1、二、文体写作一点通(一)应用文应用文是一种常见的文体。在日常生活、学习和工作中,个人与个人之间的交往,个人与集体之间的联系,集体与集体之间的往来,都需要用文字进行交流,这种用于交流的文章称为应用文。应用文的语言必须平实、准确、简洁,格式规范,结构严谨,信息真实。应用文的种类繁多,如书信、通知、发言稿、演讲稿、日记、广告、海报、电子邮件、寻物启事、招领启事、邀请函等。从近几年的高考书面表达可以发现,在每年的高考题中,应用文占相当大的比例。2013年的18套试卷中有12套考查了应用文,2014年的18套试卷中有13套考查了应用文。2015年的15套试卷中有9套考查了应用文,其中书信和电子邮件仍是应
2、用文中最常见的写作体裁,如:新课标全国、新课标全国、北京卷写作任务(一)、四川卷、天津卷、重庆卷写作(二)、陕西卷等。下面着重讲解书信、电子邮件等常见应用文体的写作技巧。1.书信书信是人们进行书面交流的文体,主要包括私人信件、公务信函。英文书信大致分为私人信件(Personal letter)和业务信件(Business letter)两类。前者通常指私人间来往的信件;后者指单位与单位或单位与个人之间,因接洽工作而来往的信件,主要包括商业信函、求职信、推荐信、感谢信、请柬等。英文书信格式通常包括以下六个部分:信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语和签名六个部分。高考中的书信,信的开头和结尾一般在题
3、目中都已经给出,只要求学生写出正文。 正文的内容可以是记述一件事情、讨论一些问题、说明某个事理、解释某个原因等,究其实质,就是记叙文、说明文、议论文在实际生活中的应用。1.书信常用开头语Thank you for your letter dated July 2.感谢你7月2日的来信。Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to.很高兴收到你询问我关于如何(做、学)的信。We are planning to visit the nursing home to celebrate Chongyang Festival
4、and wed like to invite you to join us.我们计划去敬老院庆祝重阳节,诚心邀请你(们)加入。What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th!收到你5月5日的来信真是一件乐事!It is always a thrill to see your nice handwriting.看到你隽秀的字迹总是让我兴奋不已。With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that.从你这个周日的来信中我高兴地得知I am very much pleas
5、ed to inform you that.我很高兴地通知你How is everything with you lately?最近一切可好?I wish to apply for the teaching position you are offering.我想申请你们提供的教师职位。Thank you for your warm congratulations.感谢你的热烈的祝贺。2.信中语tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事get information about.得到关于的信息in addition并且;除此以外(还有)explain sth.to sb.向某人解释某事
6、write sb.a letter saying.给某人写信说thank you for.感谢你hear from sb.收到某人的来信talk about/of sth.谈论某事apart from the above除了以上所提whats more不止如此3.结束语Looking forward to your early reply.期盼尽快收到你的回复。Hoping to hear from you soon.希望尽快收到你的回复。Im expecting your answer!期盼您的回复!Your early reply will be highly appreciated.如蒙
7、早日回复,将不胜感激。Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you.如需其他详情,当欣然奉告。If you agree with me,please call me at 2856688.如果你同意我的意见,请打电话2856688。Please let me know if you are interested and if you have any other question Id be happy to help.如果您感兴趣并有任何其他问题请让我知道,我将乐于帮助您。I hope you can enjoy y
8、ourself.希望你能玩得开心。Please accept my gratitude!请接受诚挚的谢意!Thank you for your time and kind consideration.多谢你能抽出宝贵时间给予考虑。1.投诉信模板一般采取架构三段式写作:(1)提出投诉内容;(2)说明具体情况;(3)提出解决办法。Dear ,I am (自我介绍).Im writing to you for something/to tell you something about (投诉的内容)./Im sorry to write to you,but I feel it my respons
9、ibility to do so,because (投诉内容).The reason for my dissatisfaction is (总体介绍).In the first place, (抱怨的第一个方面).In addition, (抱怨的第二个方面).Under these circumstances,I find it (感觉)to (抱怨的方面给你带来的后果).Id appreciate it very much if you could (提出建议和请求),preferably (进一步的要求),and I would like to have this matter sett
10、led by (设定解决事情最后期限).Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua2.建议信模板一般采取架构三段式写作:(1)点出建议的主题;(2)说明建议的内容;(3)表达愿望。Dear ,Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to (引出对方需要建议的主题).Here are a few suggestions.First,it is important t
