1、Lesson 21Daniel MendozaNew Words boxing boxer bare prizefighter crude marquis technically science popularity adore 拳击 拳击手 赤裸的 职业拳击手 粗野的 侯爵 严格根据法律意义地 科学 名望 崇拜，爱戴 alike fame eminent bitterly bet academy extravagant poverty match rule 一样地 名声 著名地 厉害地 打赌 专业学校 浪费的 贫困 比赛 规则 figure tremendous attention quar
2、rel defeat fist swiftly solve ring champion 人物 极大的，惊人的 注意 吵架 击败，战胜 拳头 很快地 解决 拳击场 冠军 boxing n.拳击box v.拳击 match:（有输赢结果的）比赛 game：（有规则的）比赛the Asian Games 亚运会the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会 contest（由评委评出结果的）比赛a beauty contest 选美大赛English speech contest 英语讲演比赛 competition 竞赛，竞争competition for job 工作竞赛 race（与速度有
3、关的）比赛a swimming race 游泳比赛a boat race 划船比赛a bicycle race 自行车比赛1.Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago.2.In those days,boxers fought with bare fists for prize money.fight v.1)to take part in a war or battleeg.Vietnam fought France and then the US for over 30 years.越南先后与法国和美
4、国作战三十多年。3)fight for=struggle for fight to the independence of the nation 为祖国的独立而奋斗fight for freedom 争取自由bare adj.赤裸的；光秃的；没有家具的bare hands 徒手;bare fists 赤手空拳;bare feet 赤脚【联想】naked adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的1)naked fields 不毛之地；naked trees 光秃秃的树3.Because of this,they were known as prizefighters1).due to this,owing to
5、 this,thanks to(幸亏；由于）,on account of this（一般不出现在口语中）as a result of(作为的结果，由于）例句：The delay was due to heavy traffic.He failed owing to carelessness.Thanks to the bad weather,the match was cancelled.That was on account of the lack of exercise.Hundreds of people lost their homes as a result of the war.2
6、）be known as 被称作come to be known to sb.as sth.被人称作例句：They came to be known to us as fighters.4.However,boxing was very crude,for there were no rules and a prizefighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match.crude adj.粗野的；粗俗的；粗鲁的；原始的；生的 crude jokes/manners/behaviour crude oil 原油【联想】
7、rude adj.（not polite)粗鲁的；(simple)简单的，粗略的a rude wooden chair 粗制烂造的木椅 a rude sketch 草图；草稿 rough adj.粗糙的a rough track led to the farm 通往农场的崎岖小路a rough estimate 粗略的估计;a rough temper 粗暴的脾气rough skin 粗糙的皮肤；（delicate skin 细致的皮肤）2)be seriously injured 受重创be badly injured 受重创 be slightly injured 受轻伤injure 受外
8、伤injure ones pride 使自尊心（信心）受到打击eg.His failure in the competition injured his self-esteem.wound（在作战）刀剑刺伤hurt hurt ones feelings 伤害别人的情感harm 对有害，伤害eg.It will harm your eyes if you read in the sun.5.One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza,who was born in 1764.figure n.人物c
9、olourful figure 引人注目的人物 legendary figure 传奇式的人物例句：One of the most legendary figures in literary history is Jack London,who was famous for The Call of The Wild.在文学史上最富传奇式的人物当属杰克伦敦，他以野性的呼唤而闻名。One of the most colourful figures in military history is Napoleon Bonaparte.在军事史上最富光彩的人物当属拿破伦。6.The use of glo
10、ves was not introduced until 1860,when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules.1)gloves（五指分开的）手套 mitten（四指合并的）手套2）introduce sth into/from 引进eg.These friendly dogs were first introduced from Asia.3)draw up 起草eg.draw up a contract 起草一份合同draw up an agreement 起草一份协议4)a set of rules 一套规
11、则 表示成套的事物的量词 a set of toy bricks 一套积木7.Though he was technically a prizefighter,Mendoza did much to change crude prizefighting into a sport,for he brought science to the game.1)did much to do sth.为做出了很大的贡献（much代词）例句：Mr Deng did much to improve the peoples living standard.Chairman Mao did much to cha
12、nge an old China into a prosperous socialist country.do little to do sth.eg.His arrival did little to solve the problem.make a great/an outstanding contribution to do/towards sth.对作出很大贡献Eg.They have made outstanding contribution towards fighting against SARS.2).to changeintoeg.change desert into far
13、mland 把沙漠变良田change into his overalls 换上工作服3)bring to 引进，带入bring tears to eyes 热泪盈眶bring the fact to light 公诸于世，曝光eg.Gambling brings him to ruin.赌博使他身败名裂。bring sb to fame 功成bring sth to ones attention 引起某人的注意technically speaking=strictly speaking 严格地讲8.In his day,Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity
14、.He was adored by rich and poor alike.1)in his day 在他的鼎盛时期enjoy the best moment of life 尽情享受人生最辉煌的时期in her heyday 全盛时期in my school days 在我的学生时代2)alike adj.（表语）相似的；adv.（in a similar way）look alike/be alike（看上去长的）相似例句：The twins were dressed alike.这对双胞胎穿着打扮一模一样。I learned a lot from teachers and student
