1、 2021-2022第二学期高考前模拟练习高三英语第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Oleita, a 26-year-old environmentalist from Detroit, thinks she may have a partial solution for two problems: garbage and poverty. Its called the Chip Bag Project. She is encouraging
2、snack lovers to donate their _1_ chip bags rather than throw them away, so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.The idea came to Oleita two years ago when she came across a woman in England_2_ viewers how to put chip bags together to make sleeping bags on Facebook. _3_, she decided
3、to use that video as a blueprint to start the Chip Bag Project.Oleita and her volunteers get chip bags of all brands and sizes. After cleaning them in soapy hot water, they _4_ them open, lay them flat and iron them together. They use the material from old coats to _5_ the insides. Each sleeping bag
4、 requires 150 chip bags and takes around four hours to complete.Since 2020, the project has _6_ more than 800, 000 chip bags and, as of last December, created 110 sleeping bags. Sure, it would be simpler to _7_ money to buy new sleeping bags. But thats not enough. “We are committed to providing _8_
5、for those in need, making an impact not only socially, but environmentally, ” Oleita says.And, of course, theres the symbolism of recycling bags that would _9_ land in the trash and using them to help the homeless. Its a powerful reminder that pollution and poverty often go hand in hand. As Oleita s
6、aid, “I think its time to show_10_ between all of these issues. ”1. A. cleanB. specialC. emptyD. new2. A. showingB. askingC. sendingD. observing3. A. AstonishedB. InspiredC. DisappointedD. Embarrassed4. A. pushB. sliceC. knockD. swing5. A. decorateB. matchC. adjustD. cover6. A. purchasedB. soldC. co
7、llectedD. produced7. A. raiseB. borrowC. earnD. save8. A. relaxationB. innovationC. instructionD. relief9. A. stillB. almostC. hardlyD. otherwise10. A. conflictsB. similaritiesC. connectionsD. distinctions【答案】1 C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. C第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未
8、给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Mrs. Bailey was important in the educational journey that carried me through school and into my profession. Until I joined her class, I hadnt believed in my ability as a writer. She _11_ (persuade) me to join the poetry society and lit in me a fire for lit
9、erature. She recognised _12_ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. Because of the confidence she inspired in me, Ive carved out a _13_ (success) profession as a journalist.【答案】11. persuaded 12. my 13. successfulB阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处
10、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Some university students carried out a campaign _14_ they celebrated their whole day without cell phones. This move was to improve their relationships with their near and dear ones and to keep them away from the virtual (虚拟的) life. _15_ (study) indicate that a majority of young people
11、 used their phones during lessons, over family meals or even at the cinema. The problem of phone addiction (成瘾) has been observed since a few years ago, with experts and psychologists _16_ (try) to increase awareness about this problem.【答案】14. where 15. Studies 16. tryingC阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅
12、填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。The tiger shark _17_ (consider) to be one of the most dangerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dangerous? First, they like to live _18_ waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter (遭遇) are much greater. Second, tiger sharks are so
13、 strong and aggressive that they can _19_ (easy) hit a person. And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfectly _20_ (design) for cutting their food, so it is certain that the damage will be disastrous.【答案】17. is considered/has been considered 18. in 19. easily 20. designed第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小
14、题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIf youre looking to buy a gift for your children, why not keep up with the trend and get the best hoverboard?What is a Hoverboard?A hoverboard is a two-wheeled personal transportation device. Its electrical, portable and became highly popular in
15、 2015 in reference to a popular 1980s movie. Typically, this self-balancing device operates like a powered skateboard.How Does a Hoverboard Work?The device may have many designs, but the mechanism itself isnt complicated. Basically, a standard hoverboard contains:Battery: stores the electrical power
16、. Almost all hoverboards use a high-watt lithium-ion battery.Gyroscope (one for each wheel): allows riders to tilt (倾斜) the hoverboard while maintaining balance and adjusting their direction.Motor (one in each wheel): provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider balanced and upright.Logic boar
17、d: functions as the hoverboard brain. It processes data your speed, tilt, etc. and sends information to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed.All the above components work together to control the power and tilt of the hoverboards so the rider is balan
18、ced, upright and moving at a controlled speed.Why Buy a Hoverboard?Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool. Youve probably seen kids riding one around the house. Theyre a phenomenon and everybody wants in. So, why deny your kids and prevent them from being part of this trend?Where is a hoverboard legal?De
19、spite their wild popularity, hoverboards have yet to become “street-legal”. Currently, some places prohibit anyone under 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions and public places, like campus buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway stations. Some places h
20、ave also put speed limits on the devices and restricted their use to bike paths. However, open areas including your yard are free of these restrictions.21 The logic board of a hoverboard can _.A. store electricityB power the wheelsC. send information to the ridersD. receive data and give command22.
