1、Unit 4Astronomy: the science of the stars1Last week, a lecture about the total lunar eclipse was_delivered_by Prof. Zhang, attracting a lot of astronomical enthusiasts to attend.上周张教授做了关于月全食的讲座，吸引了许多天文爱好者参加。2A_lecture_about_astronomy_was_delivered last week by our teacher, which_appealed_to lots of
2、teachers and students to attend. 上周我们的老师做了一个关于天文学的讲座，吸引了很多老师和学生来参加。3To_help_you_have_a_better_understanding_of_universe,_ Student Union will organize a lecture related to it.为了帮助你们对宇宙有更进一步的了解，学生会将组织一次相关讲座。4To_make_sure_you_have_a_better_idea_about_astronomy,_ Student Union will organize a competitio
3、n about the related knowledge.为了保证你对天文学有更进一步的了解，学生会将组织相关知识大赛。自主排查 夯基固本核心单词(1)system (n.) 系统；体系；制度(2)theory (n.) 学说；理论theoretical (adj.) 理论上的(3)violent (adj.) 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的violence (n.) 暴力violently (adv.) 猛烈地(4)unlike (prep.) 与不同；不像like (反义词) (prep.& v) 像；喜欢dislike (v.& n) 不喜欢(5)harmful (adj.) 有害的harm
4、(n.) 害处 (vt.) 对有害(6)exist (vi.) 存在；生存existence (n.) 存在(7)puzzle (vt.& vi.) (使)迷惑； (使)为难 (n.) 谜；难题puzzled (adj.) 迷惑不解的(8)pull (n.& vt.) 拉(力)；拖；牵引力阅读单词(1)religion (n.) 宗教；宗教信仰(2)billion (pron.& n& adj.) 英万亿；美十亿(3)globe (n.) 球体；地球仪；地球(4)atmosphere (n.) 大气层；气氛(5)fundamental (adj.) 基本的；基础的(6)chain (n.) 链
5、子；连锁；锁链(7)multiply (vi.& vt.) 乘；增加(8)thus (adv.) 因此；于是(9)biology (n.) 生物学(10)gravity (n.) 万有引力；重力(11)gentle (adj.) 温和的；文雅的(12)climate (n.) 气候(13)crash (vi.& vt.) 碰撞；坠落(14)float (vt.& vi.) (使)浮动 (n.) 漂浮物单句语法填空1.Harvard University takes in any outstanding student regardless of _ (religious), colour or
6、 background.答案：religion2Water _ (exist) in three forms, which are liquid, gas and solid.答案：exists3Some experts think reading is the _ (fundament) skill upon which school education depends.答案：fundamental4Fruit juice can be _ (harm) to childrens teeth.答案：harmful5There is a lot of rubbish _ (float) on
7、the surface of the river.答案：floating6What makes me _ (puzzle) is why he left the country without telling anyone.答案：puzzled7They have the chance to build an outwardlooking Europe that lives up to its _ (globe) responsibilities.答案：global8She got interested in plants and decided to be a _ (biology)答案：b
8、iologist9The volcano erupted _ (violent), yet the village at the foot of it survived.答案：violently10The man took the little boy _ (gentle) in his hand and put him up into the tree.答案：gently联想积累1“太空”单词集锦astronomer n. 天文学家astronomy n. 天文学astronaut n. 宇航员 satellite n. 卫星orbit n. 轨道 universe n. 宇宙gravity
9、 n. 重力；引力 spaceship n. 宇宙飞船planet n. 行星2“碰、撞”家族hit v. 碰撞；打击 crash v. 碰撞；坠落bump n& v. 撞；碰撞(声)collide v. 碰撞；相撞collision n. 撞击；碰撞 run into 撞上1in_time 及时；终于；迟早2lay_eggs 下蛋3give_birth_to 产生；分娩4in_ones_turn 轮到某人5prevent . from 阻止；制止6block_out 挡住(光线)7cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋8now that 既然9get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解1
10、0break out 突发；爆发11watch out for 密切注意；当心；提防选词填空prevent . from, watch out for, now that, in time, break out, cheer up1He climbed the mountain carefully, all the time _ loose rocks.答案：watching out for2Doctors say many diseases can be _ spreading by hand washing.答案：prevented from3Shes enjoying the job _
11、 shes got more responsibility.答案：now that4She started as an office junior, and _ became the director of the whole company.答案：in time5Does everyone know what to do if a fire _？答案：breaks out6Whenever I encounter difficulties, she will encourage me and help me _.答案：cheer up联想积累1动词out短语大全burst out 大声喊叫；
