1、Unit 11 Before you listen to the tape discuss in pairs what theories you know of on the origin of species that existed before Darwins idea.Then have a class discussion and see how many different theories you are familiar with.2 Charles Darwin developed his view new theory to replace the Western idea
2、 of the origin of species.Listen to the tape for the first time and write it down.3 Listen to the tape again and fill in the information in the chart.Old theoryNew theoryWho made the different animals and plants?How do you know?GodFrom the BibleBy collecting evidenceThe theory of evolution that anim
3、als developed from earlier speciesOld theoryNew theoryHow long did it take?Where did people come from?Six daysGod madethemMillions of yearsDeveloped from monkeys4 Answer these questions.1 What made Charles Darwin change his mind and explain his new theory?After twenty years Charles Darwin changed hi
4、s mind and explained his new theory because another biologist also had the same idea.The two of them worked together.2 What was the public reaction to his book The Origin of Species?The public reaction to the new theory was very fierce.(Everybody was forced to take sides in the debate between the bi
5、ologists and the Christian Church.Even the Prime Minister of the day,Benjamin Disraeli,was asked his opinion.He said Is man an ape or an angel?Now I am on the side of the angels.)4 How did he handle the criticism?He particularly upset all the followers of the Christian church who believed that the B
6、ible came directly from God and therefore every word must be true.He handled the criticism with tact and patience.3 Who did he upset?Why did he upset them?The year is 1860.Fred Jones(F J)is interviewing Charles Darwin(CD)for a newspaper.WHERE DID HUMANS COME FROM?Listening textFJ:Hello,Mr Darwin,Im
7、your interviewer,Fred Jones.Today Im very glad youve come from London to talk to me.Now,Mr Darwin,I hear you have a new theory.What is it?CD:My theory of evolution states that all animals originally came from other earlier species.It took millions of years.In the old idea,the Bible assumed that God
8、made all creatures and plants in six days.FJ:I see.What about human beings?CD:Well.I think people come from monkeys.FJ:That mustve upset Christians,I suppose.CD:Indeed,it upset all the Christians who believe that God made animals including people in six days.FJ:Why did you change your mind in 1858 a
9、nd publish your idea nearly twenty years after you thought of it?I knew there would be a lot of trouble with the Christian church.So I spent twenty years collecting evidence that my theory was correct.CD:Well,in that year an unknown biologist wrote to me with the same idea.So I knew that I couldnt k
10、eep quiet any longer.But I wanted to be fair.So the two of us explained our ideas together in an important meeting in London.The next year I published On The Origin of Species where I explained all my ideas fully and included all my evidence.FJ:Did many people think you were wrong?CD:Yes.It was as b
11、ad as I had feared.Church leaders thought I was wrong and told everyone to ignore my ideas.They said I was a bad Christian.Political leaders took sides.Many of them called me bad names and thought my ideas wereF J:What did you do?CD:I tried to behave well.For example:one day a girl asked me if I bel
12、ieved our ancestors were monkeys.I said I did.Then she asked where she came from.shocking.My family suffered a lot.It made my wife very upset.I looked at her She was very beautiful.Id like to think that you came from a particularly beautiful family of monkeys.I said.She laughed.FJ:It sounds as if yo
13、u dealt with the criticism well.Were you ever sorry that your idea was made public?CD:Sometimes.But I knew that my observations over twenty years proved my idea was correct.F J:So,twenty years of collecting evidence was a good example of perseverance and a true commitment to your theory.Thank you fo
14、r talking to us.(fade out)Now you are expected to tell a story using one of these four pictures.In your plan you should include three parts:The beginning should include the names and relationship of all the characters.It should also explain whereIn your plan you should include three parts:The beginn
15、ing should include the names and relationship of all the characters.It should also explain where the story starts and what the problem is.The middle should set out the ways in which the main character deals with ail tile problems that he/she meets.After planning the story but before telling it stude
16、nts can make a collection of useful and powerful verbs that are alternatives for more ordinary over-used ones.The end resolves the situations and ensures a happy end to the story.Instead of said“shouted answeredInstead of went“skipped ranInstead of“felt unhappy”scared terrifiedBelow are some alterna
