1、代词人称代词主格（作主语）：I am his cousin.我是他的堂/表兄弟。（I）作宾语：Those peole dont trust me.那些人不信任我。(me)作表语：“Whos knocking at the door?”“Its me.”“谁在敲门？”“是我。”(me)宾格代词知识网络形容词性 作定语：My father is a poet.我父亲是诗人。(My)作主语：This car is Toms.Mine is over there.这车是汤姆的，我的在那边。(Mine)作宾语：Hes a friend of mine.他是我的一个朋友。(mine)作表语：I thoug
2、ht that book was mime.我原以为那本书是我的。(mine)名词性物主代词代词动词宾语：He devoted himself to writing.他致力于写作。(反指he)介词宾语：She must be proud of herself.她一定为自己感到自豪。（反指she）主语同位语：I myself will present the prizes.我将亲自去颁奖。(强调I)宾语同位语：I saw the lady herself.我见过那个女士本人。(强调 the lady)作同位语(强调)习语 by oneself 独自，独立地：She lives by hersel
3、f.她独居。(与she一致)作宾语(反指)反身代词代词泛指：another(另一个人或物；只接单数名词)，others(别人，别物)特指：The other(两者中的另一个)，the others(其余的人或物)one.the other.(两者中)一个.另一个.some.the others.(多者中)一些.其余的.some.some.others.一些.一些.另一些.“两者”或“多者”both,all(都)；either，any(任一)；neither,none (都不)“另一”“别的”搭配不定代词代词不定代词She kept some money in her desk drawer.她
4、在书桌的抽屉里放了一些钱。望得到肯定回答：Can you give me some advice?你可以给我一些建议吗？邀请:Would you like some cake or biscuit?你要吃点蛋糕还是饼干?建议：How about having some coffee?喝点咖啡怎么样?反问：Arent there some stamps in that drawer?那抽屉里不是有几枚邮票吗?疑问句肯定句一些some代词不定代词否定句：I suddenly realized Id come out without any money.我突然意识到，我一点钱没带就出来了。条件句：G
5、ive me some if there are any.如果有的话，给我一些。疑问句：Is there any advantage in getting their early?早到那里有什么好处吗?一些anyif/whether从句：I wonder whether there is any difficulty.我不清楚是否有困难。任何，任一（可用于肯定句）：He can repair any cars.他可以修理任何汽车。代词不定代词修饰或代替可数名词：few,a few,many修饰或代替不可数名词：little,a little;much替代词 it,that,those,the
6、one由some-,any-,every-,no-与-one,-body,-thing 构成“多”或“少”复合不定代词代词其他代词疑问代词：what,which,who,whom,whose Who invented the steam engine?谁发明了蒸汽机?相互代词：each other,one another learn from each other;help one another指示代词：this,that,these,those,such,so Such is the situation we are facing.这就是我们所面临的情况。连接代词：who,whom,who
7、se,which,what(详见名词性从句)关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that(详见定语从句)代词环境：Its quiet in the classroom.教室里很安静。代词It的用法形式主语：Its no use shouting.喊叫是没有用的。形式宾语：I find it hard to concentrate.我觉得很难集中注意力。强调结构：It is Mr Li who often encourages me.是李老师经常鼓励我。时间：Its three years since I last saw her.我三年没有见到她了。距离：Its 10 mile
8、s from here to my office.这里离我办公室有10英里。代前面整句：Youve saved my life;Ill never forget it.你救了我的命，我是永远不会忘记的。代词It的用法天气：It is raining.在下雨。刚提到的事物（它）：“Wheres your car?”“Its in the garage.”“你的车在哪里？”“在车库。”婴儿或动物：“What a beautiful baby!”“Is it a boy?”“多漂亮的孩子啊！“是男孩吗？”确认身份：“Who is it that has come?”“Its Tom.”“是谁来了？”
9、“汤姆。”语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has _(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.its真题回顾修饰名词origin，应用形容词性物主代词。2.(2021全国新高考卷)As the song goes,this long and winding road“will never disappear”,and it will always stick in the visitors memory.It sure does in _(I).min
10、e本句中does指代上文的stick，句中缺少宾语，与前文的the visitors memory相对应，用mine，相当于my memory。3.(2018全国卷)If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give _ a try.4.(2018全国卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find
11、_(they)alive.it/running作间接宾语，代替前文的running，用it。当然直接填running也可以。them作动词find的宾语要用宾格，故填them。5.(2017全国卷)However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months,more than 25,000 people were using _ every day.6.(2020全国卷)Data about the moons composition,such as how much ice and other