12、突然(哭，笑)起来go out 外出；不再流行；(灯)熄灭put out 熄灭；扑灭；生产come out 出来；出版help out 帮助解决难题(摆脱困境)look out 留神；注意watch out 注意；提防find out 找出；查明break out 突发；爆发give out 分发；耗尽，用光，发出(光、热等)work out 计划，思考；计算出；锻炼身体run out 用光；耗尽make out 理解；辨认出carry out 实行；实施figure out 理解；弄清楚2birth用法小结give birth to 分娩；出现；产生at birth 在出生时by birth
13、 在血统上from birth 自出生以来3“动词 . from”表“阻止；禁止”短语prevent sb. from doing sth.discourage sb. from doing sth.stop sb. from doing sth.ban sb. from doing sth.keep sb. from doing sth.课文原句句式梳理仿写训练1.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被
14、送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。倍数的常用表示法：以twice为例，A is twice as big as B “A是B的两倍大”；A is twice bigger than B “A比B大一倍”；A is twice the size of B “A的尺寸是B的两倍大”。三倍以上用“基数词 times”。You devoted _ as you did before, so I believe you will succeed this time. 你付出的时间和精力是以前的三倍，所以我相信你这次能成功。2.“Oh, dear，”I cried, “walking
15、 does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天哪，”我大声说，“重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”now that“既然，因为”，引导原因状语从句。_ you apply for being the volunteer, you should take on your responsibility. 既然你申请当志愿者，就要承担起责任。答案：1.three times as much time and energy2.Now that直击重点 突破考点harmfuladj. 有害的(P26)(1)单句语法填空I
16、ts important to protect your skin from the _ (harm) effects of the sun.As we all know, a bad eating habit does harm _ ones health.答案：harmfulto(2)单句写作He may not be able to help but _ asking him.他可能帮不了忙，但是求他一下倒也无妨。答案：there is no harm in(1)be harmful to 对有害(2)harm n& vt. 伤害；损害do harm to sb.do sb. harm
17、伤害某人mean no harm to . 对没有恶意There is no harm in doing . 不妨做existvi. 生存；存在(P26)(1)单句语法填空Some species exist _ this small area of forest and nowhere else on the earth.As is known to us, the Peoples Republic of China came into _ (exist) as an independent country in 1949.The service is available to all _
18、(exist) customers.答案：inexistenceexisting(2)单句改错There exists different operas in China, such as Yue Opera, Yu Opera, Kunqu Opera, Huangmei Opera, etc._答案：existsexist(1)exist in 存在于之中exist on 靠而生存There exist(s)/existed . 某地有；存在(2)existence n. 存在；生存come into existence 产生；成立；开始存在(3)existing adj. 现存的；正在使
19、用的puzzlen. 谜；难题vt.& vi. (使)迷惑；(使)为难(P27)(1)单句语法填空Why Lily makes the sachets (香囊) so beautifully is _ puzzle to me.Im not puzzled _ why many foreigners are so interested in Chinese kung fu.Her _ (puzzle) look on her face suggested she didnt understand what I said.答案：aabout/overpuzzled(2)单句改错The repor
20、ters as well as some critics remained puzzling by the election results._答案：puzzlingpuzzled(1)puzzle about/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索(2)a puzzle to sb. 一件让某人感到困惑的事情(3)puzzling adj. 令人迷惑的puzzled adj. 迷惑不解的；困惑的pulln& vt. (拉)力；拖；牵引力(P30)单句写作The boss employed ten workers to _ the old house.老板雇用了十个工人拆除那座旧房子。They said
21、 the operation had been successful and they expected his wife to _.他们说手术很成功，预计他妻子能恢复健康。He _ in front of the gates.他把车停在门前。答案：pull downpull throughpulled uppull away (车辆等)驶离；开走pull in (车辆等)进站；驶向路边停下pull down 拆除pull out 拔出；驶出pull through 恢复健康pull up (使)停车in time 及时；终于(P25)单句写作As the proverb goes, “Whe
22、re there is a will, there is a way.” Our efforts will pay off _.常言道，“有志者，事竟成”，我们的努力迟早会有所回报。Youd better do one thing _， so that you can concentrate on it.你最好一次做一件事，这样你就能集中注意力。_ did anyone involved speak to the press.任何相关人员都没有向媒体发表过言论。Well be able to finish repairing your car _.我们很快就能把你的车修好。答案：in time
23、at a timeAt no timein no time(1)in time for . 刚好赶上in time to do sth. 及时做某事(2)in no time 立刻；马上at no time 决不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装)at a time 每次；一次at one time 曾经；一度at the same time 同时；然而from time to time有时；偶尔(3)take ones time 别着急；慢慢来kill time 消磨时光in ones turn 轮到某人(P26)(1)单句语法填空Now the young parents have to tak
