1、注：句内层次题：空格的答案由空格所在句子决定。句组层次题：空格的答案由与空格相距不远的一组句子决定。语篇层次题：空格的答案由整篇文章的内涵决定。命题者说研究近 3 年的全国卷完形填空试题，可以发现完形填空的设题方式大致可分为句内层次、句组层次及语篇层次三种题型。在难易程度上，句内层次题和句组层次题较容易，考生只需要结合语境理解空格所在句或相邻的几句就可以确定答案，对于考生来说相对比较容易得分。且句内层次、句组层次题考查最多，能保障考生取得基本分数，但高考是选拔性的考试，每篇完形填空总会有 23 个比较难的语篇层次题成为考生取得高分的拦路虎，对于此类填空，往往需要考生跨越段落，从全文的脉络、作者
2、的思想、意图或主人公的心理等角度进行推理、判断，才能做出正确的选择。本专题将设两课对这三种题型进行分别指导。高考怎么考Passage 1(2017全国卷)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this _41_ process and found something that has changed my _42_ at coll
3、ege for the better:I discovered ASLAmerican Sign Language(美式手语).I never felt an urge to _43_ any sign language before.My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.The _44_ languages were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my _45_ for ASL.The _46_ began
4、 during my first week at college.I watched as the ASL Club _47_ their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very _48_ of communicating without speaking _49_ me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the _50_.This newness just left me _51_ more.After that,feeli
5、ng the need to _52_ further,I decided to drop in on one of ASL Clubs meetings.I only learned how to _53_ the alphabet that day.Yet instead of being discouraged by my _54_ progress,I was excited.I then made it a point to _55_ those meetings and learn all I could.The following term,I _56_ an ASL class
6、.The professor was deaf and any talking was _57_.I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant._58_，if there had been any talking,it would have _59_ us to learn less.Now,I appreciate the silence and the _60_ way of communication it opens.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要讲述了自己学习美式手语的经历及感受。41A.searching Bplan
7、ningCnatural Dformal解析：A 根据上文中“While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life”的 关 键 词“explore”及下文的内容可知，此处指作者在大学通过学习美式手语经历了探索(searching)的过程。planning“计划制订”；natural“自然的”；formal“正式的”。42A.progress BexperienceCmajor Dopinion解析：B 根据下文的内容可知，作者发现了把自己的大学经历(experience)变得
8、更美好的东西。progress“进步”；major“专业”；opinion“意见，想法，看法”。43A.choose BreadClearn Dcreate解析：C 以前，作者从没感觉到(自己)有学习(learn)任何手语的强烈欲望。choose“选择”；create“创造”。44A.official BforeignCbody Dspoken解析：D 根据上文中的“My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends”及下文中的“languages were enough in all my interactions(交往)”可知，口语对
9、作者所有的(社会)交往来说已经足够了。spoken language“口语”符合语境。official“正式的，官方的”。45A.love BconcernCgoal Drequest解析：A 根据上下文语境可知，作者不知道自己会喜爱(leve)美式手语。concern“关心，担心，忧虑”；goal“目标”；request“要求”。46A.meeting BtripCstory Dtask解析：C 这个故事(story)始于作者上大学的第一周。meeting“会议”；trip“旅行”；task“任务”。47A.recorded BperformedCrecited Ddiscussed解析：B
10、 根据句中的关键词“watched”可知，此处指作者看到美式手语社团的成员表演(performed)。record“记录，录音”；recite“背诵”；discuss“讨论”。48A.idea BamountCdream Dreason解析：A 手部动作和无需用语言交流的想法(idea)吸引了作者。amount“数额，数量”；dream“梦想”；reason“原因，理由”。49A.disturbed BsupportedCembarrassed Dattracted解析：D 参见上题解析。attract“吸引，引起的注意”，符合语境。disturb“打扰，打搅”；support“支持”；emb
