1、选修六Unit 3A healthy life.阅读理解A(2020河南省洛阳市尖子生第一次联考)BOXTEL, Netherlandschickens roam the orchards, cows chew the cud and pigs roll in the mud on a warm day on a Dutch farmbut the pastoral(乡村生活的)scene is not as traditional as it seems. The farm is owned and run by a cooperative of hundreds of local cons
2、umers and aims to change habits in a low-lying country engaged in an existential fight against climate change. Nearly 200 families decide what the farm will produceand they will eventually eatand employ a farmer to tend to the animals for meat and eggs and grow the dozen kinds of fruits and vegetabl
3、es. “The main aim of the members is to eat natural products, produced near to where they live, in a more sustainable (可持续的)way，” said Douwe Korting, co-leader of the Boxtel Cooperative, in the southern Netherlands. “People are really starting to see that a change toward a different way of eating is
4、essential，” he added.It costs 2,000 euros($2,200)to join the collective(集体的)farm, which is 10 minutes by bicycle from the town, and then a weekly fee of around 10 euros per person.In return, members receive the food they want and stress the importance of knowing what they eat is local and seasonal.T
5、he cooperative is known as Herenboderderij or Peoples Farming, and the guiding principle is that everything centers on the needs and riches of nature, even while they are using new technologies. Soon a robot will be used to sense when the fruit is ripe, as well as a drone(无人遥控飞机)that will survey the
6、 fields to support and reduce the needs for manpower.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一种新型农场，该农场的创立是为了改变人们的饮食习惯，使人们以一种更加可持续发展的方式生活。1. Why did the families start the farm？ B ATo reduce the cost of food.BTo improve their eating habits.CTo replace the old tradition.DTo provide more chances for exercise.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第
7、一句中的 “The farm.aims to change habits”和第三段第一句中的“The main aim of the members is to eat natural products” 可知，这些家庭创建这个农场是为了改进饮食习惯。故选B。2What will the employed farmer do？ D ADecide what to produce and eat what they grow.BWork on the farm with high pay.COwn and operate the farm in a more effective way.DFee
8、d the animals and grow fruits and vegetables.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “employ a farmer to tend to the animals for meat and eggs and grow the dozen kinds of fruits and vegetables”可知，雇用的这个农民要照顾动物，并且种植水果和蔬菜。故选D。3. What do the farm owners expect of the farm？ A AItll provide natural products.BItll be controlled
9、by new technologies.CItll cost everyone about 10 euros each month.DItll encourage people to love nature.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “The main aim of the members is to eat natural products”和倒数第二段的内容可知，农场成员希望这个农场能提供天然的产品。故选A。4. Where is this text most likely from？ D AA diary.BA guidebook.CA novel.DA newspaper.解析
10、：文章出处题。根据文章开头的 “BOXTEL，Netherlands”可知，本文应是出自新闻报道，且根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型农场，与社会生活密切相关，故选D项。B(2021浙江省十校联盟联考)It is no secret that physical activity is necessary to a persons well-being. Because children are continuously developing physically and emotionally, they are especially affected by the benefits o
11、f activity. Former First Lady Michelle Obamas Lets Move initiative reports that nearly one-third of US children are overweight or obese, and that “schools are a key setting for kids to get their 60 minutes of play with moderate activity, given the significant portion (部分) of time they spend there.”P
12、hysical education programs in schools directly benefit students physical health. Regular exercise promotes muscles and bone development. In addition to participating in physical activity, students in PE. learn the fundamentals of a healthful lifestyle, the building blocks upon which they can develop
13、 into healthy, knowledgeable adults.Though the lack of attention on PE. is often justified as an opportunity to spend more time in the classroom, studies show that physical activity contributes to improving academic performance. Regular activity during the school day is strongly associated with high
14、er concentration levels. A statewide policy in North Carolina requires that children from kindergarten to eighth grade participate in 30 minutes of physical activity each day.Activities in PE. help children develop healthful social interactions. From a young age, children learn cooperation through g
15、roup activities and form a positive sense of identity as part of a team. Such group activities are continually important as children grow older. The International Platform on Sport and Development states that sport has been used as a practical tool to engage young people in their communities through
