1、新知导引1(教材P34)The time _ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.2(教材P34)It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to _ I went for advice.3(教材P34)He was generous with his time,for _ I was grateful.4(教材P34)The school _ I studied for only two years was three kilometres aw
2、ay.whenwhomwhichwhere5(教材P34)However,this was a time _ one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.6(教材P34).until today we have reached a stage _we have almost no rights at all.7(教材P34)The places outside the towns_ they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.8(教材P34).we
3、were put into a position in _ we had either to accept we were less important,or fight the government.whenwherewherewhich语法详解定语从句除了由关系代词引导外，还可由关系副词when,where,why引导，它们在从句中作状语。1关系副词when引导的定语从句when表示时间，代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time,day,hour,year等。We will never forget the year when the 29th Olym
4、pic Games were held in Beijing.我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。He lived in a time when the blind couldnt get much education.他生活在一个盲人得不到教育的时期。温馨提示：when是关系副词，在从句中只能作状语，而不能作宾语或主语。关系词如果在从句中作主语或宾语要用关系代词which或that，作宾语时常常省略关系代词。Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(
5、when在从句中作状语)Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which作spent的宾语)2关系副词where引导的定语从句where表示地点，代替先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如place,factory,house,village等。The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.我十年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。He is now worki
6、ng in the factory where his father worked.现在他正在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。温馨提示：(1)若表示地点的先行词在从句中不作地点状语时，不可用where来引导定语从句，若作主语或宾语时，应用which或that来引导定语从句。This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。(定语从句中缺少主语，所以用which/that，不用where)The school(which/that)we visited yesterday
7、is newly built.我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。(关系代词which/that在从句中作宾语)(2)一些特殊名词后用where引导定语从句。如果定语从句前面的先行词是point,situation,condition,stage和case等，且在从句中作状语时，应用where来引导定语从句。We have come to the point where we have to face such a problem.我们已到了必须面对这样一个问题的地步了。Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see th
8、emselves differently.把孩子们放到一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中，这对他们有帮助。3.关系副词why引导的定语从句why表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason这个词。I dont know the reason why he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。Can you tell me the reason why you didnt come to his birthday party?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因
9、吗？温馨提示：若先行词reason在从句中不作状语，而作主语或宾语时，应用that或which来引导定语从句。I wont listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用which/that，不用why)The reason why/for which you failed,I think,was that you had not followed your mothers advice.我认为你失败的原因是你没有听你母亲的忠告。(定语从句中缺少状语，所以用why或for whi
10、ch)4“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词which”。选用介词的依据：(1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.
11、刚才和你们说话的老太太是一个著名的艺术家。(3)根据句子的意思来选择。My computer,without which I cant surf the Internet,broke down yesterday.昨天我的电脑坏了，没有它我不能网上冲浪。(4)表“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，常用.of which/whom引导定语从句。I have about ten books,half of which were written by Mo Yan.我有大约10本书，其中一半是莫言写的。The old man has two sons,both of whom are lawyers
12、.这位老人有两个儿子，两个儿子都是律师。温馨提示：在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化)，如look after,look for等。The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正)The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误)考情分析关系副词和“介词which”引导的定语从句是定语从句考查的重点和难点，尤其是“介词which”引导的定语从句中介词的选择。另外，当先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词
13、时，要用哪个关系词还要看关系词在定语从句中所作的成分。口诀助记(口诀一)定语从句真奇妙，关系代(副)词来引导，定语从句分两种，是否限定看逗号。(口诀二)which指物who指人，地点where时间when，that人或物均可，why之前是reason。即时训练.单句填空1We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,_ the weather may be better.2He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.3Many people
14、were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger.whenwherewhere.完成句子1一些学龄前儿童去日间托儿所，在那里他们学习简单的游戏和歌曲。Some pre-school children go to a day care center _simple games and songs.2今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者不能正确使用语言的情况。Today,well discuss a number of cases _fail to use th
15、e language properly.3.我迟到的原因是我的车在路上抛锚了。The reason _ was that my car broke down on the way.where they learnwhere new English learnerswhy I was late4我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得信息的时代。We live in an age _ is available with greater ease than ever before.5许多国家现在都在建立国家公园，在那里动植物可以受到保护。Many countries are now setting
16、 up _ animals and plants can be protected.when informationnational parks where.单句填空1I wish to thank Professor Smith,without _ help I would never have got this far.2He may win the competition,in _ case he is likely to get into the national team.3He wrote many childrens books,nearly half of _ were pub
17、lished in the 1990s.4Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon _ school education depends.5I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _(study)Chinese in the school,most of _ were from Germany.whosewhichwhichwhichstudyingwhom.根据句意在空白处填入相应的“介词关系代词”1The clever boy made a hole i
18、n the wall,_ he could see what was happening inside the house.2The age _ children can go to school is seven.3The dog,_ she used to be afraid,is her favourite animal now.4The speed _ Tom drives his car is too high.5Tom is the boy _ I went to the cinema together.through whichat whichof whichat whichwi
19、th whom.单句语法填空1We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.2We visited the car factory _ my uncle once worked three years ago.3He didnt tell me the reason _ he was so excited.4Do you still remember the day _ we met on the train for the first time?5The school _ he
20、 once worked is famous for its beautiful scenery.6Could you tell me something about the girl _ father is an astronaut?whenwherewhywhenwherewhose7Is this the classroom _ the old soldier is going to give us a speech?8Ill never forget the time _ we spent together in the army camp.9Ill never forget the
21、day _ I joined the League.10I know the girl _ the teacher talked with yesterday.11National Day is a special day _ we should keep in mind.12I will never forget the winter holiday _ we stayed together.wherethat/whichwhenwhomwhich/thatwhen.单句改错1The book which cover is broken was bought by Tom yesterday
22、._2In Beijing we visited the Birds Nest which the 29th Olympics were held._3I dont believe the reason why he explained to me just now._4I will never forget the day on that I first came to his beautiful school._whichwhosewhichwherewhythat/whichthatwhich5Have you visited the city where was named after
23、 the first president of the USA?_6There was a period of time in his childhood that he liked listening to stories very much._7This is the factory which he worked ten years ago._8He got to the station at five thirty where the bus had already left._wherewhichthatwhenwhichwherewherewhen.语法与写作1The reason
24、 _ was that he was ill in bed.他不能到那里去的原因是他卧病在床。2We are living in an age _ on computer.我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑上做的时代。3After graduation he returned to the small town _.毕业以后，他回到那个他长大的小镇上。why he could not go therewhen many things are donewhere/in which he grew up4I dont like the way_.我不喜欢你跟你父母讲话的方式。5The house _ in the terrible fire has been repaired.那间在大火中被毁坏的屋子已经被重新修好了。6Ill never forget the days _.我永远也不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。(that/in which)you spoke to your parentswhich was destroyedwhen I worked together with you
