1、2018（黑龙江）尚志市高考英语阅读理解一轮基础习题含答案【广东珠海市2017高考选练题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。A decade-long study, also the first major research into air pollution and disease has shown that living near a main road increases the risk of dementia(痴呆). The study of 6.6 million people found that one in 10 dementia d
2、eaths in people living within 50 metres of a busy road was due to waste gas and noise. Air pollution is already known to contribute to the deaths of around 40,000 people in Britain each year by worsening breathing and heart conditions, while previous research showed emissions (排放物) can cause brain s
3、hrinkage.But the new study by Canadian public health scientists is the first to find a link between living close to heavy traffic and the increasing of dementia, a discovery described as believable and impressive by British experts. Dr Hong Chen said. Our study suggests that busy roads could be a so
4、urce of environmental stressors that could give rise to the onset of dementia.Population growth and urbanization has placed many people close to heavy traffic, and with widespread exposure to heavy traffic and growing rates of dementia, even a modest effect from near-road exposure could cause a larg
5、e public health burden. More research to understanding this link is needed, particularly into the effects of different aspects of traffic, such as air pollutants and noise. In the new study, the team tracked all adults aged between 20 and 85 living in Ontario for more than a decade from 2001 to 2012
6、. They used postcodes to determine how close people lived to a main road and analyzed medical records to see if they went on to develop dementia, Parkinsons disease or multiple sclerosis(多发性硬化). While there was no correlation between living near a road and Parkinsons disease or multiple sclerosis, d
7、ementia risk reduced as people lived further from a main road, with a 7 percent higher risk in developing dementia among those living within 50 metres; a 4 percent higher risk at 50-100 metres and a 2 percent higher risk at 101-200 metres.After 200 metres there was no increase.Researchers believe th
8、at noise of traffic may also play a role in the raised risk as well as other urban pollution, which is often present near busy roads.28.What can we know about Canadians new study? A. British experts think highly of it. B. It brings benefits to dementia patients. C. It shows that air production is ve
9、ry serious. D. It shows that air pollution can cause brain shrinkage.29. What Dr Hong Chen said showed that_.A. people are diagnosed with dementia mainly due to air pollution B. widespread exposure to traffic will reduce the risk of having dementia C. the link between living near roads and having de
10、mentia was not obvious D. busy roads could be a source of environmental stressors that caused dementia to increase30. What does the underlined the word correlation mean? A. Change. B. Improvement. C. Association. D. Secret31. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Living near a main road ad
11、ds to the risk of noise. B. Living beyond 300 metres of a main road is safe for people. C. Living within 200 metres of a main road has a lower risk of having dementia. D. The further people live away from heavy traffic, the smaller the risk of having dementia.【参考答案】28. C29.D30. B 31. A阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从
12、给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Hong Kong is the worlds shark fin capital. But a backlash(强烈抵制) from environmentalists and consumer groups is pressuring restaurants to stop serving dishes containing the shark fin.Around 50 percent of all shark fins worldwide are traded through Hong Kong. In 2008，around 1
13、0，000 tons of fins from 87 countries passed through the citys ports. For environmentalists like Stanley Shea of Frenchfounded Bloom Association，that must change. He is trying to raise awareness in Hong Kong. Shea and his fellow activists have been quite effective. Over the last two years governments
14、 in Hong Kong and mainland China，as well as big corporations and hotel chains，have announced they will take shark fin soup off their menus and banquets.It is in Hong Kongs Sheung Wan District that a lot of the shark fin trade happens. Here the local marineproduct industry is suffering. Inside the sm
15、all shops merchants talk freely about shark fins they sell these days. But in front of a camera nobody wants to mention shark fins；it is just too sensitive，they say. Not far away，at restaurant Lin Heung Kui，shark fin soup is a common dish on the menu. Around lunchtime，it is mostly the elderly and to
16、urists who visit the place.Shark fin soup has been the food of the rich and wealthy for hundreds of years in China. But times are slowly changing，said Veranica Mak，an anthropologist(人类学家) at the Chinese University of Hong Kong，who researches eating habits.“Not consuming shark fins becomes a kind of