17、tives:replied whisperedasked calledmentioned suggested walked cycledhurried jumpedwandered climbed frightened sad worried concernedfelt bored/lonely Sample storyITS NOW OR NEVER!Sam was very tired but he could see the top of the mountain ahead.It had been two days since they began the climb to the t
18、op.At first he had felt excited and full of anticipation at thethought of climbing such a high mountain but now he just felt tiredand weary.He was in his sixties.He wanted to stop climbing,liedown and go to sleep.As he staggered slowly at the back of the group he heard his brother,Fred,calling to hi
19、m.“Its not far now!Come on,Sam.You dont want to come so far and not succeed.What will you tell your grand-children?”Sam smiled and lifted his head.The top of the mountain appeared closer now.Perhaps he could make it if he only kept going.It was now or never to the top!WILL SHE ARRIVE IN TIME?Meimei
20、put down the telephone,picked up her bag and rushed down the street.She had to get the afternoon bus to go and see her mother.It was terrible news to hear that her mother was so ill again.As she rushed towards the bus stop she could see the people picking up their bags.That must mean that the bus wa
21、scoming.Meimei took her walletfrom her bag.She stood there helplessly as she saw there was no money in her wallet.She was not going to get there in time and she would miss her mother who was eager to see her Meimei began to cry as the bus started and moved away towards the city.What was she going to
22、 do?Just then a motorbike drew up beside her.It was her neighbour,Wang Yi.“Whats the matter,Meimei?”she asked.When Meimei told her,Wang Yi moved fast.“Get on,”she said.“III take you home.”They drove fast along the road,passing the bus as it slowly climbed up the hill and arrived at her home ahead of
23、 it.“How can I ever thank you?”whispered Meimei gratefully.“Its my pleasure,”said Wang Yi.“Give my love to your mother and tell her that I hope Ill have a wonderful daughter like you one day.”Meimei smiled for the first time that afternoon.“I certainly will,”she said.“I shall be in plenty of time no
24、w.”commitment delay bless changeable cosy grasp abroad discourage regular punishment urgent boom1 Complete the passage with the words provided below in the correct form.Odysseus is a literary figure in the Odyssey written by Homer.He rejected the_ life of a Greek king and made a _to help another Gre
25、ek leader,cosy commitment Menelaus,get his wife back.But the war dragged on and on and he was away from his family for ten years.During this time the fortunes of the war were so_ that no one could predict who would win.changeable Odysseus became tired of the war and the _ in Troy.He _wanted to retur
26、n home,so when the Greek kings had their _ weekly meeting hedelay urgently regular grasp suggested that they _an opportunity to trick the Trojans.The Greeks built a giant wooden horse so that men could hide inside it.The Greeks then pretended to leave _ their ships as if they wereaboard _ by the len
27、gth of the war.TheTrojans_ their Gods for their good fortune and prepared to celebrate.That night the men climbed out of the horse and opened the city gates to the Greek army.discouraged blessed The Trojans awoke to the _ of their warning bell announcing a Greek victory.So the war ended but the _ of
28、 the Trojan people was only just beginning.boom punishment1 我建议你做出这个决定，因为这是合2法的。(advocate)3 Translate these sentences into English,using the words in brackets.I would advocate that you make this decision because it is legal.He was extremely bored during the film show because it was so silly.2 在电影放映过
29、程中他感到极端无聊，3因为那部电影是那么愚蠢可笑。(bored)3 那块肉散发出一股臭味，因为它变质了。(give off)That meat is giving off a bad smell because it is bad/rotten.If you say it is true,you must swear you are telling the truth.She is an admirable person who always puts other peoples needs first.5 如果你说那件事是真的，你得发誓6保证你是在说实话。(swear)4 她是一位值得尊敬的
30、人，她总是把5别人的需求放在第一位。(admirable)1 My failure in that exam was so painful that I stopped myself from remembering it until many years later when I could consider it more rationally.2 This is an ancient kind of camp fire for cooking.4 Replace the underlined phrases with words similar in meaning from this
31、unit.blocked(it)out oven 3 That kind of behaviour is not considerate and makes me feel upset.4 The water in my bath is extremely cold so it is uncomfortable for me to get into it.selfish;discouraged freezing Homework1.Review the usage of attribute 2.of English.2.Preview the reading material following.