24、e turns _ (look) after their sick baby.答案：to look(2)单句写作Theory is based on practice and _ serves practice.理论以实践为基础，相应地又服务于实践。This week _ raise the national flag and deliver a speech at the flagraising ceremony in our school.本周轮到我们在学校升旗仪式上升国旗并发言。答案：in turnit is our turn toin turn 依次地；相应地by turns 轮流地；
25、交替地take turns to do . 轮流做Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事了break out 突发；爆发(P31)单句写作At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket, which _ at ten this morning.最终消防员们扑灭了今早十点超市发生的大火。More healthy food, or your body will _ sooner or later.多吃健康食品，不然你的身体迟早会垮掉。He _ the guard and rushed into th
26、e hall.他挣脱了警卫，冲进了大厅。答案：broke outbreak downbroke away frombreak away (from) 摆脱；脱离break in 闯入；打断break into 破门而入break off 断开；中断break through 突破；克服；战胜break up 粉碎；解散；(关系)破裂；结束；放假break down (机器)出故障；(身体)垮掉；(谈判等)失败；(化学)分解教材原句The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or n
27、ot.(P25)地球变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。(1)单句语法填空_ we will go outing or not depends on the weather.It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.I think _ impresses me about his
28、 painting most is the colours he uses.答案：Whetherthatwhenwhat(2)单句改错Whomever is responsible for this project will be punished._答案：WhomeverWhoever(1)本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是whether the shape would last or not。(2)在复合句中起主语作用的从句称为主语从句(Subject Clause)。引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类：a连词that, whether等；b连接代词what, who, whose, what
29、ever, whichever, whoever等；c连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, however, wherever等。常用it作形式上的主语由于主语从句太长，为了避免头重脚轻，常常用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末。比较常见的句型有：aItbe形容词(important, likely, possible, clear等)主语从句；bItbe名词(secret/idea/mystery/pity/pleasure/wonder等)主语从句；cItbe过去分词(known/said/reported/suggested等)主语从句；dIt特殊动
30、词(appear/seem/happen/matter等)主语从句。教材原句This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.(P26)这就产生了一系列的反应，使得生命就有可能开始发展了。(1)单句语法填空The sun gives off light and warmth, which makes _ possible for plants to grow.They were made _ (work) day and night in the past.While we should pro
31、vide “safe spaces” within colleges, we must also make it safe _ (express) opinions and challenge majority views.As busy people, we are always looking for ways to save time and make our lives _ (easy)答案：itto workto expresseasier(2)单句改错They want to make clear to the public that they do an important an
32、d necessary job._答案：make后加it(1)本从句是“make it形容词/名词for sb./sth.to do sth.”句型。其中it为形式宾语，指代后面的不定式结构。(2)make复合宾语的结构makeit形容词/名词不定式/从句make宾语宾语补足语 find, feel, think, leave等动词也有这样的用法。课文回练 升华运用No one _1_ (know) exactly how the earth began. According to a _2_ (wide) accepted theory, the universe began with a
33、“Big Bang”. The earth _3_ (explode) loudly and produced water vapour and other _4_ (gas) making the earths atmosphere. As the earth cooled down, water appeared and stayed _5_ the surface. It was the presence of water that allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas
34、, which made _6_ possible for life to develop. First, the appearance of small plants encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. Next, green plants began to grow on land, _7_ (follow) by land animals. So reptiles appeared for the first time. Later, dinosaurs developed.
