1、Unit 2 The United Kingdom一、背单词与词块(一)背阅读单词会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义)1kingdom n王国2province n. 省；行政区3currency n. 货币；通货4nationwide adj. 全国性的；全国范围的5architecture n. 建筑学；建筑艺术6port n. 港口(城市)7royal adj. 王室的；皇家的；高贵的8uniform n. 制服9splendid adj. 壮丽的；辉煌的；极好的10statue n. 塑像；雕像11imaginary adj. 想象中的；假想的；虚构的12naviga
2、tion n. 导航；航行13thrill vt. 使激动；使胆战心惊14tense n. 时态(二)背重点单词写对才行1clarify vt. 澄清；阐明2accomplish vt. 完成；达到；实现3conflict n. 矛盾；冲突4unwilling adj. 不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)5countryside n. 乡下；农村6enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的；使人高兴的7possibility n. 可能(性)8plus prep. 加上；和adj. 加的；正的；零上的9quarrel n. 争吵；争论；吵架 vi. 争吵；吵架10alike adj. 相同的；类似的11
3、sightseeing n. 观光；游览12consistent adj. 一致的(三)背拓展单词用准才行1unite vi.& vt.联合；团结united adj.团结的；联合的union n联合；联盟；结合；协会2convenient adj.方便的convenience n便利；方便inconvenient adj. 不方便的3describe vt.描述；形容；描绘description n描写；描述4attract vt.吸引；引起注意attraction n吸引；吸引力；有吸引力的地方attractive adj.有吸引力的5arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理arrangem
4、ent n布置；整理；安排6delight n快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.使高兴；使欣喜delighted adj.高兴的；快乐的delightful adj.令人高兴的7collect vt.收集collection n收藏品；珍藏；收集8furniture n家具furnish vt.装修；布置furnished adj.配备好装备的；带家具的语境活用1Two days later, I was delighted to hand in all of my work on time, to my teachers delight.(delight)2Its very convenient for
5、 me to buy it for you.There is a convenience store near my home.(convenient)3He described the robbery in detail to the policeman and his description was very valuable the police caught the robber in a short time.(describe)4What attracts me most in Beijing is that there are many attractions, like the
6、 Great Wall, the Summer Palace.They are so attractive as to attract eyes from every corner of the world.(attract)5Our department will be in charge of arranging the conference.Would you please give us some suggestions on the arrangement for it? (arrange)(四)背高频单词先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1convenience n便利；方便；便利
7、的事物；便利设施背词条用法 (1)for convenience为方便起见at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候(2)It is convenient for sb.to do sth. 某人方便做某事背写作佳句For convenience, the two groups have been treated as one in this report.为了方便起见，在报告中这两个群体被视为一个群体。(2020浙江1月高考写作)If it is convenient for you, I want to invite you to participate in the Chi
8、nese Speech Contest for foreign students.如果你方便的话，我想邀请你参加为外国学生举办中文演讲比赛。2attract vt.吸引；引起注意背词条用法(1)attract ones attention/mind吸引某人的注意力attract sb.to sth. 吸引某人关注某事(2)a tourist attraction 旅游景点背写作佳句What first attracted the American girl to China was the rich Chinese culture.最先吸引这个美国女孩来到中国的是丰富的中国文化。Sichuan
9、 Province is rich in tourist attractions and enjoys many worldfamous places of interest.四川省拥有丰富的旅游景点，并享有许多世界著名的名胜古迹。3. arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理背词条用法(1)arrange sth.for sb.为某人安排某事arrange to do sth. 安排做某事arrange for sb.to do sth. 安排某人做某事arrange that . 商定；安排(2)make arrangements for 为做好安排背写作佳句Id appreciate it
10、 if you could arrange for me to attend the party.如果你能安排我参加聚会，我将不胜感激。(2018全国卷书面表达)We have arranged that the short film will be on show from 16：00 to 17：30 at our school theater tomorrow.我们已经安排好这部短片将于明天下午4点到5点半在校剧院放映。4. delight n快乐；高兴；喜悦vt.&vi.(使)高兴；(使)欣喜背词条用法 (1)delight sb.with sth.用某物使某人高兴delight in
11、 (doing) sth. 以(做)某事为乐(2)take (great) delight in 以为乐with delight 高兴地；愉快地to ones delight 令某人高兴的是(3)be delighted at/with/by 为而高兴be delighted to do sth./in doing sth. 为做某事而高兴；乐意做某事背写作佳句To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.令我高兴的是，我从数百名申请者中被挑选出来参加开幕式。(202
