1、 Unit 1A land of diversity必备知识盘点夯基 ,BI BEI ZHI SHI PAN DIAN HANG JI单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用核心单词1_means_n手段；方法2_hardship_n苦难；困苦3_occur_vi发生；出现4_reform_vt& vi改革；革新n改革；改造；改良5_hire_vt& n租用；雇用6_nowhere_adv无处；到处都无7_luggage_n行李8_grasp_vt& n抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会9_conductor_n(公共汽车的)售票员；列车长；(乐队)指挥10_slip_vi滑动；滑行；滑跤n滑动；滑倒11_boom_
2、n(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi处于经济迅速发展时期12_despite_prep尽管；不管13_customs_n海关；关税；进口税1In the meantime, mobile online shopping market was _booming_ (繁荣) in China, with an annual growth rate of 635%2Maybe you have been to many countries, but _nowhere_ (无处) else in the world can you find more attractive scenery than in Swi
3、tzerland3_Despite_ (尽管) his frequent absence, Bruce managed to keep up with his studies4_Grasp_ (抓住) the main idea of the text, and you will be able to answer the question5(2020新高考卷)You dont need to apologize for a minor slip(滑跤)6 I was really upset to find that such a thing should _have occurred_ (
4、occur) in your shop7 The unfair wage system must be _reformed_ (reform) as soon as possible in the company拓展单词1_majority_n大多数；大半_major_ adj主要的；重要的vi主修，专攻2_elect_ vt选择；决定做某事；选举某人_election_n选举3 _applicant_ n申请人_apply_ vi申请；应用_application_ n申请书；申请4_apparent_adj显而易见的；显然的；表面上的_apparently_adv显然地；显而易见地5 _i
5、ndicate_vt指出；标示；表明；暗示_indication_ n标示；迹象_indicator_ n指示器；指示信号6_fascinating_ adj迷人的；吸引人的_fascinate_v吸引；使着迷7_racial_ adj人种的；种族的_race_n种族；比赛8 _punishment_ n处罚；惩罚_punish _v处罚；惩罚1One of the _major_ problems is that a _majority_ of the graduates who _major_ in English find it difficult to find a good job
6、(majority) 2Donald Trump won the _election_ and was _elected_ president of the United States (elect) 3 All the _applicants_ can _apply_ in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their _applications_ before May 6th (apply) 4_Apparently_，she took no notice of the _apparent_ mistakes i
7、n the accident (apparent)5In the _races_ at Olympics, we should reflect _racial_ equality(race)6He was lucky to have escaped _punishment/being punished_，but his fellow was _punished_ by their teacher(punish)联想积累：1与“雇用；辞退”有关的词汇hire n & vt 雇用employ vt 雇用take on 雇用fire vt 解雇；开除dismiss vt 解雇；开除discharge
8、 vt 辞退lay off 解雇turn away 解雇2单复数意义不同的名词小结custom(风俗)customs (海关)manner(方式)manners (礼貌)paper (纸)papers(文件)art(艺术)arts(文科) arm (手臂)arms(武器)short(短的)shorts(短裤)work(工作)works(作品)3后缀“-or”表示“人”的高频名词conductor 售票员；列车员translator 翻译家；译者director 导演；主管educator 教育工作者editor 编辑inventor 发明家；发明者operator 操作员；接线员短语语境助记写
9、准记牢语境运用1_live on_继续存在；继续生存2_by means of_用办法；借助3_make a life_习惯于新的生活方式、工作等4_keep up_坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)5_back to back_背靠背6_team up with_与合作或一起工作7_mark out_用线画出范围；标出界线8_take in_包括；吸收9_a great/good many_许多；很多10 _apply for _申请；请示得到语境运用1After seeing _a great/good many_ homeless people in the streets, I thou
10、ght I should do something for them2In many countries, young people still _keep up _ the tradition that women will get married in a long white dress 3Mr Brown sent an email to the manager, _applying for_ a job in the company4John preferred to go into business alone rather than _team up with_ anyone e
11、lse5It is honorable to _make a life _ with your hands while depending on others is a shame句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用1However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago然而，可能至少在15 000年前美洲土著人就生活在加利福尼亚了。it is likely that“有可能”。1(浙江高考书面表达)爬完山后我们有可能会在山脚下的湖边进行一
12、次野餐。_Its likely that_ we will have a picnic by the lake at the foot of the mountain after climbing the mountain2That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。That is why“那就是的原因”。2(浙江高考书面表达)那就是为什么我推荐另一个类型的书文学书籍的原因。_Thats why_
