1、Unit 2Robots Section Learning about Language & Using Language.重点单词1bound adj. 一定的；密切相关的2parttime adj. 兼职的fulltime adj. 全职的3staff n. 全体员工；手杖4junior adj. 较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的；n. 年少者；晚辈；等级较低者5talent n. 天才；特殊能力；才干talented adj. 有才能的6theoretical adj. 理论(上)的；假设的theory n. 理论；学说7thinking n. 思想；思考thought n. 想法8di
2、vorce n. 离婚；断绝关系；vt. 与离婚；与脱离9obey vt. & vi. 服从；顺从disobey vt. & vi. 不服从；违抗10assessment n. 评价；评定assess vt. 评价；评定.重点短语1set_aside 将放在一边；为节省或保留(钱或时间)2in_all 一共；总计3be_bound_to 一定做4search_for 搜寻5take.seriously 认真对待.重点句式1while用作连词，意为“然而”While some owners were firm with their robots suggestions, others would
3、 turn around and walk out of the shop, feeling embarrassed.有些主人坚信他们的机器人的建议，而另一些主人会尴尬地转身走出商店。2强调句型It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious.早在阿西莫夫11岁时，他的写作天赋就已经显露出来了。3one用作代词Among his most famous works of science fiction, one for which he won an award was the
4、Foundation trilogy (19511953), three novels about the death and rebirth of a great empire in a galaxy of the future.在他那些最著名的科幻作品中，有一部获奖作品叫作基地三部曲(19511953)，由三部小说组成，讲的是未来银河系中一个伟大帝国的灭亡和再生。4as if虚拟语气的用法Use a clear simple style as if you were (be) writing to younger students in your school.运用简洁明了的写作风格，就好
5、像你是写给你们学校低年级的学生那样。课文预读A BIOGRAPHY OF ISAAC ASIMOVIsaac Asimov was an American scientist and writer who wrote around 480 books that included mystery stories, science and history books, and even books about the Holy Bible and Shakespeare. But he is best known for his science fiction stories. Asimov ha
6、d both an extraordinary imagination that gave him the ability to explore future worlds and an amazing mind with which he searched for explanations of everything, in the present and the past.Asimovs life began in Russia, where he was born on 2 January, 1920. It ended in New York on 6 April, 1992, whe
7、n he died as a result of and HIV infection that he had got from a blood transfusion nine years earlier.biography/barf/ n. (由他人撰写的)传记；传记文学holy/hlI/ adj. 神的；上帝的；圣洁的定语从句who wrote around 480 books that included.修饰an American scientist and writer。该定语从句中又包含一个定语从句that included.对books加以修饰和限制。be best known f
8、or因最负盛名imagination/ImdIneIn/ n. 想象(力)；创造力；幻想物explore vt. 探索，探险search for搜寻，寻找where he was born.是where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰Russia。as a result of作为的结果transfusion/trnsfjun/ n. 输血艾萨克阿西莫夫传第12段译文艾萨克阿西莫夫是美国的科学家兼作家，他写过大约480本书，包括怪诞小说、科学和历史方面的书，甚至还写过有关圣经和莎士比亚的书。但是，他最有名的作品是他的科幻小说。阿西莫夫不仅有着超凡的想象力，使他能对未来世界进行探索，而且还有着惊人的智
9、力，使他搜寻对现在的和过去的各种事物的解释。阿西莫夫的一生从俄罗斯开始，他生于1920年1月2日。其一生在纽约结束，他于1992年4月6日去世，他是因为9年前的一次输血中感染了艾滋病病毒而去世的。第3段译文阿西莫夫3岁的时候，就随同父母和年仅一岁的妹妹迁到纽约。在那儿，他的父母买下了一家糖果店，后来一直经营了大约40年。阿西莫夫9岁的时候，母亲怀了第三个孩子，他就开始在糖果店里兼职工作了。他读中学和大学的那段时期都在糖果店里工作，一直到1942年，也就是他获得化学硕士学位一年以后他才停止糖果店的工作。1942年他成为费城海军造船厂的一名初级化学师，并在那里工作了3年。1948年他获得化学博士学
10、位。第二年他在波士顿大学的医学院任生化教员。1958年他放弃了教学工作成为专职作家。第4段译文早在阿西莫夫11岁的时候，他的写作才华就已经显露出来了。他把他写的小说中的两个章节讲给一个朋友听。这个朋友还以为他是在复述某本书上的故事呢。这使阿西莫夫很惊讶，从那以后，他就开始把自己当做一名真正的作家。1939年，阿西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表小说，1950年出版了他的第一部小说，1953年出版了他的第一部科学书籍。第56段译文阿西莫夫一生中获过多次奖，既有科幻小说奖，也有科学书籍奖。在他那些最著名的科幻作品中，有一部获奖作品叫做基地三部曲(19511953)，由三本小说组成，讲的是未来银河系中一个伟