35、 However, they suddenly disappeared. After that, mammals came into being. Finally, humans _8_ (appear) and spread all over the earth. However, they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, _9_ (make) the earth too hot to live on. So, _10_ life will continue on the earth for millions
36、of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._答案：1.knows2.widely3.exploded4.gases5.on6.it7.followed8.appeared9.making10.whether基础达标 自主训练.单句语法填空1Every year, _ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.答案：whoeverwhoever “无论谁”
37、，表泛指，在句中作主语，相当于anyone who。2My relationship with the actors is fundamental _ my work as a director.答案：tobe fundamental to . “是的基础”。3I can say that it is the _ (violence) film that I have ever seen.答案：most violent由“that I have ever seen”可知，此处应用形容词最高级。4His last paintings are perhaps the most _ (puzzle)
38、, which even the artists cant make sense of.答案：puzzling此处形容词puzzling “令人困惑的”作表语，描述主语paintings的本质特征。5There _ (exist) a good way to solve the problem in geography.答案：existsThere exists . “存在；有”。6As secondhand smoking is _ (harm) and dangerous, people want a total ban against smoking in public.答案：harmf
39、ul此处形容词harmful “有害的”作表语。7She bought a heavy curtain _ (block) out the light.答案：to block此处动词不定式短语to block out作目的状语。8Though injured seriously, he tried to cheer _， hoping to make his parents less worried.答案：upcheer up “(使)感到高兴，(使)振作起来”。9Measures have been taken to prevent the river from _ (pollute)答案：
40、being pollutedprevent sb./sth. from doing sth. “阻止某人/某物做某事”，且本句中river和pollute之间是被动关系，故填动名词的被动结构。10_ (like) what you supposed, only a few people attended the party, which was disappointing.答案：Unlike根据语意可知，“并不像”你所猜测的那样，故填Unlike，引导名词性从句。.单句写作1If she _ (生下) a boy, she would name it Aihua, meaning “lovin
41、g China”答案：gave birth to2_ (总有一天) youll appreciate the beauty of this language. 答案：In time3Nothing will _ Huangmei Opera.没有什么能阻止我学习黄梅戏。答案：prevent me from learning4_因为重阳节快要到了，我们打算本周六去敬老院。(now that)答案：Now that the Double Ninth Festival is around the corner, we decide to visit the nursing home this Sat
42、urday.5_他一想到要参加龙舟赛，心里就高兴起来。 答案：He cheered up at the thought of taking part in the dragon boat race.语法填空Last December my mother and I _1_ (fly) to London. The first thing we did was to go on a bus sightseeing tour.This is the best way to see all the sights and learn all about the history of the city.
43、 By the time the tour was over it was dark. The Christmas lights were very colorful. And _2_ really impressed me was so many people made _3_ (they) way home through the heavy traffic on bicycles. I was looking forward to spending the next day in Oxford Street with all its _4_ (amaze) shops. And what
44、 _5_ wonderful experience that was! We bought a ticket for the underground and could go everywhere very quickly.We spent all morning shopping and admiring the Christmas displays inside the shops and out in the streets. Then we went to a wax museum _6_ (call) Madame Tussauds (杜莎夫人蜡像馆), which had a lo
45、t of wax _7_ (figure) of famous people. My mother took a picture of me standing _8_ Prince Charles and Prince Harry. From there we took the tube to Buckingham Palace, the home of the two princes, to watch the Changing of the Guard but _9_ (fortunate) we couldnt really see well as there were thousand
46、s of tourists waiting _10_ (take)photos of the ceremony.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和妈妈去年12月份坐飞机前往英国伦敦旅游的经历。1flew考查动词的时态。由时间状语“Last December”可知，应用一般过去时，故填flew。2what考查主语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句且在从句中作主语，所填词意为“的事物”，故填what。3their考查代词。make ones way意思是“前往”，且主语为people，故填their。4amazing
47、考查词性转换。amaze意思是“使惊奇”，它的形容词amazing意思是“令人惊奇的”，常用来修饰物。由shops可知应填amazing。5a考查冠词。此处是what引导的感叹句，句中experience作名词，意为“经历”，是可数名词，所以要用不定冠词修饰，故填a。6called考查非谓语动词。wax museum与call之间为被动关系，故此处应用过去分词作后置定语，故填called。7figures考查名词。此处表示“那里有许多名人的蜡像”。由a lot of可知，此处要用可数名词的复数形式，故填figures。8between考查介词。between . and表示“在之间”。9unf
48、ortunately考查副词。根据空格后的“we couldnt really see well”可知，应用提示词的否定形式，且要用副词来修饰整个句子。故填unfortunately。10to take考查非谓语动词。wait to do sth. “等待做某事”，为固定用法。.短文改错It is five years now since I graduate from high school. Last Saturday, our class held a gettogether, which took us a long time prepare. It was indeed not ea
49、sy to get in the touch with everybody and set a properly time for all of us. We all enjoyed this precious day greatly, talk about the people and things they were familiar with. It was a pity which some of us were not present as they had gone abroad with further study. Besides, they called back or se