11、arrass“使尴尬，使难堪”。50A.end BpastCcourse Ddistance解析：B 根据上下文语境可知，作者看到的完全不像自己过去(past)所经历过的任何事情。end“结尾”；course“过程，课程”；distance“距离”。51A.showing BactingCsaying Dwanting解析：D 这种新事物使作者想要(接触)更多。show“展示”；act“表演，扮演”；want“想要”。52A.exercise BexploreCexpress Dexplain解析：B 根据上下文语境和第一段中的关键词“explore”可知，作者觉得自己有进一步探索(explo
12、re)美式手语的需要。exercise“锻炼，训练”；express“表达”；explain“解释”。53A.print Bwrite Csign Dcount解析：C 根据语境可知，作者那天只是学会了如何用手语来表示全部字母。print“打印，印刷”；write“写”；sign“打手语”；count“数数”。54A.slow BsteadyCnormal Dobvious解析：A 根据上文的“I only learned how to _53_ the alphabet that day”可知，作者并没有对自己缓慢的(slow)进步感到沮丧。steady“稳步的”；normal“正常的”；o
13、bvious“明显的”。55A.chair BsponsorCattend Dorganize解析：C 根据语境，尤其是上文的“made it a point to”和下文的“and learn all I could”可知，作者努力做到参加(attend)这些会议。chair“主持(会议、讨论等)”；sponsor“赞助，举办”；organize“组织”。56A.missed BpassedCgave up Dregistered for解析：D 根据下文的内容可知，作者注册参加了一个美式手语课程。miss“想念，错过”；pass“通过”；give up“放弃”；register for“注
14、册，选课”。57A.prohibited BwelcomedCignored Drepeated解析：A 根据上文的“The professor was deaf and any talking”可知，作者所参加的课程的教授是个耳聋的人，故任何谈话都是被禁止(prohibited)的。welcome“欢迎，欣然接受”；ignore“忽视”；repeat“重复”。58A.Lastly BThus CInstead DHowever解析：C 根据上下文的语境可知，作者很快意识到无声并非不愉快的，反而(Instead)，如果有任何谈话的话，会导致(caused)作者他们学习得更少。Lastly“最后
15、，终于”；Thus“因此”；However“然而”。59A.required Bcaused Callowed Dexpected解析：B 参见上题解析。require“要求”；allow“允许”；expect“期望”。60A.easy Bpopular Cquick Dnew解析：D 根据语境可知，作者现在非常喜欢这种无声以及它打开的新的(new)沟通方式。easy“容易的”；popular“受欢迎的”；quick“快速的”。Passage 2(2017全国卷)In 1973,I was teaching elementary school.Each day,27 kids_41_“The
16、Thinking Laboratory.”That was the _42_ students voted for after deciding that“Room 104”was too_43_.Freddy was an average _44_，but not an average person.He had the rare balance of fun and compassion(同情).He would_45_ the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyones _46_.Before the school year _47_
17、，I gave the kids a special _48_，T-shirts with the words“Verbs Are Your _49_”on them.I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词)may seem dull,most of the _50_ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.Through the years,Id run into former students who would provide _51_ on old classmates.I l
18、earned that Freddy did several jobs after his _52_ from high school and remained the same _53_ person I met forty years before.Once,while working overnight at a store,he let a homeless man _54_in his truck.Another time,he _55_ a friend money to buy a house.Just last year,I was _56_ a workshop when s
19、omeone knocked at the classroom door.A woman _57_ the interruption and handed me an envelope.I stopped teaching and _58_ it up.Inside were the“Verbs”shirt and a _59_ from Freddys mother.“Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving.He wanted you to have this.”I told the story to the class.As sad as it was,I c
20、ouldnt help smiling.Although Freddy was taken from us,we all _60_something from Freddy.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的学生Freddy 的性格特征，以及多年后他的生活和工作状况，并说明了作者自己从他身上学到了一些东西。41A.built BenteredCdecorated Dran解析：B 考查动词。在 1973 年，作者正在教小学。每天 27个小孩进入“思想实验室”。enter“进入”，符合语境。build“建造”；decorate“装饰”；run“管理，经营”。42A.name Brul
