1、高考语法填空解题技巧高考语法填空题两类“空”：纯空格（5-6个）给词空 (4-5个）1.谓语(动词:时态语态)2.非谓语(动词:to do/doing/done)3.词类转换(名形副)冠、代、介、连考查方式一一根据句子结构，确定根据句子结构，确定词性词性动词名词形容词副词冠词介词连词代词词性一般有提示词无提示词二根据上下文意义及语法，确定二根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形词形冠词冠词定冠词,不定冠词并列句及复合句非谓语非谓语非谓语动词 to do,doing,done 及变形谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致连词连词介词介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配词性变化词性变化词汇,构词法谓语动词谓语动词代词代
2、词人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词根据语义,确定词形分析句子,确定词性解题四步走提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据通读全文,理解大意检查搭配,前后连贯动词谓语动词 有提示词 与主语构成主谓结构1.I was certain she would like it because I 39 _ 1.I was certain she would like it because I 39 _(tell)by my classmates that she loved hot food.(tell)by
3、 my classmates that she loved hot food.2.His fear of failure 36_(keep)him from 2.His fear of failure 36_(keep)him from classroom games that other children played with classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon.joyous abandon.was toldwas toldkeptkept考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致例1He was
4、cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly,he_(find)that he had run out of salt.So Nick calledfound例2Last year,my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.We _(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that weekwere told例3He su
5、ddenly appeared in class one day He walked in as if he _(buy)the schoolhe was from New York City.分析由as if(好像)可知，可能用虚拟语气；由语境可知，他是新来的同学，不可能是买下了学校，故用虚拟语气；这是叙述过去的事，与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，故填had bought助动词 构成行为动词一般现在时和一般过去时的疑问句和否定句的do,does,did。例1 How much _ he charge you for repairing the bicycle just now?did 强调行为
6、动词一般现在时和一般过去时的谓语动词的do,does,did。例2To tell you the truth,Tom _ take my pen by mistake yesterday,but he has said sorry to me.did 构成部分倒装的do,does,did。例3 Not only _ he do well in his study,but also he is always ready to help others.does 常用情态动词的基本用法。例4I _ have gone to the school library,but it rained heavi
7、ly,so I did not.分析表示“本应该做某事，但事实上却没有做”，用should have done sth.表示，故填should。非谓语动词 有提示词 除谓语动词以外的动词形式1.We must also consider the reaction of the person 1.We must also consider the reaction of the person 32_(receive)the gift.32_(receive)the gift.2.I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left 2.I then not
8、iced that I had just 10 minutes left _(complete)the rest!_(complete)the rest!3.My pupils,Donnie 40_(include),adored 3.My pupils,Donnie 40_(include),adored her.her.receivingreceivingto completeto completeincludedincluded考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用例1Sue got home,_(feel)very tired.feeling例2_(build)in 1192,the br
9、idge is over 700 years old.Built例3It has been his dream _(travel)round the world.to travel例4_(collect)stamps seems to be his main hobby.Collecting例5I didnt talk much to the man _(sit)next to me.sitting例6She avoided _(answer)the teachers questions.answering牢记:只能接动词-ing形式作宾语的常用动词,如finish,enjoy,conside
10、r,advise,suggest,feel like,cant help等;只能接to do作宾语的动词,如plan,want,wish,hope,would like,refuse等;接to do与doing意思有差别的动词,如forget,remember,regret等；look forward to,devote oneself to等to是介词的短语动词。名词名词弄清数与格。即名词是否该用复数，是否要用所有格。例1We were poor in those _(day).days例2 Its about an _(hour)drive from here.hours形容词和副词形容词
11、和副词 有提示词通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级1.One of the 33_(bad)gift choices I ever One of the 33_(bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher made was for my high school English teacher 2.We were both laughing the whole time at our 2.We were both laughing the
12、 whole time at our complete inability to communicate in plete inability to communicate in words.When it was time to leave,I said“thank you”in When it was time to leave,I said“thank you”in Korean,using some of the few words I had learned.I Korean,using some of the few words I had learned.I felt _(lon
13、ely)than I had expected that felt _(lonely)than I had expected that night.night.3.3.Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer.Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer.Critics call her one of the _(great)writers Critics call her one of the _(great)writers of our time.of our time.
