1、Unit 2 Working the land一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1statistic n数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料2sunburnt adj. 晒黑的3super adj. 特级的；超级的4output n. 产量；输出5circulate vt.& vi. 循环；流传6grain n. 谷物；粮食；颗粒7occupation n. 工作；职业；占领8personality n. 性格；个性；人格9chemical adj. 化学的；关于化学的n. 化学物质10organic adj. 有机的；器官的；组织的11ferti
2、le adj. 肥沃的；富饶的12fertilizer n. 肥料；化肥13bacteria n. 细菌14pest n. 害虫；害兽；害鸟15nutrition n. 营养；滋养；食物16mineral n. 矿物；矿石17skim vt. 浏览；略读18underline vt. 画底线标出；强调 (二)背重点单词写对才行1struggle vi.& n. 斗争；拼搏；努力2decade n. 十年；十年期3crop n. 庄稼；农作物；产量4expand vt.& vi. 使变大；伸展5battle n. 战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt.& vi. 搏斗；奋斗6rid vt. 摆脱；除去7t
3、herefore adv. 因此；所以；因而8regret vt. 遗憾；惋惜n. 遗憾；懊悔9production n. 生产；制造10focus n. 焦点；中心点vt. 集中；聚焦11soil n. 土壤12reduce vt. 减少；减缩13root n. 根；根源14summary n. 总结；摘要；概要15comment n. 评论；议论vi.& vt. 表达意见；作出评论 (三)背拓展单词用准才行1hunger n饥饿；欲望vt.& vi.(使)饥饿hungry adj.饥饿的；渴望得到的2export vt.& vi.输出；出口import vt.& vi.(反义词) 输入；进
4、口3discover vt.发现；发觉discovery n发现；发觉discoverer n发现者4equip vt.& vi.配备；装备equipment n设备5confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj.困惑的confusion n迷惑；困惑6nation n国家；民族national adj.民族的nationality n国籍7disturb v打扰；妨碍；使不安disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturbed adj.烦恼的；不安的8free adj.自由的freedom n自由；自主 语境活用1He
5、was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)2Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)3Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather distur
6、bed.(disturb)4Madam Curie discovered Radium, and many scientists were surprised at her discovery at that time.(discover)5Women have gained the freedom to decide whether to marry or not, and they are free to choose their jobs at present.(free)6Owing to the great hunger，a great number of hungry childr
7、en died.(hungry) (四)背高频单词先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎背词条用法struggle for 为争取而斗争struggle with 与斗争；与并肩作战struggle against 为反对而斗争；与斗争struggle to do sth. 努力做某事struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来背写作佳句(2018全国卷书面表达)In the short film, you can learn that my school has been struggling for a better futur
8、e. 在短片中，你可以了解到我校一直在为更美好的未来而努力。To get an education, he was struggling against/with many difficulties. 为了获得受教育的机会，他正跟很多困难做斗争。2.equip vt.& vi.配备；装备背词条用法(1)equip .with . 用装备equip .for sth./to do sth. 为了而装备be well/poorly equipped 设备精良的/较差的(2)a piece of equipment 一件设备背写作佳句As far as I know, he is equipped
9、with much experience in teaching. 据我所知，他具有丰富的教学经验。My mother bought a useful piece of equipment for the kitchen yesterday. 昨天，我妈妈买了一件有用的厨房设备。3confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆背词条用法confuse A with/and B把A和B混淆；辨别不清be confused by 被弄混/弄糊涂背写作佳句I was confused by such a confusing problem. 我被这样令人困惑的问题搞糊涂了。 I confused
10、 her with her sister because they were so alike. 我把她和她妹妹弄混了，因为她们长得太像了。4regret vt.遗憾；惋惜；可惜；后悔n.遗憾；懊悔背词条用法(1)regret 后悔做了某事regret to say/tell/inform .that . 遗憾地说/告知(2)with great regret 非常遗憾to ones regret 令某人抱歉/遗憾的是背写作佳句Li Ping did not regret giving/having given the comment but felt that she could have
11、expressed it differently. 李萍并不后悔提出意见，但是她感觉她本来可以换种方式表达的。Much to our regret，we will not be able to visit you tomorrow. 让我们深感遗憾的是，我们明天不能去拜访你了。5focus n焦点；中心点vt.集中；聚焦背词条用法(1)focus on/upon集中(注意力、精力等)于focus ones attention/eyes/energy on . 集中注意力/目光/精力于(2)the focus of . 的焦点背写作佳句The meeting focused on whether
12、 we should build a new teaching building. 这次会议集中在我们是否应该建一栋新的教学楼。If we find those materials interesting, well focus our attention on them for long. 如果我们发现那些材料有趣，我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。Health and environmental problems have become increasingly the focus of attention. 健康和环境问题日益成为关注的焦点。ment n评论；议论vi.& vt.表达
13、意见；作出评论背词条用法(1)comment on/upon sth.对发表评论comment that . 评论(2)make comments on/about . 对加以评论no comment 无可奉告背写作佳句The teacher often comments on (upon)/makes comments on (about) how different the two boys are. 老师经常评论那两个男孩子的不同之处。He commented that this novel was a masterpiece of American literature. 他评论说这部