21、According to the passage, a hoverboard can be used _.A. on campusB. in parksC. on bike pathsD. in shopping malls23. What is the main purpose of this passage?A. To evaluate a gifts quality.B. To recommend a gift choice.C. To compare new hoverboard models.D. To clarify functions of the latest hoverboa
22、rds.【答案】21. D 22. C 23. BBGrowing up, Deka Ismail says she let labels define what she could be. “I was a black girl, from a refugee (难民) family,” Deka said. “It was as if I was only allowed to explore in this predetermined box.”After a high school chemistry class inspired her to think about a career
23、 in science and gave her confidence in the field, Deka learned to live outside labels and began making big plans for her future. Now she is about to begin her freshman year at the University of California, planning to become a professor.Bom and raised in San Diegos City Heights neighbourhood, Deka i
24、s the daughter of a Somali refugee couple. While some might say Deltas success happened in spite of her background, she would say differently, that her experiences shaped her and inspired her to be the driven, young scientist that she is today.When Deka was eight years old, her mother got a job by s
25、tudying hard back in school in order to support the whole family. That made Deka realize that education could make a difference to ones life. She spent a lot of time in the library reading books, and didnt do many of the things her peers did, like partying or having romantic relationships.“I always
26、felt like I had to be the perfect girl for my family,” Deka said. “You have to not even do your best but two times better than everyone else. I felt like the whole world was waiting for me to mess up.”Deltas efforts paid off. The summer before her senior year of high school, she was accepted to the
27、American Chemical Society Project SEED Programme. “She brought both enthusiasm and focus,” Botham, a researcher at this research institute, recalled. “She arrived every day ready to work, ready to learn and ready to tackle new challenges regardless of whether or not she had done anything similar.”Wh
28、en asked what advice she would give to others like her, Deka warned them not to underestimate themselves. “Dont tell yourself that the scholarship is too big or this programme is too competitive or Ill never get into this school,” she said. “I was not sure whether I could make it until I started see
29、ing the acceptance letters rolling in.”24. From the passage, we can learn that _.A. Deka was adopted by a refugee familyB. Deka spent a lot of time going to partiesC. Deka became a professor after graduationD. Dekas experiences drove her to work hard25. Deka realized the importance of education _.A.
30、 from her mothers experienceB. after her chemistry classC. by reading books in the libraryD. through working at the institute26. According to the last paragraph, Deka advised that students be _.A. patientB. confidentC. ambitiousD. generous27. What does the story intend to tell us?A. Life is not all
31、roses.B. Practice makes perfect.C. Well begun is half done.D. Hard work leads to success.【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. DCA group of blue-faced birds step through the grass shoulder to shoulder, red eyes looking around. They look like middle schoolers seeking a cafeteria table at lunchtime. Perhaps theyr
32、e not so different.A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies. In the past, scientists assumed such social structures required a lot of brainpower. But the pea-bra
33、ined guineafowl are revealing the faults in that assumption.These large birds wander across the landscape in packs, often walking so closely that their bodies touch. They may fight each other to maintain their strict hierarchies (等级制度), but at other times they engage in friendly behaviours like shar
34、ing food.Suspecting the guineafowl might have a social structure, Dr. Farine and his colleagues began a thorough study of their society. For a whole year, they made daily observations of 441 birds. Coloured leg bands in unique combinations let researchers tell the black-and-blue birds apart. They al
35、so attached GPS devices to the backs of 58 birds, which let them see exactly where every group went, 24 hours a day.The findings of the research suggest that the vulturine guineafowl have a multilevel society. There are groups within groups within the population as a whole. There even seem to be gro
36、ups of friends within the small groups. This is the first time anyone has observed such a society in a bird.And Dr. Farine emphasizes this particular birds tiny brain size: “ They dont only have small brains relative to mammals (哺乳动物), they also have quite small brains relative to other birds, ” he
37、said.According to him, living in this kind of society might actually make it easier to keep track of the social order. For example, if groups are stable and a bird can identify just one or two individuals within a group, it knows which group its looking at no need for a brain that can recognize ever
38、y single animal. Multilevel societies also let animals adjust their group sizes based on whatever challenges theyre facing. Depending on what enemies or resources are around, it might make sense to travel in a combined group rather than a smaller one.“ Having a multilevel structure may not require h
