1、Unit 2 第一节阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。AOn a hot evening in September, the Highland High School team was pronouncing to win its first game of the season. “I was really excited，” said Highlanders linebacker Ryan Ferrini. “This was the game when it finally came together.” With several seconds lef
2、t in the fourth quarter and the Tompkins High School team up 2928, all the Highlanders had to do was go one yard for a touchdown to seize a dramatic comefrombehind victory. On the previous play, after the Highlanders had driven the ball deep into the Tompkins territory (防守区), quarterback Will Gentry
3、 had connected with receiver Austin Brauweiler at the threeyard line. As Brauweiler turned upfield, a Tompkins defender delivered a hit, knocking them both to the ground at the oneyard line.“There was a huge force, as if a truck had hit me，” said Brauweiler, who suffered from the collision (撞击). But
4、 it was the Tompkins player who got the worst of it. He lay still on the ground and a doctor had been called. Thats when the Tompkins coach walked across the field and told Highlanders coach Colschen that his players were too upset to finish the game and they would lose the game.“In life, the wellbe
5、ing of others is whats important, not the scoreboard，” said Colschen. He gathered his Highlanders and told them it was time to support their grieving (悲伤的) competitors. They agreed.After the injured player was airlifted to a hospital, the two teams took the field again. The Highland teams teammates
6、took a knee and didnt start any action, only waiting for the game clock to strike zero. Game over.“What my players did was amazing，” said Colschen. “I was surprised and encouraged that they were thinking not about themselves but about others.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在一场比赛中发生了双方队员相撞事件后，其中一方的队员为了尊重对方队员将最后
7、的比赛时间耗尽的故事。1What can we learn from Paragraph 1?AThe match was coming to an end.BThe match would end the football season.CThe Highlanders is a difficult team to beat.DThe Tompkins was confident of victory in the final.【答案】A【解析】根据第一段中的“With several seconds left in the fourth quarter and the Tompkins H
8、igh School team up 2928”可知，比赛快要结束了，故选A。2Who was most injured in the collision?AA Highlanders player.BA Tompkins defender.CAustin Brauweiler.DWill Gentry.【答案】B【解析】根据第二段中的“a Tompkins defender delivered a hit, knocking them both to the ground at the oneyard line”以及第三段中的“it was the Tompkins player who g
9、ot the worst of it”可知，是Tompkins的防守队员受伤最为严重，故选B。3Why did the Highlanders take no action until the end of the game?ABecause they had already won it.BBecause one of their players got injured.CBecause they were given an unfair judgment.DBecause they cared and respected their competitors.【答案】D【解析】根据第四段、第
10、五段的内容以及最后一段中的“I was surprised and encouraged that they were thinking not about themselves but about others”可知，在相撞事件发生后，Highlanders的队员们认为在比赛中身体健康才是最为重要的，所以Highlanders的队员们在比赛结束前任凭时间一分一秒过去而不采取任何行动，这也是为了安慰因队友受伤而伤心的对方队员们，表示对对手的尊重。故选D。4What message is conveyed in the passage?AMore haste, less speed.BAll m
11、en cannot be first.CBetter to be safe than sorry.DFriendship first, competition second.【答案】D【解析】根据倒数第二段中的“The Highland teams teammates took a knee and didnt start any action, only waiting for the game clock to strike zero”和最后一段中的“they were thinking not about themselves but about others”可以看出，在双方的竞争中，
12、Highland高中的队员们没有一味地为了追求成功而不顾对方的感受，相反，他们把对对手的尊重置于个人的荣誉之上，这传达出的正是“友谊第一，比赛第二”的精神，故选D。A项意为“欲速则不达”；B项意为“不可能人人得第一名”；C项意为“安全胜过遗憾”。BIf your friends are happy, it turns out youre more likely to be happy too. If your friends are overweight, that too ups the chances youll gain weight. Those effects have been s
13、hown in studies. And now researchers have identified another seemingly contagious quality: exercise.The researchers analyzed the running activity of more than a million people worldwide who used an exercise tracking device (装置) for five years. And they used weather patterns as a way to randomly exam