16、 volunteering, resulting in higher levels of leadership and community engagement among young people.The benefits of PE. to a childs mental health are both complex and comprehensive. Improved physical health, academics and social interactions all contribute to good mental health. Physical activity se
17、ts the stage for a good nights sleep, provides more energy to participate in hobbies and interact with others.文章大意：这是一篇议论文。文章论述的是“体育活动对一个人的健康是必要的”。5The first paragraph implies that D .Achildren are becoming much lazier nowadaysBsome schools have forbidden physical activityCmost parents are dissatisf
18、ied with school educationDschools must pay more attention to physical education解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“It is no secret that physical activity is necessary to a persons well-being.”众所周知，体育活动对一个人的健康是必要的。可知，第一段暗示学校必须更加重视体育教育。故选D项。6Physical education is ignored in a way because C .Achildren dislike taking physi
19、cal activityBschools are worried about childrens safetyCstudents should have more time for studyDless sporting equipment is available to school children解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Though the lack of attention on PE. is often justified as an opportunity to spend more time in the classroom, studies show that phys
20、ical activity contributes to improved academic performance.”虽然缺乏对体育的关注通常被认为是在课堂上花更多时间的机会，但研究表明，体育活动有助于提高学习成绩。可知，体育在某种程度上被忽视了，因为学生应该有更多的时间学习。故选C项。7. Which is NOT a benefit of PE.classes？ A AThey assure you of a successful future.BThey keep your mind in a good state.CThey help you focus on your studie
21、s.DThey do good to your social skills.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中“Activities in PE. help children develop healthful social interactions.”和最后一段中“Improved physical health, academics and social interactions all contribute to good mental health.”可知，B、C、D三项都是体育课的益处。故选A项。8What is the authors possible attitude towards
22、 the policy in North Carolina？ B ASceptical.BFavorable.CAmbiguous.DObjective.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Physical education programs in schools directly benefit students physical health. Regular exercise promotes muscles and bone development.”学校的体育项目直接有利于学生的身体健康。有规律的运动促进肌肉和骨骼的发育。可知，作者对北卡罗来纳州的政策可能持赞成的态度。故选B项。.阅读
23、七选五(2020太原市三模)Not long ago, no one understood that infectious diseases were caused by tiny organisms that moved from person to person. Even now, although we know that tiny living microbes cause disease, how they do so is not always obvious. 1.F . They can also be transmitted through our skin through
24、 insect or animal bites. The best way to prevent infections is to block pathogens (致病菌) from entering the body.The first line of defense is to keep germs at bay by following good personal health habits. Wash your hands well. You probably wash your hands after using the bathroom, before preparing or
25、eating food, and after gardening or other dirty tasks. 2.G . Wet your hands thoroughly. Lather (产生泡沫) up with soap or cleanser, and rub it into the palms and backs of your hands and your wrists. Be sure to clean your fingertips, under your nails and between your fingers. Wash under running water. 3.
26、A .Whether you are young or young at heart, getting vaccinated (接种疫苗) is an essential part of staying healthy. 4.C such as a temporarily sore arm or low fever, they are generally safe and effective. Vaccinations are essential if you are to avoid getting sick. In general, children should receive the
27、recommended childhood vaccinations. Adults should make sure their vaccinations are up to date. When traveling abroad, check with your health care provider about additional immunizations. 5.B . Stay clear of wild animals. Many wild animals including bats, foxes and coyotes, can spread the virus to hu
28、mans by biting. Keep your pets away from wild animals, too. Dogs, cats or any other type of warm-blooded animal can pick up the virus and pass the virus along to people.A. Dry your hands and wrists thoroughlyBUse animal control to prevent infectionsCWhile vaccines may cause some common side effectsD
29、Although vaccines cannot prevent some rare diseasesEOther wild animals cannot transmit the virus and other infectionsFWe do know that most microbes enter through openings in the bodyGYou should also wash up after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。传染病是由微小的有机物引起的、可以在人与人之间传播的一种疾病。我们
30、应该采用有效的措施去阻止病毒进入人体勤洗手、接种疫苗、采用动物管理措施。解析：1本空是一个过渡句。根据空后一句“They can also be transmitted through our skin through insect or animal bites.”可知，空处讲到的应该是微生物进入人体的方式之一。故F项符合语境。2本空是一个过渡句。根据空前一句“You probably wash your hands after using the bathroom, before preparing or eating food, and after gardening or other
31、dirty tasks.”和后一句“Wet your hands thoroughly.”可知，空处讲到的应该也是需要洗手的情况。故G项符合语境。3本空是一个段尾句。根据空前两句“Be sure to clean your fingertips, under your nails and between your fingers. Wash under running water.”可知，空处讲到的是洗手流程的最后一步。所以A项符合语境。4本空是一个过渡句。分析句子结构可知，空处需要一个从句，因此C、D选项符合要求，再结合“such as a temporarily sore arm or l
