1、语法填空解题技法面面观技巧一 谨记句法功能1(2017浙江6月)Sixteen years earlier,Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring _(cook)a meal.分析：to cook 此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to cook。2(2017天津卷)I was watching the clock all through the meeting,as I had a train _(catch)分析：to catch 此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。3(2016北京卷)_(order)over a week ago,the books are
2、 expected to arrive any time now.分析：Ordered或Having been ordered 句意：这些书一个多星期前就被下订单了，现在预计随时会到。order与逻辑主语the books之间为被动关系，且动作已经完成，故答案为Ordered。4(2017湖北武汉武昌区高三1月调考)Now I am looking forward to _(visit)again China!分析：visiting look forward to“盼望”，其中to是介词，其后应用动名词作宾语。5(2017湖北八校第一次联考)No one can ignore the rich
3、 culture _(date)back to ancient times changing into the modern age at a speed and scale that has never been witnessed.分析：dating 考查非谓语动词。date和句子谓语动词ignore之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词形式，且词组date back to没有被动形式，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。6(2017湖南六校联盟高三联考)Of course,_(enjoy)a nice meal with friends,whatever we eat,can also impact ou
4、r spirits.Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing happiness.分析：enjoying 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，此处为动名词短语在句中作主语。技巧二 牢记固定搭配7(2017全国卷)But unlike her school friends,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term _(rest)分析：resting spend time(in)doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，为固定用法。8(2017全国卷)But Sarah,w
5、ho has taken part in shows along with top models,wants _(prove)that she has brains as well as beauty.分析：to prove want to do sth.“想要做某事”，是固定用法。9(2016全国卷)If you find something you love doing outside of the office,youll be less likely _(bring)your work home.分析：to bring be likely to do sth.“可能做某事”。10(20
6、15全国卷)When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _(cool)the house during the hot day：at the same time,they warm up again for the night.分析：to cool be enough to do sth.“足够来做某事”。技巧三 辨清逻辑关系11(2015陕西卷)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa,Dr.Lee was very h
7、appy to see his mother _(take)good care of at home.分析：taken mother与take good care of之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词，构成see sb.done“看到某人被”。表客观事实而非正在进行的动作，故不可用being taken形式。12(2016浙江卷)To return to the problem of water pollution,Id like you to look at a study _(conduct)in Australia in 2012.分析：conducted 这里用过去分词表示被动和完成，充
8、当定语修饰前面的名词a study。13(2017天津卷)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,_(allow)more patients to be treated.分析：allowing 逗号前面为完整的句子，此处应用非谓语动词形式；The hospital与allow之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。14(2016四川卷)For 25 days,she never left her baby,not even to find something _(eat)!分析：to eat 修饰不定代词 somethi
9、ng 应用动词不定式作后置定语。短文改错设题角度类类通类型一 介词后动词形式错误1(2016全国卷)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes._分析：wearwearing by 是介词，后接动名词短语作宾语。2(2017广东七校第二次联考)I like travelling and my dream of visit Beijing,the capital city of our country,came true during the National Day holidays this year._分析：visitvi
10、siting 考查动名词。of 为介词，后接动名词作宾语。3(2017西安九校联考)Before heard his answer,she started to read him almost every single greeting card out loud until the elderly man smiled._分析：heardhearing 考查动名词。before为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，故用hear的动名词形式hearing。类型二 句型/动词搭配错误4(2015四川卷)Weve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke b