14、小说是美国文学中的杰作。 (五)背短语词块表达出彩，需多积词块才行单元短语再认再现1rid .of使摆脱或除去2be satisfied with 对感到满意3would rather 宁愿；宁可4build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发5be rich in 盛产6thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为7lead to 导致；造成(后果)8focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于9keep .free from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)；使不含(有害物)10in addition 另外重点短语拓展用活1build up逐渐增强；增强的体质；建立；开发；积累；创办背相关短语pick up捡起
15、；(无意中)学会；接收；搭载take up 拿起；开始；从事；占据(时间或空间) make up 虚构；弥补；组成break up 分裂；打碎；结束；解体；分手；放假背写作佳句You ought to take more sports after school to build up your strength. 放学后你应该多参加体育运动，以增强你的体力。I must get rid of this large table it takes up too much room. 我必须把这张大桌子搬走它占用太多的空间。2lead to导致；造成(后果)；通向背相关短语lead sb. to d
16、o sth. 引导某人做某事lead/live a .life 过样的生活lead the way 引路；带路背写作佳句Questioning can lead to searching for an answer. 质疑可以导致寻找答案。In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practise speaking English in an interesting way. 在课堂上，我会把学生分成小组，用有趣的方法引导他们练习说英语。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句多“输入”才能巧“输出”教
17、材内句式举一反三1If so, what did you do to grow them？(if引导条件状语从句的省略形式)如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植它们？佳句(2017全国卷书面表达)Would you like to join our school table tennis team？If so, please email me as soon as possible. 你愿意加入我们校乒乓球队吗？如果愿意的话，请尽快给我发邮件。佳句Is anybody feeling cold？If not, let us open the windows. 有人感到冷吗？如果没有的话，让我们把窗子打
18、开吧。2In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.(the first/last/best .n.to do sth.)1973年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。佳句She is always the first person to go to the office and the last to leave, which I guess is why she is promoted so quickly. 她总是第一个到办公室
19、最后一个离开的人，我猜这就是她那么快得到晋升的原因。佳句(2020新高考全国卷写作)I was the third person to arrive at the finishing line in the competition. 在这次比赛中，我是第三个到达终点线的人。3He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.(would rather do sth.“宁愿做某事”)他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。佳句We would rather make delicious dumplings with our own hands than buy
20、some for the elderly. 我们更喜欢自己动手包美味的饺子而不是给老人们买一些。佳句Nowadays more and more people would rather not live in big cities. 现在越来越多的人宁愿不住在大城市里。同主题佳句熟读成诵1He felt it was worthwhile to do it when he enjoyed the outstanding performance.当他享受着杰出的成果时，他觉得这么做是值得的。2He is devoted to his research, making him one of the
21、 most outstanding scientists in the field.他致力于他的研究，使他成为该领域最杰出的科学家之一。3After graduation, he devoted his life to teaching in the rural areas of our country for more than 30 years. His devotion and selflessness are highly thought of by all his students as well as by the society.毕业后，他献身我们国家偏远地区的教育30多年。他的
22、奉献和无私精神受到他所有学生和社会的高度赞扬。 (二)背满分作文好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点感谢信(三) 题目要求假定你是校学生会主席李华，上周你校组织一个文化交流团到英国某高中进行文化交流，现已回国。请你代表你校交流团给英国活动负责人David写一封信。内容包括：1感谢对方的招待；2此行的体验和收获；3邀请对方暑假来中国体验中国文化。注意：1.词数100左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 背范文Dear David，Im delighted to tell you we have returned to China safely and Im writing to express
23、 our gratitude for your reception.We were impressed with your warm entertainment. Without your help, the journey couldnt have been so successful. We have benefited a lot from the visit. We got such a precious chance to learn about the British culture and history. It also offered us a platform where
24、we could display our traditional Chinese culture like papercutting and Chinese paintings to more foreigners. It will arouse peoples greater interest in each others culture and promote cultural exchanges. We are sure to develop a closer friendship as more activities are held.We would like to invite y
25、ou to visit China this summer holiday, so you can experience the Chinese culture in person and have a deeper understanding of it.Yours，Li Hua学亮点1学高级表达(1)使用高级词汇和语块，如：express ones gratitude for, be impressed with, benefit a lot from, such a precious chance, display, arouse peoples greater interest, pr
26、omote等，体现了考生丰富的语言词汇知识。(2)运用高级句式结构，如：虚拟语气的使用Without your help, the journey couldnt have been so successful；定语从句where we could display our traditional Chinese culture .；as引导状语从句as more activities are held等，使文章的语言表达更有档次。2学精彩结尾结尾先用We would like to invite you to visit China .邀请David来中国，接着用表示因果关系的并列连词so引出