12、0全国卷书面表达)She is a kindhearted lady who takes delight in helping others.她是一位心地善良的女士，乐于助人。 (五)背短语词块表达出彩，需多积词块才行单元短语再认再现1consist of由组成2divide .into 把分成3leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑4make a list of 列的清单5break away (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离6take the place of 代替7refer to 谈到；说到；参考；涉及8to ones credit 为带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在名下9keep ones e
13、yes open 留心看10break down (机器)损坏；破坏11in memory of 为了纪念12at one time 曾经；一度重点短语拓展用活1consist of由组成背相关短语(1)be made up ofbe composed of 由组成(2)consist inlie in 存在于；在于(3)consist with 与一致/相符背写作佳句He has a big family consisting of ten people.他有一个由10个人组成的大家庭。Success consists in the ability to continue efforts t
14、hrough failures.成功在于在失败中继续努力的能力。2break down (机器)损坏；出故障；破坏；(谈判、计划等)失败；(关系)破裂；(身体)垮掉；(化学)分解；打破背相关短语break away (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离；摆脱break off 中断；折断 break into 闯入 break out 爆发；发生 break up 驱散；打碎；分手；结束背写作佳句She is trying to break away from the bad habit, which makes her parents happy.她正努力改掉这个坏习惯，这使她的父母很高兴。A
15、fire broke out last night, which caused a lot of damage.昨晚发生了一场火灾，造成了很大的损失。二、背佳句与佳作(一)背写作佳句多“输入”才能巧“输出”教材内句式举一反三1. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile. (“keep/make宾语宾补”结构)要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。佳句 He raised his voice to make
16、himself heard.他提高嗓门让人听见。佳句She is very popular among her students as she always tries to make them interested in her class.她很受学生的欢迎，因为她总是设法使他们对她的课感兴趣。佳句 Paul doesnt have to be made to learn. He always studies hard. 保罗不需要被强迫去学习。他总是学习努力。2. Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list
17、of the sites she wanted to see in London.(过去分词短语作状语)由于担心时间不够，张萍玉早就把她想要在伦敦参观的地点列了一个清单。佳句Attracted by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farms.这个来自伦敦的女孩被大自然的美丽所吸引，决定在农场再待两天。佳句(2020天津高考)Completed in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper
18、until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.帝国大厦建成于1931年，是1954年以前最高的摩天大楼，激发了全世界的想象力。3It looked splendid when first built！(状语从句的省略)刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！佳句 When completed, the museum will be open to the public next year. 博物馆建成后，将于明年对公众开放。佳句(2019北京高考书面表达)We had different opinions when discussing wha
19、t to put into the video. 当讨论把什么放入视频中时，我们有不同的观点。佳句When first introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great success.刚被引入市场时，这些产品就取得了巨大的成功。4It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.(It seems/seemed strange that .should do .句型) 这似乎是一件怪事：这位发
20、展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，并且在伦敦去世。佳句 It seemed strange that he should have rejected the practical suggestion put forward by us.似乎很奇怪，他竟然拒绝了我们提出的切实可行的建议。佳句It seemed strange that such a gentleman should have been so rude to a lady yesterday.奇怪的是，昨天这样一位绅士竟然对一位女士如此无礼。同主题佳句熟读成诵1. As the interaction between Chines
21、e and Western culture, more and more foreigners become interested in Chinese culture.随着中西文化的交流互动，越来越多的外国人对中国文化感兴趣。2The main stream of the Yangtze River runs through central China from west to east. It is also one of the birthplace of the Chinese civilization.长江干流自西向东横贯中国中部，也是中华文明的发源地之一。3. Thanks to
22、the tour, not only have we improved our speaking skills, but weve also got a better understanding of British culture.多亏了这次旅行，我们不仅提高了语言技能，而且也对英国文化有了更好的了解。(二)背满分作文好习作就靠“仿效”和“背诵”本辑学点投诉信(二)题目要求假定你是李华，乘飞机从北京到伦敦旅行，到达目的地取行李时发现行李箱破损，部分物品遗失。你与相关人员交涉无果，于是要向该航空公司写一封投诉信。内容主要包括：1说明个人相关信息(航线/航班：MMYZ577/时间：April 2
23、8)；2反映情况；3希望尽快得到解决。注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 背范文Dear Madam/Sir，Im a Chinese passenger who took your Flight MMYZ577 from Beijing to London on April 28. Im writing to complain for the following reasons, expecting your timely solving.My luggage suitcase was broken when I got it at the airport. And