14、ine different parts of that global network.“Cities have different weather patterns，” Sinan Aral, a computational social scientist at MIT says. This experiment allowed them to ask: Does a rainy day in New York affect running in San Diego? If the weather in New York causes changes in the running behav
15、ior in San Diego, it can really only be happening through the influences of the friends who live between New York and San Diego.And that is exactly what he and his colleague saw: that the behavior of one citys runners could indeed affect the behavior of runners in another socially connected city. Wo
16、men tended to be influenced more by the female runners in their networks. And less active runners tended to influence more active runners to run more, but not so much the other way around.Still, this could be valuable for health professionals. “We have to start thinking of consumers and citizens as
17、networked consumers and citizens. Where they are influenced by and influence their social network in very strong ways, that will change the way a particular intervention (干涉) succeeds or fails.”In other words, if your prescription is more exercise, the doctors might want to write a prescription for
18、your friends and family, too.体裁：说明文题材：调查研究主题：锻炼也会传染【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了锻炼也会传染。【熟词生义】up常用义：adv.向上地本句义：vt.提高，增加【难句分析】If the weather in New York causes changes in the running behavior in San Diego, it can really only be happening through the influences of the friends who live between New York and San Diego.分析
19、：这是一个复合句。If引导条件状语从句，主句中含有who引导的定语从句，who指代先行词the friends，并在定语从句中作主语。译文：如果纽约的天气造成圣地亚哥人的跑步行为改变，那么这种改变真的只能通过住在纽约和圣地亚哥之间的朋友的影响来实现。5Which does the underlined word “contagious” in Paragraph 1 mean?AInfectious. BExcellent.CBeneficial. DDifferent.【答案】A【解析】根据画线词前的“If your friends are happy. youll gain weight”
20、可知，这些具有传染的特征。故画线词的词义是“传染性的”，故选A项。6What can we conclude from the experiment?AWeather changes peoples feelings.BPeoples behavior affects each other.CExercise has something to do with weather.DPeoples connection depends on distance.【答案】B【解析】根据第四段中的“that the behavior of one citys runners could indeed af
21、fect the behavior of runners in another socially connected city”可推知，人们的行为是互相影响的，故选B项。7What does “this” in Paragraph 5 refer to?AWomen are easier to be influenced by male runners.BPeople in the same city affect each other more.CFriends tend to influence each other in exercising.DA rainy day in one ci
22、ty affects running in another.【答案】C【解析】根据第四段的最后两句“Women tended to be influenced more by the female runners in their networks. And less active runners tended to influence more active runners to run more, but not so much the other way around”并结合第五段内容可推知，this指代的是第四段最后两句的内容，即朋友在锻炼时往往是互相影响的，故选C项。8Which o
23、f the following can be the best title for the text?AThink twice before runningBMore exercise benefits healthCWeather patterns affect running behaviorDHealthy behavior can spread like illness【答案】D【解析】本篇文章开篇提到如果你的朋友快乐，那你也快乐的可能性很大；如果你的朋友体重超重，那你体重增加的概率也会上升，这些效应已经被研究证明。现在研究人员证实了另一个似乎具有传染性的东西：锻炼。故D项最适合作本文
24、的标题。 CIn ancient Egypt，a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment.Modern businesses have been following his lead，with more tactics (策略)One tactic involves where to display the goods.For example，stores place fruits and vegetables in
25、 the first section.They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food(垃圾食品) later in their trip.In department stores，the womens shoe section is generally next to the womens cosmetics (化妆品) section：while the shop assistant is going back to fin