12、treasures it contains,could help China decide whether _(it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base are practical.it作using的宾语，用宾格人称代词；指代前文中的the railway，用it。its在名词plans前作定语，用形容词性物主代词its，指“中国的”计划。7.(2016全国卷)On my recent visit,I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by_(it)mother.its在名词mot
13、her前作定语，用形容词性物主代词its，指前文中提到的“那个活跃的三个月大的双胞胎的”母亲。8.(2014全国卷)“Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh dear!Its _(I).”mine/me句中It可能是替代my suitcase，意为“那是我的箱子”，故填mine；也可能是代替anyone,意为“丢东西的人是我”，故填me。9.(2020新高考全国卷)Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the digital wor
14、ld with the guidance of _(we)Further Resources section featured in each volume.our在名词Further Resources section前作定语，用形容词性物主代词，故填our。10.(2020新高考全国卷)As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟)and imagine _(they)living at a different time in history or walking through
15、a rainforest.themselves反指主语 visitors，故填反身代词 themselves。imagine sb doing sth意为“想象某人做某事”。考情：自2014年以来的全国卷中，代词在语法填空共考了12题，属于常考考点。在上述语法填空中，8 题给了提示词：3 题是给出it，要求考生填入its；2题是给出they，要求考生填them或themselves；2 题是给出 I，要求考生填mine/me；1题是给出we，要求考生填our；2题是纯空格题，要求考生填it。1.在语法填空的纯空格中，如果空格处是句子的主语和宾语，一定是填代词。因为作主语或宾语的典型词类就是名词
16、和代词，而在纯空格中是不要求考生根据上下文推断来填名词的，所以只能是填代词；然后根据句意弄清指代对象，指代对象在上下文(主要是上文)中找，找到后填入空格看句意是否通顺；最后根据指代内容是人还是物，是男还是女，是单数还是复数等，填入一个适当的代词。2.如果语法填空中给出了代词的基本形式，要根据要填的词在句中的作用来判断填哪种形式。作定语用形容词性物主代词，作主语用人称代词主格，作宾语和表语用宾格；同时注意，名词性物主代词也可作主语、宾语和表语，但意思不同，它相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。此外，还需要注意偶尔会考查反身代词。语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Now
17、 Fans husband is in charge of Jun porcelain(钧瓷)making while she is responsible for sales._ have combined Jun porcelain production with modern art and often share thoughts about designs together.They模拟操练作主语，指代Fans husband和Fan，故填They。人称代词2.During autumn,these same mountains are gold,and in winter _ ar
18、e covered with white frost.3.It would appear that the physical act of smiling makes our brain think we are happyeven if we are not and just like that,it brings about a physiological response that makes _(we)feel better and more relaxed.they指代前面的mountains，故填they。us作makes的宾语，用宾格形式。修饰名词book作定语，用形容词性物主代
19、词。4.After what seemed ages of waiting,the club was finally accepted by the majority of students in my school.An increasing number of students supported _(we).us作supported的宾语要用we的宾格形式us。物主代词5._(he)book The Wizenard Series:Training Campcame out in March.His6.Afterwards,a real tree is planted by Alipay
20、 and _(it)partners in some of the countrys most dry areas.7.Sarah helped Janet with _(she)homework and patiently explained every exercise to Janet.its修饰名词partners作定语，用形容词性物主代词its。her修饰名词homework需用形容词性物主代词。8.His high school physics teacher said Cao had a strong ability to study on _(he)own and was br
21、ave to challenge teachers and ask difficult questions.9.They have to loosen their control,give the kids time of _(they)own,and let them take the initiative.his因on ones own是固定搭配，意为“独立地；独自地”。their因of ones own为固定搭配，意为“属于某人自己的”。10.Zhong said it was Fan who had influenced her and gave her the confidence
22、to study archaeology,and she wanted to follow in Fans footsteps and devote _(she)to the field.herself因devote oneself to sth(献身于或致力于做某事)是固定搭配。反身代词11.One day when Nicholas was walking past a cottage,he overheard a man talking to _(he)that there was not enough money for his daughters to find a husband.
