1、北京市东城区2021届高三英语下学期二模试题本试卷共 10页，共 100 分。考试时长 90 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Last week, I drove to Joes Hardware to get a few items. Upon returning to my 1 , I noticed a cat underneath and
2、 bent down to investigate. At this point, my wallet fell offbut I didnt notice it was 2 until about an hour later. I 3 my steps, asked around and tore my car inside out. Nothing. I lost my wallet. After this fact sank in, I was about to call the bank and have them 4 me a new credit card when a littl
3、e voice inside my head said, “Whoa! 5 . Someone must have picked it up. An average citizen, just like you. What would she or he do?”So I held back and I was going to give it a day. Then, early that evening, I was surfing the Internet for a new wallet when I heard a knock on the door. There was a man
4、 who I did not 6 . Could it be?After we exchanged greetings, he 7 me my wallet. He found it in the parking lot, thought of dropping it off at Joes Hardware but 8 to drive over and return it in person.He told me his 9 , but I was overcome with emotion and cannot be 100% sure. I think it was David. I
5、offered him a cash reward but he refused. He was just a regular guy doing the right thing.David, thank you so very much for returning my wallet and reinforcing my belief that there are some good and 10 people around. 1. A. carB. homeC. bankD. shop2. A. brokenB. emptyC. stolenD. missing3. A. recovere
6、dB. recordedC. retracedD. reduced4. A. loanB. sendC. showD. pass5. A. Come onB. Cheer upC. Slow downD. Look out6. A. doubtB. recognizeC. admireD. remember7. A. awardedB. foundC. broughtD. handed8. A. happenedB. decidedC. intendedD. hesitated9. A. ageB. hobbyC. nameD. job10. A. decentB. courageousC.
7、cautiousD. humble 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AI grew up in a remote village. There was no such thing as a book in most families. It was at the school library that I 11 (discover) the joy of reading. There I spent hours reading whatever a
8、ttracted my interest. Im sure I did not understand everything in those books at the time. 12 I did understand was the pleasure that good stories offer and the power of books to introduce me to lives and experiences 13 my own. I was “hooked on books,” as the saying goes.BWind is one of our cleanest a
9、nd most abundant power sources. Europe is leading the way in wind power. Nearly 75% of all turbines(风力发电机) 14 (locate) there. The country that produces the most energy from wind is Germany. However, Germany 15 (consume) a lot of energy, and wind only supplies about 5% of all its electrical needs. De
10、nmark is the global leader in this field, which uses wind 16 (supply) almost 20% of its energy.CThere are two different ways to think about an old shipwreck(沉船). Some people value its financial worth. Theyve spent a lot of time and money searching for the wreck. When they 17 (final) find it, they be
11、lieve that the ship and its contents should be 18 (they). These people are usually referred to as treasure hunters. For other people, however, a ship 19 (lie) at the bottom of the sea is a valuable opportunity to study how citizens from past cultures lived and traveled. Those people are marine archa
12、eologists, 20 study underwater historical sites.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALiu Jichen, founder and CEO ofClear Plate, designed a mini-program that recognizes empty plates and rewards users with points. These points can be exchanged for gifts
13、like books and cellphones, or better yet, they can be used to purchase charity meals donated to poor children in rural areas of China. In 2016, Liu, a then student of Tsinghua University, noticed a popular campaign called “Leftover Party”, where people brought their leftovers to eat together, intend
14、ing to raise awareness of food waste. Liu and his classmates organized one such event, which was attended by hundreds of people. The success encouraged him to spread the concept of reducing food waste to a wider audience.The idea of a mini-program struck him at a dinner in 2017 when Liu dined at a r
15、estaurant, which rewarded diners who finished off their food. Liu found that the restaurant would give these diners a card every time and offer them small gifts when they collected a certain number of cards. “Everyone who values food can enjoy a sense of gain at a lower cost,” Liu said, noting that
16、such an idea could be realized online. He formed a team to work on the project. Yet it was quite a challenge for the AI system to identify the uploaded photos. Liu and his team, assisted by more than 1,000 others, spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples across the country to train the digi
17、tal brain.“There were so many uncertainties in research and development. For our team members, the biggest challenge was whether we were confident enough to complete it,” Liu said. They not only achieved their goal, but now, the mini-program has more than five million registered users. “We hope to i
18、nspire everyone to take action against food waste and to contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions to global food security challenges,” he added. 21. What inspired Liu Jichen to create the mini-program?A. A restaurants practice.B. His interest in high tech. C. A campaign concept.D. His classmates advi