50、nt greeting card from different places.答案：It is five years now since I from high school. Last Saturday, our class held a gettogether, which took us a long time prepare. It was indeed not easy to get in touch with everybody and set a time for all of us. We all enjoyed this precious day greatly, about
51、 the people and things were familiar with. It was a pity some of us were not present as they had gone abroad further study. ， they called back or sent greeting from different places.难项分析：第一处：graduategraduated考查动词的时态。在“It is时间段since引导的时间状语从句”中，从句要使用一般过去时，故graduate应用其过去式。第五处：talktalking考查非谓语动词。主语We与ta
52、lk之间为主动关系，故应使用现在分词作伴随状语。第九处：BesidesHowever考查副词。根据前后句句意可知，前后为转折关系，且此处用逗号隔开，故应用副词However。课时作业.阅读理解(2019全国卷)Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms (微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning th
53、em up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? Its turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New Yo
54、rk.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think theyre close to a solution (解决方案). “We dont give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA en
55、gineers，” says Florence Gold, a project manager.“There are no tests，” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other thanAre you working towards your goal？ Basically, its Ive got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.Engineers come
56、 and really do an inperson review, and . its not a very nice thing at times. Its a hard business review of your product.”Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact (影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I dont teach.”
57、 And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的联合科研项目，解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。1What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?AThey are hard to
58、 get rid of.BThey lead to air pollution.CThey appear in different forms.DThey damage the instruments.答案：A推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，来自我们身体的微生物在太空站的表面增长得很快，宇航员每周得花很长时间清理它们，由此断定太空站里的细菌很难清除，故答案为A。2What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?ATo strengthen teacherstudent relationships.BTo sharpen students communicat
59、ion skills.CTo allow students to experience zero gravity.DTo link space technology with school education.答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。3What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?ACheck their product. BGuide project designs.CAdjust work schedules. DGrade th
60、eir homework.答案：A细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，NASA工程师亲自检查那些高中学生的产品，故答案为A。4What is the best title for the text?ANASA: The Home of AstronautsBSpace: The Final Homework FrontierCNature: An Outdoor ClassroomDHUNCH: A College Admission Reform答案：B标题判断题。本文主要介绍了一个项目：把高中的教室教学与太空的研究联系起来，使学生们得到NASA工程师们的指导。因此在选标题时既要有太空，还要
61、有学生，选项B将其完美地结合了起来，故答案为B。(2020贵阳市普通高中高三年级摸底考试)Many of us think, wrongly, that the moon doesnt change. For example, the Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ruoxu once wrote that “Generations have come and passed away; From year to year the moons look alike, old and new.”However, a new study published in the journ
62、al Nature Geoscience shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time. For the study, a group of US scientists examined and analyzed thousands of photographs taken by the NASAs Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机). They found that there were lots of faults (断层) on the surface
63、of the moon. These faults were formed by recent movement on the moon.According to NASA, the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core. The moon continued to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy and cooled down. Then it began to shrink, in a way comparable to the sh
64、rinking of a grape into a raisin. Over the past several hundred million years, it has become 46 meters “skinnier”. But due to its hard and rocky layer, the moons surface continues to push up. “Some of these quakes can be fairly strong, around five on the Richter scale (里氏震级)，” said Thomas Watters, a
65、 senior scientist at the Smithsonians National Air and Space Museum in the US.But does that mean the moon is a dangerous place that human shouldnt try to explore and live on in the future? Maybe not, reported The Telegraph.“This isnt anything to worry about. The moon may be shrinking, but not by muc
66、h. Its not going anywhere，” Watters comforted us.The new discovery proves that the idea that the moon is a dead, boring place is wrong. “We have been to the moon and weve done some great science, but there is still a lot we dont know. The moon is shrinkingwe didnt really realize that until recently.