17、signifier to show you are a socially responsible person. In the past，when you wanted to show your social status，people made shark fins a signifier in a banquet，but nowadays this signifier changes，”she said.Stanley Shea said young people were increasingly interested in social responsibility. He said
18、that helped make his campaign a success in Hong Kong.【解题导语】香港可以说是世界鱼翅交易中心，但随着人们对鱼翅消费的强烈抵制，香港的鱼翅交易量下降了。1By saying Hong Kong is the worlds shark fin capital，the author means _Aalmost all people in Hong Kong love eating shark finsBHong Kong has the longest history of trading shark finsCmany of the worl
19、ds shark fins are traded in Hong KongDrestaurants in Hong Kong provide the most dishes of shark fins答案C推理判断题。根据第二段的Around 50.Hong Kong.可推断作者说香港是鱼翅之都是因为世界上大概一半的鱼翅交易是在那里完成的，故选C。2What is Stanley Shea of Frenchfounded Bloom Association doing in Hong Kong?AMaking the government of Hong Kong know the harm
20、 of consuming shark fins.BAsking merchants to trade shark fins somewhere else instead of in Hong Kong.CWarning people of the harm to their health of eating shark fins.DFighting against shark fin consumption by raising awareness.答案D细节理解题。根据第二段的In 2008，.in Hong Kong.可知Stanley Shea在香港唤起民众抵抗鱼翅交易的意识，以此来抵
21、制鱼翅交易。3Merchants dont like mentioning shark fins in front of a camera because _Athey are too sad to talk about themBthey are too angry to talk about this topicCthe topic is too sensitive for them to talk aboutDthey have been commanded not to talk about them答案C细节理解题。根据第三段的But in front.just too sensit
22、ive，they say.可知他们不愿意在摄像机前谈论鱼翅是因为这个话题太敏感了。4 It is implied in Paragraph 4 that nowadays in Hong Kong _Athe role of shark fins has changedBonly wealthy people like eating shark finsCpeople consume shark fins in a secret wayDpeople dont know much about shark fins答案A推理判断题。根据第四段的In the past，.this signifie
23、r changes可知鱼翅在香港人们的生活中扮演的角色已经变了。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Tea drinking was common in China for about one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea. People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive. It could not
24、 be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity. Some of them were not sure how to use it. They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves. Then they served them mixed with butter and salt. They s
25、oon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches. Tea was rare and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century. During th
26、e next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it. At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more appreciate of tea. Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day an outstanding French lady named Madame
27、 de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added. She found it so agreeable. Because she was such a great lady, her friends thought they must copy everything she did, so they also drank their tea with milk in it. Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only ver
28、y few British people drink tea without milk. At first, tea was usually drunk after dinner in the evening No one ever thought of drinking tea in the afternoon until a duchess (公爵夫人) found that a cup of tea and a piece of cake at three or four oclock stopped her getting “a submerging(沉浸) feeling” as s
29、he called it. She invited her friends to have this new meal with her and so, tea-time was born. 56Which of the following is true of the introduction of tea into Britain? AThe British got expensive tea from India. BTea reached Britain from Holland. CThe British were the first people in Europe who dra
30、nk tea. DIt was not until the 17th century that the British had tea. 57This passage mainly discusses. Athe history of tea drinking in Britain Bhow tea became a popular drink in Britain Chow the British got the habit of drinking tea Dhow tea-time was born 58People in Europe began to drink tea with mi
31、lk because. Ait tasted like milk Bit tasted more pleasant Cit became a popular drink DMadame de Sevigne was such a lady with great social influence that people tried to copy the way she drank tea 59We may infer from the passage that the habit of drinking tea in Britain was mostly due to the influenc
32、e of . Aa famous French lady Bthe ancient Chinese Cthe upper social class Dpeople in Holland【参考答案】56-59、 BADC 阅读理解。The pound new Library of Birmingham（LoB）will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization（数字化）of everyday life.Set to open in 2013, the 188 m LoB is alre
33、ady beginning to tale shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, with which it will share some equipment.As digital media（媒介）is important to its idea. the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.Brian Gambles, the LoB p
34、roject director, says it is about giving people the right tools for learning, “The aim is to mix the physical with the digital. Providing 24-hour services which can be used through many different ways. It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”The digital library will, he
35、says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.Even before the LoB is complete, the public has been able to go online to visit the Virtual（虚拟的）LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists. No
