1、反义疑问句之“大观园”厦大附中高三英语一轮复习语法系列讲座（八）综述：疑问句的类型分类：四大类 一般疑问句-Do you like black?-Yes,I do./No,I dont 特殊疑问句-Whats your favourite fruit?-I like pears.选择疑问句-Which one do you like,the banana or the orange?-I like the orange.反义疑问句（即附加疑问句）(本节课重点)反意问句考点分析六大点：1、祈使句的反意问句；2、简单句的反义疑问句；3、主从复合句的反意问句；4、I think+宾语从句的反意问句；
2、5、情态动词构成的反意疑问句6、几种特殊规则反义疑问句定义：在陈述句之后附加上一个简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问，这种疑问句叫做反意疑问句。基本构成形式：1：陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定形式 They work hard,dont they?She was ill yesterday,wasnt she?2：陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式You didnt go,did you?He cant ride a bike,can he?注意事项：1.在朗读时，反意疑问句的前部分用降调，后部分在表疑问时用升调，在表强调时用降调。Hes an engineer,isnt he?Its a
3、 fine day today,isnt it?2.附加问句如果是否定式，一般应用缩略形式 We need to practise speaking English more often,dont we?He ought to know what to do,oughtnt he?3.对反意疑问句的回答，肯定或否定要前后保持一致，即前面用“yes”，后面必须是肯定；前面用“no”，后面必须是否定。-She isnt a student,is she?-No,she isnt./Yes,she is.4.在回答前否定（陈述句）+后肯定（简略问句）的反意疑问句时，答语中“yes”和“no”的翻译恰
4、好与汉语相反，-He isnt a pianist,is he?他不是钢琴家，是吗？-Yes,he is.(No,he isnt.)不，他是钢琴家。（对，他不是钢琴家。）5.反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。He has has suppersupper at home every day,doesntdoesnt he he?They have knownhave known the matter,havent havent theythey?6.反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。They willwill go go to town soon
5、,wontwont they they?He worksworks very hard,doesntdoesnt he he?7.反意疑问句中问句部分主语一般和陈述部分的主语一致，但有例外现象，注意逐一观察。反意疑问句的解答步骤Jack wasnt playing soccer,_ _?Their parents have gone to London,_?I have never been to the park,_ _？You have a good friend,_ _?We had a meeting,_ _?was hehavent theyhave Ididnt wedont yo
6、u1.1.判定判定（判断该用肯定还是否定）；（判断该用肯定还是否定）；2.2.找动找动（确定句子的助动词类型或情态动词：（确定句子的助动词类型或情态动词：bebe、dodo和完成和完成havehave的适当形式以及情态动词的形式）；的适当形式以及情态动词的形式）；3.3.换代换代（将主语换为代词）；（将主语换为代词）；1.含有be动词（is,are,was,were）的句型：现在：主语+is(are),isnt(arent)+主语？过去：主语+was(were),wasnt(werent)+主语？You are not students,_?The students are going to
7、have a picnic,_?The Greens werent at home last night,_?are youarent theywere they简单句的反义疑问句2.一般动词(play,study,watch 等)句型：现在 主语+play/plays,dont(doesnt)+主语？过去 主语+played,didnt+主语？Your mother likes cooking,doesnt she?The plane took off an hour ago,didnt it?You have a good time,dont you?3.情态动词(can,will)的反意
8、疑问句主语+can/will,cant/wont+主语？Tom can swim very well,_?Your parents cant swim,_?All of your friends will come to your party,_?can theycant hewont they4.完成时的反意疑问句主语+have/has+过去分词,havent(hasnt)+主语？He has been to America,?Marry hasnt lived in the countryside,?You havent been to Shanghai,?hasnt hehas sheh
9、ave you5.当陈述句部分有hardly,seldom,few,little,no,no one,nothing,nobody,never,nowhere,nor,neithernor,tooto等否定词或半否定词时,反意疑问句部分要用肯定形式。It is impossible for him to make such a mistake,isnt it?Tom dislikes swimming,doesnt he?His sister seldom argues with people,does she?She could nowhere find his wallet,could h
10、e?He is neither a teacher nor a worker,is he?No one here can dance,can they/he?但:当陈述部分含有由 un,in,im,il,ir 等否定前缀构成的 派生词时，虽意思是“不”，但疑问部分仍要用否定式。6、当陈述部分的谓语动词是have时，有两种情况:（1）have作“有”解时，反意疑问句部分可用have或do的适当相应形式呼应。His brother has a new bike,_he?（2）have用作其它意义的实义动词（吃、患-病、举行 等）时，反意疑问句部分只可用do的适当相应形式呼应。You have lu