26、d the right size shoe，bored customers are likely to wander over and find some cosmetics they might want to try later.Besides，businesses seek to appeal to customers senses.Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping，so they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread
27、smell into the store throughout the day.Music sells goods，too.Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played，sales of French wines went up.When it comes to the selling of houses，businesses also use highly rewarding tactics.They find that customers make decisions in the first few seco
28、nds upon walking in the door，and turn it into a business opportunity.A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly.When entering the house，the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows，and then the pool through an open stairway leading to the lower level.The instan
29、t view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses.1Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section?ATo save customers time.BTo show they are high quality foods.CTo help sell junk food.DTo sell them at discount prices.2According to Paragraph 3，which of the f
30、ollowing encourages customers to buy?AOpening the store early in the morning.BDisplaying British wines next to French ones.CInviting customers to play music.DFilling the store with the smell of fresh bread.3What is the California builders story intended to prove?AThe house structure is a key factor
31、customers consider.BThe more costly the house is，the better it sells.CAn ocean view is much to the customers taste.DA good first impression increases sales.4What is the main purpose of the passage?ATo explain how businesses turn people into their customers.BTo introduce how businesses have grown fro
32、m the past.CTo report researches on customer behavior.DTo show dishonest business practices.语篇解读：本文为说明文，题材为历史与社会类。在古埃及，有位店主发现只需改变店铺的环境就可以把顾客吸引过来，而现代的商界也追随他的脚步，采用了更多的销售策略。1【解析】事实细节题。由第二段中的“They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food.”可以
33、看出商家首先展示水果、蔬菜的真正目的是促销他们的垃圾食品。【答案】C2【解析】事实细节题。第三段主要讲商家通过感官来吸引顾客。他们每天早上会烤好面包，让面包的气味一天都弥漫在店铺里面，以此来刺激顾客的购买欲望。【答案】D3【解析】推理判断题。最后一段指出，顾客往往在进入房间的最初几秒会做出决定，商人把这变为商机。加利福尼亚的建筑师让顾客第一眼看到的是太平洋和游泳池，这帮他销售了1000万美元的房子，由此证明如果给顾客的第一印象好的话就有助于增加销量。【答案】D4【解析】主旨大意题。概括全文可知，本文主要介绍了商家促销的几种策略，包括商品摆放、感官影响和第一印象。A项“解释商家如何把人们变为自己
34、的顾客”符合文章的写作目的。【答案】A第二节七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Imagine that youre an actor or actress performing in a play for the first time. Youve learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage. Waiting behind the closed curtain, you can hear the audience whispering. Then your big
35、moment arrives! The curtain goes up, and the crowd falls silent. All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you. _1_ The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet. If youve experienced a moment like this, you know all too well what it means to have stage fright. Its one of the most c
36、ommon types of fear. _2_ You can experience this kind of fear when playing sports, giving a talk, or even speaking in class. _3_ The experience differs from person to person, but the same chemical process occurs on each of us. In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to
37、 either fight or run away quickly. Scientists refer to this as our bodies “fight for fright” reaction. As a result, we feel the great energy that makes our hands sweat, our hearts race and knees shake. _4_ Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage t
38、he feelings caused by anxiety. Firstly, dress comfortably and appropriately. Secondly, before the performance, take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body. Thirdly, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine (咖啡因). _5_ Instead, try a banana! Some doctors believe that eating a banana can h