13、 I recommend another category of books: Literary books3It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将非常之大，以至于明显主要的种族或文化群体将不复存在。It is believed that“人们认为/相信”，其构成为：Itbe过去分词that从句。3(江苏高考书面表达)人们认为
14、，在未来的一年，中国经济有望中速发展。_Its believed that_ Chinas economy is to grow at a medium speed in the coming years核心素养精讲层练 HE XIN SU YANG JING JIANG CENG LIAN1means n手段；方法(单复数同形)归纳拓展(1)by this means用这种方法by means of用办法；借助by no means in no wayin no caseon no accountat no time决不；一定也不(放在句首时，句子用倒装语序)by all means(用于交
15、际英语表示同意)当然可以；没问题(2)a means of communication一种通讯/交流工具名师点津means用作“方式；方法”讲时单复数同形。若all/some/several/many means作主语， 谓语动词用复数形式。若every/each/one/a means作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。层级训练夯基单句语法填空/补全句子。By no means _is_ (be) this a good way to solve the problemEvery possible means _has been tried_ (try), but none has workedAl
16、l possible means _have been tried_ (try), but none has workedBesides, the choice of the traditional Chinese dress _means_ (mean) extra money, and extra time, for we have to change it back after the event (2018全国卷书面表达)Students sometimes support themselves _by means of doing part-time jobs_(通过做兼职工作)(2
17、020江苏卷)Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?By all means(当然可以，没问题)He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty提能单句写作。(2018全国卷书面表达)And youd better practice using chopsticks in advance，_which is also a means of showing your good table manners_你最好事先练习用筷子，这也是展示你良好的餐桌礼仪的一种方式
18、。2majority n大多数；大半词汇拓展major adj主要的vi专修；主攻minority n少数；少数派/人用法归纳(1)a/the majority ofmost of大多数be in a/the majority构成大多数/大部分(2)major in主修(3)the majority和the minority单独用作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若强调个体，谓语动词则用复数形式；但其后表语是复数时，谓语动词通常也要用复数。(4)“the/a majority of名词”用作主语，其谓语动词的数应与名词的数保持一致。层级训练夯基单句语法填空。Only a small n
19、umber of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking subway to work are _in_ the majorityAn agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members _are_(be) against it (北京卷书面表达)In fact, he inspires me to major _in_ English in college, to be a bridge between
20、China and the world 夯基单句改错。I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major the gardening after attending college_major后加in_提能句式升级。When it comes to education, most people believe that it is a lifetime studyWhen it comes to education，_the majority of_ people believe th
21、at it is a lifetime study3occur vi(occurred，occurred)发生；出现；存在词汇拓展occurrence n出现；发生；事件用法归纳sthoccurs to sb某人突然想起某事It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that某人突然想起It occurs to sb to do sth某人突然想起做某事层级训练夯基单句语法填空。I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident _occurred_ (occur)A good id
22、ea occurred _to_ me when I woke up this morning提能一句多译。我突然想起我应该彻底打扫房间。_It occurred to me that I _should give the rooms a thorough cleaning_It hit me that I _should give the rooms a thorough cleaning_It struck me that I_ should give the rooms a thorough cleaning4indicate vt指出；指示；表明词汇拓展indication n指出；表
23、明indicator n指示器；(化)指示剂用法归纳(1)indicate sthto sb向某人指示indicate that 指示；表明asindicate正如所示(2)There is no indication that无迹象表明There are some indications that有迹象表明层级训练夯基单句语法填空。(2018全国卷)Forms will be available in school and online for them _to indicate_ (indicate)their choices and return to school There is a
24、 great deal of evidence _ indicating_ (indicate) that music activities engage different parts of the brainThe way a person is dressed in is a good _indication_(indicate) of his/her character or personality提能单句写作。图画显示，一个男孩坐在桌边专心读书。 _As is indicated in the picture_，a boy is sitting at the table, absor
25、bed in reading 5make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等归纳拓展(1)come to life苏醒；变得活跃come back to life苏醒过来，恢复生气bringback to life使苏醒过来；给活力live/lead alife过着生活(2)make/earn a/ones living谋生层级训练夯基单句语法填空。She had to look for part-time babysitting jobs these years _ to make_ (make) a livingAfter the earthquake, the villagers t