11、大帝国的灭亡和再生。基本素材取自罗马帝国的衰败，但讲的是有关未来的事情。这些书之所以有名，是因为阿西莫夫创造了一种理论框架，用以阐述各种想法在未来可能会如何发展。他的短篇小说集我，机器人(1950)也是享有盛名的，在这本书里他提出机器人的三大“原则”。举例来说，第一条原则就规定机器人不得伤害人类，也不能允许人类受到伤害。他有关机器人的一些想法影响了后来的其他作者，甚至影响了那些从事人工智能研究的科学家们。阿西莫夫结过两次婚。他于1942年同他的第一任妻子结婚，生有一男一女。这次婚姻持续了31年。1973年离婚后不久，阿西莫夫又结婚了，但是他与第二任妻子没有生育儿女。课文理解.课文判断正(T)误
12、(F)1Asimov was born in America on 2 January, 1920.(F)2In 1931 Asimovs talent for writing became obvious.(T)3Asimov found his talent for writing by chance.(T)4In 1950, he published his first science book.(F)5“The Foundation trilogy” consists of three stories about the death and rebirth of a great emp
13、ire in a galaxy of the future.(T).课文阅读理解1What kind of books is Isaac Asimov best known for?AMystery stories.BScience and history books.CBooks about the Holy Bible.DScience fiction stories.答案：D2How old was Isaac Asimov when he became a biochemistry teacher at Boston University?A22.B28.C29. D38.答案：C3W
14、hich of the following is NOT true?AIsaac Asimov was born in Russia in January, 1920.BIsaac Asimov began to write novels in 1939.CIsaac Asimov moved to America with his parents when he was three years old.DIsaac Asimov gained a masters degree in 1941.答案：B4Which of the following is the RIGHT order acc
15、ording to the text?aIsaac Asimov worked as a junior chemist in the Philadelphia Navy Yard.bIsaac Asimov began to publish stories in science fiction magazines.cIsaac Asimov became a fulltime writer.dIsaac Asimov was infected with HIV.eIsaac Asimov got a divorce from his first wife.Ab a e c d Bb a c e
16、 dCa b e c d Da b d e c答案：B5The main idea of the fifth paragraph is about Isaac Asimovs _.Abirth date and place BeducationCawards Dfamily life答案：C junior adj. 较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的n. 年少者；晚辈；等级较低者(教材P16)In 1942 he joined the staff of the Philadelphia Navy Yard as a junior chemist and worked there for thre
17、e years.1942年他成为费城海军造船厂的一名初级化学师，并在那里工作了三年。be junior to比年轻；比职位低be.years sbs juniorbe sbs junior by.yearsbe.years junior to sb. 比小几岁be senior to 比年长；比职位高即学即用(1)Though Tom is two years junior to me, he is senior to me in our office.尽管汤姆比我小两岁，但在办公室里他的职位比我高。(2)The president was so young that he was junio
18、r to some of his employees.总裁的年龄很小，甚至比他的一些雇员都小。(3)He is the_junior member of the committee.他是委员会里资历较浅的成员。(4)Diana is 12 years her_husbands_junior/junior_to_her_husband.黛安娜比她丈夫小12岁。(5)同义句转换He is ten years younger than me.He is ten years junior_to me.He is ten years my_junior.He is my_junior_by ten ye
19、ars.2 (教材P16)It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious.早在阿西莫夫11岁的时候，他的写作才华就已经显露出来了。(1)show a talent for表现出才能have a talent for 对有天赋；有的天赋(2)talented adj. 有天资的；才华横溢的gift n. 天赋；天资have a gift for/of 有的天赋gifted adj. 有天资的；有天赋的即学即用(1)Britain has lost lots of its foot
20、ball talents to clubs abroad.英国有许多足球天才流失到了国外足球俱乐部。(2)He has a talent for singing.他有唱歌的天赋。(3)As we all know, the young man named Anson Ping is a talented/gifted singer.我们都知道，这个叫平安的年轻人是位有才华的歌手。(4)一句多译据说他的女儿很有音乐天赋。It is said that his daughter has_a_talent/gift_for_music.It is said that his daughter is_
