1、Section Warming Up & ReadingLanguage Points desiren渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要(教材P10)Do you think it is possible for a robot to have its own needs and desires?你认为机器人有可能有自己的需求和愿望吗？(1)have a desire (2)desire (sb.)to do sth. 想要(某人)做某事desire that.(should) do. 渴望做 (2019全国卷)Knowing that a Chinese painting exhibiti
2、on will be held by the local gallery, Im writing to express my desire to be a volunteer.得知当地美术馆将举办一场国画展，我写信表达我想成为一名志愿者的愿望。Disabled people desire to live a normal life.In other words, they want to live as well as ordinary people do.残疾人渴望过正常的生活。换句话说，他们想跟普通人生活得一样好。即学即练单句语法填空We desire that immediate hel
3、p (should)_be_given(give) to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood.I desire to_contact(contact) him for some suggestions on improving my listening.能力提升一句多译每个人都渴望成功，但成功只属于努力的人。Everyone has_a_desire_for_success while success only belongs to the hardworking people.(desire n)Everyone de
4、sires_to_succeed while success only belongs to the hardworking people.(desire v) sympathyn同情(心)(教材P11)Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.克莱尔觉得，被一个机器人同情很荒唐。have/feel sympathy for.同情express ones sympathy 表达某人的同情out of sympathy 出于同情 in sympathy with. 赞成 We should feel sy
5、mpathy for the disabled rather than make fun of them.我们应该同情残疾人，而不是取笑他们。I am in sympathy with his view that the disabled need respecting.我同意他的观点：残疾人需要尊重。 能力提升微写作他很同情在这场可怕的事故中父母都丧生的小男孩。He feels_great_sympathy_for_the_little_boy whose parents were both killed in the terrible accident.出于同情，布莱克太太给了这位可怜的老
6、人一些钱。Out_of_sympathy,_Mrs.Black gave some money to the poor old man. favourn喜爱；恩惠vt.喜爱；偏袒(教材P11)As a favour Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her home more elegant.托尼为让克莱尔高兴，答应帮助她，使她变得更聪明，使她的家变得更高雅大气。do sb.a favour帮某人一个忙owe sb.a favour 欠某人一个人情in favour of 赞成；主张 (全国卷)I am writing
7、to tell you something about my plan for the coming summer vacation and I also want you to do me a favour. 我写信想告诉你有关我即将到来的暑期计划，也想让你帮我一个忙。I owed him a favour, so I couldnt say no to him.我欠他一个人情，所以我不能拒绝他。即学即练单句语法填空English is my favourite(favour) subject and Ive won several prizes in English contests. S
8、o I think that Im qualified for the position.Our products have good fame at home and abroad, deeply favoured(favour) by customers.Most of them were in favour of my opinion while David was against it.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)Id appreciate it if you could help me at your convenience.(高级表达)Id appreciate it if you
9、 could do_me_a_favour at your convenience. accompanyvt.陪伴；伴奏(教材P11)As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her.因为不被允许陪克莱尔去商店，托尼就给她写了一份购物清单。(1)accompany sb.to sp. 陪伴某人到某地accompany sb.on/at sth. 用某物为某人伴奏 (2)company n. 陪伴；公司keep pany 陪伴某人 We did a lot for t
10、he elderly at the nursing home，cleaning their rooms，washing clothes for them and accompanying them，which made them very happy.在敬老院我们为老人做了许多事情，打扫房间、洗衣服、陪伴他们，这使他们非常高兴。Id be very grateful if you could accompany me to the police station.如果你能陪我去警察局我将不胜感激。即学即练单句语法填空Children, when accompanied(accompany) by
11、 their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.He felt it a great honour to_be_accompanied(accompany) by the famous pianist Lang Lang.He accompanied his old father to the hospital to see whats wrong with his stomach.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)Nobody kept her company during the festival. The old lady felt lonel
12、y.(高级表达)With_nobody_accompanying_her during the festival, the old lady felt lonely.(with复合结构) ring up给打电话(教材P11)When the clerk at the counter was rude to her，she rang Tony up and told the clerk to speak to him.当柜台售货员对她很粗鲁时，她就打电话给托尼，让售货员同托尼讲话。(1)打电话给某人(2)call/ring back 回电话(3)(4)answer the phone 接电话 O