27、“亲自体验中国文化”，上下文衔接自然，逻辑清晰。3防微点失分考生容易因虚拟语气掌握不牢固，把“Without your help, the journey couldnt have been so successful.”表达成“Without your help, the journey couldnt be so successful.”，或把“We got such a precious chance to learn about the British culture and history.”中的such误表达为so，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺打牢必备知识 全面练练清
28、易错微点.单词拼写1Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding (扩大) the area of the fields.2The number of people suffering from heart disease will be greatly reduced (减少) if they are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.3The reporter commented (评论) that the film Lost an
29、d Love was very moving.4Thanks to their support and help, we were not so badly off during the past decade (十年)5In some poor African areas, many children die of hunger (饥饿) every year.6They hope that the new model will go into production (生产；制造) next year.7The great scientist devoted all her life to
30、chemical (化学的) research.8This great battle (战役) was vividly recorded in the documentary film. .根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1I wish I could buy more organic produce from here, but I find the kids dont like it.有机的2Yuan Longping is now circulating his knowledge in India，Vietnam and other less developed countries to
31、 increase their rice harvests.传播3According to official statistics, the disease killed over 500 people.数据；统计；统计数字4Underline all the words you do not know and then look them up in a dictionary.画底线标出5In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to
32、be full of much nutrition.肥料；化肥6Many of us equate (视等同于) “commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing.职业7(熟词生义)Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.(2019天津高考)一件困难的事情8(熟词生义)The c
33、ourse is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.使具备某种能力.单句语法填空1Fill in your name, address and nationality (nation) on the form.2Its disturbing (disturb) that I cant get along well with my new neighbor.3.Id appreciate it if you could make helpful comments on/about my work.4.Im sure that m
34、odern medical technology will rid us of this terrible disease.5If you stay under the strong sunlight for a long time without any protection, your skin will get sunburnt (sunburn)6In the last decade, the project has expanded (expand) its welfare to support 12,000 poor students.7.She takes exercise ev
35、ery day, and she has reduced her weight by 10% to 50 kilos.8His recent discoveries (discover) have added to his reputation in the field of science.补全句子1你应该改掉那些可能损害你健康的坏习惯。(rid)You should get rid of the bad habits that might damage your health.2近年来我们的对外贸易扩大了。(expand)Our foreign trade has expanded dur
36、ing recent years. 3如今大熊猫的数量已经减少到了1 600只。(reduce)Now the number of giant pandas has been reduced to 1,600.4他评论说这部电影很精彩。(comment)He commented that it was an excellent film.5他因触犯法律而被关进监狱。(therefore)He broke the law, therefore he was put into prison.名师点拨“一站清”(1)make comments on/about“对发表评论”。(2)在rid .of
37、.短语中，rid为动词，后跟sb.或somewhere作宾语，指“使某人摆脱”或“除掉某地的不好或有害之物”。(3)reduce后接to表示增减的结果，接by表示增减的幅度。 重点练深化高频考点1struggle 明其义vi.& n斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎 通其用(1)单句语法填空At present, China has to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.Workers are struggling for a clean canteen and healthy food.Helen
38、Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and struggled to lead (lead) an active life. (2)补全语段Farmers always have to struggle for a living. They often struggle against/with the bad weather for a better harvest. Some of them even have to leave their hometowns and
39、go to work in cities，struggling to increase their income.农民一直都得为了生存而努力。他们经常与恶劣的天气做斗争来争取有个好点的收成。他们中的一些人甚至不得不离开家乡到城市工作，努力增加他们的收入。2equip 明其义vt.& vi.配备；装备 通其用(1)单句语法填空It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to speak (speak)We want our son to have a good education that will equip him fo
40、r future life.If it were not the modern equipment (equip), such experiments would not be performed.(2)句式升级He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is well respected by all his students.Equipped with much experience in teaching, he is well respected by all his students. (过去分词作状语)Equippi
