1、山东省济南市莱芜一中2021届高三英语第一次考试试题（含解析）本试卷共11页。总分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项：考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的级部、班级、姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用0.5mm中性笔将答案写在答题卡对应题目的规定区域。答在答题卡的规定区域之外或本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后只需将答题卡交回。第I 卷第一部分 听力（共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个
2、小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标注在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man always do on Saturday?A. See a film.B. Have a class.C. Review his notes.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: How about seeing the new film at the theater tomorrow?M: Sorry. I have a GRE class every Frid
3、ay, and the next day I always have to look over my notes at home.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】How does the woman deal with difficult lectures?A. By recording them.B. By talking with lecturers.C. By attending them again.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Hey, Katherine. Do you know any special ways to listen to lectures better
4、?W: Well, I like to take notes. But if the topic is difficult, I often record the whole thing. That way, I can listen to the lecture all over again and take really good notes.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where will the man fetch his notebook?A. In the library.B. In the classroom.C. In the teachers office.【答
5、案】C【解析】【原文】W: Hi, Thomas. This is Katie. I found your notebook in the library. Please come to get it back in the classroom. Or I just leave it in the teachers office in Room 201, if you dont have time now.M: Oh. Thats great, Katie! I have been looking for it all day long. Ill go to get it tomorrow m
6、orning.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What kind of music does the man often listen to?A. Jazz music.B. Classical music.C. Rock music.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: I find there are plenty of classical music CDs on the Internet. You can buy them very cheaply if you like them.W: Great. I know you very often listen to them. Yo
7、u can try some rock music, which can make you energetic and powerful. And jazz music also makes people feel relaxed.M: Mm I sometimes listen to them.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Sarahs happy retirement.B. The mans art classes.C. Their hobbies.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: You
8、 really have a lot of hobbies, Sarah. How do you find time to keep up with all of them?W: Thats the nice thing about being retired. I have always had a desire to do more in the field of art, and now that I have time, I really enjoy taking art classes at the community college.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5
9、分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. Why does the man apologize to the woman?A. He lost her dictionary.B. He made her desk dirty.C. He damaged her glasses.7. What does the woman a
10、sk the man to do?A. Buy her an ice cream.B. Look up some new words.C. Tidy up her desk carefully.【答案】6. C 7. A【解析】【原文】M: Im terribly sorry, Tina. Ive broken your glasses. I was looking for the dictionary you borrowed from me yesterday on the desk while you were out for a break.W: Well, it doesnt mat
11、ter. Its my fault. I forgot to return it to you on time after I used it to look up some words in it. I should say sorry to you first.M: I need it badly now, so I began to search for it on your desk. I should have been careful. Ill pay for it.W: No, there is no need to pay. You treat me an ice cream
12、after class. Thats enough.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What makes the man change his appointment?A. An unexpected visitor.B. His urgent problem at work.C. The traffic due to the bad weather.9. When will the man meet Dr. Martin?A. On Wednesday.B. On Thursday.C. On Friday.【答案】8. C 9. B【解析】【原文
13、】W: Good morning. Harwich Hospital. How may I help you?M: Hello, I made an appointment with Dr. Martin, but I have to make a change now.W: Oh, whos calling, please?M: Its Adam Welsh.W: Ah yes, Mr. Welsh. Your appointment is at 11：00 am on Wednesday. Is there a problem?M: Well, unfortunately I wont b
14、e able to come tomorrow as I live out of town and Ive been cut off by last nights sudden snowstorm. Could I possibly have another appointment for the same time the day after tomorrow when the weather will hopefully be better?W: Wait a moment, please. Ill just check. Yes, thatll be fine.M: Thank you
15、very much.W: Youre welcome. Ill inform Dr. Martin of the change. Thank you for calling.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10. What can people enjoy in Richmond?A. Local foods.B. Local artworks.C. Local shopping centers.11. How far away is Sun Valley from Richmond?A. 5 minutes walk.B. 10 minutes walk
16、.C. 15 minutes bike ride.12. Where do the speakers decide to stay?A. In a tent.B. In a hotel.C. In a villagers house.【答案】10. B 11. B 12. A【解析】【原文】M: Lets plan a trip for the summer break.W: All right. I heard there are some little villages with beautiful scenery and interesting shops.M: Oh no. We do
17、nt have that much money to do some shopping.W: Youre right. Anyway, Id like to have a look. I just heard there are some really nice arts in the villages. The best place to find a good variety of local artworks such as paintings and handmade jewelry is Richmond. The only trouble is that there arent a