11、ars._分析：singsinging spend time(in)doing sth.花费时间做某事。5(2015浙江卷)I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view._分析：sitsitting enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事。6(2014辽宁卷)It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute shes outside._分析：understandingunderstand It is adj.to do sth.。类型三 谓语与非谓语
12、混用7(2017吉林吉大附中月考)Thought that his solution might be wrong,I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way._分析：ThoughtThinking 分析句子结构可知，Thought that his solution might be wrong 在句中作状语，think 与其逻辑主语 I 之间为主动关系，因此应用现在分词形式。故将 Thought 改为 Thinking。8(2017安徽师大附中测试)Outside the libr
13、ary,I saw a man driving around the small parking lot,try to find a parking space._分析：trytrying 考查非谓语动词。try和句子谓语saw之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。此外，try和句子主语I构成主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。9(2017长沙一模)The boy brought his guitar to the stage,worn a fashionable hat which made him seem so mysterious._分析：wornwearing 考查非谓语动词。动词wear和主语T
14、he boy之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。答题必备关键点考点一 非谓语动词中高频考点定语、宾语1(2017北京卷)Jim has retired,but he still remembers the happy time _(spend)with his students.分析：spent time 和 spend 之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。2(2017洛阳第一次统考)The 15-year-old from Oakland hasfascinated audiences in the U.S.and China with his ability _(sing)pitch-
15、perfect Mandarin(普通话)and perform the ancient Chinese art form.分析：to sing 考查非谓语动词。ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”，为固定词组搭配，故用不定式作后置定语。3(2017福建龙岩五校期中)Very often,opportunities come quietly and go by without _(notice)分析：being noticed 句意：机会常常是悄无声息地来，又默默而去。介词(without)后需用动名词作宾语；主语与notice之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用being not
16、iced。4(2017江西九江一中月考)You can spend a lot of time _(take)pictures in front of the great hotels.分析：taking 句意：你可以在大宾馆前花很长时间照相。spend.(in)后需加动名词作宾语。故填taking。1非谓语动词作定语非谓语动词类别用法 动词不定式表示将要发生的动作动名词表示用途 现在分词表示动作主动进行或者正在进行中 分词过去分词表示动作被动完成或者单纯表示已经完成We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.我们被
17、邀请参加将于下星期五在我们俱乐部举办的晚会。The lecture,starting(which was starting)at 7：00 pm.last night,was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.讲座于昨晚七点开始，随后是用望远镜观察月球。Tsinghua University,founded in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.清华大学建立于 1911 年，是许多杰出人物的摇篮。2非谓语动词作宾语(1)若非谓语动词作下列动词或
18、动词短语的宾语，则只能用动名词：suggest，risk，imagine，mind，admit，practice，allow，avoid，delay，include，deny，escape，advise，finish，miss，insist on，look forward to，feel like，get down to，object to，devote ones time to等。I avoided mentioning the subject in case he should be offended.我回避提及这个话题，以免冒犯他。(2)若非谓语动词作下列动词或动词短语的宾语，则只能用不
19、定式：decide，refuse，promise，pretend，hesitate，manage，plan，fail，choose，would like 等。(2017湖南益阳箴言中学模拟)Nervous and anxious,Jill failed to make a good impression at the job interview.紧张而焦虑，吉尔未能在面试中给人留下好印象。(3)有些动词或动词短语既可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但表示的含义不同。meanto do sth.打算做某事doing sth.意味着做某事forgetto do sth.忘记去做某事未做doin
20、g sth.忘记做过某事已做regretto do sth.遗憾要去做某事未做doing sth.后悔做过某事已做tryto do sth.尽力做某事doing sth.试着做某事go onto do sth.继续做另外一件事doing sth.继续做同一件事rememberto do sth.记着去做某事未做doing sth.记得做过某事已做cant helptodo sth.不能帮助做某事doing sth.情不自禁地做某事I regret to tell you that I cant come.我很遗憾地告诉你我不能来了。I still remember being taken to
21、 the Famen Temple and what I saw there.我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，并记得在那里我所看到的一切。考点二 非谓语动词中频考点作主语、状语、with 复合结构1(2017湖北华大联盟高三 2 月质检)At that time people used sticks _(fight)against wild beasts.分析：to fight 考查固定短语 use sth.to do sth.用某物做某事。2(2017浙江宁波九校联考)I like staying up late _(watch)TV,surfing the Internet or doing
