1、课时提能练(四十三)选修8Unit 22Environmental Protection(A).阅读理解A(2020绵阳市第一次诊断性考试)Wheat is a main source of food for people across the planet，accounting for a fifth of the calories consumed globally.But as a result of climate change，scientists believe most parts of the world where the crop is grown will be hit
2、by water shortages by the end of the century.And the US.could be among the countries worst affected，the authors of the research published in the journal Science Advances told Newsweek.If climate change isnt dealt with，by the year 2100,60 percent of areas that grow wheat will be hit by water scarcity
3、 up from the current level of 15 percent，according to the international team of scientists. Coauthors Miroslav Trnka and Song Feng told Newsweek that in their previous research，they had shown climate change may cause soil to become less moist (湿润的)across most mainland US.states，including those where
4、 wheat is grown.As a result，the US.could be “one of the top most affected wheat producers” in terms of the increase in areas affected by severe droughts，they said in a joint statement. Worryingly，existing research has predicted a 4.0 to 6.5 percent drop in global wheat production per 1 degree Celsiu
5、s of warming if climate change isnt eased.And its unlikely that wheat can be replaced if water becomes scarce，as its not as thirsty as other crops and can do without water for a relatively long period of time.“If multiple regions are affected by drought at the same time，it might be difficult to meet
6、 the demand even if the trade routes stay open and are not restricted by governmental measures，” warned Feng and Trnka.However，they said，“Studies show that if we continuously improve the sustainability and technologies in the coming decades and allow for international trade，we may overcome the negat
7、ive impacts of climate change.”【语篇解读】科学家认为由于气候变化，到本世纪末，世界上大部分种植小麦的地区将受到缺水的影响，而如果气候变化得不到缓解，全球小麦的产量将会减少。1How will climate change hurt wheat production?ABy lowering the temperature.BBy reducing the water supply.CBy polluting the soil.DBy flooding the field.B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，由于气候变化，小麦种植地将受到缺水的影响；又根据第四段可
8、知，缺水会影响小麦产量，故选B。2What can we learn from Paragraph 3?AWheat production caused droughts in most mainland US.states.BThe United States is the biggest wheat producer in the world.CThe United States will suffer a lot from climate change.DClimate change is closely watched by American scientists.C推理判断题。根据第
9、三段的内容，尤其是“the US.could beone of the top most affected wheat producers”可推知，美国将在气候变化中受到很大影响，故选C。3Why is wheat unlikely to be replaced by other crops in a drought?AIt is the primary food for most countries.BIt is not influenced by global warming.CIt is widely grown in most countries.DIt needs less wate
10、r than other crops.D细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，小麦不像其他作物那样那么需要水，在相当长的一段时间内没有水也能生存，因此小麦不太可能被其他作物取代，故选D。4In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?AHealth.BScience.CEducation.DEntertainment.B推理判断题。通读全文可知，这是一篇有关气候变化对小麦产量影响的文章，由此可推知，本文可能出现在报纸的科学版块，故选B。B(2020“四省八校”第二次教学质量检测)Fires sweeping across the Ama
11、zon rainforest this year have been a hot topic as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen the climate change crisis and threaten biodiversity(生物多样性)As the largest rainforest in the world，the Amazon rainforest is often called“the lungs of the world”It is also home to abo
12、ut 3 million species of plants and animals，and 1 million native people.The vast areas of the rainforest play an important role in the worlds ecosystem because they absorb heat instead of it being reflected back into the atmosphere.They also store carbon dioxide and produce oxygen，ensuring that less
13、carbon dioxide is released，mitigating the effects of climate change.“Any forest destroyed is a threat to biodiversity and people，” Thomas Lovejoy，an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic.“The overwhelming threat is that a lot of carbon dioxide goes into the atmosphere，”he str