41、ng himself with much experience in teaching, he is well respected by all his students. (现在分词作状语) 解其困(1)be equipped with常用过去分词作状语。(2)equipment是不可数名词，没有复数形式。3confuse 明其义vt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆通其用(1)单句语法填空Its a common case to confuse wealth with/and happiness.I would often get confused (confuse) when I came
42、across new words with a similar spelling.There was a confused look on his face when he met with a confusing problem.(confuse)To avoid confusion (confuse), please write the childrens names clearly on all their school clothes.(2)补全句子For example, there are huge amounts of reference books which I am oft
43、en confused to choose from.例如，有大量的参考书，我经常会对选择哪本感到困惑。4regret 明其义vt.遗憾；惋惜；可惜；后悔 n遗憾；懊悔 通其用(1)单句语法填空After he considered the problem more carefully, he regretted making/having made (make) such a decision.I regret to tell (tell) you that your problems are beyond my power.(2)一句多译很遗憾地告诉你，我不能在约定的时间陪你去北京了。 I
44、 greatly regret to tell you that I cant accompany you to Beijing at the appointed time. (regret vt.)Much to my regret/To my great regret, I cant accompany you to Beijing at the appointed time. (regret n)5focus 明其义n焦点；中心点 vt.集中；聚焦 通其用(1)单句语法填空Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and
45、 theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions.With his attention focused (focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.With so many people focusing (focus) their eyes on him, he felt very nervous. (2)补全句子It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of f
46、amilies, shouldering the hope of their parents.这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。 解其困表示“注意，集中精力于”的短语还有：concentrate ones attention on; fix ones attention on; pay attention to等。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用强化关键能力 词块的验收盘点.词块点点练选词填空lead to， focus on， thanks to， be satisfied with， would rather， build up， keep .free fro
47、m/of， rid .of 1A deep breath and a balanced mind will help (to) rid you of the anxiety and nervousness.2.To be mentally healthy, you need to build up good relationships with each other.3We asked all our customers if they were satisfied with the service they had received.4We should learn to keep ours
48、elves free from/of love of money and be content with what we have.5Thanks to these new treatments, people with high blood pressure can live a long and active life.6.The discovery of new evidence led to the thiefs being caught.7In recent years, Mrs Brown has focused on using her Weibo to encourage th
49、ose who want to follow her example.8What a pity！I would rather I had followed my teachers advice yesterday.名师点拨“一站清”(1)build up (form steadily)意为“逐步建立；逐步形成”。(2)lead to中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或v.ing形式。.易错对对碰辨析比较1. reduce to VS reduce by比较It was raining hard so the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometre
50、s per hour. With great effort, she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past 7 days.辨清(1)reduce .by . 把减少了(2)reduce .to . 把减少到；把变为某种状态2in addition VS in addition to比较In addition to my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips. There is, in addition, one further point to make.辨清 (1)in addition to为介
51、词短语，后接名词或代词，相当于besides/apart from/as well as。(2)in addition为副词短语，作状语，相当于besides/whats more。.多义比比看一词多义(写出下列各句中build up的含义)To learn a language well you must build up useful vocabulary.积累His confidence built up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.逐渐增强Taking an active part in spo
52、rts and outdoor activities is really helpful to build up our body and enrich our school life.增强的体质Therefore, lets take the responsibility to build up a lowcarbon city by riding bicycles.建立 句式的验收盘点 (一)if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式 通其用1补全句子Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off？If so, write back to t
53、ell me about it as soon as possible.你赞同我推迟我们去云南的旅行吗？如果赞同，请尽快回信告诉我。The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely，if ever, reaching 30 in summer.这里的气候宜人，气温，如果有过的话，在夏季极少达到30摄氏度。2翻译句子我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就在周六。I might see you tomorrow. If not, then itll be on Saturday. 解其困(1)if so为“if it is so”的