26、ried their best to bring the village back _to_ lifeWhen Alice came _to_ life, she did not know how long she had been lying there提能一句多译。在接下来的三年，我们的学校生活将会非常具有挑战性，你要努力适应新的生活方式。In the coming three years, our school life will be challenging and you will try _to adapt to your new life_ (adapt) In the comi
27、ng three years, our school life will be challenging and you will try _to make a new life for yourself_ (life)6take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留归纳拓展take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；开始成功take on 呈现；雇用；承担take over 接收；接管；取代take up 占去；占据；开始从事take down 拿下；写下；记下层级训练夯基写出下列句中take in的含义。The farmer took in the lost travelers for the ni
28、ght_收留_Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by ill people_欺骗_Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words_理解_The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland_包括_While reading popular science books, we can ta
29、ke in more basic knowledge_吸收_提能单句写作。(全国卷书面表达)我建议你提前学习唐诗的历史，这将有助于你更好地理解将要学到的诗歌的含义。I advise you to learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which will help you better _take in_ the poems to be learned7However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thou
30、sand years ago然而，很可能至少在15 000年以前美洲土著人就生活在加利福尼亚了。It is likely that“很可能”。本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。句中likely为形容词，意为“可能的”。其近义词有possible, probable。归纳拓展否定形式副词形式常用句型likelyunlikelylikelyIt is likelythat从句sb/sth is likely to do sthpossibleimpossiblepossiblyIt is possiblethat从句It is possible for sb to do s
31、thprobableimprobableprobablyIt is probablethat从句层级训练完成句子。(四川高考)In fact, women are _less likely to have_ high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks事实上，妇女不大可能得高血压和死于心脏病。Brian is gifted in writing music; he _is_ very_likely to be_ a Beethoven布莱恩在创作乐曲方面有天赋，他有望成为另一个贝多芬。_You are very likely to_ come
32、 across large wild animals in the forest, so be careful!_It is likely that_ you will come across large wild animals, so be careful!在森林里，你很可能会遇到大型的野生动物，因此要当心！_It is probable that_ the cost will be greater than we think花费很可能比我们预想的要多。(2017浙江卷)While _it is likely that_ he understood very little of the b
33、ooks, they were his introduction to classical paintings尽管他可能对这些书理解很少，但是它们是他经典绘画的引路石。高效演练素能提升 GAO XIAO YAN LIAN SU NENG TI SHENG单句语法填空1Seeing the big crowd coming towards him, he started to run down the hill, but _slipped_(slip) and went down on his hands and knees in the melting snow2He is thought _
34、to have acted_(act) foolishlyNow he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job3 It suddenly occurred to him _that_ he had left his keys in the office4Some insects take _on_ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves5One-third of the country _is_(be) covered with trees and the maj
35、ority of the citizens _are_(be) black people6Without my glasses, I couldnt make _out_ whether that figure on the blackboard was a three or an eight7I was taken _in_ by the salesman whose products turned out to be much less effective8The world famous director, three of _whose_ movies won Oscar Awards
36、, is reported to have retired9(2018天津卷阅读)The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes _on_ me with curiosity10While he was in high school, he made up his mind to apply _for membership in the Party单句改错1The majority of the student have passed biology exam _studentstudents_2Most pe
37、ople are so busy making a living that they forgot to make the life_thea_3Hire a self-drive car really adds to the enjoyment of your holiday_HireHiring_4It is true that most of them try to acquire wealth with means of honest labor_withby_5He tended to work through his lunch hour in an effort to keep