14、essed.“In the midst of the global climate crisis，we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity.The Amazon rainforest must be protected，”U.N.Secretary General Antnio Guterres said.Data from the National Institute for Space Research(INPE)show that the number of forest fires
15、 in Brazil quickly increased by 82 percent from January to August this year compared to the same period last year.A total of 71,497 forest fires were registered in the country in the first eight months of 2019，up from 39,194 in the same period in 2018，INPE said.“We estimate that the forest areas in
16、the Brazilian Amazon rainforest have decreased by between 20 and 30 percent compared to the last 12 months，”Carlos Nobre，a researcher at the University of Sao Paulo，told German broadcaster Deutsche Welle.Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest，whose degradation (恶化)could have severe co
17、nsequences for global climate and rainfall.The extent of the area ruined by fires has yet to be determined，but the emergency has transcended(超出)Brazils borders，reaching Peruvian，Paraguayan and Bolivian regions.【语篇解读】科学家和环保组织担心席卷亚马逊雨林的火灾将加剧气候变化危机，威胁生物多样性。今年，位于巴西的部分亚马逊雨林火灾数量显著增加。5What does the underli
18、ned word“mitigating”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AIncreasing.BRelieving.CIgnoring.DImproving.B词义猜测题。根据第二段第三、四句可知，大片的热带雨林在世界生态系统中扮演着重要的角色，因为它们吸收热量，而不是将热量反射回大气中；此外，热带雨林还储存二氧化碳并制造氧气，以确保更少的二氧化碳被释放。由此可知，热带雨林能够减轻气候变化带来的影响。故可推知画线词的含义与“relieving”的含义相近，故选B。6What can we learn from Thomass and Antnios words?AT
19、he biodiversity makes the rainforest unique.BThe rainforest fires result in serious consequences.CThe global climate crisis brings more rainforest fires.DThe dry weather leads to the rainforest fires.B推理判断题。根据第三段中Thomas所说的话“Any forest destroyed is a threat to biodiversity and people”以及Antnio所说的话“In
20、the midst of the global climate crisis，we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity”可知，Thomas认为任何森林的破坏都是对生物多样性和人们的威胁，Antnio认为在全球气候危机的情况下，我们承担不起氧气和生物多样性的主要来源(即亚马逊雨林)被更多破坏的后果。由此可推知，两人意在表明，雨林大火导致了严重的后果。故选B。 【干扰项分析】根据上述分析可知，两人并没有强调生物多样性成就了雨林的独特性，故A项表述错误。7Why does the author
21、list the numbers in Paragraph 4?ATo prove the importance of the rainforest.BTo show the reason for forest fires.CTo explain the process of the research.DTo present the reduction in rainforest areas.D推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“the number of forest fires in Brazil quickly increased”和第三句中的“the forest areas in th
22、e Brazilian Amazon rainforest have decreased by between 20 and 30 percent”可推知，第四段列举数字是为了说明，亚马逊雨林由于森林火灾的影响，其面积减少了一些。故选D。8What does this passage mainly talk about?AThe climate change crisis is worsening.BThe forest areas are on the decline.C“The lungs of the world” is burning.DThe worlds ecosystem is
23、under attack.C主旨大意题。文章第一段为文章的总述部分，表明本年席卷亚马逊雨林的火灾将加剧气候变化危机，威胁生物多样性；第二至第五段介绍了亚马逊雨林火灾对生物多样性以及森林面积等的影响，其中第四段又突出强调亚马逊雨林火灾数量显著增加。由此可知C项符合题意。.完形填空(2020兰州市高三诊断考试)I was standing in a class of wild 14yearold girls as they threw paper and howled (大声叫喊) with laughter.They wouldnt _1_ me.I was 23 and I didnt kno
24、w what I was doing.I never wanted to _2_.I wanted to be a writer.But when I arrived in London，they were short of teachers，not writers.My efforts to teach were_3_.When the bell finally rang，I rushed to the staff room，red with anger.The other teachers werent _4_ .“Thats 4B，the worst class in school，”
25、one said.I dreaded (害怕) our next _5_ ，but I couldnt give up.I needed the job.So，I _6_ formal lessons.Instead，I brought _7_for class discussions.One of the liveliest talks was about the arguments they had with their parents.They paid attention and shared about their lives.I was _8_.So I had them writ