24、some of the articles were lost, among which was a pair of precious sports shoes. Whats worse, I reported it to some of the staff on duty but there was no satisfying handling, with which Ive been so unhappy. I just cant imagine how a company with a good reputation can do such a thing! I do hope youll
25、 take it seriously and get it settled as soon as possible.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours faithfully，Li Hua学亮点1学高级表达(1)使用高级语块，如：on duty, take it seriously, as soon as possible等。(2)熟练使用高级句式，如：定语从句who took your Flight .；现在分词短语作状语expecting your timely solving；“介词关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句among which wa
26、s a pair of .和with which Ive been so unhappy；助动词do表强调I do hope youll take .等。这些表达增强了文章的表达效果，是加分的亮点所在。同时，这也彰显了考生灵活的语言驾驭能力。2学精彩结尾结尾使用Looking forward to your early reply.表达了对早日回复的期待，简洁、实用。3学过渡衔接文章准确使用了and, whats worse, but等过渡词语和过渡句Im writing to complain for the following reasons，增强了文章的连贯性和条理性。4防微点失分考生容
27、易忽略主谓一致，把“And some of the articles were lost, among which was a pair of precious sports shoes.”中的were误用成was，或把“I reported it to some of the staff on duty .”中的on duty误表达为on the duty，从而导致失分。学案(一)重点单词的查漏补缺打牢必备知识全面练练清易错微点.单词拼写1We spent the days going sightseeing (观光) and the evenings sitting in the bars
28、 drinking the local wine.2Having quarreled (吵架) with his wife about who should wash the dishes, he felt very upset.3This is a good chance to go abroad, so she is unwilling (不愿意的) to give it up.4We should settle conflicts (冲突) in a peaceful way, thus friendship comes into being.5There is a possibilit
29、y (可能性) that they will win the election.6We are much alike (类似的) in character.7What youre saying now is not consistent (一致的) with what you said last week.8The hotel staff spares no pain to ensure that our stay is as enjoyable (令人愉快的) as possible.根据语境写出加黑部分的汉语意思1(2020天津5月高考)My grandmother helped me b
30、elieve that I could accomplish whatever I put my mind to.完成2Your explanation has clarified this difficult sentence.阐明3This job doesnt pay well, but itll roughly cover your daily expenses.大约4(熟词生义)It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.信用5(熟词生义)H
31、e folded his arms over his chest.交叉6(熟词生义)The company furnished the painter with the necessary information.提供.单句语法填空1.A collection (collect) of photographs was on display in the hall.2.He has determined to settle down in the countryside.3.It is wellknown that the beauty of Guilin is beyond descripti
32、on.4.Were extremely thrilled (thrill) to hear of your success.5People working for big organizations like the police and the postal service all wear uniforms (uniform)6.United (unite) we stand, divided (divide) we fall.7The grand canal flows southwards through the four provinces (province)of Hebei, S
33、handong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.8Youre doing your job splendidly (splendid), please keep up the good work!名师点拨“一站清”(1) a collection of photographs 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。(2)in the countryside“在乡下；在乡村”，此短语中不能省略定冠词the。(3)beyond description中，beyond意为“超出”，此短语的意义为：无法描述。(4)thrill v. “使人非常激动，使人非常紧张”； thrilled adj.“激动的
34、；紧张的”；thrilling adj. “使人心情激动的”。(5)United we stand, divided we fall.意为：团结则存，分裂则亡。这是一个省略句，补充完整为：If we are united, we stand. If we are divided, we fall.重点练深化高频考点1convenience明其义 n便利；方便；便利的事物；便利设施通其用(1)单句语法填空If you are interested, please send an application email at your earliest convenience.The secretar
35、y arranged a convenient (convenience) time and place for the applicants to have an interview.(2)一句多译你方便的时候，应该多进行户外运动，它有助于你保持良好的心态。At your convenience, you should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to your keeping up a good state of mind.(convenience)When it is convenient for you，you shou
