1、兰州市2016高考英语二轮阅读理解学生选练（12）及答案阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Psychologists have discovered that even the most independent-minded of us will conform to social pressure when we are with a group of people. In one classic experiment, people were shown a vertical（垂直的） line and asked to find a line of
2、 identical length from a selection of three.You might think that this is an absurdly easy task, and when people perform it by themselves they do it very well. However, psychologists have discovered that we are very easily swayed by the opinions of other people when we do this task in a group. In one
3、 study, a group of three people was set up, where two of the people were confederates（同伙） of the experimenter. When the confederates deliberately gave wrong answers, people were often swayed to give the wrong answer also. In fact, 75% of people gave at least one wrong answer, with some people confor
4、ming to peer pressure on every occasion.But why do people conform in this way? In an easy task like this, it seems that people do not want to step out of line with the prevailing opinion of the group. On more difficult tasks, people also conform because they lose confidence in their own ability to m
5、ake decisions and prefer to trust the majority opinion instead.A typical example of this kind of conformity arises when we come across people in distress. Would you help a woman who has been attacked in the street? It turns out that you are much more likely to go to her assistance if you are alone.
6、When other people are also around, a diffusion of responsibility occurs. People are paralysed into inaction, because everyone assumes that someone else will go to the womans assistance.1. In Paragraph 1, the underlined word “conform” probably means “ ”.A. seek independence B. disobey ordersC. follow
7、 what others doD. seek pleasure2. What is the purpose of the experiment described in Paragraph 2?A. To explain why people would be influenced by the opinions of others.B. To prove that people are easily influenced by the opinions of others.C. To train the confederates of the experimenter as independ
8、ent-minded.D. To describe how people would be influenced by the opinions of others.3. In the last paragraph, according to the author, why wouldnt one help the woman?A. He thinks he has no responsibilities to give a hand.B. He thinks he has nothing to do with it.C. He is too shy to give his helping h
9、and.D. He thinks someone else will offer assistance.4. What method does the author mainly use to develop the text?A. Giving examples.B. Cause-effect analysis. C. Comparative analysis.D. Process analysis.【参考答案】1-4、CBDAASince I started working part-time at a grocery store, I have learned that a custom
10、er is more than someone who buys things. To me, a customer is a person whose memory fails entirely once he or she starts to push a shopping cart(车). One of the first things customers forget is how to count. There is no other way to explain how so many people get in their express line, which is clear
11、ly marked 15 items(件) or less, with 20, 25 or even a cart load of items.Customers also forget why they came to the store in the first place. Just as I finish ringing up an order, a customer will say, “ Oops, I forgot to pick up a fresh loaf of bread. I hope you dont mind waiting, while I go to get i
12、t.”Five minutes later, hes back with the bread, a bottle of milk, and three rolls of paper towels. What is stranger is that customers also seem to forget that they have to pay for their groceries. Instead of writing a check or looking for a credit card while I am ringing up the groceries, a customer
13、 will wait until I announce the total. Then, in surprise, she says , “ Oh no, what did I do with my check book?” After 5 minutes of digging through her purse, she borrows my pen because she has forgotten hers. But I have to tolerate customers because they pay my salary, and thats something I cant af
14、ford to forget.21. What does the author say about his customers?A .They can not count numbers.B. They sometimes jump the queue.C. They dont know how to express themselves.D. They behave as if their memories had totally failed.22. According to the text, who are supposed to be in the express line?A Cu
15、stomers with nothing purchased.B. Customers with not more than 15 items.C. Customers with items between 15 and 2523. When customers arrive at the check-out counter,they_A. find their pens lostB. go back and get more itemsC. can not wait to pay for their groceries.D. prefer paying by check to paying
16、with a credit card.24. We can infer from the text that _A. business in the grocery store runs wellB. the author finds his present job full of funC. the authors part-time job calls for patienceD. customers go to grocery stores without planning.2124 DBBC BFlappy Bird is flapping(拍打) its wings no more.
