答案has slowed2Pe
2、ople _ (have) better access to health care than they used to，and they re living longer as a result.解析句意：人们有了比过去更便捷的医疗服务，因此寿命更长了。由句子结构和句意可知，此句叙述的是现在的事情，故用动词的一般现在时。答案have3At first, both of them joined together and the frog _ (lead) his friend towards the pool in which he lived，and didnt stop until he
3、reached the side of the water.解析与and前的joined呼应，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。答案led4As you go through this book，you _ (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience.解析本句中as引导的时间状语从句用了一般现在时表示将来，故主句需用一般将来时。答案will find5Actually I did. I phoned the manager this mo
4、rning，expressing my unhappiness with their food. And he promised that he _ (look) into my complaint as soon as possible.解析由promised可知，此处表示从过去看将要发生的动作，要用过去将来时。答案would look6We _ (leave) very early so we packed the night before.解析句意：我们打算很早就出发，因此我们前一夜就打好包了。此处表示过去计划好将要发生的动作，用过去进行时表示将来。答案were leaving 7One
5、 day I _ (read) a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was WagmanLindas married name.解析考查句式be doing.when.，再根据One day可判断应用过去时，故填was reading。答案was reading8Shortly after he borrowed this book, he _(call) to London to continue his research
6、.解析根据borrowed可推知，设空处需用一般过去时，主语he与call为被动关系，故设空处需用一般过去时的被动语态。答案was called9It is about taking action to show the world that the right to read and write _ (belong) to all people.解析主句为It is about taking action to show the world。that引导宾语从句，其中宾语从句主语是the right to read and write，belong to为宾语从句的谓语，它没有进行时和被动语
7、态，故填belongs。答案belongs10. How close parents are to their children _(have) a strong influence on the development of the childrens characters.解析从句How close parents are to their children作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，故填has。have an influence on为固定短语，意为“对有影响”。句意为：父母与孩子之间的亲密程度对孩子性格的形成有很大的影响。答案has.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1(2017全国卷)B
8、efore getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructors orders，but once I started the car，my mind goes blank._解析由本句中的时态和语境可知，goes应改为went。若上下文叙述的是同一件事情，则时态应具有一致性。答案goeswent2Since thenfor all these yearswe had been allowing tomatoes to selfseed where they please._解析根据时间状语“Since then”和“for a
9、ll these years”可知本句用现在完成时。答案hadhave3Some students thought its a good idea to keep pets because many old people who live alone at home can get some comfort from them._解析根据语境可知应使用一般现在时。故将thought改为think。答案thoughtthink4She told me they havent yet made any decision about her mother coming to live with th
10、em._解析根据语境可知，make这一动作发生在told之前，表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。答案haventhadnt5I hope you consider my application before you give me an answer._ _解析本句hope后面的宾语从句表示将来要发生的动作，应该用一般将来时。答案consider前加will6I have to go to work by taxi because my car is repaired at the garage._ _解析根据句意“我不得不乘出租车去上班，因为我的车正在修理厂修理。”可知，repair是一个
11、正在发生的动作，且my car与repair之间是被动关系，故此句应用现在进行时的被动语态。答案is后加being7That was the first time that I applied for a parttime job，and it was such a success._解析句意：那是我第一次申请兼职工作，而且我做得很成功。That was the first time从句，从句的谓语用过去完成时。答案applied前加had8She was proved very patient and warmhearted._解析句意：结果证明她很有耐心、很热心。此处prove是系动词，意
12、为“结果是，证明是”，不用于被动语态。答案去掉was9In the last years, significant advances have made in strawberry genetic transformation at home and abroad._解析句意：在过去几年里，国内外草莓转基因研究取得了重大进展。根据语境可知，主语“significant advances”是动词“make”的承受者，所以用被动语态。答案have后加been10There exist now a park that has a small river running through._解析此句为倒