67、 Its a much more active and interesting place than we thought and we should explore that，” NASA scientist Nathan Williams said.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一项最新的科学研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小。此外，这项研究还表明月球还有许多我们不了解的东西，它是一个比我们认为的更活跃、更有意思的地方。5Which point of view about the moon may the writer agree to?AIt stays the same as befo
68、re.BIt is becoming slightly smaller.CIt is getting older and older.DIt has passed away.答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“However, a new study . shows that the moon is in fact slowly shrinking over time.”可知，一项新的发表在自然地球科学上的研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小，据此可知B项正确。6What can we learn about the moon from the third paragraph?AIt has
69、 become 46 meters fatter due to expanding.BIt has changed from a grape into a raisin in recent years.CIt quakes even at seven on the Richter scale.DIt has a hot core and releases energy during expanding.答案：D细节理解题。根据第三段前三句中的“the moon is made up of pieces of rocks with a hot core” “The moon continued
70、to expand as it was born. But in this process, it released energy”可知，月球由带有一个热核的岩石块组成，自它形成时月球就在持续膨胀，在这个过程中它会释放能量，故D项正确。7Who thinks that we neednt worry about the moon?AZhang Ruoxu.BThomas Watters.CNathan Williams.DThe journalist.答案：B细节理解题。根据第四段中Thomas Watters说的话“This isnt anything to worry about . It
71、s not going anywhere”可知，Thomas Watters认为我们不必担心月球，尽管月球在缩小，但它并没有缩小很多，故B项正确。8What does Nathan Williams think of the moon?AIt is a dead and boring place.BIt has lots of faults on the surface.CIt is valuable to do more science.DIt isnt a place where we can live.答案：C推理判断题。根据尾段中Nathan Williams说的话“We have b
72、een to the moon and weve done some great science . we should explore that”可知，Nathan Williams认为月球有许多我们不了解的东西，值得我们去探索。据此可推知，他认为研究月球是有价值的，故C项正确。.七选五Tips on buying outdoor solar lightsAs solar lighting is becoming useful for homes, many different such outdoor lights can now be found in supermarkets. Her
73、e are some helpful tips for customers.Does your area receive enough direct lighting?1 So you shouldnt even give it a thought if you live in an area that doesnt get much sunlight. These lights need direct sunlight, or they just wont work very well.2The expensive one usually means good quality. Choosi
74、ng the cheapest ones will result in many problems. For once, its best to buy more expensive lights of high quality. 3 At least you should know the difference between a 10 light and a 45 light.Buy lights that require less installation (安装)Most solar lights are simply driven into the ground. Therefore
75、, you shouldnt deal with the difficulty in installing a system that involves anything more than that. 4 You dont need to buy lights that require half an hour each to plant into the ground because thats just a waste of time.Make sure the lights can store enough energy.Different solar lights can store
76、 different amounts of energy. 5 Therefore, you should choose lights that are able to store enough energy to last for a few hours or more, at least those that will last from nightfall throughout most of the night and part of the morning.AWithout sunlight, solar lighting is useless.BBuy many solar lig
77、hts instead of just one or two.CIt means some will stay lit longer than the others.DChoose something a bit more expensive for once.ESolar lights are becoming more and more popular.FThat doesnt mean you have to spend all your money.GThey should take a few minutes each to get into the ground.篇章导读：本文是一
78、篇说明文。现在太阳能灯变得越来越流行了，在超市里有很多出售的灯，文章介绍了购买太阳能灯的几个小建议。1A根据“Does your area receive enough direct lighting？”这段的主旨句可知，在住的地方要能接受到足够的直接光线，所以A项“Without sunlight, solar lighting is useless.(没有阳光，太阳能灯就是无用的)”符合题意。2D根据“The expensive one usually means good quality.”可知，贵的通常质量比较好，所以该段的主旨句为D项“Choose something a bit m