39、elp calm your heart and the rest of your body. Finally, when you look into a crowd, try to focus on particular people rather than the whole group. These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears. AThey might make your heart race even faster. BMaybe you dont have to be onstage to ge
40、t stage fright.CStage fright is really part of the bodys reaction to stress.DWith practice, we can learn how to relax while playing sports.EThen you try to speak your lines, but nothing seems to come out.FTheres a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage.GHowever, the good news abou
41、t stage fright is that there are ways to deal with it.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了人们经常会经历的舞台恐惧及应对舞台恐惧的几种方法。1【答案】E【解析】上文提到了站在舞台上的所听所见，下文提到了舞台恐惧的表现，所以中间连接句也应是在舞台上的表现，所以选E项。2【答案】B【解析】下文提到在参加体育运动、演讲甚至在课堂上发言都可能会经历这种恐惧，所以空处应讲的是有时这种恐惧不一定只出现在舞台上，所以选B项。3【答案】C【解析】本段讲的是舞台恐惧产生的过程及身体对压力的反应，所以空处应该解释舞台恐惧与身体反应的联系，所以选C项。4【答案】G【解析】
42、下文讲的是应对舞台恐惧的方法，所以空处应统领本段内容，所以选G项。5【答案】A【解析】上文提到要远离含有咖啡因的饮料，下文应该陈述原因，所以选A项。第三节完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从120题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。As a general rule，all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine(常规)basis.As a matter of fact，we can see this _1_ at work in people of all _2_.For exa
43、mple，on Christmas morning，children are excited about _3_ with their new toys.But their _4_ soon wears off and by January those _5_ toys can be found put away in the basement.The world is full of _6_ stamp albums and unfinished models，each standing as a monument to someones _7_ interest.When parents
44、bring home a pet，their child _8_ bathes it and brushes its fur.Within a short time, however，the _9_ of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents.Adolescents enter high school with great _10_ but are soon looking forward to _11_.The same is true of the young adults going to college.And then
45、，how many _12_，who now complain(抱怨) about the long drives to work, _13_ drove for hours at a time when they first _14_ their drivers licenses(执照)Before people retire，they usually _15_ to do a lot of _16_ things，which they never had _17_ to do while working.But _18_ after retirement，the golfing，the f
46、ishing，the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they _19_.And，like the child in January, they go searching for new _20_.1A.principle Bhabit Cway Dpower2A.parties Braces Ccountries Dages3A.working BlivingCplaying Dgoing4A.confidence Binterest Canxiety Dsorrow5A.same Bext
47、raCfunny Dexpensive6A.wellorganized BcolorfullyprintedCnewlycollected Dhalffilled7A.broad Bpassing Cdifferent Dmain8A.silently Bimpatiently Cgladly Dworriedly9A.promise Bburden Cright Dgame10A.courage Bcalmness Cconfusion Dexcitement11A.graduation BindependenceCresponsibility Dsuccess12A.children Bs
48、tudents Cadults Dretirees13A.carefully Beagerly Cnervously Dbravely14A.required BobtainedCnoticed Ddiscovered15A.need Blearn Cstart Dplan16A.great BstrangeCdifficult Dcorrect17A.time Bmoney Cskills Dknowledge18A.only BwellCeven Dsoon19A.lost Bchose Cleft Dquit20A.pets BtoysCfriends Dcolleagues语篇解读：本
49、文体裁为议论文，题材为社会生活类。文章主要讲述了各种活动一旦成为我们日常生活的一部分，无论哪个年龄阶段的人都会感到无聊。1【解析】由上文的“As a general rule”可知，A：原理，原则；B：习惯；C：方式，方法；D：能力，权力。【答案】A2【解析】根据下文列举的例子可推断出，这一法则适用于各个年龄阶段的人。【答案】D3【解析】根据常识可知选C。play with“随便玩耍”。【答案】C4【解析】原词复现。下文有interest。【答案】B5【解析】此处选A以强调“同样的玩具”，表达“兴趣会发生变化”的文章主旨。【答案】A6【解析】根据句中“unfinished models”以及表
50、并列关系的and可推断世界上充满了没有完成的(halffilled)集邮册。【答案】D7【解析】既然这些集邮册和模型没有完成，当然只是人们曾经的兴趣的经念碑。passing interest“曾经的兴趣”，也就是曾经那么感兴趣，而现在没有兴趣了。【答案】B8【解析】由表示转折的however和“handed over to the parents”可知，首次见到宠物的心情是高兴的。【答案】C9【解析】然而，不久照料动物的责任就交给父母了。A：诺言；C：权利；D：游戏，比赛，均不符合句意。【答案】B10【解析】逻辑推理。由but可知，but前后句意是相反的。句意：青少年刚进入中学的时候很兴奋，但
51、很快就盼着毕业了。【答案】D11【解析】见第10题解析。A：毕业；B：独立，自立；C：责任，职责；D：成功。【答案】A12【解析】根据下文驾驶汽车可判断空格处指的是具有驾驶资格的成年人。【答案】C13【解析】根据上文很多成年人现在抱怨开很长时间的车上班的事实，可推断他们刚拿到驾照时渴望连续几个小时驾车，eagerly“渴望地”。【答案】B14【解析】obtain a drivers license“获得驾照”。【答案】B15【解析】在退休前，人们计划做很多伟大的但在工作时没时间做的事情。plan to do sth.意为“计划做某事”。【答案】D16【解析】句意：在退休之前，他们雄心勃勃地计划