19、ce.22. What is the main aim of the mini-program?A. To increase awareness of charity. B. To encourage people to save food.C. To collect photos of empty plates. D. To promote books and other gifts.23. Which of the following words can best describe Liu Jichen?A. Generous and optimistic.B. Loving and ea
20、sy-going.C. Determined and responsible.D. Grateful and considerate.BFor people who struggle to read text, technology can be a lifeline. Actually, assistive technology (AT) tools for reading can also be useful to students who just need some extra assistance to aid reading fluency or comprehension. Th
21、ese tools are inexpensive and easy to find. They open up the wonderful world of reading, making text accessible to students of all abilities. But with so many tools out there, its not always easy to know which ones to use. To help, heres a guide to some best ones.l Graphic organizers They are visual
22、 representations, like diagrams and mind maps, of ideas and concepts. You can use graphic organizers to help with comprehension while reading. Graphic organizers can be digital or pen and paper.l Annotation aidsThey let you take notes and write comments while reading. This can make it easier to keep
23、 information. Annotation aids can be part of software or apps, or they can be traditional pens, markers, and sticky notes.l Display control It allows you to control how text is displayed. When reading on a screen, you can change the font(字体), font size, and spacing of text. You can also cover parts
24、of the screen to lessen distractions(干扰) while reading. l Text-to-speech (TTS) It lets you see text and hear it read aloud at the same time. To use this tool, you click on words, and youll hear the words read by computer-generated voices. You can even read after it and record your own voice. TTS can
25、 also be used to change any digital text files into audio files.l Optical character recognition (OCR)It can read aloud text from images and pictures. You can use OCR by taking photos of worksheets, paper documents, and even objects like street signs. Like TTS, OCR uses computer-generated voices.Keep
26、 in mind that using AT reading tools wont prevent people from learning to read. For example, experts say audiobooks can actually help kids become better readers. 24. If a reader prefers taking his feelings down while reading, hed better use _.A. graphic organizersB. annotation aidsC. display control
27、D. text-to-speech25. What feature makes OCR unique?A. Changing file types.B. Editing photos of documents.C. Reading words in pictures.D.Using computer-generated voices.26. According to the author, AT reading tools are _.A. accessible and beneficialB. expensive but worthwhileC. helpful and energy-eff
28、icientD. innovative but complicatedC Whether hunting or competing for limited space and resources, humans are the planets super predator(捕食者). As the human population expands, its getting harder for other creatures to find somewhere to hide during the day. Now new findings indicate animals around th
29、e world have come up with another strategy: They are becoming nocturnal. In apaperpublished inScience, researchers analyzed 76 previous scientific studies about human impact on animal activity. They compared animals activity during the day and night in areas of high human disturbance (from hunting o
30、r farming to hiking and other outdoor recreation) and low human disturbance (relatively natural conditions). The analysis showed animals are becoming an average of 1.36 times more nocturnal due to high human disturbance. For example, in Poland wild boars go from 48% nocturnal in natural forests to 9
31、0% nocturnal in urban areas. Even activities people consider relatively innocuous, such as hiking and wildlife viewing, strongly affected animals daily rhythms. “We think that were leaving no trace often when were outdoors, but we can be having lasting consequences on animal behavior,” says Kaitlyn
32、Gaynor, lead researcher for the study.This is not the first time animals have had to live at night; during the time of dinosaurs, they were alsonocturnal. “Dinosaurs were this ubiquitous(无处不在的), scary force, and only after their extinction did mammals(哺乳动物) emerge into the daylight,” Gaynor says. “A
33、nd now humans have taken over and are pushing other animals back into the night.” Scientists suspect becoming nocturnal may hurt those species highly adapted to the sun. They might not be able to live well at night, which would ultimately hurt their chances of survival and reproduction. Perhaps even
34、 more alarming effects could be in the wider ecosystem. In Californias Santa Cruz Mountains, coyotes have been more nocturnal in response to hikers and have started to alter their diets from daytime prey, such as squirrels and birds, to nocturnal prey, such as rats and rabbits.Exactly how ecological
35、 communities will change, and whether it will be for better or worse, requires further study. Some nighttime shifts may benefit both animals and humans, Gaynor notes. For instance, tigers in Nepal are avoiding potentially deadly conflicts with people as they become more nocturnal.Studies like this o
36、ne will eventually help conservation managers make better decisions about how to protect ecosystems. “Well need to understand local dynamics to really understand how we should be changing management of wildlife populations or human activities,” Gaynor notes, “One potential approach might be to manag