18、ny places to eat. Luckily, there are some great restaurants and cafs in Rosemount 15 minutes by bike away from it. And Sun Valley, which is a ten-minute walk from Richmond is also famous for its local foods.M: Great! Are there any youth hotels around there?W: Yes, theres one in Richmond. But what ab
19、out sleeping in a tent? We havent done that for ages and we dont have much money to stay in a hotel.M: Sounds fun.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Journalist and sportsman.C. Interviewer and job applicant.14. What does the
20、 man think of a teachers work?A. Easy.B. Boring.C. Challenging.15. What does the man like doing best?A. Playing sports.B. Watching sports.C. Teaching sports.16. What does the man value most about doing sports?A. Teach the young important life lessons.B. Try to maintain mental well-being.C. Make effo
21、rts to keep physically fit.【答案】13. C 14. C 15. A 16. A【解析】【原文】W: Nice to meet you, Jack. Im Mrs. Spence. Please take a seat.M: Thank you, Mrs. Spence. Nice to meet you, too.W: So, youve applied to do a teaching course here.M: Yes, thats right.W: Id like you to tell me, first of all, why you want to
22、be a teacher.M: OK. Well, Ive always loved explaining things and helping people. Im not looking for an easy jobI like a challenge! I also want to work with young people.W: And why have you decided to become a PE teacher?M: OK, playing sports is my favorite. I really believe its important for young p
23、eople to do sports at school.W: Oh, mine is watching sports. Well, why is it so important, do you think?M: OK. Well, first of all, we all know its important for our health to keep physically fit. Secondly, physical exercise is good for our mental well-being.W: HmmmM： Finally, playing sports teaches
24、young people important life lessons, like the teamwork, which values most.W: OK. Jack. Lets stop here. Ill let you know the result soon.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. What does Voltermans Smart Wallet focus on?A. The function.B. The design.C. The security.18. What will inform you of your phone
25、 and wallet being apart?A. The alarm.B. The camera.C. The GPS tracker.19. What can you receive if someone opens your wallet secretly?A. A picture of him.B. A voice from the phone.C. A message from the wallet.20. Why is Voltermans Smart Wallet suitable for travel?A. It doesnt need to recharge.B. It i
26、s light and easy to carry.C. It has a large capacity for pictures.【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B【解析】【原文】M: In the age of mobile payments, what we really need to survive is a smartphone. But one company in the US is going to make your traditional wallets cool again, by bringing them into the digital age
27、.Armenian firm Voltermans Smart Wallet takes security to a new level. Its fitted with different technology. In a smart wallet, there is an alarm, a GPS tracker, and even a camera.If your phone and wallet become separated, the alarm will warn you so that you dont leave it behind. And if your wallet i
28、s lost or stolen, the GPS tracker can help you reach it.But perhaps the most unusual feature of the Volterman Smart Wallet is the built-in front-facing camera. “If someone dares to open your wallet without your permission, the little camera will take a picture and send it to your mobile phone,” the
29、founder said. Once your wallet is stolen, you will find it easily by receiving the picture of the thief.The Volterman is really the worlds most powerful smart wallet. Its also lightweight and thin, making it perfect for travel. No more international roaming charges（漫游费）. Also, it works wirelessly. T
30、he high-tech wallet comes in three models, with the cheapest cost expected to be $169.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASuppose youre in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention to your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble.Realis
31、ation will probably set in seconds after youve clicked “send”. You freeze in horror and burn with shame.What to do? Here are four common email accidents, and how to recover.Clicking “send” too soonDont waste your time trying to find out if the receiver has read it yet. Write another email as swiftly
32、 as you can and send it with a brief title explaining that this is the correct version and the previous version should be ignored.Writing the wrong timeThe sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologising for your mistake. Keep the tone measured: dont handle it too lightly, as
33、 people can be offended, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).Clicking “reply all” unintentionallyYou accidentally reveal(透露)to the entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, or what holi
34、day youd like to take. In this instance, the best solution is to send a quick, light-hearted apology to explain your awkwardness. But it can quickly rise to something worse, when everyone starts hitting “reply all” to join in a long and unpleasant conversation. In this instance, step away from your
35、keyboard to allow everyone to calm down.Sending an offensive message to its subjectThe most awkward email mistake is usually committed in anger. You write an unkind message about someone, intending to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person youre discussing. In that case, ask to