26、e about themselves.Most wrote about families with little money and big problems.As time went on，their essays became a_9_between us.I admired their humor，toughness and insight，and I thought they_10_my interest in their lives.The musical My Fair Lady was playing in the West End，but they had never seen
27、 a _11_stage performance.They lived just a few subway stops from the West End，but none had ever been there.I asked if theyd like to see the musical.They thought I was _12_.No teacher had ever _13_ taking them out.A few weeks later,4B and I were sitting in a_14_.They loved the music，the costumes and
28、the characters.It was the_15_of their year，and they talked about it for days.Near the end of the semester，someone knocked on the door of the staff room.The two most rebellious (叛逆的) girls in 4B were there with flowers.I was proud to know I had _16_ their lives.I enjoyed teaching and getting along wi
29、th _17_.When I returned to Australia several years later，I still wanted to be a_18_ .For the first time in my life，I stopped_19_and started writing.My first story was titled My Fair Ladies.Teaching wasnt the _20_of my writing career；it was the beginning.【语篇解读】“我”想做一名作家，但是伦敦缺的是教师，于是“我”做了一名教师。由于带了全校最差
30、的班级，开始时“我”不知所措。后来“我”改变了常规的授课方式，鼓励学生们写自己经历的故事，带她们去欣赏音乐剧。“我”的行为触动了她们的内心1A.listen toBhear aboutCcatch up withDtake care ofA根据上文可知，这些女生扔纸并大声谈笑；根据下文可知，23岁的“我”不知所措；据此可以判断，这些女生不听我讲话；A项意为“听”，故A项正确。2A.communicateBteachCdiscussDworkB根据下文可知，“我”想要当一名作家；上文提到，对这群在教室里高声谈笑的女生“我”一筹莫展，据此可以推知，“我”不打算教学，B项意为“教学”，故B项正确。3
31、A.successfulBpersistentCunforgettableDhopelessD根据下文可知，我气得脸都红了，同事告诉我说这个班是最差的班；据此可以推知，我感到努力毫无希望；D项意为“绝望的”，故D项正确。4A.embarrassedBhappyCsurprisedDworriedC根据后句可知，其中一个老师告诉我说，4B班是全校最差的班级；据此可以推知，对于这种情况，其他老师并不感到奇怪；C项意为“觉得奇怪的”，故C项正确。5A.appointmentBmeetingCtaskDperformanceB根据上文可知，班里的女生高声谈笑不听“我”讲话，据此可以推知，“我”害怕和她
32、们再次见面，B项意为“见面”，故B项正确。6A.abandonedBdesignedCtookDhatedA根据后句中的“for class discussions”可知，“我”放弃了常规教学，以班级讨论的方式取代；A项意为“放弃”，故A项正确。7A.papersBrewardsCtopicsDassistantsC根据该句中的“brought”，并结合语境可知，“我”准备了班级讨论的话题；C项意为“话题”，故C项正确。8A.fascinatedBdisappointedCpuzzledDrelaxedA根据后句可知，“我”让她们写下她们的故事；据此可以推知，“我”对她们的讨论很入迷；A项意为
33、“入迷的”，故A项正确。9A.dealBbridgeCguideDsecretB根据该句中的“between us”并结合语境可知，这些文章成了“我”和她们之间联系的桥梁；B项意为“桥梁”，故B项正确。10A.praisedBunderstoodCignoredDappreciatedD根据上文可知，“我”欣赏她们的幽默、坚强和洞察力；结合该句中的“my interest in their lives”可以推知，“我”认为她们也会感谢“我”对她们生活的关注；D项意为“感谢，感激”，故D项正确。11A.goodBfamiliarCfamousDliveD根据该句中的“but”及后一句“They
34、lived just a few subway stops from the West End.there”可知，尽管她们的住处离伦敦西区很近，但是她们没有看到过现场表演；D项意为“现场演出的”，故D项正确。12A.lyingBguessingCjokingDpromisingC根据后句中的“No teacher had ever”可知，没有老师带她们出去过；据此可以推知，当“我”问她们是否要去看现场表演时，她们认为“我”在开玩笑，故C项正确。13A.admittedBdislikedCmindedDsuggestedD根据上文中的“I asked if theyd like to see t
35、he musical”可知，“我”提议她们出去看音乐剧；结合该句中的“taking them out”可知，之前没有老师提议带她们出去，D项意为“提议”，故D项正确。14A.bookstoreBtheaterClibraryDclassroomB根据上文中的“I asked if.the musical”可知，“我”提议她们出去欣赏音乐剧；结合该句中的“4B and I were sitting in”可以推知，数周后的一天，“我”和她们坐在了一家剧院里；B项意为“剧院”，故B项正确。15A.highlightBgoalCstoryDachievementA根据该句中的“and they ta
36、lked about it for days”可知，她们谈论了几天时间；据此可以推知，这是她们一年中最精彩的一天；A项意为“最精彩的部分”，故A项正确。16A.foundBtouchedCcreatedDsavedB根据前句可知，有两位最叛逆的女生拿着花来到教员的办公室，结合上文叙述的“我”和她们欣赏音乐剧可以推知，“我”触及了她们的生活，B项意为“触及”。17A.colleaguesBparentsCteenagersDplayersC根据该句中的“and getting along with”，并结合上文叙述的“我”骄傲地得知“我”触及了她们的生活可以推知，“我”喜欢上了教学，和青少年们相
37、处融洽；C项意为“青少年”，故C项正确。18A.teacherBwriterCperformerDlistenerB根据第一段倒数第二句“I wanted to be a writer”可知，我想要当一名作家；结合后句中的“started writing”可知，“我”开始写作；据此可以推知，“我”仍然想要做一名作家，故B项正确。19A.dreamingBhesitatingCtravellingDlearningA根据该句中的“started writing”，并结合语境可知，第一次“我”不再幻想，而是真正开始写作；A项意为“想象，梦想”，故A项正确。20A.ideaBpartCendDpla
38、n C根据该句中的“it was the beginning”可知，教学是“我”写作的开始，据此可知，空处与句中的“beginning”对应，表示“终结”，故C项正确。课时提能练(四十四)选修8Unit 22Environmental Protection(B).阅读理解A(2020江西金太阳联考)Burning coal to provide energy adds planetwarming carbon dioxide, or CO2, to Earths atmosphere. As the planet heats up, experts warn that simply cutti