21、gifted/talented_in_music.divorce n. 离婚；断绝关系vt. 与离婚，与脱离(教材P16)Soon after his divorce in 1973, Asimov married again but he had no children with his second wife. 1973年离婚后不久，阿西莫夫又结婚了，但是他与第二任妻子没有生儿育女。get a divorce from sb.divorce sb. 与某人离婚divorce.from. 使与脱离；与离婚divorced adj. 离婚的，离开的；脱离的be divorced from 脱离
22、；与离婚get divorced 离婚即学即用(1)They believed that art should be divorced from politics.他们认为艺术应该与政治分开。(2)It is because of the divorce between college education and society that many university graduates can only find an ordinary job.正是由于大学教育与社会分离，许多大学毕业生只能找到一份普通的工作。(3)Did Mr Hill divorce_his_wife because
23、of such things?因为这些事情，希尔先生要与太太离婚吗？(4)Their marriage ended_in_divorce.他们的婚姻以离婚收场。(5)They are warned not to be_divorced_from the people of the masses.他们被告诫不要脱离人民群众。(6)同义句转换Miss Yao divorced Mr Ling before the 2011 Spring Festival.Miss Yao got_divorced_from/divorced_herself_from/got_a_divorce_from Mr L
24、ing before the 2011 Spring Festival.Miss Yao and Mr Ling got_divorced before the 2011 Spring Festival.Miss Yao has_been_divorced from Mr Ling since the 2011 Spring Festival.(教材P14)Since these aprons are of such poor quality, they need to be set aside and take back to the shop.既然这些围裙质量如此差，需要把它们收起来，退回
25、商店。set up建立；树立set dowm 记下；放下set off 动身；出发；使爆炸set out 出发；开始做(to do sth.)set about 着手；开始做(doing sth.)即学即用You had better set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.你最好每天抽出一些时间来锻炼以便你能保持精力旺盛。Benjamin Franklin set about learning (learn) printing at an early age.本杰明富兰克
26、林早年就开始学习印刷术。John set out to_improve (improve) his handwriting.约翰开始努力改进他的书法。2 (教材P14)There were sixty in all.总共有60人。at all根本(常用于否定句和疑问句)after all 毕竟；终究；别忘了above all 首先；最重要的是(强调重要性)all in all 总的来说first of all 首先(强调顺序)即学即用There are 2,000 people in all who are in favour of his plan.总共有2 000人支持他的计划。To ma
27、ster another language is better than learning nothing at_all.掌握一门外语总比什么都不学要好。To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, above_all,_honest.要想优秀，你必须聪明、自信，最重要的是，诚实。3 take.as. 把当作This really surprised Asimov and from that moment, he started to take himself seriously as a writer.这使阿西莫夫感到很惊讶，从那以后，他就开
28、始认真地从事写作了。take.for.以为是take.to. 给前去；把拿给take it easy 别紧张；别着急；慢慢来take.for granted 认为理所当然即学即用I am sorry; I took you for your brother.对不起，我把你误认为你哥哥了。His father often takes him to the park at weekends.他爸爸经常在周末带他去公园。“Take it easy”， said Jim to the other boys carrying the table down the stairs.吉姆对抬桌子下楼的其他男孩
29、们说“慢慢来”。 While some owners were firm with their robots suggestions， others would turn around and walk out of the shop，feeling embarrassed.有些主人坚信他们的机器人的建议，而另一些主人会尴尬地转身走出商店。(1)该句为复合句，while作并列连词，表对比，意为“而，然而”。(2)while的用法：写出下列句中while的含义Men tended to be violent while women acted in the opposite way.然而Whil
30、e I was working for a wedding, a pearl necklace disappeared.当时She worked in a bank for a while before studying law.一会儿While those seeds are expensive, the companies tell farmers that they will make good profits.虽然have sth.done结构中过去分词作宾语补足语，表示被动的含义，此结构有时也可以用get sth.done来替换；其常用三种含义如下：选择下面句子中have sth.d