36、ld do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to your keeping up a good state of mind.(convenient)解其困(1)convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for you，而不是when you are convenient。(2)convenience表示抽象意义“方便；便利”时，为不可数名词；表示具体意义“便利的事物；便利设施”时，为可数名词。2attract明其义vt.吸引；引起注
37、意通其用(1)单句语法填空The company is starting a new campaign to attract (attract) new customers to its stores.Its a very attractive (attract) offer, which Im willing to accept.(2)句式升级For tourists like me, pandas attract me most in Chengdu.For tourists like me, pandas are Chengdus top attraction. (attraction)
38、For tourists like me, what attracts most are pandas in Chengdu.(what引导主语从句)解其困(1)当attraction表示抽象意义的“吸引， 吸引力， 诱惑力”时，是不可数名词。(2)当attraction表示具体意义的“有吸引力的人或事物”时，是可数名词。3arrange明其义 vt.筹备；安排；整理通其用(1)单句语法填空Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.The
39、 Jibo robot, arranged to ship (ship) later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant.(2)一句多译(2019北京高考书面表达)我想告诉你，我已经安排汤姆去机场接你。Id like to tell you that I have arranged for Tom to pick you up at the airport.(arrange)Id like to tell you that I have made arrangements for Tom to pick you up at
40、 the airport.(arrangement)解其困(1)表示“安排某人做某事”用arrange for sb. to do sth.而不用arrange sb. to do sth.。(2)make arrangements (for sth./for sb. to do sth.)中的arrangement常用复数形式。4delight明其义n快乐；高兴；喜悦 vt.&vi.(使)高兴；(使)欣喜通其用(1)单句语法填空Hearing the news that our team won the championship, we clapped our hands with deli
41、ght.He was very delighted at/by/with the news that he won first prize in the competition.(2)一句多译(2018全国卷书面表达)我非常高兴有机会告诉你有关中国文化和餐桌礼仪的事情。What delights me most is that I have a chance to tell you something about Chinese culture and table manners. (delight vt.)Much to my delight, I have a chance to tell
42、 you something about Chinese culture and table manners. (delight n)解其困(1)delight n：当表示“快乐，高兴”时，是不可数名词；当表示“使人高兴的东西或人”时，是可数名词。(2)delighted adj. 指“人”感到快乐，主语是人； delightful adj. 指“某样东西”让人感到快乐，主语是物。学案(二)词块、句式的活学活用强化关键能力词块的验收盘点.词块点点练选词填空in memory of， take the place of， consist of， to ones credit，refer to，
43、leave out， be consistent with， break away from1. The group broke away from the Labor Party in 1932. 2.The town was named after Mr Smith in memory of his great contributions to its development. 3The most important words in this sentence have been left out, so it doesnt make any sense.4It was foolish
44、of you to refer to your notes in such an important test. As a result, you got punished.5Gradually, green cars are going to take the place of cars which pollute the environment heavily.6.Miss Green is in charge of the class consisting of 60 students.7It is greatly to your credit that you gave back th
45、e money you had found in the hotel.8.This conclusion is consistent with the idea that healthy eating contributes a lot to our good health.名师点拨“一站清”(1) break away from“与脱离关系”；break away“脱离”。(2) in memory of“为了纪念”；in honor of“向 表示敬意”。(3)consist of“由组成”，无被动语态和进行时，类似的短语还有belong to, come into being等。(4)b
46、e consistent with“与一致”；be consistent in“在方面保持一致”。.易错对对碰辨析比较1. divide into VS separate from比较The teacher divided the whole class into four groups to discuss the topic.After the discussion, we should separate the most valuable ideas from the common ones.辨清(1)divide into指把一个整体分成几部分，也含有自然划分的意思。(2)separa
47、te from指把原来连在一起或混在一起的东西人为地分开；也可用作不及物动词，意为“分(离)开；脱离”。2in place VS in place of 比较Wed better have everything in place so that we can find it easily next time.We use gas in place of coal in cooking.辨清(1)in place：在适当的位置。(2)in place of：代替；取代。3at one time VS at a time比较At one time I used to go swimming eve
