1、Unit 22 Environmental ProtectionLesson 1 Global WarmingPeriodII GrammarIn this lesson,well be able to1.understand the structure of reporting .2.practise using reporting verbs to report short dialogues.Structure 1A terrible earthquake happened at 2:00 this afternoon in Sichun.Did you watch the 7:00 n
2、ews?No.What happened?It was reported that a terrible earthquake had happened in Sichun.Lead in The girl is reporting what the woman said in the news.I am paid too little!Did you hear what Mr Li said?No.What did he say?He complained that he was paid too little.The young man is reportingwhat the other
3、 man said on the phone.It was reported that a terrible earthquake had happened in Sichun.He complained that he was paid too little.These are reporting(转述).Have you found the similarity of the two sentences?reported that complained thatReporting2 Gases pumped into the Earths atmosphere have been spee
4、ding up the process of global warming.1.Scientists have reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earths climate.to claim that5 Global warming will cause dramatic climate changes including more frequent floods,heat waves,and droughts.3 Global warming could be one of the biggest environme
5、ntal problems facing the 21st century.to believe thatto insist that4 Global warming is mostly due to human activities.to warn thatUse the verb in brackets to report the following sentences.Practice 1 1.Julia:The wave seemed to crash our car.(said)2.Roddy:I really want to a director.(admitted)3.Juddy
6、:I acted in my first hollywood film.(cried)Practice 1 1.Julia:The wave seems to crash our car.(said)2.Roddy:I really want to be a director.(admitted)3.Juddy:Julia said that the wave seemed to crash their car.Roddy admitted that he really wanted to be a director.Im the best student in this school!Jud
7、dy boasted that he/she is the best student in that school.Summary 1 Verb+that:动词+that(即：that 引导的宾语从句)用于这种结构的常见动词：admit,agree,believe,claim,complain,declare,explain,insist,suggest,warn,remind,boast.Structure 2Youd better go to the presentationPractice 2What Miss Sun talk to you?She suggested goingto
8、the presentation.Use the verb in brackets to report the following sentences.Practice 2 1.Lily:Wed better go for a walk.(suggested)2.Susan:I didnt cheat at examinations.(denied)3.Rose:Shall we have a cup of tea?(Suggested)Lily suggested going for a walk.Susan denied cheating at examinations.Rose sugg
9、ested having/that we should have a cup of tea.Summary 2 Verb+“-ing”form:动词+动词“-ing”形式用于这种结构的常见动词：suggest,deny,admit.Structure 3please do not proceed beyond railDid you hear what the policeman said?No.What did he say?He warned you not toproceed beyond rail.Practice 3Match the sentences with appropria
10、te reporting verbs from the list.Then write the reported sentences.forbid,invite,order1.Why dont you drop in tonight?2.Stand up immediately!3.You cant use your dictionaries during the test.He/She/They invited me to drop in tonight.He/She/They invited me to drop in tonight.He/She/They ordered me to s
11、tand up immediately.He/She/They ordered me to stand up immediately.He/She/They forbade us to use our dictionaries duringHe/She/They forbade us to use our dictionaries duringthe test.the test.Practice 3Summary 3 Verb+Sb.to do sth.动词+不定式短语用于这种结构的常见动词：advise,order,invite,forbid,ask,tell warn.DialoguesR
12、eport the dialogues using the reporting verbs given.agree,complain,suggest,insistBill:Im so fed up with washing-up.Why cant we buy a dishwasher?Claire:OK,but the washing-up will still be your job!Bill complained that he was fed up with washing-up and suggested buying a dishwasher.Claire agreed but i
13、nsisted that the washing-up would still be his job.Sample for Dialogue 1Dialogue 2advise,wonder,admit,explain Tina:Why do you always wear black?Jill:I think it suits me,but its true,perhaps its a bit dull.Tina:If I were you,Id wear brighter colours.Dialogue 3refuse,beg,warn,offer David:Please,please
14、 help me revise for my biology test!Chris:Sorry,I cant help you today,but I can tomorrow.Just dont expect me to know everthing!Keys to dialogues 2&32.Tina wondered why Jill always wore black.Jill explained that she thought it suited her but she admitted that it might look a bit dull.Tina advised her
15、 not wear brighter colours.3.David begged Chris to help him revise for his biology test.Chris refused to do it that day but offered to help him the following day.He warned David not to expect him to know everything.Use the following verbs to report the two dialogues.(Ex 9 on P7)a)admit,advise,promis
16、e,warnTom:I dont think you should play the game today,John.John:Youre right.Im still a little bit ill,but I promise I wont overdo it.Tom advised John not to play the game today.John admitted that Tom was right because he was a little bit ill.He promised not to overdo it.选做Tom:Be careful.If you yun a
17、round too much in this weather you may get another attack of the“flu”.Tom warned John to be careful because if he ran aound too much in the weather he might get another attack of the flu.b)accuse,beg,complain,deny,explain,refuse Daughter:Mum,please,will you buy me this CD?Ive always wanted it.Mother
18、:Sarah,you know I cant afford it.Why do you always ask me to buy you expensive things?Sarah begged her mother to buy her the CD because she always wanted it.Her mother refused and explained that she couldntHer mother refused and explained that she couldntafford it.She complained that her daughter wa
19、s always afford it.She complained that her daughter was always asking her to buy her expensive thingsasking her to buy her expensive thingsThe daughter denied this.She accused her mother of never buying her the things she wanted but only the things her mother liked.Daughter:Thats not ture.You just n
20、ever buy me things that I want,only those that you like!HomeworkEx 1，2 On P52SUMMARY转述结构中，用连词that引导宾语从句时，从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.附加材料：转述前转述后一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.”The teacher said that the sun is bigger than the ear
21、th.注:直接引语若是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变.直接引语间接引语指示代词时间状语地点状语方向性动词 this,that,these thosenow,then,todaythat day this week that week yesterday the day before last weekthe week beforefour days agofour days beforethe day before yesterday two days before tomorrow the next daynext monththe next month here there come,
22、go,bring takeDirect SpeechIndirect SpeechShe asked,“Have you seen the film?”She asked,“Have you seen the film?”She asked me whetherif I had seen the film.He asked,“Are you a doctor,John?”He asked John ifwhether he was a doctor.She asked us,“Where are you going to get off?”She asked us,“Where are you
23、 going to get off?”She asked us where we were going to get off.He asked them,“Who gave you a talk yesterday?”He asked them who had given them a talk the day before.SUMMARY直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。解题步骤:1.陈述句:“I dont like computers,”Sarah said to her friends
24、.Sarah said to her friends that I dont likecomputers.saiddidntsheSarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.2.一般疑问句:Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?(They asked him)They asked him ifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.3.特殊疑问句：When do you harvest the wheat?(They asked him)They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heheharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.