36、speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry. Explain your frustrations calmly and sensiblysee it as an opportunity to clear up any difficulties you may have with this person.21. If you have written the wrong name in an email, it is best to _.A. apologise in a serious mannerB. tell the receiver
37、 to ignore the errorC. learn to write the name correctlyD. send a short notice to everyone22. What should you do when an unpleasant conversation is started by your “reply all” email?A. Try offering other choices.B. Avoid further involvement.C. Meet other staff members.D. Make a light-hearted apology
38、.23. How should you deal with the problem caused by an offensive email?A. By promising not to offend the receiver again.B. By seeking support from the receivers friends.C. By asking the receiver to control his anger.D. By talking to the receiver face to face.【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，人们在发送邮件
39、的时候经常会出现一些错误，作者详细说明了四个处理邮件事故的方法。【21题详解】细节理解题。由Writing the wrong time中的 “The sooner you notice, the better. Respond quickly and briefly, apologising for your mistake. ”可知，你越早发现越好。迅速而简短地回应，为你的错误道歉。 所以如果邮件上写错了名词，最好的方式是道歉。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。由Clicking “reply all” unintentionally中的“ In this instance, step a
40、way from your keyboard to allow everyone to calm down”可知，当你的“回复全部”邮件引发不愉快的对话时，你应该避免进一步介入，远离键盘，让每个人都冷静下来。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一个标题句下面内容“In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry”在这种情况下尽快的去当面说声和道歉，故选D。BIm going through it right now. Last night one of our three family dogs
41、was hit and killed by a car in front of my mothers house. The dogs became, more or less, my mothers surrogate children after her human children grew up and moved out and my father ran with a midlife crisis and left her. The one that was killed had bonded with my mother far more than the others.She i
42、s extremely shocked. I loved the dog, but my true sadness currently results from having to watch my mother bear another tragedy after everything she has been through in her life. In the midst of all of this, I have to sincerely applaud the driver of the vehicle, which feels wrong, but its not.Ill st
43、art by stating it was not his fault. The dog ran after a deer into the road at night. In an effort not to hit the deer with his car, he changed direction, not seeing the dog, resulting in its death. He could have very easily continued on his way, but he did something that I hope I never forget.In my
44、 eyes, he did the right thing. The driver pulled over, carefully wrapped our dog in a blanket he got from his car to preserve its dignity, and carried it up to my mothers front door.He was visibly shaking and very upset. He informed my mother of what happened and she broke down immediately. He comfo
45、rted her the best a stranger could and waited with her while my sister rushed to her house. He left his information and offered assistance in any way he could.Yes, he is the man who hit and killed our dog accidentally. What he really did was spare my mother, and potentially my sister, from coming ac
46、ross a horrible scene themselves while searching for the dog. He had so many choices that were far easier to make than what he chose. He did the right thing and for that, thank you, Stranger. You restored my faith in humanity.24. What do we know about the dog killed by the driver?A. It was killed by
47、 the driver on purpose.B. It lost its life during a fight against a deer.C. It was a particular favorite of the authors mother.D. It got killed by hitting the deer while running after it.25. What does the underlined part “feels wrong, but its not” in Paragraph 2 probably mean？A. The driver ought to
48、answer for the dogs death.B. The author thought it sensible to praise the driver.C. The author believed it was not the drivers fault to kill the dog.D. The driver should not take responsibility for the dogs death at a11.26. Which of the following can best describe the driver?A. Self-condemned and co
49、nsiderate.B. Calm and far-sighted.C. Reliable and generous.D. Irresponsible and unreasonable.27. What may the author agree with?A. Still waters have deep bottoms.B. Those who are ready to believe are easy to cheat.C. When the wound is healed，the pain is forgotten.D. Taking responsibility is the best
50、 policy.【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者妈妈最喜爱的一只狗被一名司机撞死了，但事故之后司机并没有逃掉，而是将死去的狗包裹好送到作者妈妈的家里的事。当时司机很伤心并向作者的家人解释了事情的经过。司机的这一做法得到了作者的充分谅解。作者也从这件事中恢复了对人性的信心。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中The one that was killed had bonded with my mother far more than the others.可知死去的那只小狗和我妈妈的关系比其他的狗更加亲密。由此可知，这只小狗应该
51、是妈妈最喜欢的一只。故选C。【25题详解】句意猜测题。根据上文She is extremely shocked. I loved the dog, but my true sadness currently results from having to watch my mother bear another tragedy after everything she has been through in her life. In the midst of all of this, I have to sincerely applaud the driver of the vehicle,可知
52、她震惊了。我爱这只狗，但现在我真正的悲伤是看到我的母亲在经历了生命中的一切之后又承受了另一场悲剧。由此可知，“我”爱这只狗，但“我”真正的悲伤却是源于不得不看着母亲在经历了生活中的一切之后，还要忍受另一场悲剧。在这一切之中，“我”又不得不真诚地为司机鼓掌，虽然“我”认为这种感觉不对，但事实并非如此。即划线句子的意思是“作者认为赞扬司机是明智的”。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段He was visibly shaking and very upset. He informed my mother of what happened and she broke down immed