17、 The popular game for mobile equipment was removed from online stores on Sunday by its Vietnamese creator. Who said its fame “destroys my simple life”Dong Nguyen, who created the game in just two to three days, was making as much as $50,000 a day from the games advertising income. In several Twitter
18、 posters, he said the games removal was not due to legal issues(问题) and that he may make a follow-up.Mr. Nguyen, who describes himself as an “ enthusiastic independent game maker”, also said on the micro-blogging mobile game so far. Coming out in May 2013, the game was free to download and required
19、players to tap the screen to keep the bird in flight.In spite of its simple graphs, Flappy Bird was an extremely difficult game since many users could only keep the bird in the air for a new seconds before it hits an obstacle (障碍物) and falls.After Mr. Nguyen took the game down, many fans turned to s
20、ocial media to ask for its return. The game is no longer a available through online stores, but it still works on phones that had previously downloads it. However, some fans expressed their relief that the game was gone. One user described Flappy Bird as “ an addictive game that everyone hates to lo
21、ve” while another said, “I think its for the best, and for the best of all the broken down phones out there.25. Dong Nguyen took Flappy Bird down because_A. it was against the lawB. it was easily destroyedC. it disturbed his normal life.D it could break down phones.26.WhatcanwelearnaboutDongNguyenfr
22、omthetext?A.Heisaddictedtoplayinggames.B.Helikestomakegamesbyhimself.C.HeearnedalotbysellingFlappyBird.D.Herosetofameafterremovinghisgame.27.WhatweretheusersreactionstoDongNguyensremovingthegame?A.Somefelthappyandrelaxed.B.Somegotsoangrythattheyaccusedhim.C.Someregrettedtheycouldntkeepthebirdinfligh
23、t.D.Someaskedsocialmediatohelpdevelopanothergame.28.Whatwouldbethetitleforthistext?A.FlappyBird-AMobileGameB.FlappyBird-AComputerGameC.DongNguyen-AGameCreatorD.DongNguyen-ATalentedPerson2528 CBAA C ThisbeautifulbeachhousewasbuiltinanaturalenvironmentinsideaprivategatedcommunitynamedLagunaVista.Itiso
24、verlookingtheshiningwatersofthePacificOcean.Here,CostaAfricasrichnaturalbeautyisalwaysatyourdoorstep.Only25minutesdrivefromtheairport.Itoffers3differentlevelswhichcanberentedseparatelyorinitstotality.Eachlevelisdesignedtoofferyoucomfort,privacyandsecurity.PoolAirconditioningHotwaterPrivatebalconiesA
25、llfurnishedPleasevisitourwebsiteandfeelfreetocontactusformoreinformation. WelcometoOurSmallCottageStudioComplexWeareasmallcottagestudiocomplex,whichisverypopularduetoourlocation-fourblockstothebeach,threeblockstoStateStreetandtwoblockstothefarmersmarket.Anditisfurnishedwiththebasisandisequippedwitha
26、fullkitchen.ManyofthestudiosgetwirelessInternetasareward.Inthesummer,youcanvisitourcottagestudiosasanaffordablealternativetoahotel.Ifyouareinterested,callusat547-193-1534. FeelComfortableinOurApartmentHomesMoonIslandisabrandnewfurnishedapartmentbuilding,closetotheSueRiverandPearPark.2minuteswalktoth
27、ecitycentre.Houseforrenthereprovidesperfectfacilitieslikeoutdoorswimmingpool,gymnasium,childrenplayground,etc.Ithasa42FlatLCDTV,air-conditioner,refrigerator,kitchenfittings,24-hourhotwatersupply,24-hoursecurityguard,etc.Thetransportationisveryconvenient.2br:6500RMB3br:7800RMB29.Accordingtothetext,wh
28、atiscommontothethreeplaceisthat_. A.thecitycenteriswithinwalkingdistance B.thepriceisbothreasonableandaffordable C.thegymnasiumisavailableforalltheguests D.thebasicfacilitiesinthemarewellprovided30.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceprobablymean? A.Youshallgetmoneyifyousurftheinternet B.Youhavetogoonthein
29、ternetintheworkshops C.Youcanusetheinternetfreeinmanyoftherooms D.Youhavetopaysomemoneytogoontheinternet31.Accordingtothetext,ifyouretiredofhotelsinthesummer,youcan_. Achooseacottageroomforachange BbuildanapartmentinMoonIsland CbuyafurnishedhouseinCostaRica Dshareastudioclosetothecitycenter2931 DCA
30、D Musiclessonsinearlychildhoodbringaboutchangesinthebrainthatcouldimproveitsperformancefarintoadulthood,researcherssay.Brainscansofyoungadultsshowedthosewhohadformalmusicaltrainingbeforesevenhadthickerbrainareasdealingwithhearingandself-awareness Thefindingsnotehowbraindevelopmentcanbeinfluencedbyth
31、eagewhenchildrenstarttolearnamusicalinstrument,andhowthosechangescancontinueintolaterlife. Earlymusicaltrainingbenefitskidsmorethanjustmakingthemenjoymusic.Itchangesthebrain,whichcouldbringaboutcognitiveadvancesaswell,saidYunxinWangofBeijingNormalUniversity. “Our results suggest its better to start
32、musical training before seven, which agrees with what most piano teachers recommend,” she added. She hoped the results might help parents decide when was the best for their children to learn an instrument. The brains cortex(皮层) plays a leading role in ones abilities, from thought and language to mem
33、ory and attention. The area matures rapidly in the early years of life, and its development could be affected more if a person starts musical training before it fully matures. Wang studied 48 Chinese students aged between 19 and 21 who had received formal music training for at least a year sometime
34、between the ages of 3 and 15. Each had a scan to measure the thickness of the brains cortex. After considering sex and the number of years spent having music lessons, Wang found that musical training that started before seven appeared to thicken areas of the brain involved in language skills and exe
35、cutive function, which is a persons ability to plan and accomplish tasks.“Were not sure why these changes occur, but a reasonable explanation is that early starters might depend more on hearing clues(线索) when learning music, since it might be more difficult for younger children to read music,” Wang
36、said.32. According to the researchers, musical training before the age of seven can _. A. contribute to future work. B. create a successful life C. develop all-round abilities D. deal with puzzling problem33. When conducting the research with the students, Wang _. A. tested their language abilities
37、B. watched their musical performances C. focused on school behavior and achievements D. measured the thickness of the brains cortex34. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _. A. it must be hard for kids to read music B. kids are more likely to learn music by hearing C. Wangs explanation h
38、as been the most reasonable D. Wang will research into the reasons for the brain change35. For what purpose does the author write the text? A. To describe the development of brain. B. To challenge the previous discoveries. C. To present the findings of the research. D. To give advice on how to learn music.3235 ADBC