79、ore expensive for once. (要挑选一些贵一点的)”。3F根据上下文可知，建议我们买一些贵的，但并非把钱都花在那些价格昂贵的灯上，所以F项合适。4G根据“Most solar lights are simply driven into the ground.”可知，大多数太阳能灯很容易安装，所以G项“每个太阳能灯应该花几分钟的时间就能安装好”符合题意。5C根据“Different solar lights can store different amounts of energy.”可知，不同的太阳能灯储存能源不相等，所以有些太阳能灯比其他的要亮得持久。.语法填空(2019
80、贵阳高三适应性考试(一)Chinas space program has become the first _1_ (land) a spacecraft on the socalled dark side of the moon. The landing on Thursday brought the country closer to its goal of becoming a space power.Change 4 sent a picture taken at 11：40 in the morning back to Earth. It shows small craters an
81、d _2_ empty surface that appears to be _3_ (light) by a light from the lunar explorer.The name Change comes from a subject of Chinese mythology that many Chinese believe _4_ (live) on the moon for thousands of years. The landing is an example of Chinas _5_ (grow) desire to compete with the American,
82、 Russian and European space _6_ (program). China also wants to strengthen _7_ (it) position.Hou Xiyun is a professor at Nanjing Universitys school of astronomy and space science. He told the Associated Press, “_8_ the whole, Chinas space technology still falls behind the West, but with the landing o
83、n the far side of the moon, we have raced to the front.”He added that China plans to explore Mars, Jupiter and asteroids (小行星) in the future. “Theres no doubt _9_ our nation will go farther and farther，” he said.In 2013, Change 3 made the first moon landing since the former Soviet Unions Luna 24 in
84、1976. The United States is the only country that has _10_ (success) sent a person to the moon. But China is considering a crewed mission, as well.For now, China plans to send a Change 5 spacecraft to the moon in 2019 and have it return to Earth with collected particles.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章
85、导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过讲述“嫦娥四号”登陆月球背面介绍了中国的太空探索发展状况。1to land考查非谓语动词。名词前有序数词修饰时，应用动词不定式作后置定语。2an考查冠词。surface是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，且empty的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。3lit/lighted考查动词的语态。根据空后的介词“by”并结合语境可知，此处是被动结构，即“bedone”的形式，故填lit/lighted。4has lived考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，that引导定语从句，指代a subject，在从句中作主语，故此处应用第三人称单数形式
86、；且此处为陈述客观事实，并根据时间状语for thousands of years可知，本句应用现在完成时，故填has lived。定语从句中的many Chinese believe为插入语。5growing考查词性转换。growing是形容词，意为“增长的”，在句中作定语，修饰名词desire。6programs考查名词。program是可数名词，且此处指美国、俄罗斯和欧洲的太空计划，故用复数形式，故填programs。7its考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词position。8On考查固定搭配。on the whole为固定搭配，意为“大体上；总的来说”，故填On。9th
87、at考查固定用法。There is no doubt that为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问”，故填that。10successfully考查词性转换。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词successfully修饰其后的动词sent，在句子中作状语。.书面表达(2020江西省抚州市临川二中高三月考)假如你是李华，某美国中学生代表团来你校访问。你代表学校介绍将要举行的有关“建设美丽中国(building a beautiful China)”的活动，主要内容包括：1表示欢迎；2介绍活动内容；3邀请他们参加。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 精彩范文First of all, on
88、 behalf of our school, I warmly welcome you to visit our school. The theme of our activity is “building a beautiful China”. Then, I will introduce the content of this activity. During this week, we will encourage people from all walks of life and the public to take an active part in building an ecol
89、ogical civilization and join hands to build a beautiful China with blue sky, green land and clear water. Lowcarbon travel, we are in action. Eliminate plastic bags. Start with me. Eliminate disposable chopsticks, let health stay on the tip of the tongue. Actively participate in environmental protection knowledge competition, understand environmental protection laws and regulations and common sense.I sincerely invite you to attend this activity.