53、iately. He comforted her the best a stranger could and waited with her while my sister rushed to her house. He left his information and offered assistance in any way he could.可知他显然在发抖，非常不安。他把发生的事告诉了我母亲，她立刻崩溃了。他以一个陌生人所能做的最好的方式安慰她，和她一起等着，而我姐姐则跑回了家。他留下了他的信息，并表示要尽他所能提供帮助。由此可推知，那位司机一直对于小狗的死亡感到伤心，同时他又安慰作者
54、的家人，司机既为小狗的死亡感到自责，但同时又体贴作者的家人。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中He could have very easily continued on his way, but he did something that I hope I never forget.可知他本可以轻松地继续他的旅程，但他做了一件事，我希望我永远不会忘记。以及第四段In my eyes, he did the right thing. The driver pulled over, carefully wrapped our dog in a blanket he got from
55、his car to preserve its dignity, and carried it up to my mothers front door.可知在我看来，他做得对。司机把车停在路边，小心翼翼地用毯子把我们的狗裹了起来，这是他从车里拿出来的，以保护它的尊严，然后把它带到我母亲的前门。由此可推知，虽然司机导致了小狗死亡，但是司机的表现却让作者感到他是一位勇于承担责任的人。故D项“承担责任是最好的策略”的观点作者会认同。故选D。CRed pandas are native to the high forests of Asia. They are only a little bigger
56、 than a house cat and considered to be endangered. Scientists reported last month that not all red pandas belong to the same species. There are two different species of this animal，not just one，a study found. The scientists reported finding major differences in three genetic markers between Chinese
57、red pandas and Himalayan red pandas. Scientists identified the markers after studying DNA from 65 of the creatures. DNA carries genetic information for the development，growth and reproduction of living things. Documenting the existence of two separate species could help guide efforts for protecting
58、red pandas，scientists added.Chinese red pandas live in northern Myanmar，as well as southeastern Tibet，Sichuan and Yunnan provinces in China. Himalayan red pandas are native to Nepal，India，Bhutan and southern Tibet in China，the researchers said.Conservation biologists Yibo Hu and Fuwen Wei 1ed the st
59、udy. “To conserve the genetic uniqueness of the two species，we should avoid their interbreeding(杂交繁殖)in captivity，”Hu said. “Interbreeding between species may harm the genetic adaptations already established for their local habitat environment. ”Scientists had earlier suggested there were two specie
60、s of red panda. But the new study was the first to provide the genetic information necessary to permit such a judgment. International experts estimate a total population of around 10，000 red pandas in the wild. The two species differ in coloration and skull shape. The Himalayan red panda is the rare
61、r of the two.Major dangers to red pandas include deforestation and habitat loss. While they have similar names，red pandas and giant pandas are not closely related. Giant pandas are one of the worlds eight bear species. Red pandas are sometimes called living fossils because they have no close living
62、relatives. They are the only remaining member of their mammalian family.28. What is the purpose of recording the existence of the two different species of red panda?A. To direct efforts for the protection of them.B. To better distinguish red pandas and giant pandas.C. To inform people there exist tw
63、o species of red panda.D. To confirm there are major differences between them.29. In which place can we spot Himalayan red pandas?A. Southeastern Tibet.B. Yunnan Province.C. Southern Tibet.D. Northern Myanmar.30. What can we know about the two species of red panda?A They belong to the same animal fa
64、mily as giant pandas.B. Their existence has been known already.C. They differ mainly in size and shape of skull.D. To protect them，we should interbreed them.31. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Lifestyle.B. Culture.C. Entertainment.D. Science.【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D【解析】本文是
65、一篇说明文，介绍了科学家们最近发现有两种小熊猫并声称这两种小熊猫的存在对我们保护它们具有一定的指导意义。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Documenting the existence of two separate species could help guide efforts for protecting red pandas，scientists added.”可知，这两种小熊猫的存在对我们保护它们具有一定的指导意义，故A项正确。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Himalayan red pandas are native to Nepal，India，Bhuta
66、n and southern Tibet in China”可知，喜马拉雅山小熊猫原产于尼泊尔、印度、不丹和中国西藏南部，由此可知，在西藏南部可以看到马拉雅山小熊猫，故C项正确。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Scientists had earlier suggested there were two species of red panda.”可知，科学家早些时候曾提出过有两种小熊猫，也就是说这两种小熊猫的存在早已为人所知，故B项正确。【31题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍的是科学家们最近发现有两种小熊猫并声称这两种小熊猫的存在对我们保护它们具
67、有一定的指导意义，这属于自然科学范畴，因此文章最有可能出现在报纸的科学版面上，故D项正确。DEuropean researchers say they have created a process that can produce oxygen from moon dust. The process could provide a major source of oxygen for humans taking part in moon exploration activities in the future. Researchers from the European Space Agenc
68、y，or ESA，carried out the experiments at a laboratory in the Netherlands.The team says ESAs experimental“plant”was able to successfully produce oxygen from simulated moon dust. The dust is part of a material known as regolith，a top layer of dirt and rock pieces that sit on the surface of the moon. Sa