13、n arriving at the airport，he rang up his mother to say everything was OK.一到达机场，他就打电话给他母亲报平安。I have something important to say.Please hold on for a moment.我有要事要说，请不要挂断电话。即学即练用介词或副词填空I was about to answer the phone when it was rung off/hung up last night.As soon as he returns，I will tell him to ring b
14、ackI have to ring off now because my friend is waiting for me. turn around转身；翻转(教材P11)As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.她刚一转过身来，就看到格拉迪丝克拉芬站在那儿。turn in 上交，交回turn out 结果是；生产；出席turn down 拒绝；调小/低turn up 调高/大；出现turn on/off 开/关(灯、煤气、水龙头等)turn to 转向；翻到；求助于 She turned around and saw her compa
15、nion running toward her out of breath.她转过身来， 看见她的同伴气喘吁吁地向她跑来。He tried to join the army but was turned down because of poor health.他想参军，但因身体不好被拒绝了。即学即练用turn的相关短语填空Things turned_out to exactly as the professor had foreseen.The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be turned_downThe moment the bel
16、l rang, all the students turned_in their papers immediately.Dont worry. Im sure your missing glasses will turn_up sooner or later.能力提升微写作在这种情况下，我们别无选择，只能向他人求助。In this case we have no choice, but turn_to_others_for_help declarevt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称(经典例句)The chairman was about to declare the conference open
17、when there was a failure power.主席正要宣布会议开幕这时停电了。declare sb./sth.to be/as宣布某人或某事declare for/against 表示赞成/反对declare war (on/against) (向)宣战declare sth.open/closed 宣布开始/结束The United States declared its independence from Britain in 1776.美国于1776年正式宣布脱离英国而独立。He declared against the plan at the meeting，which
18、 surprised us all.在会议上他反对这项计划，这使我们都很吃惊。 即学即练单句语法填空In September 1939，Britain declared war on/against Germany after Germany invaded Poland.In 1972, President Richard Nixon declared the third Sunday of June every year to_be/as Fathers Day in America.能力提升完成句子Seeing that everybody is here, I declare_the_
19、meeting_open(宣布会议开始) envyvt.忌妒；羡慕n嫉妒；羡慕(教材P12)What a sweet victory to be envied by those women!受到那些女士的忌妒，是多么甜美的胜利啊！(1)envy sb.(doing) sth.忌妒或羡慕某人(做)某事(2)feel envy at 对感到忌妒或羡慕with envy 出于忌妒out of envy 出于忌妒 I envy you having such a close family.我羡慕你有这么一个亲密的家庭。To be honest, I feel envy at his success.诚
20、实地说， 我羡慕他的成功。能力提升微写作我们都羡慕他有赚钱的好机会。We all envy_him_the_good_chance to make a profit.他们的英语老师偏袒约翰，这使他成为其他孩子忌妒的对象。Their English teacher favours John，which makes him the_envy_of_the_other_kids leave.alone不管；别惹；让一个人待着；和单独在一起(教材P12)She shouted “Leave me alone” and ran to her bed.她高声嚷着“让我独自待一会儿”就跑上床。leave b
21、ehind留下；遗忘；把抛在后面leave out 遗漏；省去；不考虑leave sth. as it is 听任某事自由发展leave for. 动身到leave aside 搁置一边 Hes in a bad mood right now. Wed better leave him alone.他现在情绪很坏。我们最好不要打扰他。We should learn to love nature, to leave it as it is.我们应该学会热爱大自然， 遵循自然。 即学即练单句语法填空The picture shows that in our society some old peo
22、ple are left alone by their own children like the old man in the picture.I wonder why they left aside such an important question.Youll have to put in some extra work if you dont want to get left behind (教材P11)It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。“It beadj.tha
23、t从句”是固定句式， 其中it是形式主语， 真正的主语是that引导的从句。it作形式主语的常用句式：(1)It be形容词(obvious, possible, strange, natural, important.)that从句；(2)It be名词短语(a pity, a fact, a wonder, a shame, an honour, no wonder.)that从句。 Its quite obvious that the aging population in China will cause heavy pressure on the whole society in t