54、省略形式，if为连词，so指代上文的内容，意为“如果是这样的话”，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意义，则用if not。(2)if ever如果有过/发生过的话if any 如果有的话if possible 如果有可能的话if necessary 如果有必要的话 (二)would rather do sth. “宁愿做某事” 通其用1补全句子She would rather you came tomorrow than today.她宁愿你明天来而不是今天来。I would rather you had finished your homework yesterday.我宁愿你昨天就做完了作业。2
55、一句多译简是一个文静的女孩，她宁愿待在图书馆也不愿去看电影。Jane is a quiet girl, who would rather stay (stay) in the library than go to see a movie.Jane is a quiet girl, who prefers to stay (stay) in the library rather than go to see a movie.Jane is a quiet girl, who prefers staying (stay) in the library to going to see a movie
56、. 解其困(1)would rather (not) do sth.宁愿(不)做某事(3)would rather thatsb.did sth.宁愿某人做某事(表示对现在或将来的虚拟)(4)would rather thatsb.had done sth.宁愿某人做过某事(表示对过去的虚拟)学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘提升学科素养2020全国卷阅读理解D篇对接课标主题：自然科学研究成果 (一)精读真题拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法) 1The connection between people and plants has long been the subj
57、ect of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplan
58、ts.2The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of w
59、ater and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. the things that we use every day，” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.3One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Stranos team found tha
60、t they could create a faint light for threeandahalf hours. The light, about onethousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into selfpowered street lamps.4In the future, the team hopes to deve
61、lop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a oneoff treatment that would last the plants lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.5Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity
62、 consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源) such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.,构词法produce派生词词源：
63、product n. 产品；产物productive adj. 富有成效的；高效的production n. 生产；制造通句式句子(1)中how引导的宾语从句作介词about的宾语；that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词functions of the things。微积累熟词生义：engineern工程师(熟义)v改变的基因结构(生义)微技法根据词根猜测词义：powered adj.由驱动的；电动的selfpowered adj.自供电的sunpowered adj.太阳能发动的highpowered adj.高性能的；大功率的微积累熟词生义：plantn植物(熟义)n发电厂(生义) 理脉络内化
64、读文规律(二)解析真题感悟素养立意 考什么怎么考真题再做32What is the first paragraph mainly about?AA new study of different plants.BA big fall in crime rates.CEmployees from various workplaces.DBenefits from green plants.解析：选D段落大意题。根据第一段第二句“Recent studies have found positive effects.”及本段中的“greener areas of the city experience
65、d less crime”和“employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants”可知，D选项“Benefits from green plants.”能概括本段内容。33What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers?ATo detect plants lack of water.BTo change compositions of pla
66、nts.CTo make the life of plants longer.DTo test chemicals in plants.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water”可知，A选项正确。34What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?AThey will speed up energy production.BThey
67、may transmit electricity to the home.CThey might help reduce energy consumption.DThey could take the place of power plants.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句“Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.”可推知，在未来，发光植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。35Which of the following can be the best title for
68、the text?ACan we grow more glowing plants?BHow do we live with glowing plants?CCould glowing plants replace lamps?DHow are glowing plants made pollutionfree?解析：选C标题归纳题。根据最后一段内容可知，由于照明通常远离电源，在传输过程中会损失大量能源，但发光植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。文章说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，并介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程以及一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能
69、取代路灯，达到节约能源的效果。由此可知，C选项“发光植物有可能取代路灯吗？”最适合作本文的标题。故选C。 为什么考有何价值导向解读一、发展思维品质文中第35题主要考查学生的概括性思维。文章第一段点明了植物的积极作用；第二段是有关植物的功能的研究；第三段说明最新的研究发光植物；第四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的技术及研究植物发光是否可以“打开”和“关上”；第五段表述能量在传输中损失很多，或许发光植物可以解决这一问题。对全文内容进行概括总结进而得出C选项(发光的植物能代替灯吗？)最适合作文章标题。二、聚焦核心价值本文是一篇说明文。介绍了运用高科技改造绿色植物从而节能减排的科学探索。阅读的