48、ry Sunday. Dont worry, lets solve one problem at a time.辨清(1)at one time：曾经；一度。(2)at a time：每次。.多义比比看一词多义(写出下列各句中break down的含义)The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. (谈判)失败You will break down if you always stay up late. (身体)垮掉We were downloading learning materials when our computer br
49、oke down. 出故障(2020天津5月高考) History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.打破句式的验收盘点(一)keep宾语宾语补足语通其用1补全句子Whats more, you must take good care of the things that can keep your heart warm.另外，一定要保存好这些东西，它们能够让你的心保持温暖
50、。Please keep your hands behind your back.请把手放在背后。2翻译句子我们应该让他们知道这里发生了什么事。We should keep them informed of what happened here.我很抱歉让你等了这么久。Im sorry to keep you waiting so long.解其困keep宾语宾语补足语，宾语可以是名词或代词，宾语补足语可以是形容词、副词、介词短语或者分词。keep 表示“保持”，本句型意思是“保持(使)为状态”。(二)It seems/seemed strange that . 通其用1补全句子 It see
51、med strange that I should be so busy this weekend. 这似乎是一件怪事：这个周末我竟然这么忙。It was a great pity that the young man should have missed such a golden opportunity.真可惜，这位年轻人竟会失去这样一个绝好的机会。2翻译句子很遗憾，我不得不取消和你在星期天书店的约会。Its a great pity that I have to cancel the appointment at the bookstore on Sunday with you.奇怪的是
52、，这个男孩竟然掌握了这么大的词汇量。It is strange that the boy should have mastered so large a vocabulary. 解其困(1)Itseems/seemedadj.that .“好像，似乎”， that从句常用虚拟语气。如果描述现在或将要发生的事情，用“shoulddo”的形式；如果描述过去发生的事情用“should have done”的形式。 (2)should常用于名词性从句中，表示“惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、理应如此”，意为“竟然，居然”。(3)it作形式主语，而真正的主语是that引导的从句。常用句式还有：It is import
53、ant/necessary/natural that .；It is a pity/shame/pleasure/surprise that .等。学案(三)高考语篇的价值发掘提升学科素养2018全国卷阅读理解B篇对接课标主题：重大政治、历史事件，文化渊源精读真题拓展语言能力(语篇中黑体词汇为主题词汇，请注意积累并揣摩其用法)1Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are
54、 easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But .Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Cana
55、da, was unmapped wilderness (荒野)But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.2Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over s
56、nowcovered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip.
57、 Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.3But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been fo
58、und. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chi
59、ef industry of Dawson City its present population is 762.,析微点厚积语言基础微积累熟词生义：mouthn口；嘴(熟义)n入海口；河口(生义)通句式句子(1)all cities dont develop slowly over a long period of time，为部分否定。not all 意为“并非所有的”。构词法unmapped词源：map n地图 v绘制的地图unmapedunmapped adj.地图上未标出的微积累witha/an n.of短语大集合：with a population of 30,000有3万的人口w
60、ith an area of 300 hectares有300公顷的面积with a history of 2,000 years有2 000年的历史with a distance of 500 kilometers有500千米的距离 微点拨动词“名”用：rush v迅速移动；急促n. 热潮理脉络内化读文规律解析真题感悟素养立意考什么怎么考真题再做24What attracted the early settlers to New York City?AIts business culture.BIts small population.CIts geographical position.D
61、Its favourable climate.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“People settle in these places . New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River.”可知，纽约市吸引早期定居者之处就是它靠近哈德逊河入海口，交通和贸易便利，所以是它的地理位置吸引了早期的定居者。故选C。25What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?ATwothirds of t
62、hem stayed there.BOne out of five people got rich.CAlmost everyone gave up.DHalf of them died.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich.”可知，在最先的两万名淘金者中，有4 000人变得富有了，即有五分之一的人变得富有了。故选B。26What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?AThey found the ci
63、ty too crowded.BThey wanted to try their luck elsewhere.CThere were unable to stand the winter.DThey were short of food.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The city was crowded . new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.”可知，人们离开道森去阿拉斯加碰运气了。故选B。27What is the text mainly about?