11、nch at school,_?Our school had a sports meet last month,_?You had a cold yesterday,_?dont youhasntdoesntdidnt itdidnt you7.陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或 主语从句时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。Where to hold the meeting has not been decided,_?Learning how to repair motors takes a long time,_?That he didnt pass the entrance exa
12、m made his parents veryangry,_?has itdoesnt itdidnt it8.并列句的反意疑问句其疑问部分一般与最接近的分句的谓语保持一致We must start at once or we cant go there on time,He is a teacher but his wife isnt a teacher,can we?is she?9.There be 句型的反意疑问句There are 60 students in our class,_?There was nothing in the fridge,_?There will be a
13、paper factory near my home in about 2 years,_?was therewont therearent thereThere is/are/will be,isnt/arent/wont there？10.感叹句的反意疑问句一律使用否定式What a foolish child(he is),isnt he?What beautiful clothes(they are),arent they?11.口语中，为加强语气，表惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答，这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的Oh,he is a writer,_?Youll
14、not go,_?is hewont you1、当陈述句部分有情态动词must时，反意疑问部分有三种情况1）must表示“禁止”时即mustnt，反意疑问部分要must。You mustnt stop your car here,2）must表示“有必要”时，反意疑问句部分要neednt。They must finish the work today,3）当must用来表示“推测”时，意为“一定、必定”对现在的情况进行“推测”时，反意疑问句部分要用“isnt/arent/dont/doesnt+主语”He must be good at maths,must you?neednt they/d
15、ont they?isnt he?情态动词构成的反意疑问句对过去的情况进行“推测”(must+have done)时,若陈述部分有表过去的时间状语，反意疑问句部分要用“wasnt/werent/didnt+主语”；若陈述部分没有表过去的时间状语，反义疑问部分则用“havent/hasnt+主语”She must have read the novel last week,You must have told her about it,didnt she?havent you?对正在发生的动作进行“推测”（must be doing）时，疑问部分用isnt/arent+主语Tom must be
16、 cleaning his room now,isnt he?2、带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 dare(need)+主语。We need not do it again,He dare not say so,注意：当dare,need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do/does/did+主语。She doesnt dare to go home alone,need we?dare he?does she?3.当陈述部分的主谓语是 I wish 时，附加部分用may I。注意前后两部分用肯定形式。I wish to fly to the moon,may I?4、
17、请注意以下情态动词的句子的反义疑问句陈述部分反义疑问部分ought to ought/shouldnthad better hadntwould rather wouldntwould like to wouldntused to usednt/didnthave/has/had to dont/doesnt/didntYoud better finish your homework now,_ You would rather stay at home sleeping than go to the movies,_ We have to work from 8:00 a.m.to 5:30
18、p.m,_The old man used to smoke,_ Youd like to go climbing,_ He ought to know the fact,_hadn t you?wouldt you?don t we?didnt/usednt he?wouldnt you?oughtnt/shouldnt you?祈使句的反意问句1.Lets与let us的反意疑问句Lets have a rest,_?(包括听话者)Let us have a rest,_?(不包括听话者)shall wewill you2.祈使句的肯定形式，其反意问句表示“请求”时，通常用will you
19、；表示“邀请、劝说、提醒注意”时,用wont you。Be sure to write to us,will you?Come to have dinner with us this evening,wont you?Mike,you take all these tables out of the next room,will you?Dont wait for me,will you?注意：let me/him后面的呼应形式也用will you主从复合句的反意问句1.陈述句部分是主从复合句时,反意疑问句部分的代词和助动词应与主句中的主语和动词保持一致。She says that I did