13、装句，主语为“a park”，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。答案existexists.语法填空When he was a little boy, Christopher Cockerell once 1._ (watch) his mother turning the wheel of her sewingmachine with her hand.“Wouldnt it work quicker if a machine turned the wheel for you？” he asked.“I suppose it would，” said his mother，without pa
14、ying him any attention.Christopher 2._ (know) she always had a lot of work, and he wanted to help her.Up in his bedroom there was a toy steamengine which his father 3._ (buy) him as a gift. “I 4._ (make) better use of it，” little Christopher said to himself. So，when his mother 5._ (not，use) her sewi
15、ngmachine，he fixed the toy steamengine onto it. When the job 6._ (finish)，he was quite pleased，thinking his mother 7._ (like) it.“Very clever，” his mother said, when she 8._ (see) it. Then she sat down and went on turning the wheel by hand.“I 9._ (work) like this for too many years，”she explained.Th
16、is taught Christopher Cockerell the lesson that anyone who tries to improve anything 10._ (have) to learn：Many people dont like new ideas.1_2._3._4_5._6._7_8._9._10_答案与解析【语篇解读】文章讲述了Christopher Cockerell改进了妈妈的缝纫机，使其工作更快，但是妈妈却不想用的故事。该故事告诉我们一个道理：很多人不喜欢新的观点。1watched由前面的时间状语When he was a little boy可知，应用过
17、去时。2knew文章整体叙述的是过去的事，应该用过去时。3had boughtbuy这个动作发生在there was这个动作之前，即“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。4shall /will make句意：我将要更好地利用它。表示一个将来的动作，应该用将来时。5was not using句意：当他的妈妈不用缝纫机的时候，他将玩具蒸汽机固定在了上面。根据语境可知此处应用过去进行时。6was finishedjob与finish之间是被动关系，时态用过去时，故填was finished。7would like根据语境可知，此处表示过去的将来，故用过去将来时。8saw由his mother said可
18、知，应该用过去时。9have been working由for many years可知，这个动作从过去持续到现在，有可能延续下去，故用现在完成进行时。10has此处表示一个客观的事实，用一般现在时。.短文改错Attention, swimmer! Please listen carefully to the followed information. All guests must sign out and leave a photo ID at the front desk. It is required which all swimmers should shower with soap
19、 before entering the pool. In addition to, all swimmers must wear proper bathing suits. If our staffs determined that your clothes are not appropriate, you will be forbidden to enter the pool. If you are sick and have signs of illness, dont use the pool. Please remind your children to use the bathro
20、om. If they have “accidents”， report them to the gym staff immediate. Children under 10 years old must be accompanied by a adult at all times. Remind children that spitting not allowed.答案与解析Attention, ！ Please listen carefully to the information. All guests must sign and leave a photo ID at the fron
21、t desk. It is required all swimmers should shower with soap before entering the pool. In addition ， all swimmers must wear proper bathing suits. If our staffs that your clothes are not appropriate, you will be forbidden to enter the pool. If you are sick have signs of illness, dont use the pool. Ple
22、ase remind your children to use the bathroom. If they have “accidents”， report them to the gym staff .Children under 10 years old must be accompanied by adult at all times. Remind children that spitting not allowed.考查名词的单复数。根据文章可知，是告知所有的游泳者，故要用复数。考查非谓语动词。following意为“下面的；以下的”，而followed意为“跟随的；服从的”，本句意
23、为“请仔细听以下的信息”。考查介词。sign out“签约雇用；签约参加”；sign in“签到；注册；登记；签收”。本句指所有客人必须在前台签到并留下照片身份证。考查主语从句的连词。分析句子“It is required which all swimmers should shower.”可知，本句中it是形式主语，真正的主句是“which all swimmers should shower.”，而此从句是一完整的句子，不缺少主语或宾语或表语等，这种情况用that引导从句，并且that在从句中不作成分。考查固定搭配。in addition意为“另外；加之；此外”。如果表达“除之外”时，要用in addition to宾语。而本句中to后面没有宾语。 考查时态。句意：如果我们的员工认为你的衣服不合适，将禁止你进入游泳池。分析本句可知从句要用一般现在时。考查连词。句意：如果你生病或有生病的迹象，不要使用游泳池。分析句子可知，生病或(or)有生病的迹象，而非生病和有生病的迹象。考查副词作状语。分析句子可知，如果，立即向健身房员工报告。作状语修饰动词report要用副词。考查冠词。名词adult第一个音素是元音，要用冠词an。考查谓语动词。句意：提醒孩子不要随地吐痰(即禁止吐痰)。