11、o (建议一).Then,it also helps to (建议二).Besides,it should be a good idea to (建议三).You can also (根据要求用不同的句式提出建议).As to (其他的建议),I suggest (需要具体到某一方面).In addition,(其他的建议).Im sure (预测可能的结果,给对方以行动的信心和决心).I hope you will find my suggestions useful and Im looking forward to (表达愿望).Sincerely yours,Li Hua3.祝贺信模板
12、一般采取架构三段式写作:(1)写清祝贺事由;(2)回顾受贺人的成功经历;(3)进一步表达自己的祝愿。Dear, I have learned with delight that you (祝贺事由).I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on (祝贺事由).You must be (被祝贺人的心情).And I feel very happy for you. (所取得的成绩)is quite exciting news!I know this is surely owing to (被祝贺人过去的努力).It is a
13、 reward you richly deserve for your (被祝贺人的优点).Kindly let me know when you (咨询对方何时有空).I hope (表达自己的愿望).My best wishes for your further success.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【实例1】(2015新课标全国)假定你是李华,你校英文报“外国文化”栏目拟刊登介绍美国节日风俗和中学生生活的短文。请给美国朋友彼得写信约稿,要点如下:1.栏目介绍;2.稿件内容;3.稿件长度:约400词;4.交稿日期:6月28日前。注意:1.词数100左右。2.可以适当增
14、加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头语已为你写好。Dear Peter,Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper. One possible version:Dear Peter,Id like to ask you to write an article for our schools English newspaper.The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.It car
15、ries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States? And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals,and the life of American high scho
16、ol students.You can write anything relevant so long as its interesting and informative.400 words would be fine.Could we have your article before June 28?Im looking forward to hearing from you.Yours,Li Hua【实例2】(2015重庆写作二)B是一个面向全球的图书分享网站。该网站组织的分享活动有两种参与方式:一是自由分享(wild release),即把书放在指定地点,由其他参与者自由获取;二是定向
17、分享(controlled release),即直接传递给另一位参与者。假设你是李华,请用英文写信申请参加。内容应包括:表明写信目的选择一种分享方式简述做出该选择的理由希望了解更多信息注意:词数不少于80。 One possible version:Dear Sir or Madam,Learning that you are organizing this activity to share books worldwide,I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own a la
18、rge number of books.Youve introduced two ways to share books: wild release and controlled release.Of the two,the latter wins my favor.By the means of controlled release,I only need to deliver books to other participants.Not only are books shared but it can build up a bridge connecting readers from d
19、ifferent parts of the world as well.If you could provide more specific information,I would be well grateful.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua2.电子邮件Internet的普及,使得越来越多的人使用电子邮件进行交流。与书信比起来,电子邮件没有复杂的格式,只有称呼、正文、结束语、签名等,而内容则与书信没有区别。1.称呼电子邮件一般使用非正式的文体,称呼不像书信那样严格,朋友、同辈之间可以直呼其名,对于长辈可以加上头衔或者姓。 2.正文正文是
20、电子邮件的主体部分。可每段第一行右缩进,转行顶格,也可每行都顶格。3.结束语结束语(客套话)通常也很简明。常常只需一个词,如:“Thanks”“Best”“Cheers”,也可以用一般信函中的“Sincerely yours”或“Best regards”。4.签名直接写发件人的姓名即可。Im writing to ask if you can come next week.我写信是想问你下周能不能来。I was delighted to receive your e-mail.收到你的邮件我很高兴。I cannot tell you how much your e-mail delighte
21、d me.我无法表达你的来信使我多么高兴。I intend to give up my present post in order to get a more challenging opportunity.我打算放弃目前的职位,以便得到一个更有挑战性的机会。He is good at solving difficult problems with logical mind.他善于用逻辑思维解决难题。It gave me a great deal of pleasure to learn.我十分高兴地获悉Accept my heartiest congratulations.接受我最衷心的祝贺