22、something Im fond of.分析：watching 逻辑主语I与watch之间为主动关系，表示伴随状态，故填现在分词watching。3(2017贵州适应性考试)When you meet people from different cultures,it is important _(understand)what you can and cannot do.分析：to understand 考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了it is/wasadj.to do sth.的句型，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。4(2017河南百校联盟质检)_(throw)
23、waste into a river will cause the fish to die and the people who drink the water to get sick.分析：Throwing 句意为：往河里丢废弃物会导致鱼死亡，并且会让饮用这种水的人们生病。句中缺少主语，且不是具体的某一次动作，而是一般的、泛指的概念，故应用动名词形式，且因位于句首，故填Throwing。5(2017福建省普通高中毕业班质量检查)With my eyes tightly _(close),I dived in and made my way to the other end.分析：closed
24、 考查非谓语动词。此处是with的复合结构，即：with名词/代词非谓语动词，在句子中作状语。close和其逻辑主语my eyes构成动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。6(2017重庆西北狼教育联盟第一次联考)So I would like to advise you not to hurt yourself to trying to make money._分析：tryingtry 考查动词不定式。此处是动词不定式表目的，故 to 后应用动词原形 try。1不定式和动名词作主语(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或习惯性的动作，而不定式作主语则表示具体的、某一次的行为。Facing up to you
25、r problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.直面你的问题而不是逃避它们，是解决这些问题最好的方法。As the old saying goes,to see is to believe.常言道，眼见为实。(2)下列句型中常用不定式作主语。Itbe名词to do sth.It takes sb.some timeto do sth.Itbedifficult，easy，hard，important，impossible，necessary.for sb.to do
26、 sth.Itbecareless，clever，good，foolish，honest，kind，lazy，silly，stupid，wise.of sb.to do sth.It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in an hour.我们难以在一小时内完成这篇作文。(3)v-ing作主语的常用句式It is no use/good/fun doing sth.It is(a)waste of time doing sth.As is known to us,its no use complaining withou
27、t taking action.众所周知，只抱怨不采取行动没用。2非谓语动词作状语(1)非谓语动词作目的状语，要想到用不定式；(2016北京卷)To make it easier to get in touch with us,youd better keep this card at hand.为了更容易与我们取得联系，你最好随身带着这张名片。(2)非谓语动词作伴随状语，要想到用现在分词；The students rushed out of the classroom,laughing and talking.学生们又说又笑地冲出教室。(3)非谓语动词作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果要想到用不
28、定式，表示必然的结果要想到用现在分词；He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.(表出乎意料的结果)他匆匆赶到车站结果却发现火车已经离开了。More highways have been built in China,making it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.中国又建了更多高速公路，这使人们从一处到另一处的出行变得更容易了。陕西(表结果)(4)非谓语动词作原因状语，表示“喜怒哀乐”的形容词后要想到用不定式；非谓语动词
29、作时间状语、条件状语和“喜怒哀乐”外的其他原因状语要想到用分词。I am only too glad to see everything settled.看到一切问题都解决了，我很高兴。Being tired,he went to bed early.因为很累，他很早就睡了。Seeing the police,the thieves ran away.看到警察，小偷就跑了。特别提醒 源于系表结构的部分过去分词作状语，表示句子主语所处的一种状态，常见的有：seated(坐着的)，devoted(专注的)，lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着)等。Absorbed
30、 in his book,he didnt notice me enter the room.他专注读书，没注意到我进入房间。3with复合结构中补足语的比较：withsb./sth.doing表主动、进行sth.done表被动、完成sth.to do表将来With so many people looking at him,he felt very nervous.那么多人看着他，他感到很紧张。With the problem solved,the quality has been improved.问题解决了，质量也提高了。考点三 非谓语动词低频考点作表语、补语1(2017湖北武汉武昌高三
31、 1 月调考)If there is no aim in our lives,we will get lose._分析：loselost get 这里起一个系动词的作用，相当于become，后接过去分词，表状态，get lost 意为“失踪的，迷路的”。2(2017湖北武汉高三2月调考)Last Sunday was my birthday,so I invited some guys go out with me for a celebration._分析：go 前加 to 动词 invite 后应用不定式作宾语补足语，即invite sb.to do sth.。3(2017河南八市重点高中
32、二次质检)I felt hopeless and alone,and more _(depress)than I knew was possible.分析：depressed 句意：我感到绝望、孤独及前所未有过的沮丧。设空处作felt的表语，主语为表示人的词，故填depressed。4(2017河南八市重点高中质检)Researchers have found out that some female sharks may have got themselves _(lose)during the Ice Age.分析：lost 研究者们发现一些雌性鲨鱼可能是在冰川期迷路的。本句考查非谓语动词