52、要去做很多很棒的事情，这些事情是他们在工作的时候没有时间去做的。【答案】A17【解析】根据常识可推出，计划退休后做的事，这些事当然是工作时没有时间做的。【答案】A18【解析】根据上文的“soon”“within a short time”等可知选D。【答案】D19【解析】这些想做的事就像他们离开的工作一样变得索然无味了。they left是定语从句，修饰限定the jobs。【答案】C20【解析】句意：这些退休的老人和1月里的孩子一样失去了以前的兴趣，去寻找新的玩具了。这里选toy比喻兴趣。其他选项不符合语境。【答案】B 第四节语法填空The IMA Blood Bank _1_ (set)
53、up in 1995 with a goal that no needy patient should ever die due to lack _2_ blood in Dehradun and its surrounding areas.Deeply _3_ (move) by the pain and suffering of a child who was being taken to Delhi with a bleeding leg wrapped in plastic, _4_ (simple) because there was no blood bank in Dehradu
54、n, Dr. Dipak started a movement to create a blood bank by engaging (联合) with the local community. _5_ began as a small activity has taken the shape of an inspiring institution of international standards. Due to the huge voluntary support from the local people, the blood bank has enough blood to func
55、tion round _6_ clock to serve the local patients. _7_ (help) more people in India, the IMA Blood Bank has also developed a team to educate the public about blood donation. They are trying to make people understand that donating blood is one of the highest _8_ (form) of charity. It can be donated by
56、almost any adult who is _9_ (health), It is safe to donate every three to six months because blood is recovered very quickly in the body. Meanwhile, the media plays a major role in _10_ (create) a higher level of awareness about blood donation. This will encourage more and more people to donate bloo
57、d voluntarily.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了IMA血库建立的目的以及运转情况。【长难句分析】The IMA Blood Bank was set up in 1995 with a goal that no needy patient should ever die due to lack of blood in Dehradun and its surrounding areas.(第一段)分析：that引导同位语从句，解释说明“goal”的具体内容。译文：IMA血库成立于1995年，其目标是在Dehradun及其周围地区不会有贫困的人因为缺血而死亡。1【答案】w
58、as set【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，动词set与主语“The IMA Blood Bank”之间是被动关系；又因为时间状语是“in 1995”，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故用was set。2【答案】of【解析】考查介词。此处是介词用于固定短语中，lack of sth.意为“缺少，缺乏”。故用of。3【答案】moved【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据句型结构分析可知，动词move与句子的主语“Dr.Dipak”之间是被动关系，即Dr. Dipak被深深地感动了，所以用过去分词作状语，表示被动。故用moved。4【答案】simply【解析】考查词性转换。simple是形容
59、词，意为“简单的”； simply是副词，意为“简单地，仅仅”。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词修饰原因状语从句，意为“仅仅因为”。故用simply。5【答案】What【解析】考查名词性从句。根据句型结构分析可知，“_ began as a small activity”是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以用what；又因为是句首，所以要注意首字母大写。故用What。6【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。此处是定冠词用于固定短语中，round the clock 意为“日夜不停地”。故用the。7【答案】To help【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是动词不定式置于句首，表示目的。故用To help。注
60、意首字母大写。8【答案】forms【解析】考查名词复数。form是可数名词，意为“形式”。因为form前有“one of”修饰，所以要用复数形式。故用forms。9【答案】healthy【解析】考查词性转换。health是名词，意为“健康”；healthy是形容词，意为“健康的”。be动词后接形容词作表语。故用healthy。10【答案】creating【解析】考查非谓语动词。create在此处作介词“in”后面的宾语，所以要用动名词的形式。故用creating。第五节书面表达假定你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Fes
61、tival)。请给外教露西写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：1出发及返回时间；2活动：包饺子、表演节目等。注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3结语已为你写好。_Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua【答案】Dear Lucy，Id like to invite you to join us for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.It is the day for the elderly in our
62、 culture.Well go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there.Well also spend some fun time together singing，dancing and playing games，which we hope will make them happy.We should be back around 4 oclock in the afternoon.If you are able to come with us, please let us know and well wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.Looking_forward_to_your_replyYours， Li_Hua