22、。I wish/Let us wish you all the happiness in the world!我祝愿/让我们祝愿你享有世界上的一切幸福!Thank you for contributing so much to the pleasure of our stay in.感谢你为使我们在的停留期间过得愉快所做的一切。1.表示感谢的电子邮件模板一般采取架构三段式写作:(1)感谢原因;(2)具体细节;(3)再次感谢。Dear, I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for (感谢的原因).If it had not been for y
23、our assistance in (对方给予的具体帮助),I fear that I would have been (没有对方帮助的后果).Everyone agrees that it was you who (给出细节).Again,I would like to express my warm thanks to you! Please accept my gratitude.Yours sincerely,Li Hua2.表示邀请的电子邮件模板一般采取架构三段式写作:(1)发出邀请;(2)活动内容介绍;(3)表达愿望。Dear Mr./Mrs.,(开门见山提出活动时间、地点).It
24、 would be pleasant to have you here(表达邀请愿望).Will you give me the pleasure of your company(正式发出邀请)?During the party/conference,we will have lots of activities/points youll be interested in (开始介绍活动的内容).First .Second .I know/believe youll be very interested (引出受邀请人参加的理由).First/For one thing .Second/For
25、 another .The party/conference would not be complete without you(总结受邀请人参加的必要性)!The party/conference will begin at (再次确定具体时间).Is it possible for us to meet at the (提出具体约定地点)?We do hope you can come(再次诚邀).Yours,3.表示请求的电子邮件模板一般采取架构三段式写作:(1)提出请求内容并给出原因;(2)提出进一步的请求;(3)致谢并提出愿望。Dear ,I am writing to formal
26、ly request to (请求的内容).The reason for is that (给出原因).I ,so I (给出细节).I would also like to request (提出进一步的要求). I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.Thank you for your attention to these requests.If you have any questions,do not hesitate to contact me at (电话号码).Im looking forward to a favorabl
27、e reply.Yours sincerely,Li Hua(2015新课标全国)假定你是李华,计划和同学去敬老院(nursing home)陪老人们过重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。请给外教露西写封邮件,邀她一同前往,内容包括:1.出发及返回时间;2.活动:包饺子、表演节目等。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.结语已为你写好。 Looking forward to your reply.YoursLi HuaOne possible version:Dear Lucy,Id like to invite you to join u
28、s for a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.It is the day for the elderly in our culture.Well go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there.Well also spend some fun time together singing,dancing and playing games,which we hope will make them h
29、appy.We should be back around 4 oclock in the afternoon.If you are able to come with us,please let us know and well wait for you at the school gate at 9 in the morning.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua3.日记日记是用来叙述一天生活中发生的重要事情的文体,特别是那些具有教育意义和值得回忆、查阅或参考的事情,其素材应是最有趣或最有感受的一些事情。日记的写作手法灵活,形式多样,以记叙
30、文或简单的议论文为体裁,字数不宜太多。1.日记的格式通常在左上角写星期几(Sunday,Monday,Tuesday等)。随后写日期,顺序可以是月、日、年(如August 5th,2015),也可以是日、月、年 (如5th August,2015)。月份常可写缩略式,如:Jan.,Oct.,Dec.等。在右上角写天气情况(如:rainy,sunny,cloudy,fine等),第二行开始写日记的正文。2.日记的时态记日记的时间,一般是当天晚上或第二天,所做的事情已经过去了,所以动词多用过去时态,间或用过去完成时和过去进行时。当表示习惯的动作、客观事实、普遍真理、名言或谚语时,要使用一般现在时。
31、如果要发表自己的打算或决心,可使用一般将来时。3.表示天气状况的词语fine晴天的;sunny阳光充足的,阳光明媚的;cloudy阴天的,多云的;hot炎热的;cold寒冷的;cool凉爽的;snowy下雪的;foggy有雾的;rainy下雨的;warm暖和的;windy刮风的;stormy暴风雨的。It was a sunny day.那是个晴朗的日子。He praised us/me for what we/I had done.因为我们(我)所做的,他表扬了我们(我)。I was busy but happy today.今天我很忙,却很高兴。We felt happy because