20、 it,_?I told them not everybody could do it,_?This is the second time that he has been to Japan,_？He isnt the man who gave the secret away to me,_?It has been reported that the fire was caused by a careless worker,_?You neednt do that when your maid is here,?When the car crashed,your brother escaped
21、 being hurt,?doesnt shedidnt Iisnt itis hehasnt itneed youneed youdidnt heis heneed youneed you2.以下几个句型，附加疑问部分统统与主句呼应This/It is the first/second-time that-clause,isnt it?It will be+时间段 before-clause,wont it?It is(high/about)time that-clause,isnt it?It is/has been+时间段 since-clause,isnt/hasnt it?It wa
22、s+时间点+when-clause,wasnt it?She says that I did it,_?I told them not everybody could do it,_?This is the second time that he has been to Japan,_？He isnt the man who gave the secret away to me,_?It has been reported that the fire was caused by a careless worker,_?You neednt do that when your maid is h
23、ere,_?When the car crashed,your brother escaped being hurt,_?doesnt shedidnt Iisnt itis hehasnt itneed youneed youneed youneed youIt was Mary and her husband who sent the old man to the hospital,wasnt?It must have been one day in September that I met him,wasnt itIt was not until yesterday that I kne
24、w the fact,was it?3.强调句型的反义疑问部分用be动词适当形式+it 呼应I think+宾语从句的反意问句当陈述部分的主语是I/we，谓语是think、believe、suppose、imagine、guess、expect、fancy、suspect等这类动词后接宾语从句时，附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。若陈述部分有注意否定转移，反义疑问部分用肯定形式I suppose you are not serious,?I expect you will have a good time there,?I dont believe he has fini
25、shed,?are youwont youhas he但：反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+think(believe,suppose-)+that从句时，反义疑问部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句主句动词和主语保持一致。TheyThey all think think that English is very important,_?(不用isnt it?)HeHe didnt thinkdidnt think that the news was true,_?(不用wasnt/was it?)dont theydont theydid hePractice:I think he will
26、 be back in an hour,_?I dont suppose he cares,_?Mary thinks that you will attend the party,_?Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now,_?John knows much about the movie.I think he must have seen it,_?wont he?does hedoesnt sheshouldnt hehasnt he特殊情况的反义疑问句1.当陈述句部分是I
27、 am时,反意疑问句部分通常要用arent I；如陈述句部分的主语是I am not时,反意疑问句部分通常要用am I.Im late for the meeting,arent I?Im not doing well,am I?2.陈述部分的主语是 everything,nothing,anything 或something时，附加部分的主语应用itEverything seems all right now,_?Nothing is kept in good order,_?doesnt itisnt it3、当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that或these,those时，附加疑问
28、句中的主语分别用it和they。This is important,_?That isnt correct,_?These are your friends Tom and Jack,_?isnt itis itarent they4 陈述部分的主语是陈述部分的主语是everybody,anyone,somebody,no one,everybody,anyone,somebody,no one,none,neithernone,neither 时，附加部分的主语用时，附加部分的主语用he/theyhe/they;陈述句的主语如果是one，则附加疑问句的主语应当用one或heEveryoneE
29、veryone is here,is here,arent theyarent they/isnt he/isnt he?Neither Neither side could win,side could win,could theycould they?No oneNo one knows about it,knows about it,do theydo they/does he/does he?One cant be too careful,can one/can he?Assignment1.Remember the rules of disjunctive questions2.2.Preview INVERSION on page 135.