39、ng greenhouse gas emissions (排放) will not be enough to avoid possibly disastrous levels of global warming. CO2 must also be obliterated from the atmosphere, they say.Existing experimental machines that remove CO2 directly from the air are too costly to be widely used.But a new report from the US. Na
40、tional Academy of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine says effective carbonremoval technology already exists. It is not costly, or even complex science. Its forests.The report explains that planting trees and overseeing forests are costeffective ways to clean the air. They also work well across large
41、 areas. Forests used to cover much of the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States. In the state of West Virginia, a kind of mining known as strip mining (露天开采) left the land there bare, without trees. Now experts are working to bring back the forests that once covered much of the state.We
42、st Virginias Monongahela National Forest is home to a rare group of trees. They are called virgin (原始的) woods; they have never been touched by humans. Shane Jones, a biologist with the US. Forest Service, says the trees there were missed by mistake when the surrounding forest was cut down for wood m
43、any years ago. That mistake turned out to be a good thing; red spruce (云杉) forests such as those in the Monongahela are extremely effective at taking CO2 out of the atmosphere and locking it into the soil.Experts say, nature offers powerful tools to fight climate change.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。燃烧煤导致了大量的能引起温室效
44、应的二氧化碳排放到了大气中，仅仅是减少二氧化碳的排放并不足以避免全球气候变暖带来的灾难。现有的实验阶段的去除二氧化碳的机器又太贵，无法大面积普及使用。还好一项新的研究表明，有效又经济的去除二氧化碳的办法已经存在，那就是森林。1What does the underlined word “obliterated” mean in Paragraph 1?APrevented.BCleared.CProduced.DStored.B词义猜测题。由划线句子上一句“As the planet heats up, experts warn that simply cutting greenhouse g
45、as emissions (排放) will not be enough to avoid possibly disastrous levels of global warming.(随着地球变暖，专家警告说仅仅是减少二氧化碳的排放并不足以避免全球气候变暖带来的灾难。)”可推知，划线词所在句意为“二氧化碳必须从空气中移除”。划线单词也与下段首句“Existing experimental machines that remove CO2 directly from the air are too costly to be widely used.(现有的直接从空气中移除二氧化碳的实验机器太贵，
46、无法广泛使用。)”中的remove呼应。Prevented阻止，阻碍；Cleared移走，清除；Produced生产，制造；Stored贮藏，保存。故选B。2Whats the advantage of forests compared with the existing experimental machines?AThey release more oxygen.BThey clear more CO2.CThey save more money.DThey absorb CO2 faster.C细节理解题。由第二段中的“But a new report from the US. Nati
47、onal Academy of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine says effective carbonremoval technology already exists. It is not costly, or even complex science. Its forests.(美国国家科学、工程和医学院的一项新报告表明，有效的去除二氧化碳的技术已经存在。它花费不高，甚至不是复杂的科学。它就是森林。)”可知，与现有的实验机器相比，森林的好处是省钱。故选C。3Why does the author mention West Virginia in P
48、aragraph 3?ATo prove the place is unsuitable for human survival.BTo stress planting trees is practical for clean air.CTo indicate trees are difficult to live on such poor soil.DTo show people in the state are now living a hard life.B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The report explains that planting trees and overseein
49、g forests are costeffective ways to clean the air. They also work well across large areas.(研究显示，植树造林是划算的清理空气的方法。它们也适合大面积的使用。)”可知，本段中的举例是为证明用植树造林来清理空气是切实可行的。故选B。4What can we know about the red spruce trees?AThey can only be found in Monongahela National Forest.BThey were given the name virgin woods f
50、or beauty.CThey were cut down for wood by farmers.DThey could store carbon dioxide in the soil.D细节理解题。由第四段中的“red spruce (云杉) forests such as those in the Monongahela are extremely effective at taking CO2 out of the atmosphere and locking it into the soil(像莫农加希拉的这些云杉在吸收空气中的二氧化碳，并将它们锁在土壤内这些方面是极其有效的)”可
