1、Unit 4Cyberspace Period SixGrammar单元语法(一)will 与 be going to语法图解语法感悟选词填空：will/be going to1How do you think technology will change our lives?2Peter Taylor finds out how computers and the Internet are_going_to affect our lives.3Now there are around 50 million and this growth is_going_to continue.4It is
2、 clear that we are_going_to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.5She also believes that, in the future, we will get entertainment from the Net and that television will probably disappear.6Personally, I think virtual reality will become a part of modern life.一般将来时表示将来某个时刻发生的动作或存在的状态，常用的两种结构
3、为：助动词shall/will动词原形；be going to动词原形。一、will的用法1表示单纯的未来“将要”，适用于各个人称。They will fly to Beijing in three days.他们三天后将乘飞机去北京。2表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。(客观事实)Today is Saturday. Tomorrow will be Sunday.今天是星期六。明天(将)是星期日。3表示征询对方的意见或客气地邀请或命令。Will you please turn on the radio?请打开收音机好吗？Will you go to the zoo with me
4、?你和我一起去动物园好吗？4表示一种倾向或说话者的推测。He will have got home by now.现在他该到家了。5表示说话者或主语的意愿、决心、意向。I believe our country will become better and better.我相信我们的祖国会越变越好。6表示说话者临时做出的决定。The phone is ringing.来电话了。I will answer it.我来接。7will表示习惯性动作，译作“总是、惯于”。That man is strange. He will sit for hours without saying anything
5、.那人很奇怪，总是坐在那里几个小时，不说一句话。8will 表示物的特征或性能。常用于否定句。The drawer wont shut.抽屉关不上了。9shall/will动词原形(1)两个都用来表示将来发生的事情(2)shall 常和第一人称搭配使用，will 可以和所有人称搭配使用Shall we have dinner together tonight?今天晚上我们一起吃饭好吗？I will let you know about it as soon as we come to any conclusion.我们一得出任何结论，我就会让你知道。即学即用1单句语法填空1Close the
6、door of fear behind you, and you will_see (see) the door of faith open before you.2If it is fine tomorrow, we will_go (go) to the park.3Dick will_be (be) on duty tomorrow.4Ann is in hospital.Oh, really? I didnt know. I will_go (go) and visit her.5Fish will_die (die) without water.二、be going to 的用法“b
7、e going to动词原形”在口语中使用较多。1表示主语的意图，即将做某事。I am going to buy something tomorrow morning.明天早上我要去买些东西。2表示计划或安排要发生的事。We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们打算开班会。3表示根据目前某种情况或迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生。Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain.瞧！乌云密布，天要下雨。即学即用2完成句子1Im_going_to_sell my old
8、 house.我打算卖掉我的旧房子。2Look! The boy is_going_to_fall off the parallel bars!看！这个男孩要从双杠上掉下来了！3What are_you_going_to_do tomorrow?明天你打算做什么？三、will 和 be going to 用法比较1两者都可以表示预测将要发生的事。be going to 强调从目前的证据或迹象表明可能发生某事，或近期、眼下就要发生的事情；而 will 则表示依据直觉、知识、经验等做出的揣测。will 表示的将来时间较远一些。I told you to come early. You are go
9、ing to have trouble.我告诉过你要早来。你要有麻烦了。There will be a day when all computers in the world break down.将来有一天世界上所有的计算机会全部出故障。2两者都用来表示意图。但 be going to do sth.强调“打算”和“意向”；而 will 强调“意愿、愿望”和“意志”。I am not going to argue with you tonight.今晚我不想同你争辩。I wont tell you about it.我不会把此事告诉你。3be going to 表示事先“计划，准备”的意思，
10、而 will 则表示临时决定的事。She is going to lend us her book.她打算借给我们她的书。What, Mary is ill? I will go and see her.什么，玛丽病了？我去看她。4在有条件状语从句的复合句中，主句一般不用 be going to 而多用 will。If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go shopping.如果明天不下雨，我们将出去购物。即学即用3完成句子1Theres someone knocking at the door. I will_go and open it.有人敲门，我去开。
11、2People wont_live without water.没有水，人就不能生存。3I am_going_to have a picnic with my friends tomorrow.我打算明天和朋友们去野炊。4The rain is heavier and heavier, and the river is_going_to be in flood.雨下得越来越大，河水有可能泛滥。四、表示将来的其他形式1be to动词原形表示按计划、安排或按职责、义务或要求必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。常指客观安排。You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids
12、. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.孩子们，你们必须马上上床睡觉，不准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。2be about to动词原形指即将要做，强调近期内或马上要做的事。不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。Hurry up! The train is about to leave.快点儿，火车就要开了。3现在进行时表将来go, come, leave, start, arrive 等非延续性动词可以用现在进行时表将来。Look, the bus is coming!看，公交车来了！I
13、am leaving on Sunday.我礼拜天就走了。4一般现在时表将来日历、时刻表的规定等将来动作常用一般现在时，时间或条件状语从句中表将来，也用一般现在时。The train you will take pulls out at 10：00.你要乘坐的那趟火车10点发车。即学即用4单句语法填空1Her plan is to_be (be) a failure.2Wait a moment! I am_coming (come)3I was about to_leave (leave) when the telephone rang.4The plane takes (take) off
14、 at nine tomorrow morning.单元语法(二)真实条件句和虚拟条件句语法图解语法感悟1If I were not to make preparations for my experiment this afternoon, I would_have_gone (go) to see the film with you last night.2If it is (be) fine, Dad, Mum and I will go camping.3If you go (go) to the Science Museum website, you will_find (find)