32、we had done a good job.我们都很高兴,因为我们做了一件好事。What a significant day I had today!我今天过得多么有意义啊!From this I realized that we shouldnt waste our time of today and shouldnt put todays work off to tomorrow.由此我意识到我们不应该浪费今天的时间,不应该把今天的事推到明天。Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不等人。Nothing is difficult if you put your
33、heart into it.世上无难事,只怕有心人。Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友。对于记事式日记,考生需描述事件发生的时间、地点、人物、原因、经过及结果,最后对事件进行简单分析。对这类题型,通常分三个步骤来写,即采取三段式写作。第一段:主题句交代清楚故事涉及的人物、时间、地点。第二段:具体描述具体描述事件发生的原因、经过和结果。第三段:对事件的分析和感受【实例1】(2013北京)假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的学生李华,请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,用英语写一篇周记,记述爸爸出差期
34、间,妈妈生病,你照顾她的过程。注意:1.周记的开头已经为你写好。2.词数不少于60。Last Monday, One possible version:Last Monday,my father said goodbye to my mother and me and went on a business trip.He would be away for three days.Just the next morning,I found my mother wasnt feeling well.She had a cold.I immediately went to get her some
35、medicine and then prepared some noodles for her.With my special care,my mother recovered quickly.When my father came back home,my mother told him what had happened.He praised me for what I had done.I feel very happy that I have done something for my mother.【实例2】最近,你们班召开了以“我的中国梦”为主题的班会活动。请你用英语写一篇日记,叙
36、述班会情况。内容要点:1.每位同学都畅谈了自己对“中国梦”的理解;2.谈谈自己的梦想;3.如何实现自己的梦想。注意:1.词数不少于100;2.不可逐条翻译;3.开头部分已给出,不计入总词数。Wednesday,April 8thFineRecently,we had a class meeting on the topic of My China Dream. One possible version:Wednesday,April 8thFineRecently,we had a class meeting on the topic of My China Dream.Inspired by
37、 President Xi Jinpings China Dream,everyone talked enthusiastically about his understanding of the China Dream.We all believe that this dream will come true in the future.I also talked about my own dream.I have always wanted to be a doctor.Not only can doctors save peoples lives but also can help pe
38、ople to live a better life with their professional knowledge.To realize my dream,I must try to work hard from now on.I must learn as much as I can so that I can get into a good medical college,where I can prepare myself adequately for the job of a doctor.Only in this way can I achieve my goal.4.通知通知
39、主要是上级对下级,组织对成员布置工作、传达精神或召开会议时所采用的一种文体。当然,同级的组织、单位有事情要互相讨论或协商,也可以互发通知。通知不同于书信、日记等文体,语言要规范,切忌使用模糊不清的语言和俗语。时间、地点及有关事宜一定要交代清楚。在通知中,被动语态使用较多,且多半用将来时态。通知包括口头通知和书面通知两种:1.口头通知口头通知只是一种备用稿的形式,发通知的单位和日期都可以省略不写,开头往往要有称呼语,结尾通常也有结束语,在写口头通知的时候一般不加标题。既然是口头通知,在语言上应尽可能口语化,如:There will be.;Were going to.等。口头通知在写作时,多用第
40、二人称表示被通知的对象。2.书面通知书面通知是一种比较正式的通知,为了醒目起见,一般要有标题(NOTICE),要写明发通知的单位及日期,以便让有关人员一目了然。发通知的单位名称,应写在“Notice”一词上面,也可写在正文后面右下角。较正式的通知必须有单位负责人的署名,署名下面写上职务。发通知的日期一般写在左下角,但有时可以省略。写书面通知要力求简明扼要,通常由以下五点组成,即时间、地点、事情、相关人员以及注意事项等。书面通知的时态:常使用一般将来时和一般现在时。书面通知的对象:一般采用第二人称。口头通知通常使用下列句型:1.称呼语:Boys and girls孩子们Dear classmat
41、es亲爱的同学们Ladies and gentlemen女士们,先生们2.正文开头:Attention,please.请注意。May I have your attention,please?请注意!Please be quiet.请安静一下。I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事要告诉你们。Ive got something important to announce/say.我有重要的事要宣布(说)。Ive got an announcement to make.我有个通知要发布。Im glad to tell you that.我非常高