69、mples of regolith returned from the moon have confirmed that the material contains about 45 percent oxygen by weight. However，the oxygen is chemically locked in the form of minerals or glass，so it is not easily available for use. Having real samples of regolith from the moon made it possible for the
70、 researchers to create the simulated moon dust material used during testing.The oxygen extraction(提取)process is carried out using a method called molten salt electrolysis(熔盐电解). This includes first placing the regolith in a metal container. Calcium chloride salt is added to the mixture，which is then
71、 heated to 950 degrees Celsius. At this temperature，the regolith remains solid. Next，an electrical current is passed through the material. The researchers say it is this step that results in oxygen being extracted from the regolith. The study reported that up to 96 percent of oxygen in the simulated
72、 moon dust was extracted during the experiments.ESAs long-term goal is to design an oxygen-producing“pilot plant”to operate full-time on the moon. The first technology demonstration of the system is expected to take place in the middle 2020s. Beth Lomax，a lead researcher on the project，said，“Being a
73、ble to acquire oxygen from resources found on the moon would obviously be hugely useful for future lunar settlers，both for breathing and the local production of rocket fuel. ”The researchers reported that“as a bonus，”the process also results in the production of usable metallic materials.ESA and the
74、 US space agency NASA are both working on plans to return human beings to the moon. NASA has set a goal for 2024 with the aim to keep humans on the moon for long periods.32. Why is oxygen from moon dust difficult to use?A. It is tough for human beings to get moon dust.B. It is chemically fixed in ma
75、terials or glass.C. The conditions of moon dust are terrible.D. There exits only a little of it.33. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A. What molten salt electrolysis is.B. Where the value of the study lies.C. How oxygen is extracted from moon dust.D. What is necessary in the oxygen extra
76、ction process.34. What is Beth Lomaxs attitude towards the possibility of getting oxygen from moon dust?A. Positive.B. Skeptical.C. Cautious.D. Indifferent.35. What can be the best title for the text?A. Recent Studies of Moon Dust by ResearchersB. How Researchers Extracted Oxygen from Moon DustC. Po
77、tential Significance of Oxygen Extracted from Moon DustD. Researchers Report Extracting Oxygen from Moon Dust Successfully【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。研究人员报告称他们已经成功地从月球尘埃中提取出氧气。这项工程对于未来的月球定居者来说是非常有用的。【32题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“However，the oxygen is chemically locked in the form of minerals
78、or glass，so it is not easily available for use.”然而，来自月球尘埃中的氧气不易使用的原因是氧在化学上以矿物或玻璃的形式被锁住。由此可知，月球尘埃中的氧气难以使用是因为它以化学方式固定在材料或玻璃中。故选B项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。第三段首先说到“The oxygen extraction(提取)process is carried out using a method called molten salt electrolysis(熔盐电解).”氧气提取过程是使用一种叫作熔盐电解的方法，然后说到第二步“Next，an electrical c
79、urrent is passed through the material.”下一步，电流通过材料传播。所以第三段主要讲了如何从月球尘埃中提取氧气。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Being able to acquire oxygen from resources found on the moon would obviously be hugely useful for future lunar settlers，both for breathing and the local production of rocket fuel. ”能够从月球上发现的资源中获取氧气显然对未
80、来的月球定居者非常有用，无论是呼吸还是火箭燃料的本地生产。从Beth Lomax说的话可知，Beth Lomax对于能够从月球尘埃中获取氧气的可能性持积极态度。故选A项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。从首段“European researchers say they have created a process that can produce oxygen from moon dust.”(欧洲研究员声称他们已经创造出了从月球尘埃中提取氧气的方法。)可知文章主要讲了研究人员报告说，他们成功地从月球尘埃中提取了氧气。D项作为本文标题最为恰当。故选D项。【点睛】文章考查主旨大意题较多，分别为段落大意
81、和篇章大意，段落大意只需要看该段落，比如第二题，首先找出段落首句引出话题，然后找出连接词next，由此得知是介绍氧气提取过程。篇章大意需要结合文章的首尾段，本篇文章是看首段，首段引出主题研究人员报告称他们已经成功地从月球尘埃中提取出氧气。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weve all heard the phrase, “Work smarter, not harder.” When it comes to studying, there are some very specific way
82、s you can improve your effectiveness without adding loads of extra work. Create a game plan. Before you begin your study session, create a game plan for exactly how you will study. Consider what you will study, how long youll spend on each subject and what study methods you will use. _36_ Take at le
83、ast 10 minutes before your study session to map out your game plan.Outline your notes. Taking the time to boil your notes down to a standard outline can help you grasp the overall concepts youre studying. You certainly can borrow or copy someone elses notes, but you must work hard to put everything
84、in your own words. _37_ Many times, understanding the big picture is just as important as remembering all the individual facts. Outlining allows you to file individual facts under larger ideas.Maintain balance. Balance can be difficult to maintain in school but its crucial for success. _38_ Seek to
85、carry out a balanced life. Make sure to maintain a social life and develop hobbies outside of school. Stay in touch with your family and keep them informed of your school progress. Its certainly a challenge, but living in balance will keep you on the path to success._39_ If you want to do well in sc