15、s alike.3)rich and poor 反义词同时出现表示整体black and white 白与黑day and night 日日夜夜例句：Mothers absolutely adore their children.Pop stars must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds which idolize them.【联想】worship v.崇拜 worship idols/heroes admire v.钦佩；羡慕；崇拜；欣赏admire sb.for sth.I admire her for her bravery
16、.They admired the beauty of the garden.admire the view 欣赏风景adore v.崇拜；爱戴；极喜欢；迷恋enjoy/win/gain high popularity 享有、赢得盛誉例句：“White Cat”soap powder enjoys tremendous popularity for its good quality.LuXun enjoys tremendous popularity in Chinese Literature.popular adj.（文）公众的；人民的；普及的；普遍的；popular government
17、民主政府；popular opinion 舆论;popular price价钱低廉;popular superstition 民间迷信popularity n.出名；受大家喜爱9.Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match when he was only fourteen years old.This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England.1)attract ones attention 引起
18、了某人的注意（attract the attention of sb.）draw ones attention；occupy ones attention arrest ones attention;capture ones attention win ones attention;come to ones attention 2)rise to fame 名声雀起Rise to the top of ones profession 成为行业中的佼佼者 fame n.名气；名望（褒义词）win fame赢得名声;rise to fame一举成名；名声显赫;come to fame名声鹊起;fa
19、me and fortune名与利eg.The young musician rose quickly to fame.reputation n.名气；名望（中性词）win/earn/establish a reputation eg.His kindness won him a reputation as a good man.live up to ones reputation 名不虚传；不负众望eg.The eccentric lived up to his reputation and arrived late again.have a good/bad/high reputation
20、 for./as eg.He achieved/acquired/attained an international reputation as a painter.an eminent scientist Eg.Churchill was one of the worlds most eminent statement.【联想】distinguished adj.著名的，卓越的，突出的a distinguished physician/chemist/visitor 尊贵的客人Eg.He is distinguished for his knowledge of economics/as a
21、n economist.eminent adj.著名的，杰出的，突出的10.He offered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn.be quick to learn 学的比较快be slow to learn 学的比较慢eg.The little boy is slow to learn maths but quick to learn English.11.In fact,Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphries turned against him.tur
22、n against 1)变得对不满eg.The little boy turned against his mother after he got a new-born sister.2)背叛turn against ones motherland 背叛祖国turn against ones old friend 背叛朋友turn against ones principles 违背原则12.The two men quarreled bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight.set
23、tled an argument(达到和解)解决问题end an argument 结束一个争端settle a quarrel 解决纠纷settle a dispute 解决争端solve:to find or provide a way of dealing with a problem 找到解决问题的方法solve a problem 解决问题solve a case破案solve the murder 找到凶手dissolve a marriage 解除婚约例句：He was bitterly disappointed.他非常失望。She swept bitterly.她失声痛哭。bi
24、tter tears 苦涩的泪水;bitter winter严冬;bitter blames苛责;bitter enemies劲敌;bitter quarrels/fights 激烈的争吵bitter past/memories 痛苦的过去、回忆bitterly adv.厉害地；苦苦地；强烈地1)meet 作战，交手，较量met Humphries in the ring 再度在拳台交锋（交手）eg.China meets Chinese Taipei.中国队对战中国台北队。2)on a later occasion 还有一次 on an occasion 有一次on this occasio
25、n 这一次on several occasions 有几回on occasion:from time to time 偶尔，时不时的 eg.I have on occasion visited her at home.我偶尔去她家拜访她。14.Mendoza met Humphries in the ring on a later occasion and he lost for a second time.champion 冠军runner-up 亚军3rd-place 季军gold medal 金牌silver medal 银牌bronze medal 铜牌It is not until+
26、时间+that 强调句型例句：It was not until midnight that it stopped raining.It was not until the beginning of this century that scientists discovered a cure for this disease.Not until+时间+助动词+that Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know that heat(热能)is.15.It was not until his third match in 1
27、790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England.extravagant adj.浪费的，奢侈的；挥霍无度的 extravagant/luxurious habits 奢侈挥霍的习惯be extravagant in food and dress讲吃讲穿 extravagance n.奢侈，挥霍 live in extravagance 生活奢侈 be in debt 负债累累18.Despite this,he was so extravagant that he was always in debt.be f
28、orgotten 被遗忘了be left in the cold被冷淡了（淡忘了）eg.The old lady who used to be a highly successful actress now is left in the cold.这位老夫人过去是一位非常成功的演员现在已经被人们淡忘了19.After he was defeated by boxer called Gentleman Jackson,he was quickly forgotten.Phrases extravagant habits be in debt on a later occasion turn against be quick to learn be seriously injured be known as attract ones attention rise to fame 奢侈挥霍的习惯 负债累累 还有一次 变得对不满 学的比较快 受重创 被称作 引起了某人的注意 名声雀起 enjoy/win/gain high popularity in his day technically speaking=strictly speakingdraw up a set of rules 享有、赢得盛誉 在他的鼎盛时期 严格地讲 起草 一套规则
