1、worldtodayyesterdaytomorrowTomorrows worldGrammar and UsageUnit3The man _(call)“Good husband”.is calledThe pet dog _(treat)by veterinary.is being treatedA frog _(catch)by a big bird just now.was caughtAn argument _ already _(put forward)has been put forward英语语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和
2、被动语态。主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。Point out the verb,the subject and the object in the following sentences:We kept food in the fridge.We must close the windows and the door.S v.O.SV.O Food was kept(by us)in the fridge.The windows and the door must be clo
3、sed.1.Find out the object of the sentence and use it as the subject of the sentence with the passive voice.2.Decide the tense of the sentence and use the related form of its passive.3.If necessary,use”by”to join the former subject,which should be put into its object form.Change the following sentenc
4、es into the passive voice:1.All of us like her.2.We are discussing the question.3.We have put off the meeting.4.I will develop my picture next week.She is liked by all of us.The question is being discussed.The meeting has been put off.My picture will be developed next week.被动语态的构成由助动词be+及物动词的过去分词（V-
5、ed）构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。be+done am/is/are一般现在时am/is/are+being现在进行时shall/will+be一般将来时have/has+been现在完成时be+done was/were一般过去时was/were+being过去进行时would+be过去将来时had+been过去完成时Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given:1.I _(give)a new book by my father on my birthday.2.English _(find)very use
6、ful.3.The work _(finish)tomorrow.4.The flowers _(water)by them now.was given is foundwill be finished are being watered5.The railway _(build)this time last year.6.The new way _ already _(build).7.The new railway _(build)by the end of last year.8.He told me the sports meeting _(hold)the next month.9.
7、Rice _(grow)in the south of the States.was being builthas been builthad been builtwould be held is grown被动语态的各种句型：1.单宾语结构。Our English teacher often uses a tape-recorder in teaching English.A tape-recorder is often used(by our English teacher)in teaching English.The villagers gave the foreign guests
8、a warm welcome.The foreign guests were given a warm welcomeby the villagers.A warm welcome was given to the foreignguests by the villagers.We offered people in the flooded areassome food and clothes.2.双宾语结构。People in the flooded areas were offered some food and clothes.Some food and clothes were off
9、ered to the people in the flooded areas.3.复合宾语结构。They heard someone singing in the next room.objectObject complementSomeone was heard singing in the next room.在主动语态中，有些使役动词和感官动词后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中，要改为带to的不定式作主语补足语。如：see/hear/make sb.do sth.Sb.be seen/heard/made to do sth.They saw the boy fall f
10、rom the tree.The boy was seen to fall from the tree.4.短语动词结构。相当于及物动词的短语动词也可以有被动语态。如：look after,give up,take care of,pay attention to,make use of,put off,wake up,put out 等。The children are taken good care of.The big fire has been put out.孩子们得到了很好的照顾。大火已经扑灭了。特别注意：1.只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。不及物动词，不及物动词短语或
11、系动词没有被动语态。如：happen,go on,take place,belong to,sound,feel等。Correct mistakes:This room is belonged to me.This music is sounded sweet.belongs tosounds2.有些动词常用主动形式表示被动的意思，如：open,write,read,sell,wash,measure 等。Your article reads well.This type of car sells well in China.This hall measures 100 metres long
12、 and 60 metres wide.It is said that It is reported thatIt is hoped that It is well known that It is believed that It must be pointed out that 3.在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。如：It is reported that another man-made satellite will be sent into the moon next month.Another man-made satellite is reported to besent into
13、the moon next month.据报道,下个月又一颗人造卫星将会被发送到月球上.The three missing sailors are believed tohave drowned.It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned.人们认为这三个失踪的海员已经淹死了.It is said that Li Ping will study abroad.Li Ping is said to study abroad.It is said that Li Ping is studying abroad.Li Ping
14、is said to be studying abroad.Li Ping is said to have studied abroad.Li Ping is said to have been studying abroad.It is said that Li Ping studied abroad.It is said that Li Ping has been studyingabroad.We can use modal verbs in the passive voice to talk about ability,possibility,duty,permission,etc.F
15、irefighters could be trained using RealCine.Computers can calculate the position of the viewer at any time.The position of the viewer can becalculated at any time.Practice:1.The viewer can touch the objects in the film.2.The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement and happiness.3.RealCine might
16、not impress some viewers.The objects in the film can be touched.A real sense of achievement and happiness may be felt.Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCine.4.Teachers could use RealCine in the classroom too.5.Film-makers should use RealCine for all films.6.Scientists ought to develop RealC
17、inefurther.7.The viewer must wear special gloves.RealCine could be used in the classroom too.RealCine should be used for all films.RealCine ought to be developed further.Special gloves must be worn.Feedback:Choose the best answers:1.Is Bob still performing?Im afraid not.He is said _ the stage alread
18、y as he has become an official.A.to have left B.to leaveC.to have been left D.to be left 2.Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York?I agree,but the problem is _ he has refused to.A.will not be sent;that B.not be sent;thatC.should not be sent;what D.should not send;what3.Million
19、s of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.A.has been caused B.had been causedC.will be caused D.will have been caused4.Much attention should _ the rapid increase in the number of cars on the roads,which may_ traffic jams and more accidents.A.pay to;r
20、esult in B.be paid;result fromC.be paid to;result in D.be paid;result from5.She is very shy and she is not used to _ in front of others.A.praise B.praisingC.being praised D.be praised6.What did the students think of the speech made by the lecturer yesterday?To tell you the truth,the students were al
21、l _ with the _speech.A.boring;boring B.boring;boredC.bored;bored D.bored;boring7.My sister _ a good chance to go abroad for further education.A.offered B.was offeringC.has offered D.was offered8.Today many young people enjoy chatting on the net,but their sentences _.A.never read B.are never readC.we
22、rent read D.didnt read9.Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution,but sky is still not clear.A.is used B.are usedC.Have used D.has been used10.George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding?No.I _.Did they have a big wedding?A.Was not invited B.have not been invitedC.had
23、nt been invited D.didnt invitePractice:1.All the employees except the manager _to work online at home.（2004广东）A.encourages B.encourage C.is encouraged D.are encouraged2.The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _to eat more fruit and vegetables.（2004上海）A.persuade B.wi
24、ll persuade C.be persuaded D.are persuaded3.The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _by 2008.（2004 北京)A.has been completedB.has complete C.will have been completed D.will have completed4.More patients _in hospital this year than last year.（2004江苏）A.treated B.hav
25、e treated C.had been treated D.have been treated5.I dont know the restaurant,but its _to be quite a good one.(1995NMET)A.said B.told C.spoken D.talked.6._the sports meet might be put off.Yes,it all depends on the weather.(1995NMET)A.Ive been told B.Ive told C.Im told D.I told7.Cleaning women in big
26、cities usually get _by the hour.(1998NMET)A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay8.The heros story _ differently in the newspaper.(2005全国II)A.was reported B.was reporting C.reports D.reported9.Sarah,hurry up.Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party.（2004全国II）A.get changed B.get change C.get changing D.get to change10.The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _ placed under the Ministers car.(2005广东)A.has been B.was being C.had been D.would beHomework1.Review what we learned today.2.Preview Task.