86、hool, you simply have to do it. But there are specific ways to study better. To make the most of your limited time. _40_ By following the methods above, you can raise the quality of your studying sessions without necessarily increasing the quantity.A. To keep from spinning your wheels.B. Theres no w
87、ay to get around studying.C. Write out your notes by hand during class.D. If you dont, youll fail to understand the larger concept.E. This allows you to study the right materials at the right time.F. The last thing you want to do is bury yourself in a mountain of books.G. Dont spend all your time st
88、udying or all your time hanging with friends.【答案】36. E 37. D 38. G 39. B 40. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高学习效率的一些具体的方法。【36题详解】根据上文Create a game plan. Before you begin your study session, create a game plan for exactly how you will study. Consider what you will study, how long youll spend on each subject an
89、d what study methods you will use.可知制定一个游戏计划。在你开始学习之前，为你将如何学习制定一个游戏计划。考虑一下你要学什么，每门课要花多长时间，以及你要用什么学习方法。由此可知，上文提出方法，本句说明这个方法的作用在于可以让你在正确的时间学习正确的材料。故E选项“这可以让你在正确的时间学习正确的材料”符合语境，故选E。【37题详解】根据上文You certainly can borrow or copy someone elses notes, but you must work hard to put everything in your own word
90、s.可知你当然可以借或抄别人的笔记，但你必须努力用自己的话表达。以及后文Many times, understanding the big picture is just as important as remembering all the individual facts.(很多时候，理解大局和记住所有的个别事实一样重要)由此可知，上文提到用自己的话表达是为了更好地区理解概念，如果不这样做，就无法理解更大的概念。故D选项“如果你不这样做，你就无法理解更大的概念”符合语境，故选D。【38题详解】根据上文Maintain balance. Balance can be difficult to
91、 maintain in school but its crucial for success.可知保持平衡。在学校里很难保持平衡，但这是成功的关键。由此可知，本句承接上文具体说明，要保持平衡意味着不要把你所有的时间都花在学习上，或者花在和朋友玩上。故G选项“不要把你所有的时间都花在学习上，或者花在和朋友玩上”符合语境，故选G。【39题详解】根据后文If you want to do well in school, you simply have to do it.可知如果你想在学校取得好成绩，你就必须这样做。由此可知，要想在学校取得好成绩，那么努力学习是无法逃避的，你必须学习。故B选项“学习
92、是没有办法逃避的”符合语境，故选B。【40题详解】根据上文To make the most of your limited time.可知充分利用你有限的时间。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，充分利用有限的时间意味着不要磨洋工，本句与上文为并列关系。故A选项“不要磨洋工”符合语境，故选A。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Minh Best, born without arms, loves to paint and shes found a unique
93、 way to approach her work. To _41_ her paintings, she uses her foot to hold the brush. The girl has not let anything _42_ her back, especially from doing what she loves: painting.Her paintings have _43_ from an artistic hobby into a way for Minh and her parents, Sarah Best and Justin Best, to raise
94、money for her to _44_ Camp No Limits. Camp No Limits is a camp for children with limb (肢体) differences, Sarah Best said. We are trying to _45_ to West next year as there are campers like Minh and we want her to _46_ them.”Online and direct messages with specific requests are _47_ ways Minhs painting
95、s have been sold. “Several people have told us, with tears in their eyes, how _48_ they are to get to see her do what she loves. “ Sarah Best said.The family has already raised more than $5,000, helping pay for travel _49_ to two camps just this year. “ _50_ she attends these camps, shell know shes
96、just one of the crowd, ” Sarah Best remarked.As her drawings continue to _51_ the shelves, Minhs family would love to be able to help other kids attend these camps and offer financial assistance through these _52_. “Attending these camps, shes already _53_ others as well,” Best said. “Again, her lov
97、e for life is just catching and it gives people of all ages _54_, even at these camps.”Minh will continue to paint, cook, dance and do everything that brings her joy _55_ limitations.41. A. sellB. enjoyC. promoteD. make42. A. holdB. callC. bringD. give43. A. risenB. grownC. rangedD. stayed44. A. att
98、endB. witnessC. experienceD. deliver45. A. moveB. walkC. travelD. cycle46. A. argue withB. catch up withC. fit in withD. agree with47. A. normalB. commonC. originalD. unique48. A. blessedB. annoyedC. considerateD. adorable49. A. plansB. booksC. aimsD. expenses50. A. SinceB. ThoughC. WhenD. Because51
99、. A. run intoB. pass downC. apply forD. fly off52. A. lessonsB. classesC. donationsD. comments53. A. hurtB. inspiredC. preventedD. offended54. A. moneyB. hopeC. experiencesD. paintings55. A. withoutB. despiteC. overD. through【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. C 51. D 52. C
100、 53. B 54. B 55. A【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了喜欢绘画的Minh Best通过售卖自己的画作来参加夏令营的故事。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了完成她的画作，她用脚握住画笔。A. sell售卖；B. enjoy 享受；C. promote提升；D. make制作。通过下文she uses her foot to hold the brush可知，她用脚握住毛笔是为了完成自己的画作。故此题选D。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩没有让任何事情阻碍她，尤其是她喜欢做的事情：绘画。A. hold持有、抑制；B. call打电话；C. bring带来；D.
101、give给与。通过上文she uses her foot to hold the brush可知，小女孩不顾一切都要画画，没什么能阻止她。所以这里hold back为固定短语表示“阻止”。故此题选A。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的画作已经从一种艺术爱好发展成了明和她的父母莎拉贝斯特和贾斯汀贝斯特为她筹钱参加夏令营的一种方式。A. risen上升；B. grown发展、成长；C. ranged 变化；D. stayed停留。通过下文from an artistic hobby into a way for Minh and her parents, Sarah Best and Ju
102、stin Best, to raise money for her可知，画画发展成为了一种筹钱的方式。故此题选B。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上一题。A. attend参加；B. witness目睹；C. experience经历；D. deliver运送。根据下文she attends these camps可知，小女孩想参加这个夏令营。故此题选A。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们正试图明年前往西部，因为有像明这样的露营者，我们希望她能融入其中。A. move移动；B. walk行走；C. travel行进、长途旅行；D. cycle使循环。通过下文helping pay