39、aving a large brain, ” Dr. Farine said. There may be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societies as many-leveled as our own.28. According to the passage, what inspired Dr. Farine to carry out the study?A. The guineafowls social behaviour.B. Previous assumption
40、s about birds.C. His interest in animal brainpower.D. The faults in earlier research.29. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A. The research subjects.B. The research methods.C. The research findings.D. The research equipment.30. What can be learned from the passage?A. Complex social systems can be a di
41、sadvantage to the guineafowl.B. The guineafowl are good at recognizing individuals in a group.C. Birds maintain social order by travelling in combined groups.D. Small-brained animals can form multilevel societies.【答案】28. A 29. B 30. DDFor several decades, there has been an extensive and organized ca
42、mpaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by those whose interests and ideologies are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things.Stressing successes isnt wro
43、ng, but for many people its not persuasive. An alternative answer to the question “Why trust science?” is that scientists use the so-called scientific method. If youve got a high school science textbook lying around, youll probably find that answer in it. But what is typically thought to be the scie
44、ntific method develop a hypothesis (假设), then design an experiment to test it isnt what scientists actually do. Science is dynamic: new methods get invented; old ones get abandoned; and sometimes, scientists can be found doing many different things.If there is no identifiable scientific method, then
45、 what is the reason for trust in science? The answer is how those claims are evaluated. The common element in modern science, regardless of the specific field or the particular methods being used, is the strict scrutiny (审查) of claims. Its this tough, sustained process that works to make sure faulty
46、 claims are rejected. A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a lengthy “peer review” because the reviewers are experts in the same field who have both the right and the obligation (责任) to find faults.A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively.
47、 No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens, if not hundreds, of heads. In areas that have been contested, like climate science and vaccine safety, its thousands. This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees w
48、ith the claim. And this is why diversity in science the more people looking at a claim from different angles is important.Does this process ever go wrong? Of course. Scientists are humans. There is always the possibility of revising a claim on the basis of new evidence. Some people argue that we sho
49、uld not trust science because scientists are “always changing their minds.” While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical (矛盾的): th
50、at science produces both novelty and stability. Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness.31. How does the author think of the scientific method?A. Stable.B. Persuasive.C. Unreliable.D. Unrealistic.32. What does the underlined wor
51、d “vetted” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Explained.B. Examined.C. Repeated.D. Released.33. According to the passage, the author may agree that _.A. it is not persuasive to reject those faulty claimsB. settled science tends to be collectively overturnedC. a leading expert cannot play a decisive rol
52、e in a scrutinyD. diversity in knowledge is the common element in science34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Put Your Faith in ScienceB. Defend the Truth in ScienceC. Apply Your Mind to ScienceD. Explore A Dynamic Way to Science【答案】31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A第二节（共5小题；每小
53、题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。An interview is a discussion with someone in which you try to get information from them. _35_ There are three basic sub-types of interview: structured interviews, unstructured interviews and semi-structured interviews. _36_ Incidentally, “responden
54、t” and “informant” are words that are sometimes used instead of “interviewee”.A great deal is provided by this personal contact: you are another human being, and interviewees will respond to you, in bodily presence, in an entirely different way from the way that they would have reacted to questionna
55、ires that came through their letterboxes or to emails. _37_ Most people want to help and give their opinions, and they will usually be energized to help by your physical presence.If you take the trouble to schedule a visit, you can be more or less guaranteed of a response. Most importantly, though,
56、you will be able to relate to interviewees while you are talking to them. _38_ You will be able to watch their behaviour which will give you important clues about how they feel about a topic. Because of the primacy of the personal contact, your appearance and tone are importanthow do you want to be
57、seen? As “one of us”? As a person in authority? As an observer? Or what? _39_ However you decide to present yourself, it is good practice of course to try to put the interviewee at ease before the interview begins to talk about the weather, about your journey, about anything that will break the ice.
