1、课时分层作业(五)补集(建议用时:40分钟)一、选择题1若全集U0,1,2,3且UA2,则集合A的真子集共有()A3个B5个C7个 D8个CA0,1,3,真子集有2317个2已知全集UR,Ax|x0,Bx|x1,则集合U(AB)()Ax|x0 Bx|x1Cx|0x1 Dx|0x2或x2,Nx|x3或x1都是全集U的子集,则图中阴影部分所表示的集合是()Ax|2x1 Bx|2x2Cx|1x2 Dx|x2A阴影部分表示的集合为N(UM)x|2x1,故选A.5已知M,N为集合I的非空真子集,且M,N不相等,若NIM,则MN等于()AMBN CI DA因为NIM,所以NM(如图),所以MNM.二、填空
2、题6设全集UR,则下列集合运算结果为R的是_(填序号)ZUN;NUN;U(U);UQ.结合常用数集的定义及交、并、补集的运算,可知ZUNR,故填.7设全集UR,Ax|xm,若UAB,则实数m的取值范围是_m|mm,由UAB可知m1.8已知集合Ax|2x3,Bx|x1,则A(RB)_.x|1x3Ax|2x3,Bx|x1,RBx|x1,A(RB)x|1x3三、解答题9已知U1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,A3,4,5,B4,7,8,求AB,AB,(UA)(UB),A(UB),(UA)B.解法一(直接法):由已知易求得AB4,AB3,4,5,7,8,UA1,2,6,7,8,UB1,2,3,5,6,(
3、UA)(UB)1,2,6,A(UB)3,5,(UA)B1,2,4,6,7,8法二(Venn图法):画出Venn图,如图所示,可得AB4,AB3,4,5,7,8,(UA)(UB)1,2,6,A(UB)3,5,(UA)B1,2,4,6,7,810已知全集Ux|x4,集合Ax|2x3,Bx|3x2,求AB,(UA)B,A(UB),U(AB)解如图所示Ax|2x3,Bx|3x2,Ux|x4,UAx|x2,或3x4,UBx|x3,或2x4ABx|2x2,ABx|3x3故(UA)Bx|x2,或3x4,A(UB)x|2x3,U(AB)x|x3,或3x411已知全集U1,2,3,4,5,6,7,A3,4,5,
4、B1,3,6,那么集合2,7是()AAB BABCU(AB) DU(AB)DAB1,3,4,5,6,U(AB)2,712已知集合Ax|xa,Bx|1x2,且A(RB)R,则实数a的取值范围是()Aa|a1 Ba|a2C由于A(RB)R,则BA,可知a2.故选C.13设全集U1,2,x22,A1,x,则UA_.2若x2,则x222,与集合中元素的互异性矛盾,故x2,从而xx22,解得x1或x2(舍去)故U1,2,1,A1,1,则UA214(一题两空)已知全集U不大于20的素数,若M,N为U的两个子集,且满足M(UN)3,5,(UM)N7,19,(UM)(UN)2,17,则M_,N_.3,5,11
5、,137,11,13,19法一:U2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,如图,所以M3,5,11,13,N7,11,13,19法二:因为M(UN)3,5,所以3M,5M且3N,5N.又因为(UM)N7,19,所以7N,19N且7M,19M.又因为(UM)(UN)2,17所以U(MN)2,17,所以M3,5,11,13,N7,11,13,1915设全集UR,集合Ax|x2或x5,Bx|x2求:(1)U(AB);(2)记U(AB)D,Cx|2a3xa,且CDC,求a的取值范围解(1)由题意知,Ax|x2或x5,Bx|x2,则ABx|x2或x5,又全集UR,则U(AB)x|2x5(2)由(1)得Dx|2x5,由CDC得CD.当C时,有a1;当C时,有解得a.综上,a的取值范围为a|a1.