14、worstworstless lonelyless lonelygreatestgreatest比较等级有than的前面要用比较级；有in,of,I have ever seen等表示比较范围的用最高级；根据语境理解隐形的比较级。例1It takes _(little)time to go there by plane than by train.less例2My pronunciation is poor.His is even _(bad).worse例3Hainan is Chinas second _(large)island.largest例4Mr.Li,our English te
15、acher,is one of the _(nice)people I know.nicest连词连词或从句引导词 无提示词两个主谓结构连接1.Historically,it was famous for industry,which explains 1.Historically,it was famous for industry,which explains 16 16 the area is called the Black Country.the area is called the Black Country.2.It got its name during the industr
16、ial revolution,2.It got its name during the industrial revolution,17 17 factory pollution turned the local skies black and local factory pollution turned the local skies black and local dust from the mines made the soil the same color.dust from the mines made the soil the same color.3.Jane paused in
17、 front of a counter _ some 3.Jane paused in front of a counter _ some attractive ties were on display.attractive ties were on display.4.One day,he came up with an idea _ he would 4.One day,he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.pluck up all of his crop a few inches.
18、whywhywhenwhen考查语法点:各类复合句中连词，引导词的用法wherewherethatthat例1 As a citizen,you must obey the law _ you will be punished.or“否则”。例2 He likes cats _ dislikes dogs.but例3 He came to me in the belief _ I could help him.that例4 Owing to lack of time,we cannot do more than _ we have done.what例5I met someone _ said
19、 he knew you.who例6 Li Ming won first prize in the competition,_ made his father pleased.which例7 We camped there _ it was too dark to go on.because例8 Such things,_ you like it or not,do happen from time to time.whetherwhether or 不管还是【例句1】One day,he came up with an idea _ he would pluck up all of his
20、crop a few inches.答案：that【例句2】In Lanzhou I visited a factory _ everything was very simple,including its equipment and the directors office,yet the factory turned out quite good products.答案：where【例句3】He was very tired after doing this for a whole day,_ he felt very happy since the crop did“grow”highe
21、r.答案：but【例句4】We understand this lesson best _ we receive gifts of love from children.答案：when【例句5】.the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _ should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house.答案：who【例句6】Jane paused in front of a counter _ some attractive ties were on
22、display.答案：where特殊的句式结构(1)由it is.that.强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。【例句】.and _40_ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG(味精)!答案：it(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not,until,had等，还是填do,does,did等。【例句】_ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.答案
23、：Only(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。如：【例句1】.as _32_ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two worldfamous artists.答案：it【例句2】Dating sites also make _36_ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.答案：it(4)so/such.that.句型。如：【例句】This made the goat so jealous _34_ it began plotting
24、 against(谋划对付)the donkey.答案：that代词代词 无提示词 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，it用作引导词,反身代词等。考查语法点:代词的基本用法1.She remembered how difficult 1.She remembered how difficult _ was to choose was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.a suitable Christmas present for her father
25、.2.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my 2.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in my village,I wanted to reward the old friends in my village,I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused _.woman for the trouble I had caused _.3.It has been said before,but
26、 experiencing it myself has 3.It has been said before,but experiencing it myself has made _ want to say it again:a smilemade _ want to say it again:a smile itherhermeme例1 The manager was about to leave when his secretary called _ back.him例2Tom,a friend of _(I),is our monitor.mine例3 The children amus
27、ed _(they)by playing hide-and-seek games.“自娱自乐，游玩(amuse oneself)”themselves类似的短语还有enjoy oneself(玩得开心),teach oneself(自学),adapt oneself(适应),dress oneself(自己穿衣),devote oneself to(致力于),by oneself(单独地)等。【例句4】When I looked into their eyes,I found they didnt care,which told me it would be useless,but when