42、兴地告诉你们3.结束语:Dont be late.不要迟到了。Be sure not to be late.一定不要迟到。Please be present on time.请准时到场。Please take your notebooks with you and be on time.请带着笔记本准时到场。Those who are interested in it are warmly welcome.我们将热烈欢迎那些对此感兴趣的人。Thats all.Thank you.就这么多,非常感谢。书面通知通常使用的语句有:Notice is given here that. 通知说All o
43、f you are requested to note that.通知要求你们所有的人注意A report on computers will be given by Prof.Smith.史密斯教授将给我们做一个关于计算机的报告Class One and Class Two,Grade One will go to the Xishan Park to.一年级一班和二班将到西山公园去Please be there on time.请按时到那儿。Everybody is expected to attend.希望所有的人都参加The sports meet will be put off ti
44、ll.运动会将推迟到1.口头通知模板一般多采用三段式或一段三层式写作。Greeting(Boys and girls/Ladies and gentlemen/Friends,)May I have your attention,please? I have an announcement to make.There will be (通知内容) in/at (地点、时间).The (内容).All the teachers and students are required (要求).Thats all.Thank you.2.书面通知模板一般多采用一段三层式写作。Title (Notice
45、/NOTICE)In order to (目的), (活动/事件)will be held (具体地点、时间).The (事件大体内容).Those who (要求).All are welcome to join in the contest. (发布通知者)(通知发布日期)【实例1】假如你是班长,根据下面的内容和提示,写一篇100词左右的口头通知。事由:欢迎澳大利亚学生来校参观。参观时间:6月15日上午9:0012:00。参观人数:约60人。活动安排:1.8:30在校门口迎接。2.9:00带客人到会议室开联欢会。3.领客人参观植物园、校办工厂。4.11:00在操场进行篮球比赛。5.客人12
46、:00离校。注意事项:1.对客人要友好。2.要用英语交谈。 One possible version:Boys and girls,May I have your attention,please? About sixty Australian students will come to visit our school on June 15.Well meet them at the school gate at 8:30.At 9:00,well take them to the meeting-room,where a get-together will be held.After th
47、at,well show them around our botanical garden and the school-run factory.At 11:00 there will be a basketball match on the playground.Theyll leave our school at 12:00.Please be friendly to them.We must talk with them in English.Thats all.Thank you.【实例2】为了丰富学生的校园生活,培养学生的英语交际能力,你校决定设立一个英语角,为同学们提供用英语交流的
48、平台。请根据下面表格的内容,写一篇英语通知,张贴在校园网的通知栏。时间本周五下午4点地点图书楼前面的花园旁边事件英语角活动启动仪式内容1.校长宣布学校的“英语角”活动开始;2.每周五下午4:005:00开放;3.邀请英语老师和外教出席,欢迎英语爱好者积极参加;4.用英语交谈各种话题。注意:1.词数100左右,题目已经给出,不计入总词数。2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。The English Corner is to start this Friday One possible version:The English Corner is to start this FridayTo enric
49、h our school life and provide a good opportunity for English learners to communicate with each other,the English Corner of our school is to start this Friday afternoon.The opening ceremony will be held at 4:00 pm near the garden in front of the library building.The headmaster is to announce the open
50、ing of the activity.All the English lovers are welcome to join the activity,where you can practise oral English as well as make new friends.You can come to practise speaking English every Friday afternoon from 4:00 pm to 5:00 pm.You can talk about diverse topics in order to exchange ideas with other
51、 English learners.English teachers and foreign teachers of our school are invited to be present in the activity.If you are interested,please come and join us in it.Please come to the English Corner and have fun in speaking English.5.发言稿发言稿是在公共场所向一群人宣告某事件的文稿。发言稿可以分为欢迎辞、欢送辞、演讲稿、倡议书等形式。1.格式:发言稿一般由三部分组成
52、:开头语、正文和结束语。开头语一般来说比较简单,目的就是要吸引听众或读者的注意力。2.结构:正文是发言稿的主体部分,主要是提供论点和相关的论据等,论点要明确,论据要充分有力。为了使发言稿的结构清晰明了,一般采用分段的方式将缘由和结果或要求表达出来。3.语言:发言稿以简单句为主要的表达形式。同时,发言稿的语言必须有感染力,常使用祈使句、感叹句、强调句等句式来达到这种目的。写作时要注意适当地使用关联词承前启后,用词要得体,符合语言环境。4.时态:时态一般以将来时为主,但介绍已发生的情况或发出倡议的背景时也可以使用一般过去时、一般现在时或现在进行时。Its a great honor for me