24、he future.很明显，中国的人口老龄化会对未来的整个社会造成很大的压力。It is necessary that we (should) get familiar with our working environment.我们有必要熟悉我们的工作环境。即学即练单句语法填空It is obvious that he has known the truth.It is a pity that Jane and George cant make it to the party.能力提升微写作在新的环境中学会和他人相处对每个人都很重要。It_is_important_that everyone
25、should learn to get along well with others in a new environment. 地点或时间副词位于句首时引起的完全倒装句 (教材P11)As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern.她刚一转过身来，就看到格拉迪丝克拉芬站在那儿。引起完全倒装的几种情形：(1)时间、地点、方向副词位于句首；(2)介词短语位于句首；(3)分词、不定式作表语时位于句首。 At the foot of the mountain lies their cottage，where they have lived for 5
26、0 years.山脚下坐落着他们的小屋，在那里他们已经住了50年。There stands a church in the east of the city.城东有一座教堂。能力提升句式升级(普通表达)There stands an old temple. It dates back to the Ming Dynasty.(高级表达)There_stands_an_old_temple_which_dates_back_to the Ming Dynasty.(定语从句)(高级表达)There_stands_an_old_temple_dating_back_to the Ming Dyna
27、sty.(分词作定语) cant/couldnt have sb. doing sth.不允许某人做某事 (教材P12)But even though Tony had been so clever，he would have to be rebuiltyou cannot have women falling in love with machines.但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得经过一番改造总不能让女人与机器相爱吧。(1)have sb.doing 表示“允许或容忍某人做某事”，多用于否定句中，特别是用在cannot，will not等之后。(2)have/get sth.done让某事被
28、做have sb. to do sth. 让某人去做某事have sth.to do 有事情要做 I cant have you speaking to your mother in a rude manner. You must apologize to her immediately.我不允许你用粗鲁的方式跟你的妈妈说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。I wont have you making the same mistake again and again.我不允许你反复犯同样的错误。即学即练单句语法填空(2017天津卷)There is no need to worry about. I wi
29、ll have Tom to_pick(pick) you up at the airport.I intended to take up a parttime job, through which I can have my horizons broadened(broad)He was very funny and had us laughing(laugh)all the way. 品句填词1Everyone desires(渴望) to live in a world free of worries and pains.2Alarmed(惊动) by the noise, the bi
30、rds flew away.3Since Janes colleague resigned, there have always been piles(堆) of work waiting for her each day.4The court declared(宣布) that the strike action was illegal.5To our satisfaction(满意), the disabled have easy access to any parts of the new theatre.6She begged me to accompany(陪伴) her to at
31、tend her daughters graduation ceremony.7My mother is so kind that she has a lot of sympathy(同情心) for those in need.8I dont envy(羡慕) you your journey in this bad weather.9The minister is so busy with the affairs(事务) of state that he often forgets to eat and sleep.10If your baggage is overweight(超重的)
32、youll have to pay extra. 单句改错1After a whole afternoons heated discussion，they finally declared us what had been decided.在declared后加to2The superstar showed up at the court，accompanying by his agent.accompanyingaccompanied3Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English
33、improving in a short period.improvingimproved4There stands two lions at the entrance to the zoo.standsstand5It is desired that remote control introduced into this system.在introduced前加(should)_be 完成句子1当那个调皮的男孩从墙上跳下时，校长站在那里。When the naughty boy jumped off the wall, there stood_the_headmaster2她脸上惊讶的表情表
34、明，她没想到这个机器人如此英俊。The surprised_look_on_her_face suggested that she hadnt expected that the robot was so handsome.3我刚从网上得知李磊去世了。就在那时我才意识到健康是多么重要。I just got the news online that Li Lei had passed away. It_was_then_that I realized how important health was.4放弃你愚蠢的想法吧。你父母不会允许你辍学帮他们养家的。Give up your foolish
35、 idea. Your parents wont_have_you_dropping_out_of_school to help them support the family.5当我第一次去杭州西湖时，它美丽的景色给我留下了极为深刻的印象。The first time I went to the West Lake in Hangzhou, I was_deeply_impressed_by its beautiful scenery. 课文语法填空A robot was going to be tested out in Claires house when her husband was