38、it up with his work_去掉it_6In fact, I didnt realize its importance until I was elected the monitor of our class_去掉the_单句写作1当在网上购物时，我过去常常通过咨询消费排名来做出一些选择。(by means of)_When shopping online，I used to make some choices by means of consulting consumption ratings_2我读了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是我写信发表观点的原因。(why引导的表语从句)_
39、I read about your reform of the school English newspaper，and thats why Im writing to voice my opinion_3他们很可能更理解我们并给我们一些合理的建议。(likely)_It is likely that they can understand us better and give us some reasonable advice_4人们普遍认为书的影响是如此之大，以至于应鼓励人们阅读更多的书籍。(It isdonethat)_It is commonly believed that the i
40、nfluence of books is so great that people should be encouraged to read more books_5在我看来，没有证据表明他是个有资质的导师。(indicate)_As far as Im concerned，there is no evidence indicating that he is a qualified tutor_语篇填空California is _1the_ third largest state in the USA but has the largest population _2It_ is the m
41、ost multicultural state in the USA This is not _3surprising_(surprise) when you know the history of California which has attracted people from nearly every country in the world No one really _4knows_(know) when the first settlers arrived in _5what_ we now know as California Scientists believe that t
42、he Native Americans reached America _6by_ means of a land bridge In the 18th century California was ruled by Spain Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority _7were_(be) religious men In 1848, gold was discovered in California and the dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from
43、all over the world In fact, few achieved their dream, but most remained in California to make a life for _8themselves_(they) In more recent decades, California has become home to _9more_(many) people from Asia It _10is believed_(believe) that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great tha
44、t there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups话题写作假设你是李华，你们班级计划去云台山游玩，请你写信邀请朋友Tom一起游玩。内容包括：提出邀请；交通方式，集合地点、出发时间和费用安排；表达愿望。补充要点句(加黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)我们班大多数同学选择本周六去游玩云台山，我想邀请你和我们一起。_As the majority of our class elect to visit Yuntai Mountain _ this Saturday，Id like to invite you to join us我们想到
45、我们可以合作租车去那里，这显然能节省很多钱。_It occurs to us that we can team up to hire a bus to go there_ That _can apparently save us much money_我们700在校门口集合，720出发。_We will meet at our school gate at 700 and set off at 7：20 _周六早上，我们攀登茱萸峰，下午游玩红岩谷，晚上玩游戏。On Saturday morning _well climb_ Zhuyu Peak Wed like to travel throu
46、gh Red Rock Valley that afternoon and _play games at night_周日早上看完瀑布之后我们返程。_After seeing the waterfall_ on Sunday morning, well return全部花费包括公交车费，门票和住宿，因此我想确认多少学生参加。_The total cost takes in bus fares，entrance tickets and accommodation_，so I want to make sure how many students will participate如果你能告诉我你是
47、否能去我将很感激。_I would be thankful if you could tell me whether youd like to go or not_升级平淡句利用非限制性定语从句升级句_It occurs to us that we can team up to hire a bus to go there，which can apparently save us much money_衔接成美文(请利用适当的过渡衔接词汇，如：first，then，finally等)_Dear Tom，_How is it going? As the majority of our class
48、 elect to visit Yuntai Mountain this Saturday，Id like to invite you to join us It occurs to us that we can team up to hire a bus to go there, which can apparently save us much money We will meet at our school gate at 700 and set off at 720 First, on Saturday morning well climb Zhuyu Peak Then, wed l
49、ike to travel through Red Rock Valley that afternoon and play games at night Finally, after seeing the waterfall on Sunday morning, well return The total cost takes in bus fares, entrance tickets and accommodation，so I want to make sure how many students will participate I would be thankful if you could tell me whether youd like to go or not_ _Yours，_ _Li Hua_