103、 for travel可知，Minh要去很远的西部参加夏令营。故此题选C。【46题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意见上一题。A. argue with争论；B. catch up with赶上；C. fit in with融入；D. agree with同意。通过上文as there are campers like Minh可知，这个夏令营的孩子都和Minh一样，所以希望Minh能够融入其中。故此题选C。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：网上销售和有具体要求的销售是Minh作品销售的常见方式。A. normal正常的；B. common常见的；C. original原始的；D. uni
104、que独特的。通过下文As her drawings continue to _11_ the shelves,可知Minh会将绘画作品放在网上平台售卖，所以推断出这是她最常见的销售方法。故此题选B。48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有几个人含泪告诉我们，看到她做她爱做的事，他们是多么幸运。A. blessed幸运的、受祝福的；B. annoyed让人生气的；C. considerate体贴的；D. adorable可爱的。前文说到残疾的Minh画画很不容易，所以能看见她的作品是非常幸运的。故此题选A。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个家庭已经筹集了5000多美元，帮助支付今年前往
105、两个营地的旅费。A. plans计划；B. books书籍；C. aims目的；D. expenses费用。通过上文的5000多美元可知，此处讲的是此次活动的花费。故此题选D。【50题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当她参加这些夏令营时，她就会知道自己会是人群中的一员。A. Since因为；B. Though尽管；C. When当时候；D. Because原因。上文说到Minh 参加的这个夏令营有很多和她一样的孩子，所以当Minh参加这个夏令营，就知道自己是其中一员。故此题选C。【51题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：随着她的画作不断地从货架上飞走，Minh的家人很希望能够帮助其他孩子参加这些
106、夏令营，并通过这些捐款提供经济援助。A. run into陷入；B. pass down传下来；C. apply for申请；D. fly off飞出。通过下文help other kids attend these camps and offer financial assistance可知，Minh的家人想要帮助其他的孩子是因为Minh的画卖出了，才能够帮助其他人。fly off本意为飞走，这里指画被卖出了。故此题选D。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上一题。A. lessons课程；B. classes班级；C. donations捐赠；D. comments评论。上文说到Minh
107、的家人想帮助其他的孩子，所以是要把多余的钱捐赠出来。故此题选C。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：参加这些夏令营，她已经激励了其他人。A. hurt受伤；B. inspired激励；C. prevented阻止；D. offended冒犯。通过下文her love for life is just catching她对生活的热爱吸引了许多人。可知，这个行为已经鼓励了许多人。故此题选B。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对生活的热爱是有吸引力的，它给了所有年龄段的人希望，即使在这些夏令营活动中。A. money金钱；B. hope希望；C. experiences经验；D. paint
108、ings绘画。上文讲到她对生活的热爱有吸引力，可知Minh对许多像她一样的小孩重新燃起了对生活的希望。故此题选B。【55题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：Minh将继续画画、做饭、跳舞，做一切能带给她无限欢乐事情。A. without没有；B. despite尽管；C. over超过；D. through通过。without limitations固定搭配表示“没有限制”。上文说到Minh克服残疾做自己最喜欢的画画，所以她希望能够享受生活中可以给她无限快乐的事情。故此题选A。第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）语法填空More and more public schools in
109、America make it a rule that students must finish a certain amount of community service _56_ they are allowed to graduate from high school. They work on projects like making the environment better or_57_(feed) homeless people.Many school systems in the United States now ask students to do some kinds
110、of community service as part of their studies. Students _58_(involve) in service projects help _59_ (they) as well as their communities. They learn about the needs of people and aid _60_(organize). For this reason, holidays _61_ (become) the prime period for volunteer work so far. Volunteers get no
111、pay, but experts point out that it is_62_excellent opportunity to learn and practice new skills.According to the statistics, more than 60% of young Americans have participated _63_ different kinds of community service, such as cooking for homeless people, or painting old buildings, etc. Some student
112、s like to do their volunteer work in _64_(centre) parts of America, but the majority of teens prefer to do it in their hometowns. Tom,a 16-year-old middle school student in California, often _65_(do) community service in a local hospital. He works 16 hours every week either receiving calls at the in
113、formation desk, or helping push patients back to their wards(病房).【答案】56. before 57. feeding 58. involved 59. themselves 60. organizations 61. have become 62. an 63. in 64. central 65. does【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国的公立大学规定，在学生从高中毕业之前必须完成一定数量的社区服务，并介绍了社区服务对于学生自身和社区的好处。【56题详解】考查状语从句。句意：美国越来越多的公立学校规定学生必须完成
114、一定数量的社区服务才能从高中毕业。根据句意可知，完成一定数量的社区服务发生在被大学录取之前，before引导时间状语从句复合语境。故填before。【57题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们致力于改善环境或为无家可归的人提供食物等项目。or前后连接两个并列成分，应保持相同的形式；分析句子可知，设空处与前面的making并列，故填feeding。【58题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参与服务项目的学生既帮助他们自己也帮助他们的社区。分析句子可知，本句的主语是students，谓语动词是help，主谓之间的部分作后置定语修饰students，因students和involve之间是被动关系，所以本空应
115、填过去分词形式，故填involved。【59题详解】考查反身代词。句意：参与服务项目的学生既帮助他们自己也帮助他们的社区。句子的主语和宾语指代同一人群，宾语用反身代词，故填themselves。【60题详解】考查名词。句意：他们了解人们的需求，援助组织。aid sth./sb.意为“帮助某事或某人”，其后应用名词，结合语境可知，此处不仅指一个组织，故填organizations。【61题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：因此，假期已经成为了志愿者工作的黄金时期。根据后面的“so far”可知应用现在完成时，又因主语holidays是名词复数形式，故填have become。【62题详解】考查冠词
116、。句意：志愿者是没有报酬的，但是专家指出这是一个学习和练习新技能的好机会。此处指“一个”非常好的机会，表泛指，应填不定冠词；excellent的发音是以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。【63题详解】考查介词。句意：据统计，超过60%的美国年轻人参加过各种各样的社区服务，如为无家可归的人做饭或粉刷旧建筑等。participate in为固定搭配，意为“参加”，故填in。【64题详解】考查形容词。句意：一些学生喜欢在美国中部做志愿者工作，但大多数青少年更喜欢在他们的家乡做。分析句子可知，本空修饰后面的名词，修饰名词用形容词，所以此处应用centre的形容词形式，故填central。【65题详解】考查
117、主谓一致。句意：16岁的汤姆是加州的一名中学生，他经常在当地一家医院做社区服务。根据“is”和后面的“He works”得知用一般现在时，该句主语为Tom，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，do的第三人称形式是does，故填does。【点睛】介词是语法填空中常考的一个内容。围绕介词，主要考查一些固定搭配。如何判断该空要填介词呢？同学们要注意观察该空前后的词语。介词的后面往往接名词或动名词。如果该空后面接的是动词原形或句子，那么，很显然，该空不能填介词。另外，同学们要注意对固定搭配的积累。例如，第8小题考查与participate搭配的介词in。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文