70、选材不仅能让考生了解人与自然和谐发展的必要性，同时也能让他们了解到科学家们对于改变环境正在做的研究。这不仅可以促使考生深入思考科技创新在人类生活和发展过程中起到的重要作用，还有利于引导考生发展科学探索精神。 (三)借力真题发掘学习能力.单句语法填空1He took a very scientific (science) approach to managing the project.2Researchers in this field have made some important new discoveries (discover)3Recent studies show that we
71、 are far more productive (product) at work if we take short breaks regularly.4Their inventions have contributed to the development of electrical (electricity) engineering.5The aircraft is powered (power) by a jet engine.补全句子1The medicine is not to be exposed to (暴露于) daylight.2A typical PDA can func
72、tion as (起作用) a mobile phone and a personal organizer.3Based on this, it is necessary for our country to conduct a study (进行研究) on the subject.分析长难句1These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in gr
73、oundwater.句式解构本句是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是These，谓语动词是include。其中第一个that引导的定语从句修饰plants；when theyre short of water是宾语从句，作show的宾语。第二个that引导的定语从句修饰a plant。句意翻译这些(植物中)包括叶子上印有传感器以显示它们何时缺水的植物，以及能够检测地下水中有害化学物质的植物。2The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to
74、 daylight.句式解构本句是一个主从复合句。主句的主语是The engineers，谓语动词是are trying to develop。其中where引导的定语从句修饰an on and off “switch”；when exposed to daylight是省略了主语和be动词的时间状语从句。句意翻译工程师们还在尝试开发一种开关，当暴露在日光下时，它的光会减弱。.主题语境写作假定你是某英文报纸的记者，请根据下列要点，以A Famous Company为题，写一篇英文报道。1这是一家杰出的公司，它的产品获得了很多专利；2该公司一心投入到发明新产品中去，以希望以此来改善环境；3该公司
75、非常稳定、充满活力，抓住机会来研发新产品；4该公司的环保产品非常实用，使用起来很方便；5你的评价注意：1.词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。A Famous Company 参考范文：A Famous CompanyIt is a distinguished company, whose products have won many patents.To face abrupt changes of environment, it dives into inventing new products to protect environment.Besides, it is ver
76、y stable and dynamic, seizing every chance to set out to develop more products.Its environmentfriendly products are practical and convenient to use.When it comes to highend environmentfriendly products, people often associate them with the company.I think it will have the competence to live up to cu
77、stomers expectations and contribute to our environment forever.课下主题训练自然科学研究成果一、主题语基拓展练 (一)主题词汇盘查 (已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)dignitymercifulgenerous reliable determined powerful considerate confident mean shallow disability intelligent talented outstanding creative artificial organ intelligence breakthr
78、ough virtual (二)主题词汇训练.写出下列各句中加黑词的汉语意思1Some countries support organ donation and transplantation.器官2These flowers inside the room are all artificial, which look beautiful.人造的3New technology has enabled the development of an online“virtual library”虚拟的4He didnt even have the intelligence to call for a
79、n ambulance.智力5Its difficult to preserve your dignity when you have no job and no home.自尊6These fish were found in shallow waters around the coast.浅的7I wish you would succeed in borrowing some money from the mean man.小气的8She had a great eye for color and came up with some creative ideas for our hous
80、e.创造性的.单句语法填空1He didnt selfishly keep for himself the money.Instead，he made a generous(generosity)contribution to help the community.2Trains are reliable (rely), cheap and best for longdistance journey.3It was considerate (consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.4To be
81、great, you must be smart, confident (confidence), and above all, honest.5Whether or not the secretary will be fired is at the mercy (merciful) of her boss.6The limits of a persons intelligence (intelligent), generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but whether he reaches these limits will depend on h
82、is environment.7When the sculptor, Auguste Rodin, was young, he had difficulty learning to read and write.Today, we may say he had a learning disability (disable)8Lionel Messi having set the record for the most goals in a calendar year，is considered the most talented (talent) football player in Euro
83、pe.二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解China is a large producer and consumer of rice.But, as a result of climate change, the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping, known as “the father of hybrid rice”， to look for new ways of grow
84、ing the grain.Now theyre celebrating successful efforts to grow rice in sand and seawater.Rice is traditionally grown in soil and fresh water.Starting from January, according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai.They experi