15、 lots of good information.4If you tell (tell) me some titles, I will_look (look) for them in the library.5If we had (have) virtual reality holidays, we wouldnt_have (not have) any problems with the weather.6If I were (be) you, I would go with him.英语中的条件状语从句是表示前提或条件的从句结构，分为真实条件句和虚拟条件句(也叫非真实条件句)两大类。一、
16、真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是“如果”的意思。条件状语主句意义例句一般现在时shall/will动词原形未来可能发生的情况。If it rains tomorrow, we wont have the sports meeting.如果明天下雨的话，我们就不举行运动会了。一般现在时祈使句用于向某人提供建议、发出命令。If you know the answer, put up your hands please.如果你们知道答案，请举手。一般现在时一般现在时表示根据条件，经常或总是会发生的事，或是真理。If lions are hungry, they h
17、unt other animals.如果狮子饿了，它们就猎食其他动物。即学即用1单句语法填空1If he has (have) time, he will come.2I wont_go (not go) to her party unless I am invited.3If she telephones (telephone), let me know.4If the weather permits (permit), well go on a picnic tomorrow.二、虚拟条件句1三种基本的虚拟条件句如果表示的条件根本不可能实现或实现的可能性很小，要用虚拟条件句。其主从句都用虚
18、拟语气。具体结构见下表：时间条件状语从句谓语动词的形式主句谓语动词的形式与现在事实相反的假设过去式(be一般用were)动词原形与过去事实相反的假设had过去分词have过去分词与将来事实相反的假设过去式(be一般用were)/should动词原形/were to动词原形动词原形If I had time, I would certainly join you in the tennis match.我要是有时间肯定和你一起打这场网球比赛。If he had taken my advice, he might not have made such a bad mistake.要是他听从我的劝告
19、就不会犯这么严重的错误了。If I had time tomorrow, I would certainly help you.如果我明天有时间的话，我肯定会帮助你的。Even if they were to fail, they wouldnt lose heart.即使他们失败，他们也不会灰心。If I should have a chance to try it, I would do it in another way.要是我有机会试一试，我会用另一种方法的。即学即用2单句语法填空1I would walk to work if I lived (live) near my offic
20、e.2You could have passed the exam if you had_been (be) more careful.3If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way.4The game would have to be called off if it should rain this weekend.2虚拟条件句的几种特殊情况(1)省略 if 的虚拟条件句。if 虚拟条件句中若含有 were, should 或助动词 had，则可以将 if 省略，将这三个词提到句首，构成倒装形式。Had he known
21、 the result, he would not have told his mother the news.If he had known the result, he would not have told his mother the news.如果他知道结果，就不会把消息告诉他妈妈了。Were the young man rich enough, he would support the club.If the young man were rich enough, he would support the club.如果那个年轻人足够富有，他就会支持俱乐部。If it should
22、 rain, the crops would be saved.Should it rain, the crops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就有救了。(2)错综虚拟条件句。当虚拟条件句的从句与主句所指时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据所表示的具体时间做出调整，这种虚拟条件句称为错综虚拟条件句。If he had attended the meeting yesterday, he would know the answer to the question now.如果他昨天参加了会议，他现在就知道问题的答案了。(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反)If you were i
23、n better health, I would have let you go with them.如果你身体状况好一点的话，我就让你跟他们一起去了。(从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反)(3)含蓄条件句有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中，不出现 if 条件句，而是以介词短语、并列句、副词、非谓语动词的形式出现，这种句子我们称其为“含蓄条件句”。常见的介词(短语)有 without.“没有”，but for.“要不是”；连词有 but“但是”，or“不然”；副词有 otherwise“否则的话”。But for the rain, we should have had a pleasant
24、 journey.如果不是因为下雨，我们旅途会很愉快。He would have given you more help, but he was so busy at that time.他本可以给你更多的帮助，但那时他太忙了。即学即用3单句语法填空1If it had_snowed (snow) last night, it might be very cold today.2If I had_taken (take) the train yesterday, I should be at home now.3Without electricity, human life would_be
25、(be) quite different today.4Should he come, tell him to ring me up.5Had she been here five minutes earlier she would have seen her old friend.单句语法填空1Come early and you will_see (see) her.2If you dont lose heart, you will_succeed (succeed)3They are going_to_help (help) farmers pick apples.4If the tea
26、cher asked (ask) me to solve the problem next time, I could try my best.5If you had_taken (take) the medicine yesterday, you would be well now.6Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.7Shall we go to the party together this afternoon?8They want to know when the meeting will_start (start)9I will_g
27、o (go) with you if I have time.10Hurry up! Or we will_be (be) late.完成句子1If I should_see/were_to_see/saw_him tomorrow, I would invite him home.如果明天见到他，我会邀请他到我家。2He hopes that his business will_grow_steadily.他希望他的生意能稳步发展。3They_will_go_to visit the factory tomorrow.明天他们将去工厂参观。4If he calls, tell him Ill
28、_ring_him_back.如果他来电话，告诉他我会给他回电话。5The ship would_have_sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain.要不是因为船长的努力，我们就会连船带人都沉没了。6If you had_taken_my_advice then, you wouldnt be in trouble now.如果当时你采纳我的意见，你现在就不会有麻烦了。7If I were_ten_years_younger,_I would start all over again.如果我再年轻10岁，我就会从头开始。8Had it not been for you, I would_have_lost_my_way.当时要不是你，我就迷路了。9Dad and I are_going_to_see a Beijing Opera this afternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看京剧。10I was about_to_do_my_homework_when my father came in.我正要做作业，这时我爸爸突然进来了。
