1、核心语法必备专题五 并列连词、3大从句和特殊句式英 语2022内 容 索 引要点精讲破疑解难 对点演练精准提升要点精讲破疑解难 重点一重点二重点三重点一 并列连词重点一重点二重点三重点二 3大从句考点1定语从句重点一重点二重点三重点一重点二重点三提示(1)当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词,如point,situation,case,stage等时,如果引导词在从句中做状语,常用关系副词where引导定语从句。(2)先行词occasion意为“时机”时,用关系副词when引导定语从句;意为“场合”时,用关系副词where引导定语从句。(3)当先行词way意为“方法;方式”,且在从句中做状语时,可
2、用that,in which或省略关系词这三种形式。重点一重点二重点三(4)若介词放在关系代词之前,关系代词指人时常用whom,指物时常用which。另外,whose也可以放在介词后,构成“介词+whose+名词”结构。He is the person on whom you can depend.他是你可以信赖的人。He was the man from whose room the thief had stolen the bag.他就是被小偷从房间里偷走包的那个人。重点一重点二重点三(5)“名词/代词/数词+介词+关系代词”结构He told us a story in English,
3、the meaning of which I couldnt understand completely.他用英语给我们讲了一个故事,我不能完全理解它的意思。There are about 400 students in our grade,most of whom are from Haidian District.我们年级大约有400名学生,其中大多数来自海淀区。重点一重点二重点三考点2状语从句重点一重点二重点三考点3名词性从句重点一重点二重点三重点三 特殊句式(祈使句、感叹句、省略句、强调句、倒装句)考点1祈使句、感叹句和省略句1.祈使句祈使句用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。祈
4、使句的主语一般为第二人称(通常省略)。祈使句的4种形式:动词原形(+宾语+其他成分);Be+表语,如Be honest.;Lets/Let us do/not do sth.;祈使句+and/or+简单句(简单句谓语用一般将来时)。重点一重点二重点三2.感叹句(1)what引导的感叹句What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!What+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!What lovely children they are!他们是多么可爱的孩子啊!重点一重点二重点三(2)how引导的感叹句How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!How+adj./a
5、dv.+主语+谓语!How+主语+谓语!How interesting a story it is!=What an interesting story it is!这是多么有趣的一个故事啊!重点一重点二重点三3.省略句省略是高考经常涉及的语法点,常考的几种省略情况如下:(1)状语从句的省略:在when,while,if,as if,though,as,whether等连词引导的状语从句中,如果谓语中有be,且从句的主语又和主句的主语相同或是it,则从句的主语和be常常省略。(2)不定式中的省略:在一定的上下文中为了避免重复,可以省略不定式中和前面句子中相同的动词(短语),只保留不定式符号to
6、,否定形式的省略用not to,但如果省略的不定式结构中含有be或have(做助动词用),通常保留be或have。(3)if引导的虚拟条件句的省略:当if从句中有had,should,were时,可以省略if,同时把had,should,were置于句首。重点一重点二重点三考点2强调句强调句是高中语法的难点,在理解强调句时,学生要注意以下6点:1.被强调部分指人时,连接词用that/who都可以;指物时,用that。2.强调句的一般疑问句结构:Is/Was+it+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分。3.强调句的特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分?W
7、hen was it that he made up his mind to take this course?他是什么时候决定选修这门课程的?重点一重点二重点三4.含not.until.的强调句型:It is/was not until+.+that+其他部分。5.把强调句中的“It is/was.that/who”去掉之后,句子依然成立。6.如果需要强调谓语,应用助动词do,does或did。The family did manage to send him to a technical school.家里的确设法送他去上了技术学校。重点一重点二重点三考点3倒装句1.部分倒装(1)将含有否
8、定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有:never,seldom,rarely,little,few,at no time,by no means,no longer,hardly/scarcely.when.,no sooner.than.,not only.but also.,not until,nowhere,neither.nor.等。Not until I lost my job did I realise I should improve my working skills.直到我失业了,我才意识到我应该提高我的工作技能。重点一重点二重点三(2)“only+状
9、语”置于句首时,主句要进行部分倒装。Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others.只有当你能找到内心的平静,你才能和别人保持良好的关系。(3)so/such.that.结构中的so,such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时,主句要用部分倒装。Such great progress did he make that he was praised.他取得了如此大的进步,以至于受到了表扬。重点一重点二重点三(4)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时,用倒装结构“so/
10、neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义,neither/nor表示否定意义)。I saw the film last week,so did she.我上周看了那部电影,她也看了。重点一重点二重点三2.完全倒装当here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,away,on the wall,in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首,且句子主语为名词时,句子用完全倒装结构。The Public Square is an eye-catching spot of the city.There stand man
11、y stone sculptures of famous historical figures.大众广场是这个城市引人注目的地方,许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那里。对点演练精准提升.单句语法填空1.He said that the industry shouldnt be pushed forward by capital by creativity.2.Most tea has caffeine in it,makes you feel more active.3.WHO will offer member states a series of suggestions are aimed at
12、 controlling the spread of the disease and providing support to the affected areas.4.But really makes the system stand out is the bright colour code.5.It is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future.butwhichthat/whichwhatthat6.Some of these mummies had so many items they
13、 weighed more than 500 pounds.7.“He hasnt got any hobbies you call playing games on the computer a hobby,”Mr Lin said.8.On the night,they were awoken by sweet music,was played by a band of children in shining garments.9.Now the question is we can get rid of fear.10.When faced with danger,dont panic,
14、you will find a solution.thatunlesswhichhowand.微语法填空1.In half a century,the Internet has transformed society.Billions of us can connect at the touch of a button.Access to information,banks shops has never been easier.The world has changed dramatically and continues to do so in ways we couldnt have i
15、magined.However,the Internet isnt without disadvantages.By design,it has no central authority,makes protecting people online or dealing with misinformation a near-impossible task.the Internet develops will have an impact on our future.If the past 50 years has been dominated by free and open exchange
16、s,the next 50 will be about whether rules and restrictions can actually make the Internet a better place.答案and解析 空格前的information,banks和空格后的shops是并列关系,故用连词and。答案 that/which解析 空格处引导定语从句,先行词是ways,从句中imagined后缺少宾语,应用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。答案 which解析 空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,关系词指代主句的全部内容,应用which引导非限制性定语从句。答案 How解析
17、分析句子成分可知,空格处引导主语从句,且在从句中做方式状语,故用How引导主语从句。2.Nowadays,the reason young people are suffering from greater loneliness and pressure is partly the cost of living has been rising.They are so busy working all day in a competitive environment they have little time for fun and friends.That may explain more a
18、nd more young people are choosing to keep pets for companionship.Apart from relieving loneliness,there is evidence keeping a pet reduces stress and may even improve overall health.答案 why解析 分析句子成分可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词是reason,故用关系副词why引导定语从句。答案 that解析 空格处引导表语从句,从句在句意和结构上均完整,故用that引导表语从句。The reason why.is that.“的原因是”。答案 that解析 句意:他们整天忙于在一个竞争的环境中工作,没有时间娱乐和与朋友相处。根据句意和该句中的so可知,此处是so.that.“如此以至于”结构,故填that。答案 why解析 分析句子成分可知,空格处引导宾语从句,且从句中缺少状语,结合上文提到的年轻人忙于工作,没时间娱乐和交友可知,此处解释年轻人养宠物的原因,故用why引导宾语从句。答案 that解析 分析句子成分可知,空格处引导同位语从句,先行词是evidence,从句在结构和意义上均完整,应用that引导同位语从句。本课结束