85、mented with seawater because it is easier to obtain in the desert than fresh water.China is not the only country facing the issue of overly salty soil.Around the world, there are around 2.35 billion acres of highly saline (含盐的) land.And the number is increasing because of rising sea levels and clima
86、te change.“Probably only a small part of the worlds saline land could be brought into production with seawater rice, but that would still have a very important effect on food security，” Even RPay, a senior analyst, said.Yuan told Xinhua that one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over
87、three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations.Rice is the basic food in many parts of the world.About 90% of rice consumption is from Asia, but demand in Africa and Latin America is on the rise.A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially benefit many
88、countries.“This is a fantastic development, which is likely to have a good effect on agricultural resource and waterpoor countries，particularly in North Africa region.”Even though the cost of growing salttolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once its commercialized.语篇解读：本文是一
89、篇说明文，主要介绍了在“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平带领下的科学家们进行了在沙子和海水中种植水稻的试验。1What has caused the scientists to find new ways of growing rice?AThe increase of rice consumers.BThe high cost of rice producing.CThe land shortage of rice growing.DThe severe pollution of fresh water.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，能种植水稻的土地短缺促使科学家们去寻找种植水稻的新方
90、法。2Yuans team has successfully grown rice in sand and seawater in .AChina BDubaiCLatin America DNorth Africa解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段第三句和第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai”可知，袁隆平的团队在迪拜成功地在沙子和海水中种植了水稻。3What can be inferred from the text?AAbout 90% of the rice is demanded and consumed in China.B
91、The production of a new type of rice is larger than expected.CThe increase of saline land is mainly caused by climate change.DSeawater is used in the experiment because it is cheaper to gain.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，其中一种在迪拜种植的水稻产量为每英亩三吨多，这超出了人们的预料，故选B。4What is the authors attitude to the ricegrowing ex
92、periment?ADoubtful. BPositive.CCritical.DDisappointed.解析：选B观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者对这种水稻种植的试验持乐观的态度。.完形填空In a remote village, selling chestnuts was the main source of livelihood for local villagers. In late autumn, the hills were covered by the trees and chestnuts were 1 from the branches of the trees,
93、which 2 with the wind attracting local villagers to 3 them at this time of year.The villagers took the chestnuts, carried them home and 4 them out. The whole family sifted (筛) and sorted them according to their 5 ， and then transported them to the city for wholesale or retail. Every villager knew th
94、at if they wanted to sell for a good price, what really 6 was to send the selected chestnuts to the market first. Many families, which were short of 7 ， would go to the nearby villages to hire workers with high 8 .Still, to many peoples 9 ，there was a young man in the village who could never need he
95、lp， 10 he had limited hands. He lived with his blind and old mother. He always arrived at the market one step ahead of the other ones 11 he could sell out of all the chestnuts and then happily drove back with his truck 12 .The secret of the young man was: after picking chestnuts, he put them 13 into
96、 a sack (麻袋) and carried them to the truck. When he set out, he chose the road, 14 and bumpy (不平的), to go, 15 the small ones would jump to the 16 of the bag and the larger ones would stay on the top of the bag. It would save time for classification and selection. When inquired how he found the way,
97、the young man 17 ：“If you put your heart into it, you will find the right way. This is not an accident but a(n) 18 result.”There will always be people who get 19 or complain when they hear bad news. As a matter of fact, if you use your head，you will be 20 to the people and things in the environment.