31、one的含义My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month._B_The villagers had many trees planted just then._C_I had my house painted three weeks ago._A_.单词拼写1The young man is fond of literature so much that we all think he is bound (一定的) to be a novelist one day.2I met one of my junior (初级的)
32、classmates in the street yesterday, but her name escaped me and I felt embarrassed.3The couple quarreled a lot and eventually ended in divorce (离婚)4Last month, we had a talent (才能) show which was a great success.5He made a careful assessment (评价) of the present situation in the world.6Li Tong got a
33、parttime (兼职的) job as a research assistant.7She and her sister are collecting materials for the biography (传记) of their father.8As students, we are supposed to obey (遵守) the school rules.9She has a great affection (感情) for her hometown.10Everyone says, “There is always a gap between imagination (想象)
34、 and reality, the former is always more ideal than the latter.”.选词填空set aside, in all, be bound to, be junior to, have a talent for, take.as., as long as, have an affection for, get a divorce from, be based on1Its reported that the weather is_bound_to get better tomorrow, so we will have a picnic.2T
35、o his parents satisfaction, the young man has_a_talent_for singing.3Lucy got_a_divorce_from her husband two years ago and now she has adapted to living alone.4Brought up by his grandparents, the man has_an_affection_for them.5The report is_based_on figures from six different European cities.6The hal
36、l was crowded with people. It is said that 1,000 people in_all attended the conference.7Youd better set_aside a few hours to practice your spoken English every day.8My job is to help those who are_junior_to me in my class.9English is_taken_as a useful means for research work.10As_long_as youve paid
37、in advance, we wont charge you for the delivery.翻译句子1如果你听从你老师的建议有效地学习，你一定会被一所知名大学录取。(be bound to)You are bound to be admitted to a famous university if you follow your teachers advice to study effectively.2这个病人准备让人量体温。(have sth.done)The patient is going to have his temperature taken.3她看起来好像年轻了十岁。(as
38、 if)She looks as if she were ten years younger.4你学习越努力，进步就越大。(the比较级)The harder you study, the greater progress you will make.5这儿是几则有关汽车的广告。(倒装)Here are some advertisements about cars.6正是在我学习上有困难时，我妈妈一直鼓励我不要灰心。(强调句)It is when I have difficulties in study that my mother always encourages me not to lo
39、se heart.7一般而言，男孩擅长数学，而女孩擅长语言。(while)Generally speaking, boys are good at maths, while girls are good at language.8这些是不同的机器被连接起来所用的电线。(介词关系代词的定语从句)These are the wires with which different machines are connected.补全句子1Here_comes_your_opportunity to show your creativity!展示你的创造力的机会来了！2Its a pity that yo
40、u missed the world robot assembly held in Beijing in 2017.很遗憾你错过了2017年在北京举办的世界机器人大会。3Li Hua speaks English very well as_if_he_were_English/British/an_Englishman.李华的英语说得非常好，就好像他是英国人。4To my disappointment, the doctor had_me_waiting in the room for the whole afternoon.使我失望的是，那个医生让我在房间里等了一个下午。5They sat in the garden, talking_about_the_days_they_spent_together last year.他们坐在花园里，谈论着去年他们一起度过的日子。