51、知，云杉能将二氧化碳储存在土壤中。故选D。B(2020威海模拟)A 2018 report found that food waste would increase by a third to 2.1 billion tons by 2030. Beyond the cost of the waste itself，thrownaway food generates a gas that contributes to climate change. Home delivery meal kits(盒)can reduce food waste by more than twothirds，bu
52、t suppliers need to switch to reusable packaging to make them environmentally friendly. Tailormade meal kits cut waste by providing people with precise amounts of fresh ingredients(烹饪原料)for chosen recipes，meaning leftovers are minimized.But while the delivery services score well on reducing food was
53、te，buying the same food ingredients from the supermarket almost always saves energy overall simply because meal kits use so much singleuse packaging. The good news is that if people have meals that are tailored for consumption，they wont overbuy and have less food waste. They finetune the amount of f
54、ood to what they will actually eat. Meal kits can reduce transport emissions(排放)if people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper，they may only have to visit once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people
55、 in the neighborhood.So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip. However，study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero，they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packagi
56、ng was cut by a fifth. The packaging is a killer if its singleuse and thrown away，which can make all the environmental benefits lost. But if the packaging can be reused，if its glass bottles，like in the old days，we can get some benefits.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。套餐可以减少食物浪费，但包装是个问题。家庭送餐包可以减少超过三分之二的食物浪费，但供应商需要改用可
57、重复使用的包装，使其更加环保。5What can we learn about home delivery meal kits?AThey can cut down on daily expenses.BThey will totally solve the problem of food waste.CThey can keep energy consumption to a minimum.DThey will benefit the environment with reusable packaging.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Home delivery meal kits(盒)c
58、an reduce food waste by more than twothirds(家庭送餐包可以减少三分之二的食物浪费)”可知可利用的包装对环保有益。故选D。6What does the underlined word “finetune” in Paragraph 3 mean?AAttach.BAdjust.CRaise.DCompare.B词义猜测题。第三段主要讲述量身定制餐会降低浪费。根据画线句“They finetune the amount of food to what they will actually eat.(人们可以根据将要吃多少来调整食物数量。)”可知，fine
59、tune意为“调节，调整”，故选B。7The author suggests carrying meals with a delivery truck to_.Areduce transport emissionsBsave more foodCshop only in the supermarketDshorten car trip distancesA推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Meal kits can reduce transport emissions(排放)if people go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only
60、 go and buy such goods as soap and toilet paper，they may only have to visit once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals for a lot of people in the neighborhood.So dozens of car trips might be replaced with one truck trip.”可知餐盒可以减少交通排放，运送卡车可以一次给小区很多人送餐饭，减少交通排放。故选A。8Whats the authors
61、 attitude to meal kits?ASupportive. BUnfavorable.CObjective.DIndifferent.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“However，study found that even if delivery meal kits reduced food waste to zero，they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit pac
62、kaging was cut by a fifth.”可知研究表明外卖饭盒比超市买食物会耗费更多的能源，再根据最后一句“But if the packaging can be reused，if its glass bottles，like in the old days，we can get some benefits.(但是如果这些包装能够被再利用，对我们还是会有一些益处的。)”可推出作者对饭盒的使用是客观的态度。故选C。.阅读七选五(2020济宁冲刺卷)Healthy See, Healthy DoVisit the grocery store on an empty stomach,
63、and you will probably come home with a few things you did not plan to buy. But hunger is not the only cause of additional purchases. The location of store displays (摆放) also influences our shopping choices.1The checkout area is a particular hotspot for junk food.Studies have found that the products