64、AThe rise and fall of a city.BThe gold rush in Canada.CJourneys into the wilderness.DTourism in Dawson.解析：选A主旨大意题。文章第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，并引出道森这一城市的兴起；第二段介绍了道森兴起的原因；第三段介绍了道森的衰落和现状，由此可知，文章主要讲述了加拿大城市道森的兴衰。故选A。为什么考有何价值导向解读一、发展思维品质文中第27题主要考查学生的概括性思维。本文首段一开始介绍一般城市的兴起原因在于地理位置优越，并以纽约市为例进行说明，然后话锋一转：并非所有城市都是这样，从而引出
65、本文的主要话题加拿大的道森市。道森市并没有优越的地理位置和其他的便利条件，它的兴起完全是因为当地发现了黄金。第二段主要讲道森市环境的恶劣，但是为了挖掘黄金，人们接踵而至。第三段描述人们没有兴趣定居在道森市，以及其他地方发现黄金，人们纷纷离开道森市，造成了道森市的没落。概括分析全文内容可知选A项。考生如果不具备概括性思维，“只见树木不见森林”，而掉进命题人故意设置的陷阱，则易错选。二、聚焦核心价值本文通过介绍加拿大道森市的发展变迁，旨在让考生了解城市兴衰的原因，进而培养学生的国际视野和学习历史的兴趣，激发学生奋发向上，积极投入家乡、祖国的发展建设中。每个城市乃至国家都有其发展历史，尤其是作为四大
66、文明古国之一的中国更是有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文明，这也成为高考的关注点。因此，考生应多聚焦历史变迁，多关注历史上的人物介绍、地方的兴衰以及文化的迁移和影响。借力真题发掘学习能力.单句语法填空1Roleplay is helpful in developing communication (communicate) skills.2Pleasing people may not be the path to success.3The poor area which depends on tourism (tour) is developing very quickly.4They put up
67、their tents and settled down for the night.5Weve got plenty of time; theres no need to rush (rush).补全句子1The old man intended to settle down in (定居) the country after he retired.2Not all the students (并非所有学生) are good at learning the foreign language.3China has the largest population in the world, wi
68、th a population of (有人口) about 1.4 billion.分析长难句The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come.句式解构本句是一个由and连接的并列复合句。第一个分句主句的主语是The city，谓语动词是was crowded
69、 with。第二个分句的主语是they，谓语动词是left。第二个并列分句中包含一个由when引导的时间状语从句和由as引导的比较状语从句。时间状语从句中“there were new gold discoveries in Alaska”是一个省略了that的宾语从句。句意翻译城里挤满了对定居没有兴趣的失望的人们，当他们听说阿拉斯加发现了新的金矿时，他们就像最初来时一样迅速离开了道森市。.主题语境写作巴黎是法国的首都，也是一个梦幻的城市，每年吸引世界各地大批游客来观光游玩。请根据以下要点，用英语写一篇介绍巴黎的小短文。1地理位置：法国北部；2人口：大约220万；3气候：不太热也不太冷，春季和
70、秋季最好；4基本情况：欧洲第二大城市；法国的文化、教育、商业中心；时尚与浪漫之都，很多重大活动在此举行；有悠久的历史和丰富的旅游资源，最著名的有埃菲尔铁塔(the Eiffel Tower)、凯旋门(Arc de Triomphe)和巴黎圣母院(NotreDame de Paris)等。注意：1词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文：Paris, the capital of France, is located in the north of France.It has a population of about 2.2 million.It is the second
71、largest city in Europe.As for the weather, it never gets too hot or too cold.And it is at its best during the spring and autumn months.Paris is the culture, education, and business centre of France.It is a city of fashion and romance.So many important events have been held here.Paris is a modern cit
72、y with a long history which has so many places for people to visit.The most famous are the Eiffel Tower, Are de Triomphe and NotreDame de Paris.In a word, Paris is really a great and attractive city.课下主题训练重大政治、历史事件，文化渊源一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)independence dynasty diverse population
73、 valuable origin attraction display foggy border slavery revolution witness democracy invader aggressive mountainous history multicultural treasure (二)主题词汇训练.选词填空(有两词多余)independence， display， dynasty， origin， witness， diverse， foggy， aggressive， invader， treasure1Tomorrow it will be cold, cloudy, an
74、d foggy.2This museum has many art treasures.3Our city witnesses four different seasons, plenty of sunshine and good rainfall, but in winter you may feel a little cold.4Tea is one of the most favored drinks in our life.However, the origin of tea is lost among history and tales.5The Tang Dynasty was t
75、he golden age of classical Chinese poetry.6The program deals with diverse subjects from pop music to Beijing Opera.7Peru came up with the innovative idea of an ecobank, which allows kids of all ages to gain economic independence.8The robots, which were displayed, attracted the childrens attention.单句