36、t only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.Two other small Birmingham-based digital companies are working on the LoB projects. Substrat, a digital design compa
37、ny, is developing what it calls “enlarge reality” project. It is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the LoB which is in the early stages of development is an online library of figures of the city being built by a digital content company in Cahoots, in which users will be
38、encouraged to add to and comment on the material.Gambles says: “Technology will enable us to make the librarys content and services open to citizens as sever before.”( ) 1. The underline part “its idea” in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of_.A. the equipment B. the projectC. the digital media D. the
39、physical library( ) 2. While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can_.A. get a general idea of the LoBB. meet many world-famous expertsC. learn how to put up a library buildingD. understand how the specialists work on the project( ) 3. Which of the following is true of the LoB when it opens?a. It o
40、ffers better learning toolsb. It reaches users in different waysc. It provides users with smart phoned. It allows users to enrich its materiale. It gives non-stop physical and digital servicesA. a, b, d B. a, c, e C. b, c, d D. b, d, e( ) 4. This text is most probably taken from .A. a put book B. a
41、library guideC. a handbook D. a newspaper report【答案与解析】【要点综述】本篇文章为新闻报道类文体。文章报道了Library of Birmingham（伯明翰图书馆）将会投巨资改建成一个全新的数字化图书馆的事情。1B词义推断题。通过分析单词所在的这个句子，可知its（它的）指代的是主句中的主语“这个工程的”，its idea便是指the idea of the project。2A细节理解题。根据第6段第2句“Not only have the public been able to learn about LoB, but the virtu
42、al one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens.”可知答案为A。B、C、D说法均有误。3A细节理解题。根据第4段“it is about giving people the right tools for learning”， “which can be used through many different ways”及第7段“in which users will be encouraged to add
43、 to and comment on the material”可知。4D推理判断题。文章首段便简明地概括了文章主题，全文体现较明显的及时性，这是新闻类文体的典型特征，据此可判断文章应来源于一篇新闻报道。【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 It may surprise bookworms, but apparently masterpieces such as Jane Eyre are lacking in something sound effects. An electronic-book firm is adding backgr
44、ound noises and music to the works of Charlotte Bronte, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and William Shakespeare in the hope of attracting younger readers. In one example, a description of rain lashing against a window in a Sherlock Holmes story will be “enhanced” with matching noises.The first multimedia e-b
45、ooks with sounds to accompany novels will be available this Friday in the UK. The Booktrack releases are available to iPad users, with other tablet computer versions to follow. The concept is already in use in the U.S., where the classics come with added sound effects. Readers for example can hear t
46、he china cups chinking in Mr. Darcys garden as they read Pride And Prejudice. A story by Booker Prize winner Salman Rushdie will be released later in the year with a specially crafted orchestral score. Rushdies story In The South will be released with a soundtrack provided by the New Zealand Symphon
47、y Orchestra. The Power Of Six by Pittacus Lore, a novel for young adults, is one of the first to be tested with a soundtrack which builds in suspense in keeping with the plot. It works by timing the speed of each reader and the software measures the “turning” of a page and moves the music or sounds
48、along accordingly. It has been created by Booktrack which synchronizes (使同步) music to each novel. It is funded by Peter Thiel, a co-founder of PayPal. Mr. Thiel said, “Its always exciting to witness the creation of a new form of media. The technology promises to captivate readers in a different way.
49、”However, they have been greeted with horror by traditionalists, who say the technology takes away the pleasure of having ones imagination stimulated by a story. They also raise the prospect (预期) of having to ask an overly eager reader to turn their book down. David Nicholls, whose bestseller One Da
50、y was recently turned into a film starring Anne Hathaway, said, “This sounds like the opposite of reading. It would be a distraction.”1. Whats the purpose of the electronic-book firm adding sound effects to masterpieces? A. To add some creative factors to the e-books. B. To arouse interest of the re
51、aders. C. To satisfy the readers great need. D. To promote the technology progress.2. Where was the idea that sounds are added to accompany novels first put forward? A. Britain. B. Australia. C. New Zealand. D. America.3. The following should be done to make a soundtrack work, EXCEPT _. A. measuring
52、 how long each reader spends in reading B. increasing the volume of the music or sounds C. making out the reading speed D. changing the music or sounds with pages turned 4. Whats Mr. Thiel attitude to the future of the new form of media? A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Hopeful. D. Pessimistic.参考答案14、BDBC