53、to stand here and give my speech.站在这里发表演讲,我非常荣幸。Im very glad to have a chance here to make a speech on.在此做有关的演讲我感到很高兴。Today we are having a party here to.今天我们在此聚会来It gives us great pleasure to get together with a guest from the United States of America.和来自美国的客人相聚我们感到非常高兴。Welcome to our city.Now let
54、me introduce.to you.欢迎来到我们的城市。现在让我来向您介绍I think it is a good opportunity for us to talk with Mr.Smith.If you have any questions on learning English,please feel free to ask him for help.我认为和史密斯先生进行交谈对我们来说是一个很好的机会。如果你们有关于英语学习的任何问题,请随时向他寻求帮助。一般采取架构三段式写作(1)发言主题;(2)列举具体的现象;(3)总结。Boys and girls/Ladies and
55、gentlemen,Its a great honor for me to stand here and give my speech.My name is (自我介绍).The topic of my speech is (发言主题).To begin with,many people suggest that.Secondly.Thirdly. (话题或现象列举).What I want to stress is that (重申主题).For one thing.For another.Besides.(原因或重要性列举).In a word, (总结). Thank you (for
56、your listening).(2014江西)假定你是星光中学的高中毕业生李华,母校将为高一新生举办主题为“What to learn in senior high school?”的英语沙龙活动,特邀请你结合自身经历谈谈自己的体会。请根据以下提纲准备一份英语发言稿。1.学会学习:方法、习惯等;2.学会做人:真诚、友善等;3.其他方面:考生自拟。注意:1.词数120左右;2.发言稿开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。Good morning, everyone! It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what to
57、learn in senior high school. Thank you!One possible version:Good morning, everyone! It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.In the coming three years,our school life will be challenging.Firstly,we should learn to learn efficiently.Personally,I u
58、sed to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals.Developing a good habit is also of importance.It really benefited me a lot to preview lessons,get actively involved in class,and review what had been taught after class.In addition,we should learn how to get along well with others.In school,I
59、 respected teachers and was friendly with classmates.It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere.Finally,we should take part in sports and outdoor activities frequently.They were really helpful to build up my body and enrich my school life.No pains no gains.I am su
60、re that with your great efforts,you will enjoy a colorful and fruitful life here.Thank you!6.征文征文属于启事类写作的一种,又称征文启事。一般是指为了某项活动而进行的一次性征求稿件的通知。征文启事的写作,关键是要做到符合要求,内容清楚。内容一般有如下几项:1.征文的宗旨,即本次征文的意图。2.征文的对象,即哪些人可以参加本次征文活动。3.征文的要求,包括是否限定题目、题材,对体裁及字数的要求等等。4.征文的时间,即征文从什么时间开始,到什么时间结束。5.稿件的处理,如怎样评定奖次,设哪些奖级,是否公开发
61、表等。6.其他事项,如对稿件投送地址、接待人的交待,是否交评审费用等等。征文启事的格式与“通知”的格式大体相仿,前面有标题,可用“征文启事”四个字,也可起个名称以示区别,写成“杯赛征文启事”,还在“杯”后加上征文范围或对象,写成“杯全国(或省、市)(职业,如中学生、教师之类)作文大赛征文启事”等;结尾处有落款(即征文活动的发起单位或组织和发出时间)。Dont cross the road when the traffic light turns red.红灯时不要穿越马路。Never drink and drive!决不酒后驾驶!Everyone should devote himself t
62、o building our motherland into a strong country.每个人应该为把我们祖国建设成为一个强大的国家而奉献自己的力量。There is of no good to a friendly and harmonious society.这对创建友好和谐的社会是毫无益处的。He who travels far knows much.远行者见闻多。It is a shame to throw rubbish around.乱扔垃圾是可耻的。A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善终。Knowledge is power.