32、ow fever”可知，空处讲到的应该是接种疫苗可能产生的副作用。故C项符合语境。5本空是一个中心句。综合本段内容可知，本段主要讲到的是动物管理方面的话题。所以B项适合作本段的中心句。.语法填空(2021河南省南阳市一中月考)Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese(肥胖的), according to research. A mother, 1.who has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doe
33、snt smoke and only 2.drinks (drink) wine in moderation, is significantly less likely 3.to have (have) a fat child, scientists say.And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture(养育) 4.than nature, as a mothers lifestyle appears 5.directly (direct) linked to the health of her child. When bo
34、th mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity 6.is reduced (reduce) even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children aged nine 7.to fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researc
35、hers looked at the link between overall mother health and likelihood of a child 8.being (be) obese.The mothers health was judged on her height-to-weight ratio(比例), her diet, amount of physical 9.activity (active), smoking status and how much alcohol she drank. A healthy weight and diet, regular exer
36、cise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having 10.an obese child.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了研究发现健康的体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生肥胖孩子的概率。解析：1. 考查定语从句。句意：专家称，一个体重正常、经常锻炼、饮食健康、不吸烟、适量饮酒的母亲生出肥胖孩子的可能性要小得多。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词为mother，指人，关系词在从句中作主语。故填who。2考查主谓一致和时态。句意参考上题解析。此处与has，exercises和e
37、ats等作并列谓语，时态为一般现在时，应该用第三人称单数形式。故填drinks。3考查不定式。句意参考第1题解析。be likely to do表示“可能做某事”。故填to have。4考查连词。句意：研究表明，这可能更多地与后天因素有关，而不是先天因素，因为母亲的生活方式似乎与孩子的健康直接相关。根据前面的“more”判断此处用than表示比较。故填than。5考查副词。句意参考上题解析。修饰linked用副词。故填directly。6考查时态和语态。句意：这项对24 000名儿童进行的研究发现，当母亲和孩子都遵循健康的生活方式时，肥胖的风险甚至会降低更多。描述的是客观事实，the risk
38、 of obesity与reduce之间是被动关系，应该用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is reduced。7考查介词。这项研究调查了美国近17 000名妇女所生24 000多名9到14岁的儿童的病史和生活方式。to表示“从到”。故填to。8考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员研究了母亲的整体健康状况与孩子肥胖的可能性之间的关系。此处为动名词的复合结构作介词of的宾语。其中child是逻辑主语，动名词短语being obese是逻辑谓语。故填being。9考查名词。句意：母亲的健康状况由身高体重比、饮食、运动量、吸烟情况和饮酒量等因素决定。此处的运动表示抽象意义，为不可数名词。故填activity。1
39、0考查冠词。句意：健康体重和饮食，定期锻炼，不吸烟以及适度饮酒都能降低女性生一个肥胖孩子的概率。此处泛指一个肥胖的孩子，obese以元音音素开头。故填不定冠词an。.短文改错(2021河南省南阳市一中月考)Smoking is widespread habit even among teenage students. The number of young smokers are increasing. It is estimated that over 10% of the senior high school students have tried smoking once or more
40、 and some of them even steal money from their parent to buy cigarettes, that is terrible.As it is known to all, smoking is harmful for health. And its even more harmful to teenage students for it does greatly harm not only to their health but also to their mind.Teenage students are future builders o
41、f the country. They should spend their time learn what is useful but keep a healthy lifestyle as well. So its high time that teenage smokers make up their minds to give up smoking.答案：Smoking is widespread habit even among teenage students. The number of young smokers increasing. It is estimated that
42、 over 10% of the senior high school students have tried smoking once or more and some of them even steal money from their to buy cigarettes, is terrible.As it is known to all, smoking is harmful health. And its even more harmful to teenage students for it does harm not only to their health but also
43、to their mind.Teenage students are future builders of the country. They should spend their time what is useful keep a healthy lifestyle as well. So its high time that teenage smokers up their minds to give up smoking.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文，介绍了吸烟对年轻学生的危害，不仅会伤害年轻人的健康，而且还会伤害他们的思想，呼吁年轻学生戒烟。解析：1考查不定冠词。句意：吸烟是一个甚至在
44、年轻学生中也广泛传播的习惯。表示抽烟是一个习惯，句中名词habit是单数可数名词，所以要使用不定冠词泛指一个习惯。故要在is后面加a。2考查主谓一致。句意：年轻吸烟者的数量一直在上升。名词短语the number of.意为“的数量”，其后谓语动词应该用单数形式。所以要把are改为is。3考查名词复数形式。句意：一些高中生甚至从他们父母亲那里偷钱买烟。句中their可知，后面要接可数名词复数形式，这里应该用复数形式parents。所以要把parent改为parents。4考查定语从句。句意：一些高中生甚至从他们父母亲那里偷钱买烟，这真是太糟糕了。我们不能用that引导非限定性定语从句，应该用w
45、hich指代一句话的内容，引导非限制性定语从句。所以要把that改为which。5考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，吸烟有害健康。本句是一个由as引导的非限定性定语从句，as指代后面的主句，it多余。所以要删除it。6考查固定短语。句意：众所周知，吸烟有害健康。固定搭配be harmful to意为“对有害”。所以要把for改为to。7考查形容词。句意：吸烟对年轻学生更加有害，因为它不仅极大的伤害他们的健康，还伤害了他们的思维。在英语中通常使用形容词做定语修饰名词。所以本句中用形容词形式great修饰限定名词harm。故要把greatly改为great。8考查固定句型。句意：他们应该把时间花在学习有用的知识和保持健康的生活方式上。考查了spend some time doing sth.这一固定句式结构。所有要把learn改为learning。9考查连词。句意：他们应该把时间花在学习有用的知识和保持健康的生活方式上。根据句意可知本句表示并列关系，此处用and连接两个并列谓语。所以要把but改为and。10考查虚拟语气。句意：所以是年轻人下定决心戒烟的时候了。该句应该使用虚拟语气，其结构为：It is (high) time that sb. did/should do sth.，所以要把make改为made或在make前加should。