21、eCbrand Dplan解析：A 考查名词。根据下文的“Room 104”可知，“The Thinking Laboratory”是学生们投票选举出来的名字。name“名字”；rule“规则”；brand“品牌”；plan“计划”。故选A项。43A.small BdarkCstrange Ddull解析：D 考查形容词。Room 104这个名字被学生们选举换成The Thinking Laboratory，所以可判断出学生们认为Room 104这个名字太乏味了。dull“枯燥的，无趣的”，符合语境。故选D项。44A.scholar BstudentCcitizen Dworker解析：B 考
22、查名词。根据上文中的“I was teaching elementary school”可知，作者正在教小学，故可推知Freddy是一个普通的学生。故选B项。45A.speak BsingCquestion Dlaugh解析：D 考查动词。根据下文中的“the loudest over fun”可知，Freddy 对有趣的事情会笑得最大声。故选 D 项。46A.misfortune BdisbeliefCdishonesty Dmistake解析：A 考查名词。根据上文中的the saddest可知，Freddy对别人的不幸是感到最悲伤的。misfortune“不幸”；disbelief“不相
23、信，怀疑”；dishonesty“不诚实”；mistake“错误”。故选A项。47A.changed BapproachedCreturned Dended解析：D 考查动词。根据语境可知，此处表示在学年结束前。end“结束”，符合语境。change“改变”；approach“靠近”；return“返回”。48A.lesson BgiftCreport Dmessage解析：B 考查名词。在学年结束前，给孩子们的应是礼物。故选B项。49A.Friends BAwardsCMasters DTasks解析：A 考查名词。根据下文可知，作者认为尽管动词看起来是枯燥的，但是孩子们在一生中所做的大多数
24、趣事都将是动词。再结合选项可知，A 项符合语境。50A.simple BuniqueCfun Dclever解析：C 考查形容词。由while可知，空处与dull形成对比，故选C项。simple“简单的”；unique“独特的”；clever“聪明的”。51A.assessments BcommentsCinstructions Dupdates解析：D 考查名词。根据语境可知，很多年来，作者偶然遇到以前的学生会给他提供一些他们老同学的最新消息，所以作者才了解到Freddy的一些情况。update“最新消息”，符合语境。assessment“评估，评价”；comment“评论”；instruc
25、tion“指导，教导”。52A.graduation BretirementCseparation Dresignation解析：A 考查名词。根据空前的“did several jobs”可知，此处表示 Freddy 从高中毕业后。graduation“毕业”，符合语境，故选 A 项。retirement“退休”；separation“分离”；resignation“辞职”。53A.daring BmodestCcaring Dsmart解析：C 考查形容词。根据下文中的“he let a homeless man.a friend money to buy a house”可知，他让一个无
26、家可归的人睡在他的卡车里，还借给朋友钱去买房子，故可推知他仍然是作者四十年前遇到的那个乐于助人的人。caring“乐于助人的”，符合语境。故选C项。54A.wait BsleepCstudy Dlive解析：B 考查动词。根据上文中的“while working overnight”可知，Freddy上夜班时，让一位无家可归的人在他的卡车里睡觉。故选B项。55A.paid BchargedClent Dowed解析：C 考查动词。因为 Freddy 是一位乐于助人的人，所以是借给朋友钱买房子。lend“借出”，符合语境。pay“支付”；charge“(向)收费”；owe“欠(钱)，负(债)”。
27、56A.observing BpreparingCdesigning Dconducting解析：D 考查动词。根据下文中的“I stopped teaching”可知，作者正在举办一个研习班，这时有人敲教室的门。conduct“实施，执行”，符合语境。故选D项。observe“观察”；prepare“准备”；design“设计”。57A.regretted BavoidedCexcused Dignored解析：C 考查动词。根据下文中的“I stopped teaching”可知，作者当时正在上课，所以这位女士为打断作者讲课而请求原谅并递给作者一个信封。excuse“原谅(某人的小错)”，
28、符合语境。regret“遗憾，后悔”；avoid“避免”；ignore“忽视”。58A.opened BpackedCgave Dheld解析：A 考查动词。根据上文中的“handed me an envelope.I stopped teaching”可知，一位女士递给作者一个信封，作者停止了教学并打开它。故选 A 项。pack“打包，装箱”；give“交给”；hold“握住，抓住”。59A.picture BbillCnote Ddiary解析：C 考查名词。根据下文中的“Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving.”可知，这个信封里装着一张Freddy的妈妈写的
29、便条。故选C项。picture“图片”；bill“账单”；diary“日记”。60A.chose BtookCexpected Dborrowed解析：B 考查动词。根据上文中的“Although Freddy was taken from us”可知，尽管Freddy离开了我们，但是我们所有人都从Freddy那儿拿走了一些东西，即从Freddy的身上学到了一些东西。故选B项。Passage 3(2017全国卷)A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman.But _41_ appl
30、y.You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian _42_.Jordan Axani,28,said he and his then girlfriend,Elizabeth Gallagher,booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets in May,but their _43_ ended and he did not want her ticket to _44_.The ticket had a strict no-transfer(不可转让)_45_，