36、nt at home. When the robot named Tony first appeared in her house, Claire felt 1.alarmed(alarm), because Tony was more like a human than a machine. On 2.the second morning, Tony brought Claire breakfast and then asked her if she needed help dressing, 3.which made her embarrassed.One day, when Claire
37、 told her troubles to Tony, he promised to help her make herself 4.smarter(smart) and her home more elegant. When Claire went to buy a necklace and was treated 5.rudely(rude) by a clerk, Tony got him to apologize to her. Claire was excited and called Tony a “dear”. When they worked on the 6.improvem
38、ents(improve) to the house, Claire fell off a ladder, but Tony managed 7.to_catch(catch) her in time. He held her firmly in his arms and she felt the warmth of his body. She screamed and ran away. A party 8.was_held(hold) on the night before Tony left. Claire was 9.in great pain when she remembered
39、Tony was just a machine and cried all night.The next morning Tony was taken away. The company was pleased with Tonys report, but he would be rebuilt because the company cant have women 10.falling(fall) in love with a robot. 单句语法填空1Lilys boyfriend picks her up after work every day, which is_envied(en
40、vy) by her female colleagues.2Andrew felt alarmed(alarm) when he saw the big creature, because he had never seen it before.3He sang and Alice accompanied(accompany) him on the piano.4Henry is very annoying and is always trying to influence other peoples affairs(affair)5Our foreign teacher is from En
41、gland, who is a tall, elegantly(elegant) dressed man with a mustache.6William was_declared(declare) to be innocent and was set free at once, which was a huge relief to his parents.7I have a lot of sympathy for her；she had to bring up the children on her own after her husband died.8Hearing the studen
42、ts answer，the old professor nodded with great satisfaction(satisfy)9In my opinion, a robot like this is more a friend than a machine.10It was awful! One of my violin strings broke right in the middle of the Mozart piece.I felt so embarrassed(embarrass) 阅读理解Many animals have adaptations that help the
43、m cope with specific environments or lifestyles. These special adaptations are written in the genome(基因组) and passed down from generation to generation. This information can help scientists project into the future as well. Reading an animals genes can help us predict whether an organism(有机体) might a
44、dapt to rapid changes in their environment, like those brought on by climate change, so as to match conservation efforts for atrisk species.A group of biologists are associated with the Bird Genoscape Project that is concerned with the effects of a changing climate. They investigated this question b
45、y using yellow warblers(黄莺) and found that some genes looked different in birds from rainy regions when compared with the same genes in birds living in dry zones. These birds have ideally adapted to their local climates.But if birds have adapted to their current climate, what will happen in the comi
46、ng years as the climate changes?Many regions of the US are predicted to get warmer and drier over the next century. Because the biologists had an idea of which genetic changes are ideal for each climate, they could calculate how much the genome sequences of yellow warbler populations would have to c
47、hange over the next 50 years to match the genetic conditions of yellow warblers in future conditions. Yellow warblers in some regions, like the Rocky Mountains, showed very high levels of genomic vulnerability(脆弱性), suggesting they would need many changes in their genomes to keep up with climate cha