64、most commonly found there are sugary and salty snacks.2 A 2012 study in the Netherlands found that hospital workers were more likely to give up junk food for healthy snacks when the latter were more readily available on canteen shelves, for example. In 2014 Norwegian and Icelandic researchers also f
65、ound that replacing unhealthy foods with healthy ones in the checkout area significantly increased lastminute sales of healthier foods.3 It has been working with more than 1,000 store owners to encourage them to order and promote nutritious foods. “We know that the stores are full of cues (暗示) meant
66、 to encourage consumption，” says Tamar Adjoian, a research scientist at the department, “Making healthy foods more convenient or appealing can lead to increased sales of those products.”Adjoian and her colleagues wondered if such findings would apply to their citys crowded urban checkout areas, so t
67、hey selected three Bronx supermarkets for their own study. 4 Then they recorded purchases over six threehour periods in each store for two weeks.Of the more than 2,100 shoppers they observed, just 4 percent bought anything from the checkout area. Among those who did, however, customers in the health
68、y lines purchased nutritious foods more than twice as often as those in the standard lines.5 These findings were reported in September in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior.The potential influence may seem small, but Adjoian believes that changing more checkout lines would open customer
69、s eyes to nutritious, lowercalorie foods. Health department officials are now exploring ways to expand healthy options at checkout counters throughout New York City. AThese foods give people more energy.BThey bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often.CAnd it may make or break some healthy eating
70、habits.DThe supermarkets began to offer nutritious, lowercalorie foods.EThese findings caught the attention of New York City Department of Health.FThey replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter.GAnd a few studies have suggested that simply swapping in healthier opti
71、ons can change customer behavior.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章用几个实验向我们证明了商店里商品的摆放位置，特别是结账处附近的商品摆放会影响我们购物的选择。所以健康部门和专家都呼吁将健康食品放在这些地方，提高大家对健康食品的关注度。1C空格位于首段最后一句。空格前一句句意为：店内商品的摆放位置也会影响购物的选择。选项C中的it与上句话中的“The location”可形成指代关系，并且“make or break some healthy eating habits”与文章主题Healthy See, Healthy Do(看到的健康的，买的就是健康的)呼应。
72、故选C。2G空格位于段中。空格前句意为：结账处摆放的商品经常是糖或者咸的零食。空格后的两个举例都是强调如果购物者看到的经常是健康食品的话，他们会更多的选择健康食品。由此可推知，空格处应该是强调换一下摆放在结账处的食品的重要性。选项G中的“simply swapping in healthier options can change customer behavior(简单地将垃圾食品换成健康一点的食品能改变顾客的购物行为)”与这一语境呼应，起到承上启下的作用。故选G。3E空格位于段首。由本段中的“a research scientist at the department”可知，前边应该出现过
73、department，选项E中的“Department of Health”与之呼应。故选E。4F空格位于段中。分析文章结构，第四段和第五段主要讲述Adjoian和她同事们做的试验。空格前句意为：为了证明把健康食品放在收银处，是不是影响拥挤的市区内的顾客的购买行为，他们选择了三家超市。空格后句意为：他们连续三周每天分六次每次三小时记录购买情况。可以推知，中间一句话应该是实验的设置方式。选项F“They replaced candies and cookies with fruits and nuts near the checkout counter.(他们把收银处附近的糖和饼干换成了水果和坚
74、果。)”与这个试验的目的一致。故选F。5B空格位于段中。这一段讲述Adjoian和她同事们做的试验的结果。由空格后的“These findings”可知，前边至少有两项发现。空格前句意为：在那些在收银处买了东西的人当中，站在健康食品队列的人比站在不健康食品队列的人买了多于两倍的东西。这是一个发现，选项B中的“They bought unhealthy foods 40 percent less often.(他们买不健康食品的概率也降低了40%。)”与上一句句式接近，并且表达的是与上一句意思一致的一个发现，又与下句中的“These findings”呼应。故选B。.语法填空(2020抚顺模拟)
75、Last week, an activity called “Beijing opera entering Campus” was held in our school.In the morning, two artists，1._ acting skills were wonderful, came to our school as planned.When 2._ (reach) the room, they were given a warm welcome. After a casual chat, the artists 3._ (invite) to the hall to giv