23、12.I kept telling _(I)just to show them the real me.himself因talk to oneself为固定搭配，意为“自言自语”。myself因主语和宾语都是“我”，故应用反身代词。13.Released under the brand Chinese Book Store,Chinese Character Origin Cards has earned _(it)a lot of positive market feedback.14.I love coming to Beijings parks at this time of year
24、because I can always enjoy _(I),bathing in the last of the good weather and golden colours.itself本句的主语和宾语所指相同，都指Chinese Character Origin Cards，因此宾语应使用反身代词，故填itself。myself因enjoy oneself(玩得开心)是固定搭配。15.Even in high-tech Japan,_ is impossible not to see businessmen,farmers,mothers or workers in the stre
25、ets on their bikes.it因it is impossible to do sth为固定搭配，意为“做某事是不可能的”。it的用法16.There are psychological benefits associated with being real when _ comes to Facebook posts and likes,a team of US researchers at New Yorks Columbia Business School found.17.At Zhongshuge,a bookstore and library in Yangzhou,Ch
26、ina,the books go on forever.Or at least,thats what _looks like.it因when it comes to为固定搭配，意为“当涉及”。it指代前文的Zhongshuge，应用代词it。18.Today we visit a small museum in the American state of Maryland._ is called the National Cryptologic Museum(国家密码博物馆).19.Better still,the extra water could be directed to the dr
27、y Chengdu Plain,making _ suitable for farming.itIt指代前文的the dry Chengdu Plain，用it。句子缺主语，此处指代前文的a small museum，应用it。20.The unique outside not only satisfied a practical function,but also made _ possible for the buildings to have wonderful appearances.21._ is a widely practiced custom for people to enj
28、oy a bowl of noodles on their birthday as a symbol of longevity(长寿).it此处it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是the buildings to have wonderful appearances。It此处it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是the buildings to have wonderful appearances。22.The meaning of the Chinese characters is to add(ji)oil(yu),which implies adding oil/fuel to an engine to
29、fire _ up.23._ took artist Guo Feng two months to complete the black-and-white painting named Yongsheng in Chineseit句子缺宾语，应填代词；指代前面的engine，故用it。It因It takes somebody some time to do sth(某人花费时间做某事)是固定句型，其中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth。24.Its no surprise that smartwatches are so popular nowadays _ seems tha
30、t everyone wants to buy one!25._ is possible that hackers(黑客)could steal this data from app companies and use it to break into users phones and steal their money.it本句真正的主语为that从句，缺少形式主语，故用代词it。It作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句，也可将It is possible that(有可能)看作一个固定句型。26.In keeping a diary in English,we certainly r
31、un up against many difficulties.In the first place,_ happens that we have trouble expressing our minds with appropriate words and phrases.27.I dislike _ when the air is bad because bad air makes it difficult for me to breatheit因it happens that(碰巧；往往会发生)是固定句型。it因I dislike it when(我不喜欢的时候)是固定句式。28.Eve
32、ry new year in the heartland of industrial China thousands upon thousands of motorcyclists brave the weather and hit the road,determined to make _ home.29.Xia finally made _ in his fifth attempt on May 14,2018it因make it+地点表示“(尤指在困难情况下)准时到达”。it因make it意为“获得成功”。30._ was also during this age that simil
33、ar games were being played in Korea and Japan,and gradually worldwide.31.Seippel has been playing music since he was just 12 years old.But it was not until he was 24 and living in China _he learned to play the pipa.It与wasthat构成强调结构，强调时间状语during this age。that因it was not untilthat是notuntil(直到才)的强调结构。3
34、2.Why was Cao able to make the discovery?His teachers think it is Caos independent learning ability and interest in doing experiments _ matter.that本句为强调句，其句型结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+who/that+剩余部分，故填 that。33.For one thing,different regions are famous for growing different types of tea For _,people in diff
35、erent regions tend to prefer drinking different teas.another因 for one thing for another 为固定搭配，意为“一方面另一方面”。不定代词和疑问代词34.The arrival of 5G has attracted a lot of people.It not only brings fast mobile Internet,but also enables us to connect with machines.So _ is 6G supposed to bring,especially for ordinary people?what分析句子成分可知，本句缺一个疑问词，结合句意可知，此处要表达的是6G会带来“什么”，故用疑问代词what。THANK YOU!