48、nge. Meanwhile, yellow warblers from other regions, like the Midwest, had low genomic vulnerability and were less at risk.When we compared genomic vulnerability to changes in yellow warbler populations over the past 50 years, in areas like parts of California and the Rocky Mountains, which had the h
49、ighest genomic vulnerability, yellow warbler populations have already declined. This could mean that climate change has already affected these populations, and those effects are likely to become even more severe over the next century.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。动物的基因可以体现其对环境的适应能力。科学家们通过研究动物的基因以帮助预测这些动物是否能够适应未来的环
50、境变化，从而保护濒危动物。1Why should we study the genes of animals according to the author?ATo protect them from extinction.BTo study the climate change in history.CTo predict the environment in the future.DTo know how climate affects their reproduction.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的Reading an animals genes can.conservation
51、efforts for atrisk species.可知，研究动物的基因是为了保护那些濒临灭绝的动物。2From the comparison between rainy regions and dry regions, we know that _Abirds in rainy areas have worse adaptabilityBthe genes of birds are influenced by the environmentCglobal warming has limited effects on birds in dry areasDthe environment bi
52、rds live in determines the order of their genesB解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，经过对比干旱地区和湿润地区鸟的基因可发现，它们的基因受环境的影响。3What can we learn about the yellow warblers in the US?AMost of them can adapt to the climate change easily.BFew of them will exist in Rocky Mountains in the future.CTheir population is related with
53、the level of genomic vulnerability.DThe change in their DNA code can help them adapt to climate change.C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的内容及第五段的第一句话可知，在一些地区，黄莺的基因脆弱性较强，气候变化使这些地区的黄莺数量不断减少，由此推断，黄莺的数量与其基因脆弱性水平密切相关。4Whats the main idea of the passage?AAnimals DNA can tell their adaptability.BYellow warblers are highly vu
54、lnerable species.CChanging is the matter of life and death.DEnvironment affects animals genome.A解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是动物的基因可以体现其对环境的适应能力。 完形填空Because I had played soccer for many years, my decision to play football in my senior year was rather bold. It came after several months of hard _1_. I remembered
55、the day before summer _2_ started, my father asked whether I was scared, to which I _3_， “How can I be scared of something I dont know？” After making that _4_， I realized that I am not afraid of the unknown. And all this is owed to one earlier experience.When I was ten, I received _5_ that my father
56、 had been removed to work in England, and my family and I were moving to London. It was big, and I was a smalltown kid from _6_ New Jersey who barely knew where London was. I didnt take kindly to the fact that I would be leaving the only place I had ever known as _7_. A fiveyear journey began with a
57、(n) _8_ kid in an airport who was, _9_， the last person to board the plane _10_ the unknown.But after four years in London, I had changed. I had _11_ the unknown and everything was okay. Five months into my fifth year, our time abroad was over, and my family would be returning to New Jersey. This ar
58、oused mixed emotions. _12_ I had wanted nothing more than to go back for the _13_ several years, now I had begun _14_ my situation. The moving day came, but this time I wasnt scared, and I _15_ that I would never again be afraid of the unknown.I will never _16_ my first day of football training. I c