76、e us a detailed introduction to Beijing opera.With great 4._ (expect), we listened 5._ (attentive) and learned that there are five main roles in Beijing opera, and the facial mask on each of them tells the characteristics of the role. To help us better understand Beijing opera, the artist also showe
77、d us several classic 6._ (example) of singing and acting.After the lecture, we couldnt wait to start the following training sessions. One artist showed us how to paint the facial mask on our face, and the other taught us the typical moves step 7._step. Under the 8._(patience) guidance of the artists
78、, we learned the basic skills and developed a strong interest. After several rehearsals, we were ready to stage a scene from Journey to the West.On the performing day, with excitement and nervousness, I played Sun Wukong with the lady artist. To our great delight, our performance won the applause of
79、 our schoolmates.Through this activity, Ive found Beijing opera appealing 9._ learned it must take a long and hard training 10._ (become) a good performer. I am expecting to spread Beijing opera to more audiences.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了上周在作者学校举行的一个名为“京剧走进校园”的活动过程。1whose考查定语从句。本句为定语从句修饰先行词artists，且先行词在
80、从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。2reaching考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，reach在句中作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语they构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填reaching。3were invited考查动词时态及语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且事情发生在上周应用一般过去时，主语为artists，故谓语动词用复数形式。故填were invited。4expectation(s)考查名词。句意：带着极大的期待，我们仔细聆听，了解到京剧有五个主要角色，每个角色的面具都有各自的特点。great为形容词修饰名词，故应填expectation，短语with gre
81、at expectation表示“带着极大的期待”。且expectation为可数名词，前面没有冠词修饰，故也可填复数形式。故填expectation(s)。5attentively考查副词。句意见上题。修饰动词listen应用副词，表示“专注地，仔细地”，故填attentively。6examples考查名词的数。example为可数名词，由several修饰，应用名词复数形式。故填examples。7by考查介词。根据固定短语step by step表示“一步一步地，逐步地”，故填by。8patient考查形容词。此处修饰名词guidance应用形容词，表示“耐心的指导”，故填patien
82、t。9and考查连词。句意：通过这次活动，我发现京剧很吸引人，并认识到要成为一名优秀的演员必须经过长期艰苦的训练。根据上下文语境可知上下文为承接关系，故填and。10to become考查非谓语动词。句意见上题。根据固定句式it takes sb.some time to do sth.表示“做某事花费某人多少时间”，可知应填不定式。故填to become。.短文改错(2020天水模拟)Our class organized an activity on September 26th. It turned out to be memorable and rewarding experience
83、.On September 25th we had a class meeting to discuss what we would do, at that we communicated openly and talked about our own thoughts. After a heatedly discussion, we made up our minds to go to a nursing home for the old to do something for them. On September 26th, we set out early in the morning.
84、 As soon as we got there, and we began to do some cleaning. An hour later, the rooms in the home take on a new look.Then dividing into two groups, we got down for other tasks. One group amused the elderly by present an impressive performance. The other group taught those who were interested in Engli
85、sh a few daily English express. In the course of learning, we were inspired by their longing for knowledge. Time passed unconsciously. When lunch time came, we had to say goodbye to him.答案Our class organized an activity on September 26th. It turned out to be memorable and rewarding experience.On Sep
86、tember 25th we had a class meeting to discuss what we would do, at we communicated openly and talked about our own thoughts. After a discussion, we made up our minds to go to a nursing home for the old to do something for them. On September 26th, we set out early in the morning. As soon as we got th
87、ere, we began to do some cleaning. An hour later, the rooms in the home on a new look.Then into two groups, we got down other tasks. One group amused the elderly by an impressive performance. The other group taught those who were interested in English a few daily English . In the course of learning, we were inspired by their longing for knowledge. Time passed unconsciously. When lunch time came, we had to say goodbye to .