37、e the timing of human activities so that we leave some of the daylight for other animals.”27. How do animals respond to increasing human disturbance?A. By limiting food intake. B. By leaving their habitat.C. By controlling population.D. By adjusting daily routine.28. What does the underlined word “i
38、nnocuous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Harmless. B. Recreational.C. Organized.D. Irregular.29. Why does the author mention dinosaurs?A. To highlight the importance of daylight.B. To indicate the domination of humans.C. To illustrate mammals adaptability.D. To demonstrate dinosaurs power.30. What
39、can we learn about animals becoming nocturnal?A. It has led to a new ecological balance.B. It demands more conservation areas.C. It may encourage bio-diversity.D. It might be double-edged.DAn 8-year-old boy I know is small for his age, shorter and slighter than his friends, even smaller than his 5-y
40、ear-old sister. Concerned about the increasing use and possible risks of growth hormone(生长激素), I asked his mother if shed considered treating him with it. She replied, “Not really. Hes built like his father, who was short and slight as a boy and didnt shoot up until college.” His father, at 41, is n
41、ow 6 feet tall, though still very slender. He recalls being a reasonably athletic child but without the physical power of his friends, making up for what he lacked in mass with speed andagility. “I enjoyed competitive sports and worked on skills others didnt have,” he told me, and said he encourages
42、 his son to recognize andcapitalize onthe skills he has.If only every parent with a short but healthy child approached the matter as sensibly. Experts estimate that 60% to 80% of children who are short for their age do not have a growth hormone deficiency(缺乏) or other medical condition that limits g
43、rowth. But knowing theres a therapy available to increase height, some parents seek a medical solution for a perceived problem, even when there is no medical abnormality. They should also know, however, that new research has linked growth hormone treatment to serious unfavorable health effects years
44、 later.Dr. Adda Grimberg, a doctor at Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, recalled that “Twenty years ago, families were focused on health. They came in with a child who was not growing right and wanted to know if there was an underlyingdisease. Now, more and more, theyre focused on height. They wan
45、t growth hormone, looking for a specific height. But this is not like online shopping; you cant just place an order and make a child the height you want.”In 2003, the Food and Drug Administration approved use of recombinant human growth hormone for the condition known as “idiopathic short stature”,
46、or short build of unknown cause, which is not a disease. But it has caused a growing number of parents to consider using the hormone to boost the height of their children. The resulting rush to therapy reflects concerns about a widespread societal bias(偏见) against shortness, rather than a true medic
47、al need. Experts have noted that the practicebacks up the belief that short stature is unacceptable, leading to an increasing demand for therapy. It is far better, Dr. Grimberg suggested, to help a short child develop coping skills than to buy inches through medicine. 31. As for the parents attitude
48、 to their 8-year-old boys shortness, the author is _.A. critical B. tolerantC. supportiveD. worried32. How do many parents today react to their childrens shortness?A. They are eager to get the expected result.B. They spare no effort to sort out the cause.C. They feel disturbed by their childrens hea
49、lth.D. They help develop their childrens coping skills.33. What can we learn about the growth hormone treatment?A. It might be officially recommended.B. It may fuel height discrimination.C. It is pushed by a medical need.D. It is targeted at certain diseases.34. Which would be the best title for thi
50、s passage?A. Shower the Short with Growth Hormones B. Find Replacement for Growth HormonesC. Assess the Effects of Growth Hormones D. Weigh the Use of Growth Hormones第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Five Established Memory BoostersCant remember where you left your car k
51、eys again? 35 And as smartphones and tablets make it possible to outsource memory storage to our devices, the act of forgetting may be easier than ever. But scientists are still discovering how everyday actions can lead to enhancements in our overall memory capacity. Here are a few simple tips for m
52、astering your memory:GET SOME SLEEP. As were sleeping, our brains change recent experiences into long-term memory, a process known as consolidation. 36 A 2014 Science study found mice that slept after acquiring a new task were able to preserve the memory better than their counterparts lacking in sle
53、ep.EXERCISE REGULARLY. If you need another reason to hit the gym, regular exercisespecifically, aerobic exercisehas been shown to enhance memory recall, particularly in young adults. For older adults, it can even put off brain shrinkage. EAT MORE BERRIES. 37 A growing body of research suggests that
54、snacking on strawberries, blueberries and blackberries can boost the brains communication pathways. And eating berries, according to a 2012 study, could actually slow memory decline caused by aging.SAY IT OUT LOUD. 38 But researchers have learned that saying them out loud rather than reading informa