59、ame home and was _17_ by my mother. Seeing her I just said, _18_，“I must be out of my mind，” and walked away. The truth is, I was not out of my mind. _19_ to play football was, in effect, agreeing to _20_ what I had always known, and experience something I had never done before.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者十岁从新
60、泽西搬到伦敦的经历让他变得善于适应新环境。高三时他决定在踢了多年的足球后改去玩橄榄球，他意识到自己已经不再害怕未知的东西。1A.designBimaginationCworkDthoughtD解析：作者不再踢足球而改去玩橄榄球的决定是经过几个月的深思熟虑才做出的。hard thought意为“努力思考，冥思苦想”，符合语境。2A.competitionBpracticeCvacationDtimeB解析：根据文章最后一段第一句I will never _ my first day of football training.可知，此处指暑假的橄榄球训练(practice)。3A.readjust
61、edBrepliedCreportedDrepeatedB解析：当父亲问作者是否感到害怕时，作者回答(replied)说：“我怎么可能会害怕我不知道的东西。”4A.remarkBsuggestionCnoteDruleA解析：回答完父亲的问题后，作者意识到自己不惧怕未知的东西。remark意为“谈论，言论”。5A.orderBfactCnewsDinvitationC解析：作者十岁的时候收到消息(news)，父亲已经被调到英国工作，作者和家人也将搬到伦敦。6A.modernBbeautifulCurbanDremoteD解析：对即将搬到伦敦的作者来说，伦敦很大，新泽西很远(remote)，他甚
62、至都不知道伦敦在哪里。7A.homeBschoolCcountrysideDtownA解析：作者不乐意接受即将离开他认为是家(home)的地方这个事实。8A.excitedBfrightenedCconfidentDembarrassedB解析：根据上下文信息可知，此刻的作者是很害怕的(frightened)。9A.patientlyBfinallyCcalmlyDunwillinglyD解析：根据上文信息可知，作者不愿意(unwillingly)离开家去伦敦。10A.running acrossBcoming fromCfighting withDleading toD解析：根据上文作者说自
63、己甚至还不知道伦敦在哪里可推知，作者认为这架飞机是通往(leading to)未知的。11A.gone intoBlooked intoCfallen intoDbroken intoA解析：在伦敦待了四年后，作者变了，融入了(gone into)未知，一切都很好。12A.UnlessBNow thatCEven thoughDSinceC解析：根据空前的mixed emotions及其后的主句now I had begun.my situation可知，本从句应为让步状语从句，Even though符合语境。13A.differentBrecentCpreviousDvaluableC解析：
64、根据下文now I had begun.my situation可知，作者只想搬回家是前(previous)几年的想法。14A.judgingBconsideringCappreciatingDreviewingC解析：根据下文I would never again be afraid of the unknown可推知，作者不再惧怕未知的东西，现在他开始感激(appreciating)自己的境遇了。15A.hopedBknewCinsistedDpromisedB解析：作者知道(knew)自己对未知的东西决不会惧怕了。16A.forgetBrememberCregretDadmireA解析：
65、作者说自己决不会忘记(forget)第一天的橄榄球训练。17A.criticizedBgreetedCblamedDrequestedB解析：根据上文训练后回家的信息及下句与妈妈的对话可推知，此处是作者回家时，妈妈跟他打招呼(greeted)。18A.happilyBsadlyCsimplyDawkwardlyC解析：根据Seeing her I just said可知，作者只是简单地(simply)回应妈妈的问候。19A.FailedBAgreeingCRefusingDDecidingD解析：作者做出玩橄榄球的决定(Deciding)，实际上就是去体验未知的东西。20A.step away
66、 fromBgo in forCput up withDlook forward toA解析：根据.and experience something I had never done before.可知，此处指作者放弃(step away from)已经熟悉了的东西，去体验未知的东西。 短文改错My former headmaster Mr. Page will leave his job because of old age next week. Student of the school, old and new, will send him a present to marking th
67、e occasion. They will sign their names on a large photo. Mr. Page deserves to admired and respected. We shall all remember him for his patient and understanding and for the kind encouragement he gave us to. Mr. Page will have been teaching for the total of forty years on the day of his retirement(退休
68、). After his retirement, he will devote him to gardening. For him, this will be an entire new hobby. But this did not matter, for, as he has often said, one is never very old to learn.答案：My former headmaster Mr. Page will leave his job because of old age next week. of the school, old and new, will s
69、end him a present to the occasion. They will sign their names on a large photo. Mr. Page deserves to admired and respected. We shall all remember him for his and understanding and for the kind encouragement he gave us . Mr. Page will have been teaching for total of forty years on the day of his retirement(退休). After his retirement, he will devote to gardening. For him, this will be an new hobby. But this not matter, for, as he has often said, one is never old to learn.