76、语法填空1Our country is an oriental country with a long history.2They finally freed themselves from slavery (slave)3He gave us a valuable (value) insight into the problems of education.4There are a variety of tourist attractions (attract) and historical sites in China.5He says the mountainous (mountain)
77、 region between Afghanistan and Pakistan is the most dangerous place in the world. 6China has a population of more than thirteen hundred million now.7John was an aggressive (aggression) guy, who did his job well.8After several years of struggle, the brave army finally defeated the invaders (invader)
78、.写出下列各句中加黑词的汉语意思1France borders Germany along parts of the Rhine.与接壤2The family is considering moving to Bali which is creative, innovative and multicultural.多元文化的3Democracy requires the public to make choices and decisions.民主4The computer revolution has produced many devices.革命二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解The UK
79、has a wellrespected higher education system and some of the top universities and research instructions in the world. But to those who are new to it all, sometimes it can be confusing.October is usually the busiest month in the college calendar. Universities have something called Freshers Week for th
80、eir newcomers. Its a great opportunity to make new friends, join lots of clubs and settle into university life.However, having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, the prospect (前景) of meeting lots of strangers in big halls can be nervewracking (令人焦虑不安的)Where do you start？Who s
81、hould you make friends with？Which clubs should you join?Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you worrying about starting their university social life on the right foot. So just take it all in slowly. Dont rush into anything that youll regret for the next three years.Here is
82、 some top advice from past students on how to survive Freshers Week：Learn rules. Make sure you know British social etiquette (礼节)Have a few wine glasses and snacks handy for your housemates and friends.Be kind. Sometimes cups of tea or even slices of toast can give you a head start in making friends
83、.Be sociable. The more active you are, the more likely youll be to meet new people than if youre someone who never leaves his room.Bring a doorstop. Keep your door open when youre in and that sends positive messages to your neighbors that youre friendly.So with a bit of clever planning and effort, F
84、reshers Week can give you a great start to your university life and soon youll be passing on your experience to next years new recruits.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。当你在异国他乡求学，对于刚刚步入一个全新校园的你来说，也许一切都会显得很陌生。但是你不要怕，本文将向你介绍一些在英国如何度过新生周的方法。1. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?AOctobe
85、r is generally the busiest month for universities.BIts a good idea to put a doorstop in your door.CA bit of planning can make Freshers Week easier.DThe first week of your every year at university is called Freshers Week.解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句话可判断出D项表述错误，新生入学的第一周才叫Freshers Week。 故选D。2The underlined wo
86、rd “recruits” in the last paragraph refers to .AcoursesBfreshersCneighbors Dchallenges解析：选B词义猜测题。最后一段逗号后面的意思是：新生周可以让你的大学生活有一个很棒的开端，而且你将很快把你的经验传给下一年的新生。故选B。3. We can infer from the 4th paragraph that .Athe newcomers usually miss the days living at homeBmost of the students in the UK spend three years
87、 in universitiesCmany freshers are worried about how to fit university lifeDall the new students will make new friends and join certain clubs解析：选C推理判断题。该段的第一句话说“数以千计的其他人也会和你一样担心如何正确地开始他们的大学生活”，由此可知应选C项。4. The main purpose of the passage is to .Atell the newcomers how to make a new start in universit