28、I looked into _，I saw kindness.答案：yours【例句5】His teacher took a deep drink，.thanked his student very much for the sweet water.After the student left,the teacher let _ student taste the water.答案：another冠词3.the head of the village was tying up his horse to 3.the head of the village was tying up his hor
29、se to my car to pull it to my car to pull it to small town some 20 small town some 20 kilometers away kilometers away 4.I still remember taking 22 _ visiting friend from 4.I still remember taking 22 _ visiting friend from Canada to a local Black Country pub for lunch.Canada to a local Black Country
30、pub for lunch.冠词 无提示词 名词之前1.There once were a goat and a donkey.So the 1.There once were a goat and a donkey.So the farmer killed 40_ goat and gave the farmer killed 40_ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.donkey medicine made from its heart.2.When I see a child subject to this kin
31、d of pressure,I 2.When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure,I think of Donnie.He was 35_ shy,nervous think of Donnie.He was 35_ shy,nervous perfectionist.perfectionist.theaa考查语法点:定冠词,不定冠词的用法aaaa解题技巧下列情况很可能填：(1)_+可数名词(单数)；(2)_+形容词+可数名词(单数)。下列情况下很可能填：(1)_(+定语)+名词+of等介词短语(表示特指)；(2)_(+定语)+名词+定
32、语从句(表示特指)；(3)_(+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语(表示特指)。不定冠词定冠词例1It was _ third time I had been there.the例2 This is _ most boring film Ive ever seen.the例3 He is _ honest businessman,according to what everyone says.an【例句4】What is a good education?_ question is far from being answered.Once more,colleges and universit
33、ies are revising their programs:they drop“fun courses”and reestablish some of the traditional subjects neglected since the 1960s.答案：The 介词介词 无提示词：注意搭配问题与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等 与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语1.In short,I believe that it is 39_ great use to 1.In short,I believe that it is 39_ great use to keep a dairy in
34、 English keep a dairy in English 2.When I took the money from her grandparents,I 2.When I took the money from her grandparents,I looked back 34_the girl,who was giving me looked back 34_the girl,who was giving me the most optimistic,largest smile I had ever seen.the most optimistic,largest smile I h
35、ad ever seen.3.She found some good quality pipes3.She found some good quality pipes_ _ sale.sale.4.He was very tired 4.He was very tired _ _ doing this for a whole doing this for a whole daydayofofatat考查语法点:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配ononfrom/afterfrom/after例1 I am grateful to you _ helping me.for例2_ time going by
36、,I gradually realize the importance of health.WithWith time going by=As time goes by随着时间的流逝。【例句3】Nick replied，“The only reason a man would sell salt 1._ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 2._ th
37、e sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”答案：1.at2.for【例句4】_ view of the rising popularity of 3D films,80 percent said the growth prospect would be good in the coming 12 months,and 60 percent suggested that 3D technology would offer more business opportunities over the next
38、 three years.答案：In词性转换词性转换 有提示词 介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子1.“Thirty-five cents,”she said 36_(rude).1.“Thirty-five cents,”she said 36_(rude).2.As far as I am concerned,my 37 _ 2.As far as I am concerned,my 37 _(suggest)is that we should always have a notebook(suggest)is that we should alway
39、s have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach.and a Chinese-English within easy reach.3.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in 3.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _(nature)course.their _(nature)course.4._(doubt),although there is still room 4._(doubt),a
40、lthough there is still room for improvement to this policy,I think it is still a for improvement to this policy,I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation.students and the nation.rudelyrudelysuggesti
41、onsuggestion考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化naturalnaturalUndoubtedlyUndoubtedly词类转换 作主语、宾语、表语，用名词。亦即，名词就是在句中作主语、宾语、表语的。例1Several children are away from school because of _(ill).illness 作定语、补语、表语，用形容词。亦即，形容词在句中是作定语、补语、表语的。例2 This is the only reference book that I find _(use).useful 作状语，用副词修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或修饰全句。亦即，副词就是用来作状语的。例3I arrived late but _(luck),the meeting had been delayed.luckilyThanks for listening