33、作宾补。宾语themselves与lose为被动关系且设空处表示完成，故填lost。5(2017山西实验中学3月联考)I once found my cell phone _(miss)during my stay in the city.分析：missing 句意：有一次我在那个城市停留期间，我发现我的手机丢失了。missing意为：丢失的。6(2017辽宁葫芦岛六校协作体考试)Food is the fuel that helps keep the machine _(run)分析：running 句意：食物就是帮助使这台机器运转的燃料。keep.doing为固定短语，意为：使一直做某事。
34、1非谓语动词作表语不定式、动名词都可作表语，但动名词作表语多指抽象的、概念性的动作，可以是多次的、经常性的行为；不定式作表语多表示具体的动作，尤其是某一次的动作。His favorite sport is swimming.他最喜欢的运动是游泳。(泛指游泳)Your task today is to wash the curtains.你今天的任务是洗窗帘。(指一次具体的工作)2非谓语动词作补足语(1)常接不定式作宾补的动词或动词短语有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，encourage，expect，forbid，force，intend(意欲)，invite，orde
35、r，persuade，prefer，require，teach，remind，tell，want，warn，wish，wait for，call on(号召；要求)，depend on等。If we expect people to give up the habit of driving,we must give them an alternative they can rely on.如果我们期望人们放弃开车的习惯，我们必须给他们可以依赖的选择。山东2014The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat.医生警告他不要吃太多的肉。(2)使役动词
36、 have，let，make 等后面可接不带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语；I like the film because it can make me laugh.我喜欢这部电影，因为它能让我笑。(3)感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，notice，look at，hear，listen to，feel 等，后面可接省去 to 的不定式和动词-ing 形式作其宾语补足语，动词不定式表示动作的全过程，动词-ing 形式表示动作正在进行；Listen!Do you hear someone calling for help?听！你听到有人正在呼喊救命吗？(4)have，kee
37、p，leave，find，catch，send 等动词后可接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语；She kept me waiting for over 20 minutes.她让我等二十多分钟。(5)过去分词作宾语补足语want，like，wish，order，have，make，get，keep，leave，see，hear，find，feel，notice，observe，watch等动词后还可接过去分词作宾语补足语。Jenny hopes that Mr.Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in
38、 a short period.珍妮希望史密斯先生会建议一个好的方法以使她的英语写作在短期内得到提升。福建课堂巩固训练.单句语法填空1(2017江西红色七校一联)It is _(shock)that some investment banks even judge candidates by whether they wear brown shoes.分析：shocking 句意：令人震惊的是：一些投资银行甚至根据他们是否穿棕色鞋子来判断应聘者。shocking令人震惊的；shocked感到震惊的。2(2017辽宁铁岭协作体一联)Above all,I have come to underst
39、and that _(bring)happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness.分析：bringing 句意：首先，我开始明白了授人玫瑰手有余香的道理。在宾语从句中设空处作主语，且表示抽象概念，故用动名词作主语。3(2017山西长治二中等五校一联)With a _(puzzle)look on my face,I pointed to myself and said.“Me？”分析：puzzled 句意：脸上带着疑惑的表情，我指着自己说：“我吗？”a puzzled look疑惑的表情；a puzzling look令人疑惑的表情。4(2
40、017辽宁葫芦岛六校协作体考试)Think about the human body as an _(amaze)machine.分析：amazing 句意：把人的身体看作是一台神奇的机器。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。amazing令人惊奇的；amazed感到惊奇的。5(2017湖北襄阳一次调研)Some day you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation _(involve)people from other countries.分析：involving 句意：某一天，在有外国人在场的情况下，你可能成为一名演讲者或者成为一名
41、听众。根据句子结构可推知设空处作定语。名词situation与involve为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作定语，因此填involving。6(2017天津临沂一模)“Dont travel during the holidays”is one golden rule _(follow)by some friends for years,especially during the Spring Festival as the traffic is heavy.分析：followed 句意：“不要在假期旅游”是一些朋友几年来一直遵循的黄金法则，尤其是在春节期间，因为交通很拥堵。by短语提示被修
42、饰词rule与follow之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。7(2017江西九江一中月考)There are always lots of people in the street,and there is always something _(see)or do.分析：to see 句意：大街上总是有很多人，总有一些事可看或者可做。There is something to do为固定句型，其中不定式to do作something的定语。8(2017湖北荆门调研)We didnt speak to each other after that,and I didnt get clos
43、e to anyone for fear of _(hurt)again.分析：being hurt 句意：那次之后我们彼此没有说过话，我不再和任何人靠近，因为害怕再次被伤害。设空处作介词 of 的宾语，故用动名词形式；设空处表达被动意思，故填 being hurt。9(2017山西重点中学协作体一模)With all the porridge _(eat)up,he picked out a shoe and boiled it to eat.分析：eaten 句意：将粥全部喝光，他挑出了一只鞋将其煮了吃。With后的宾语porridge与eat为逻辑上的被动关系，且设空处表示完成，故在设空