88、iesBintroduce something about higher education system of the UKCdiscuss something about the Freshers Week in the UKDadvise the freshmen how to behave well in the beginning解析：选A写作意图题。从文章第五段的“Here is some top advice from past students on how to survive Freshers Week”可以看出该文的写作目的是A项。其中，“Freshers Week”指的
89、就是a new start in universities。故选A。.完形填空The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish from each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems 1 .The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestat
90、ed (孕育) by 2 . In China, the mother river is the Yellow River 3 the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were 4 for several thousand years and formed their own styles. Then in the Tang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture 5 went overseas to Japan, 6 into the Japanese society and 7 the
91、Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it 8 to the same system.When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture, another famous culture was 9 on the Mesopotamian Plain (美索不达米亚平原) the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the
92、 cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are wellknown as the 10 of the European culture. 11 the Chinese culture, the European one also 12 waters. When the colonists of England 13 in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesnt
93、14 from the European one a lot.At the same time, the 15 of the language systems adds to the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic (象形文字的) languages while the Western languages are 16 based on the Latin system, for example, the one Im using to write this paper.O
94、ther factors like human race difference 17 as well. However， 18 the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom 19 until recent centuries. 20 ， they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference (干扰) from the other.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了东西方文化的起源
95、、发展和它们之间的差异。1Aabove allBon the whole Cin all Din no case解析：选B下文都是与两种不同的文化体系有关，说明这是造就文化差异总的原因，故选择on the whole。above all“首先”；in all“总共，总计”；in no case“决不”。2Amountains BplainsClakes Drivers解析：选D根据下文“.the mother river is the Yellow River .”和“.the Hindu River.”可知选D。3Aor BforCwhile Dwhen解析：选Cwhile表示对比。中国的母
96、亲河是黄河，而印度的则是印度河。4Adeveloped BimprovedCcreated Dprotected解析：选A与下文“.formed their own styles.”为承接关系，前者指的是两种文化的发展。同时与第三段第二句“This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.”相呼应。故选A。5Asuddenly BquietlyCgradually Dnaturally解析：选C文化传播应是逐渐的。故选择gradually。6Amixed B
97、changedCdecided Dforced解析：选A唐朝文化传播到日本，与日本文化融合。7Aexpanded BinterruptedCinfluenced Dshaped解析：选D中日两种文化的融合，进而形成了现在的日本文化。shape“使成为形状，塑造”，符合语境。8Acomes BbelongsCamounts Dadds解析：选B根据上句日本文化的形成可知，中日文化虽有较大差异，但仍属于同一文化体系。9Abrought up Bcarried outCgiven out Dpicked up解析：选A与上句中的“When the two mother rivers gave bir
98、th to the eastern culture .”相对应，另一种文化孕育于美索不达米亚平原。bring up“培养，孕育”，符合语境。10Aresult BsignCbase Dcontent解析：选C古希腊和古罗马文化是欧洲文化的根基(base)。11AVia BExceptCWith DLike解析：选D由下文中的also可知，西方文化的传播像中国文化一样也越过了海洋。12Aaffected BspreadCcrossed Dformed解析：选C下文举的例子说明欧洲文化也跨越了海洋。13Ajoined up Bwent upCbroke down Dsettled down解析：选
99、D英国殖民者登陆美洲定居下来。settle down“定居”，符合语境。14Acome BsufferCresult Ddiffer解析：选D从上文欧洲文明与美洲文明的渊源来看，美洲文化和欧洲文化应无很大区别。15Adifference BdevelopmentCappearance Dfeature解析：选A由下文可知，该段主要说明语言的差异。16Aproperly BpartlyCsimply Dmostly解析：选D在东方，大多数的语言属于象形语言，而大多数的西方语言都是从拉丁语系演变过来。17Alast BcountCreduce Dchange解析：选B其他一些因素诸如人种上的差异(
100、在东西方文化差异形成上)也产生了重要影响。18Ain terms of Bdue toCas to Din case of解析：选B因为东西方之间远隔千山万水，路途又颇为险峻，所以直到最近几个世纪二者才开始有交流。前半句是原因，后半句是结果。19Atransform BdisplayCcommunicate Ddistinguish解析：选C此处指两种文化的交流(communicate)。transform“改变”；display“展示”；distinguish“区分”。20AFurthermore BMeanwhileCTherefore DHowever解析：选C前面一句提到的是原因。本句提到的是结果：这两种文化都是在互不干扰的情况下按照各自的模式形成并发展。therefore“因此”，符合语境。