63、知识就是力量。Life is filled with challenges.It is those challenges that make me who I am.人生充满了挑战。正是这些挑战成就了今天的我。A life without a friend is a life without a sun.人生没有了朋友,犹如生活没有了阳光。一般采用三段式写作。1.根据征文要求,用精炼的文字或者名人名言引入正文;2.结合个人(他人)生活实例;3.个人的感悟,照应开头和主题。(2015安徽)某英文杂志正在举办以“Fancy yourself as an interviewer”为主题的征文活动,请
64、你以“A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview”为题,写一篇英语短文。 内容包括:1.采访的对象;2.采访的原因;3.想提的问题。 注意:1.词数120左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息;4.短文的标题已给出,不计入总词数。A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview One possible version:A Famous Chinese I Would Like to InterviewThe person I would like to interview is
65、 Yang Liwei.I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.I have long been interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great deal from him about it.If I could interview him,I would a
66、sk him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained.I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read.Finally,I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life,which must be very interesting.(二)记叙文记叙文是以叙述和描写为表达方式,以记人、叙事为主要内容的一种文体,
67、叙述人们的经历或事物的发展变化过程。1.写作特点和汉语记叙文一样,英语记叙文同样具备六大要素,即时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果。写记叙文时,要交代清楚时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)和事件(what),然后再进一步叙述事件(what)、原因(why)和结果(how)等要素。记叙文的命题形式主要是提纲式和图画式。写作时,时间、地点、人物等要素一般会出现在题目提示或图画中,有时也会出现有关要素不确定的情况。2.写作技巧记叙文的写作顺序主要包括顺叙、倒叙和插叙,常考的有顺叙和倒叙两种。顺叙是指按照事件发生、发展的先后顺序进行写作,而倒叙则是指将某些后发生的细节,甚至是事件的结
68、果先提到前面叙述,这样可以起到引人入胜的效果。正确把握文章的时态,这是最基本也是最重要的要求之一。记叙文的时态要视文章的题材而定。如故事类的文章,常以过去时态为主;描述一种常见的社会现象、自然现象等常用现在时态;而叙述未发生的、计划中的一些事件,要以将来时态为主。In the early spring the scenery is very beautiful.初春的景色分外美丽。Last week I was so burdened with homework that now I am delighted to be having an outing.上周我的作业负担太重了,以至于现在我很
69、高兴出去游玩一次。Till late into the night I couldnt fall asleep,thinking about the happiness I had in the day.夜很深了,想着白天的快乐时光,我还不能入睡。It was a very relaxing Sunday.这是一个很轻松的星期天。We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.我们享受一种都市繁忙生活之外的变化。There are a lot of activities at the beach.海滨有很多活动。Autumn is rich w
70、ith fruit and grain.秋天果实累累,五谷丰收。On the top of the mountain we enjoyed the fascinating view and had a picnic.在山顶我们饱览秀丽风光,品尝美味野餐。At about three oclock we danced our way down the hill with joy in our hearts.下午三点左右,我们欢呼雀跃着下山了。Attracted by the beautiful scenery,I quickly climbed up the east slope to enjo
71、y the natural view.被这迷人的景色所吸引,我迅速爬上东面的山坡去享受这大自然的美景。 记叙文通常采用三段式来写:第一段:总结描述,交代清楚故事涉及的人物、时间、地点;第二段:具体描述,具体描述事件发生的原因、经过和结果;第三段:对事件的分析。(本段可视写作要点及需要进行取舍)。【实例1】(2014重庆)青少年研究专家Susan Beacham在自己的英文网站上开辟专栏,邀请大家分享心目中的“最好礼物”。她认为,礼物贵在心意,应为之付出时间和精力。假设你是李华,请用英文发帖,内容应包括:赞同Susan的看法你收到或送出的最好礼物是什么该礼物的意义期待大家回复注意:(1)词数不少
72、于80;(2)符合语言规范;(3)开头已给出(不计入总词数)。I am a high school student from China. One possible version:I am a high school student from China.I quite agree with Susans idea that a present should not be valued because of its actual price but the time and efforts that the sender has devoted to it.I can still recal
73、l the day I left home to attend senior high school.Mother sent me a self-made sweater as a present,on which she had knitted some encouraging words.I had never expected mother would do that for me because I had always thought of her to be clumsy and only able to do the boring housework.She actually d
74、id it within half a year!The precious present is the best reminder that mothers love is the most precious and greatest love in the world.What do you think is the most precious present?I really hope everyone can give his or her ideas on this point.【实例2】(2015北京写作二)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,介绍在“传统文化
75、进校园”活动中,向面人艺术家学习捏面人的过程,并以“A Day with a Craftsman”为题,给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件。注意:词数不少于 60。提示词:一个面团 a piece of dough面人 dough figurine One possible version:Last Tuesday,our class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines.When the craftsman came into the classroom,we gave him a warm welcom