44、处填eaten。10(2017福建龙岩3月质检)It is in the coldest part of winter,with the wind _(howl)outside.分析：howling 句意：那是在冬季最冷的那段时间，风在屋外呼啸着。with后的宾语wind与宾补howl为逻辑上的主动关系，且设空处表示正在进行，故填howling。11(2017山东烟台期中)_(judge)from the name,it is easy to guess that players can only join if they are fat.分析：Judging 句意：从名称判断，很容易猜出如果
45、选手肥胖，他们只可报名参加。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。“Judging from/by.”为独立成分，是一种固定用法，故填Judging。12 (2017 河 北 石 家 庄 二 中 联 考)I want this precious opportunity very much _(improve)my organizational ability.分析：to improve 句意：我非常想要这个宝贵的机会来提高我的组织能力。设空处应填不定式表目的，故填 to improve。13(2017河南豫南九校质量考评V)Finally I refused to attend classes,_(shu
46、t)myself in my room for hours.分析：shutting 句意：最后，我拒绝上课，把自己关在房间几个小时。refused和shut间没有并列连词，故可判断设空处应为非谓语动词作状语。主语“I”与shut间为逻辑上的主动关系，且shut与refused同时发生，故设空处表示伴随，故填shutting。注意：shut的现在分词形式需要双写“t”。14(2017河南天一大联考)When _(ask)if she ever gets tired of green,Elizabeth Sweetheart said,“Oh no,never.It keeps getting b
47、etter every day.”分析：asked 句意：当被问及她是否讨厌绿色时，Elizabeth Sweetheart 说：“噢，不讨厌，永远不会。它每天都变得越来越美好。”主语与 ask 之间为逻辑上的被动关系，且设空处表示已经完成，故填 asked。15(2017河北唐山一次调研)Whats worse,his wife abandoned him,_(leave)him alone with his six-year-old younger son.分析：leaving 句意：更糟糕的是，他的妻子离他而去，留下他自己和 6 岁的小儿子。设空处作结果状语；主语 his wife 与
48、leave为逻辑上的主动关系，故填 leaving。.单句改错1(2017云南八校区调研)Enjoyed the beauty of nature,we should try our best to protect it._分析：Enjoyed 改为 Enjoying 考查非谓语动词。主语 we 和enjoy 之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词。2(2017重庆南开中学月考)The Chinese restaurant naming New Panda Buffet provides genuine Chinese food,which many diners have given 5-star
49、 reviews._分析：namingnamed restaurant 与 name 之间为被动关系，因此应用过去分词作后置定语。故将 naming 改为 named。3(2017南昌十校二模)68%of the students surveying have studying anxiety as well as poor eyesight._分析：surveyingsurveyed 非谓语动词错误。本句中的谓语动词是have，故students后应是分词作后置定语，survey与所修饰的students构成逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词。4(2017河南八市重点高中质检)There is
50、 a grown tendency nowadays for some people to treat animals as living meat and walking fur._分析：growngrowing 根据is可知，此处表示“正在增长的趋势”，而不是已经增长的趋势，所以用现在分词growing作定语表示进行。故将grown改为growing。5(2017河南豫南九校质量考评V)In addition,attracting by interesting topics,you are free to get involved in the weekly discussion._分析：
51、attractingattracted 句意：此外，由于被有趣的话题所吸引，你可以自由地参与这项每周一次的讨论。本句考查非谓语动词作状语。attract与逻辑主语you之间为被动关系，故将attracting改为attracted。6(2017湖北荆门调研考试)When I was in Grade 5,I met a teacher who made me remembered her forever._分析：rememberedremember 句意：在我上五年级时，我遇到了一位老师。她使我永生难忘。宾语me与remember间为逻辑上的主动关系；使役动词make后的宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主
52、动关系时，要用不带to的不定式作宾补，故将remembered改为remember。7(2017江西九江十校二联)After school,I went back home on time to help my parents do some housework while enjoy some light music._分析：enjoyenjoying 句意：放学后，我按时回家，一边听着轻音乐一边帮我父母做家务。while后没有主语，故可判断while后省略了“主语be”，需用非谓语动词作状语。主语I与enjoy为逻辑上的主动关系，故将enjoy改为enjoying。8(2017山东临沂一模
53、)You can make more friends from different parts of the country by serve them when working there._分析：serveserving 句意：当你在那里工作时，你可以通过为他们服务结交更多来自那个国家不同地区的朋友。介词by后需加动名词作宾语，故将serve改为serving。9(2017福建龙岩3月质检)Nowadays there are some students use cell phones to copy teachers lecture notes._分析：useusing 句意：现在有一些学生用手机来拷贝老师的讲义。本句中需用use的非谓语动词形式作students的定语。students与use为逻辑上的主动关系，故将use改为using。10(2017河南天一大联考)Dressing in black,he was playing with a smartphone while eating._分析：DressingDressed 句意：穿着一身黑衣服，他边吃边玩智能手机。本句考查非谓语动词作状语。主语he与dress(给穿衣服)为逻辑上的被动关系，且dressed表示状态，故将Dressing改为Dressed。