55、tion silentlycan result in a major memory upgrade. If youre feeling shy, you can also try typing or writing it out, too.GO TO YOUR MEMORY PALACE. 39 One of these is the method of loci(轨迹记忆法), or the visualizing of information as major stops along a mental journey, like an imaginary walk through your
56、 childhood home. A 2017 study found that this technique actually reshapes different networks of the brain to better support memory. A. Remembering new concepts isnt always easy.B. And a good nights sleep can help you learn, too.C. Sufficient amounts of vitamin B2 can improve your memory.D. Changing
57、habits is hard, but having more fruit doesnt sound so bad, right?E. And we are beginning to understand the importance of sleep to overall health.F. Strategies for supercharging our memories have been around since ancient times.G. With numerous businesses to deal with in our brain, its easy to let a
58、few things slip through.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Digital Inclusion for Older AdultsAs a researcher in the behavior of older adults, I regularly hear complaints from them like, “Im just not part of this world anymore. In certain parts of society, I j
59、ust cant join Some things just are not possible if you are not in the flow of the Internet.” or “We feel like were standing outside a building that we have no access to.” Today, mastering digital technology has become a key component of what it means to fully participate in society. But one area in
60、particular threatens to prevent some older adults from making connections: the digital divide.As a recent study shows, one-third of adults aged 65 and older say theyve never used the Internet, and half dont have Internet access at home. Of those who do use the Internet, nearly half say they need som
61、eone elses help to set up or use a new digital device.In contrast to concerns about technology use increasing isolation(孤立；隔离) among younger populations, the communication and connection possible online can be especially valuable for older adults who are homebound, live far away from family, or have
62、 lost the loved ones. Older adults can use online tools to connect with friends and family via messaging platforms, video chat, and social media even if they can no longer physically visit them. And they can engage with the outside world through news, blogs, streaming platforms, and email, even if t
63、hey are no longer able to move about as easily as they once could. For older adults in particular, the risks associated with social isolation are profound. Loneliness among older adults has been associated with depression, functional decline, and death. Technology can serve as an important tool to h
64、elp reduce these risks, but only if we provide older adults with the skills they need, to make inclusion in the digital world accessible to them. The importance of digital inclusion is not going to disappear with the generational changes of the coming decades. Technology is continuously developing,
65、and with each new digital innovation come challenges for even younger adults to adapt.40. What prevents some older adults from connecting with society?41. What do the statistics in Paragraph 3 indicate?42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain wh
66、y. Enabling older adults to access the digital world can help them recover from depression and functional decline.43. Please briefly present your opinion on digital inclusion. (about 40 words)第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。毕业在即，同学们想请曾在你班学习的英国学生Jim录制一段视频。作为班长，请你给Jim写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.视频内容；2.其它相关事项。注意：1词数100左右；2.
67、开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim, Yours,Li Hua北京市东城区 20202021 学年度第二学期高三综合练习（二）英语 2021.5第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节 完形填空（共 10小题；每小题1.5分。共15分）1.A2.D3.C4.B 5.C6.B7.D8. B9.C10.A第二节语法填空（共 10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)11. discovered12. What13. Beyond14. are located15. consumes16. to supply17. Fnally18. Theirs19. Lying20. who第二部分：
68、阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节(共14小题：每小题2分，共28 分)21.A22. B23.C.24.B.25.C.26.A27. D28.A.29.B.30.D31.C32. A33.B.34.D.第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，共10 分35.G36.B37. D38.A39.F第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（12分）40. The digital divide.41. The problem of the digital divide among older ndults is serious/ common,42.Enabling older adults 10 aeces
69、s the digital world ceu help them recover from depression and fnnerional delie.According to the passage, enabling older adults to access the digital world can help reduce the risks of depression and functional decline rather than recower from them.43.略第二节（20分）参考范文：Dear Jim,How are you doing? Its bee
70、n a while and we all miss you. I m writing to invite you to join us in a special event.You know, well graduate in June. Its a pity that you cant be present at the graduation ceremony. But we do hope you can attend in a different way. Would you like to record a short video to express your wishes? And
71、 itll be great if you also share with us your life in. Britain. I bet the video will be a hit at the ceremony and its bound to bring back fond memories of our time together.Sounds fun, right? Please email it to me by next Sunday, and if you need assistance of any kind, Id be more than happy to help.Yours,Li Hua.