58、A. This is a ready-made support for you.B. Its nature varies with the nature of the interviews.C. You will be able to hear and understand what they are saying.D. Your decision should influence the way that you look, sound and behave.E. The information may be facts or opinions or attitudes or any com
59、bination of these.F. Each involves the interviewer in fact-to-face contact or telephone contact with another person.G. You will be using these clues to make informed guesses about what the interviewees might really mean.【答案】35. E 36. F 37. A 38. C 39. D第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第4
60、3题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Dont put your elbows(肘) on the table. The soup spoon should never be put into the mouth. These are some of the examples of table manners. They show the way people behave while eating a meal. Actually, every family follows table manners in its own way. Even in families
61、 where no one mentions elbows, there are always behaviours taking effect when sharing meals.Interestingly, different cultures have different thoughts on table manners-elbows on the table, for example, is very British. Some countries think burping(打嗝) after a meal is a sign that it was delicious. Whi
62、le it is important to keep silent while eating, in some areas it is actually as important to keep up the tradition of eating at the table as a family, with conversations and no mobile phones.Table manners matter much. They are a reflection of your character. Its about respect for others. When you ar
63、e with others in a social setting, you want to be considerate to those around you. Table manners also mean your “ticket” to social success. Good manners will open doors that the best education cannot. Few will want an ill-mannered person in their workplace, or social circle, and this is as relevant
64、today as it was hundreds of years ago.While globalization has led to the intermixing of cultures, the essence of table manners remains. “I was brought up to have table manners,” says celebrated chef Tony Tan, who grew up in Malaysia, eating Indian, Chinese and Malay cuisines with chopsticks, hands,
65、spoon and fork. Tan, who went on to train as a chef in Paris and London, is an expert in Asian cuisines from Cantonese to Malaysian, which he teaches at his school in country Victoria-but the etiquette(礼节), particularly of his Chinese tradition, has remained. He says, “Youve got to invite your elder
66、s to start eating, or say, We are now eating, so the elders can say, Go ahead. Its a sign of respect to the elderly. When people dont do that anymore, they lack manners and they lack good upbringing. ”40. What are table manners?41. Why are table manners important?42. Please decide which part is fals
67、e in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.Tony Tan says that it is impolite for younger generations to start eating before the elders do even after they get permission from the elders.43. Apart from the rules mentioned in the passage, what other table manners do you have in you
68、r home? （In about 40 words）【答案】40. Table manners are the way people behave while eating a meal. 41. Because table manners can reflect peoples character, such as being respectful and considerate to others, and they can also lead people to social success. 42. Tony Tan says that it is impolite for youn
69、ger generations to start eating before the elders do even after the get permission from the elders.According to the passage, if their elders say “Go ahead”, younger generations can start eating before the elders do. So it is acceptable for them to start eating with the permission from the elderly. 4
70、3. In my home, when you want something at dinner, dont point at it with your chopsticks, and dont speak noisily either. Please use a spoon for soup. When you finish the dinner, and someone is still eating, dont leave the table.第二节（20分）44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在你们学校网站上看到了学生参加学农活动的照片，很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你
71、给他回复邮件，内容包括：1. 学农活动的相关信息（时间、内容）；2. 你参加学农活动的感受。注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：学农learn from farmersDear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,Thank you for asking. Im glad to tell you about those photos.Last Saturday our school organized a “Learning from Farmers” activity. My classmates and I went to a farm in northern Beijing. We helped the farmers pick apples the whole day.I am very happy because I worked and helped the farmers. And I learned for the first time of the difficulty getting fruits onto the kitchen table.Yours,Li Hua学科网（北京）股份有限公司