31、but since passport information was not required when _46_，any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can _47_ it.“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to _48_ a lot of joy，”said Axani.He posted his _49_ on a social networking website,and received thousands of e-mails,including thirty f
32、rom actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the _50_ passports,“More _51_，there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in _52_ their name to Elizabeth Gallagher，”Axani said.“It was absolutely out of _53_，thousands of e-mails,people around the world _54_ their stories of travel.”Axani wrote in his pos
33、t that he is not _55_ anything in return and that the woman who uses the _56_ ticket can choose to either travel with him or _57_ the ticket and travel on her own.The _58_ is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan,Prague,Paris,Bangkok and New Delhi before _59_ in
34、 Toronto on January 8.He said the _60_ woman will be announced on the website and the trip will be shared online.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。一名来自多伦多的男士与女友分手后，为了不浪费已经订好的机票，在网上征集与前女友同名的加拿大女性并免费赠送其机票。41A.benefits BdepositsCrestrictions Dexaminations解析：C 根据下文可知，他要找的这位女士必须叫 Elizabeth Gallagher，而且必须持有加拿大护照，这些都是赠送机票的限制
35、要求。benefit“益处”；deposit“订金，押金”；restriction“限制，约束”；examination“检查，考试”。42A.origin BpassportCaccent D.friend解析：B 参见上题解析。45空后的“passport information”亦是提示。43A.holiday BmarriageCdream D.relationship解析：D 根据上文的“his then girlfriend”可知，他们的男女朋友关系结束了。44A.go to waste Bcome to mindCgo on sale Dcome into effect 解析：A
36、 根据语境可知，这位男士免费赠送票是因为他不想把机票浪费了。45A.policy BorderCpayment Dschedule解析：A 机票不可转让，这是民航政策。policy“政策”；order“命令”；payment“付款，报偿”；schedule“时间表，计划表”。46A.applying BbookingCchecking Dbargaining解析：B 这张机票在预订的时候没有填护照信息。apply“申请”；book“预订”；check“检查”；bargain“讨价还价”。47A.use B.borrowCchoose D.buy解析：A 任何一个叫Elizabeth Galla
37、gher的女士都能使用此机票。48A.sacrifice BexpressCexperience Dprovide解析：C 此处指有了此机票的人可以体验到旅行的快乐。sacrifice“牺牲”；express“表达”；experience“经历，体验”；provide“提供”。49A.answer BadviceCoffer D.comment解析：C 根据下文可知，他在社交网站上发布免费提供机票的消息。offer“提供，给予”。50A.same BrightCnew D.real解析：B 根据语境可知，此处指符合条件的对的(right)护照。51A.interesting Bannoying
38、Csatisfying Dconvincing解析：A 根据语境可知，更有趣的是，几百个感兴趣的人把他们的名字改成Elizabeth Gallagher。52A.writing BgivingClending Dchanging解析：D 参见上题解析。change.to.表示“把改成”。53A.touch BquestionCdate Dcontrol解析：D 根据下文提到的有成千上万的邮件可知，此处指已经完全失控了。out of control“失控”。54A.admiring BadvertisingCsharing Ddoubting解析：C 根据语境可知，世界各地的人发邮件来与他分享他
39、们的旅游故事。55A.leaving Blooking for Closing Ddealing with解析：B 根据语境可知，他赠送机票并不期望得到什么回报。look for“寻求，期待”。56A.single BstrangeCregular Dextra解析：D 此处强调这张机票是免费额外得到的。single“单程的”；strange“奇怪的”；regular“有规律的”；extra“额外的”。57A.return BtakeCreserve Dhide解析：B 免费使用此机票的女士可以选择与他一起旅游，也可以拿走机票自己旅行。58A.interview Bprogram Ctrip Dmeeting解析：C 此旅行是从纽约市到多伦多。trip“旅游，旅行”。59A.ending Bcalling Crepeating Dstaying解析：A 此处介绍机票行程，12月21日从纽约市出发，2月8日必须返回多伦多，因此是结束于多伦多。end“结束”。60A.honored Blovely Cintelligent Dlucky解析：D 根据语境可知，能得到免费机票的女士是幸运的。honored“光荣的，尊敬的”；lovely“可爱的”；intelligent“有智慧的，聪明的”。