98、 When you turn your mind into action to move forward step by step，you can also create a new world for yourself.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了一个年轻人用便捷的方法筛选栗子的故事，进而启迪读者世上无难事，只怕有心人。1A.holding Bfilling Cplanting Dhanging解析：选D根据语境及常识可知，山丘上遍布树木，栗子悬挂(hanging)在树枝上，故选D。2A.fell Bshook Cjumped Dfolded解析：选B根据空后的“with th
99、e wind”可推知，栗子随风摇动(shook)，吸引当地的村民们在一年中的这个时候来采摘(pick)，故选B。3A.enjoy Bview Cseek Dpick解析：选D参见上题解析。4A.poured Btook Cthought Dfigured解析：选A根据下文中的“The whole family sifted (筛) and sorted them”可推知，村民们把采摘的栗子带回家，倒(poured)出来，然后才能进行筛选和分类，故选A。5A.shape Bsize Ctaste Dcolor解析：选B根据下文中的“the small ones would jump to the
100、 of the bag and the larger ones would stay on the top of the bag”可推知，整个家庭根据栗子的大小(size)进行筛选和分类，故选B。6A.mattered Bcared Cinterested Dminded解析：选A根据语境可推知，真正要紧(mattered)的是要把挑选好的栗子先送到市场上去，故选A。7A.hands Bpower Cexperience Dways解析：选A根据下文中的“he had limited hands”可推知，许多家庭在这个时候就会缺少人手，会去附近的村子里以高薪(salary)雇人干活，故选A。8
101、A.quality Bquantity Cmoney Dsalary解析：选D参见上题解析。quality“质量”；quantity“数量”。9A.puzzlement Brelief Castonishment Ddelight解析：选A根据上文可知，在栗子收获的季节许多家庭往往缺少人手，再结合下文可知，这个年轻人从不需要帮忙，由此可推知，这点让很多人困惑(puzzlement)，故选A。10A.only if Bas if Ceven if Dif only解析：选C根据语境可知，即使(even if)这个年轻人人手有限，但他从不需要帮助。11A.which Bwhere Cwhom Dw
102、ho解析：选B分析句子结构可知，本句是一个定语从句，空处在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词“the market”，故选B。12A.full Bfilled Cempty Dloaded解析：选C根据空前的“he could sell out of all the chestnuts”可知，他能够卖光自己所有的栗子，然后开心地开着空(empty)卡车回家，故选C。13A.suddenly Bshortly Cdirectly Dhurriedly解析：选C根据语境可知，这个年轻人直接(directly)把采摘的栗子装进麻袋里，将它们搬上卡车，故选C。14A.tough Brough Cregula
103、r Dsmooth解析：选B由与空后的“bumpy”为并列结构可推知，他选择的路是高低不平的(rough)，故选B。15A.even Bor Cbut Dso解析：选D根据语境可知，空处前后表示逻辑上的因果关系，前因后果，故选D。16A.hole Btip Cmiddle Dbottom解析：选D根据下文中的“and the larger ones would stay on the top of the bag”可推知，小些的栗子会快速移动到袋子的底部(bottom)，而大些的栗子会留在上面，故选D。17A.sighed Bexcited Csmiled Dsneezed解析：选C根据空后的
104、内容可推知，这个年轻人当时是微笑(smiled)着说的。sigh“叹气”；sneeze“打喷嚏”。18A.unexpected Bnecessary Caccidental Ddeliberate解析：选B根据该句中的“This is not an accident but”可推知，这并非是意外，而是必然的(necessary)结果，故选B。19A.stricken Bsatisfied Cupset Dsurprised解析：选C根据空后的“or complain when they hear bad news”可知，此处与“complain”并列，故C项符合语境。20A.sensitive Baccessible Crelative Dflexible解析：选A根据上文年轻人的回答“If you put your heart into it, you will find the right way”和本句中的“if you use your head”可推知，A项符合语境。sensitive“敏感的”。