118、写作（满分15）66. 假定你是李华，你校学生会将举办垃圾分类中英文海报设计大赛，你是负责人。请在你校英文网站写一则通知，内容包括：1. 大赛目；2. 作品要求；3. 作品展出方式及颁奖时间。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；NoticeGarbage Classification Poster Design Competition_Student Council【答案】NoticeGarbage Classification Poster Design CompetitionTo raise awareness of garbage classification
119、and help students form a good habit, we will hold a competition to design a poster about garbage classification.The competition is open to anyone. The designs, using both Chinese and English, can be hand-drawn or digitally produced. Submissions can be made as an individual or as a team. Please hand
120、in your work before July 22nd to Mr. Li in Room 102. The designs will be displayed from July 23rd to September 10th in the school hall and on our school website. The award ceremony will be held on September 15th and the awards for winners will be amazing.We are looking forward to lots of creative de
121、signs.Student Council【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达应用文，要求写一则通知。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你校学生会将举办垃圾分类中英文海报设计大赛，你是负责人。请在你校英文网站写一则通知，内容包括：1. 大赛目的；2. 作品要求；3. 作品展出方式及颁奖时间。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：raise awareness of(增强意识)；garbage classification(垃圾分类)；form a good habit(养成好习惯)；hold a competition(举办比赛)；be open to(对开放)；bothand(两者都)；
122、hand-drawn(手绘的)；submissions(提交)；individual(个人)；hand in(提交)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时和一般将来时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如To raise awareness of garbage classification and help students form a good habit, we
123、 will hold a competition to design a poster about garbage classification.和The designs, using both Chinese and English, can be hand-drawn or digitally produced.非谓语动词的运用。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。第二节（满分25分）67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Honesty is
124、 a vital quality of human behavior and always regarded as a virtue.Every time people refer to the topic, I would recall an unforgettable experience which had a deep impact on my growth.I was 16 when one morning, Dad told me I could drive him to Mijas, a town 18 miles away and then take the car in a
125、nearby garage to get it serviced.At that time,I had just passed the driving test, and I hardly had a chance to use the car, so I said yes without hesitation.I drove my father to Mijas,promising to pick him up again at 4 pm, then I went to a nearby garage,and put the car in there. Since I had several
126、 hours to spare, I decided to go to a movie theater near the garage to see a movie. However, I was so absorbed in the plot of the movie that l forgot the time. When the last movie finished, I looked at my watch:6 pm.I was two hours late!I thought my father would be very angry if he knew what I was d
127、oing. And he would never let me drive again. So I decided to make up an excuse. Then, I drove to the appointed place,my father was sitting in a corner, waiting patiently. I first apologized for being late, then told him that I wanted to get there as soon as possible, but that something was wrong wit
128、h some of the main parts of the car.I would never forget the way he looked at me. “ Im very disappointed that you thought you had to lie to me, Jason.” My father looked at me again and said, “When you didnt show up on time, I called the gas station and asked if there was anything wrong. They told me
129、 you never picked up the car. So, you see, I know theres nothing wrong with the car at all.”Paragraph 1A wave of guilt swept over me._Paragraph 2Im going to walk home now and think where I have gone wrong all these years,father said to me._【答案】Paragraph 1:A wave of guilt swept over me. I had to admi
130、t the fact that I had gone to the movies and that was the real reason why I was late. Dad listened carefully as a sadness passed through him，“Im angry, not with you but with myself. You see. I realize that I have failed as a father if after all these years you feel that you have to lie to me. I have
131、 failed because I have brought up a son who cannot even tell the truth to his own father.Paragraph 2:“Im going to walk home now and think where I have gone wrong all these years”, father said to me. “But father, its exactly eighteen miles home from here, and its dark. You cant walk back. ”I begged.
132、My protests, my apologies and the rest of my words were useless. I had let my father down and I was about to learn one of the most painful lessons of my life. Dad began walking along the dusty roads. I quickly jumped in the car and followed behind. I apologized all the way, telling him how sorry I w
133、as, but he simply ignored me. For 18 miles he kept walking. Seeing my father in so much pain was the most awful experience that I have ever faced. However it was also the most successful lesson.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者驾车去接他的父亲，但是他因为去看电影而耽误了时间后，他谎称去修车了，最后谎言被拆穿了，这使得父亲非常生气。【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：
134、一股负疚感席卷了我，我不得不承认我去看电影了，这才是我迟到的真正原因，所以应该写父亲对此的反应是什么以及父亲的情感此时影视什么样的。第二段开头是：父亲对我说：“我现在要走回家，想想这些年来我哪里做错了。”本段应该写父亲对我这么做的反应是什么以及我的心里活动是什么以及我从这件事情当中得到了什么经验教训。续写时要求所续写短文的词数应为150左右；按要求完成写作任务。【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：I had to admit the fact that I had gone to the movies and that was the real reason why I was late.这句话运用了why引导的定语从句；文章也使用了一些固定词组，如pass through; brought up; letdown等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