76、e and two boys helped him with the tool box.First,he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.We stood around him and watched attentively.Then we started to have a try ourselves.The old man walked around and helped us patiently.Finally,we put the figurines we made on the table
77、and took pictures with the old craftsman.Looking at the figurines,we were all very excited.We hope we can have more activities of this kind!(三)说明文说明文是指说明事物的情况或道理的文章,目的是介绍某一方面的知识。说明文一般分为三种类型:实体说明文,即说明书、广告、解说词等;事理说明文,即理论性概念解释、报刊简介等;文艺性说明文。说明文的特点是融知识性、科学性和准确性于一体。写好说明文的关键是抓住事物的特征,安排好说明顺序,即时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序
78、(先因后果或先果后因),让读者一目了然。说明文的写作应该注意以下几点:1.语言简明扼要,通俗易懂,避免夸张华丽的辞藻,要把真实的一面展现出来。2.说明时一定要把握一个中心主题。说明文中细枝末节较多,但不能喧宾夺主。3.说明的次序非常重要。合理的次序会使文章条理清楚,脉络明晰。因此,练习时可以尝试用不同的次序进行写作,找出最合理的一种。4.由于说明文写实性较强,有时难免会让人感到没有生气。因此,可以适当使用一些比喻、拟人等修辞手段,来增加文章的色彩。近几年,图表说明文和文字提示说明文也逐渐成为高考的重点和热点。由于客观事物是复杂的,要说清楚客观事物的特征及其相互关系,只用某一种说明方法是不能独立
79、完成的,所以要根据实际情况综合运用多种说明方法,以便从不同角度、不同方面全面、完整地介绍说明对象,从而增强表达效果。Our library is in the center of the school.There is a beautiful garden in front of it and our teaching building is right behind it.我们的图书馆位于学校的中心,前面有一个漂亮的花园,后面是教学大楼。Our library is open from 9 a.m.to 7 p.m.from Monday to Friday and closed on we
80、ekends.图书馆开门时间是周一至周五上午9点至下午7点,周末关门。According to the rule,every student can borrow as many as 5 books each time and keep them for ten days.根据规定,每个学生一次可以借5本书,可以借10天。Jiuzhaigou is well known for its beautiful lakes,of which the water is clear and looks colorful.九寨沟以美丽的湖泊而闻名,湖水清澈,流光溢彩。As we can see,most
81、 of the students in the picture are wearing glasses.正如我们所看见的,图片中大部分学生都戴着眼镜。Protecting ones eyesight is not only a personal concern but also a public one.保护视力不仅是个人关注的事情,而且也是需要公众关注的事情。The first/second thing we can do is to.我们能够做的第一件事/第二件事是Recently a survey has been done to.最近为了而做了一项调查一般采用三段式写作:第一段:总体介
82、绍(包括要说明事物的外貌、特点、性能等);第二段:具体说明,可列举一些典型事例;第三段:总结评价(包括喜爱、夸赞等情感)。(2015福建)请阅读下面图画,按要求用英语写一篇词数为120左右的短文。 内容要求:1.描述画面;2.概述其含义;3.谈谈个人感想。 注意:1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;2.可适当发挥,使文章内容充实,行文连贯;3.文中不能出现考生的具体信息。参考词汇:凿,钻:boreIn the picture, One possible version:In the picture,we can see a boy in worn clothes,sitting at a sha
83、bby wooden table with a pile of books on it.A weak ray of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he was absorbed in his reading.This is a well-known story from an ancient Chinese idiom.The boy,being poor,couldnt afford even a candle,so he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from hi
84、s neighbors house to read at night.The moral of the story is:spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.Of course,things are totally different today.It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts.Hard
85、work pays off.We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.(四)议论文议论文是以议论为主要表达方式的一种文体,它通过摆事实、讲道理的方式来辨明是非曲直,从而表达出作者的观点。1.议论文的特点构成议论文的三要素为论点、论据和论证。论点要明确,论据要充分,论证要严谨。近几年,高考英语议论文要求学生能针对某一现象或观点发表自己的见解。将叙述、描写、说明等手法结合到议论中,为论点提供依据;用说明为议论的展开创造条件,或为议论作补充。2.议论文写作的分段
86、为了使议论文结构严谨,思路清晰,通常采用三段式论证法:第一段:提出论点;第二段:运用论据对论点进行(正、反两方面的)论证;第三段:根据论证得出相应的结论。(1)第一段提出论点,引导下文围绕论点展开讨论:There are different opinions among people as to.Some people suggest that./Peoples opinions about.vary from person to person.Some people say that.关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为Today.which have brought a lot of harm
87、 in our daily life.First.Second.What makes things worse is that.现在它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先其次更为糟糕的是Nowadays,it is common to.Many people like.because.Besides.现在,很普遍。许多人喜欢因为另外(而且)(2)第二段分析问题,用论据来论证观点:On the contrary,there are some people in favor of.At the same time,they say.相反,有一些人赞成同时,他们说But I dont think
88、it is a very good way to solve.For example.Worst of all.但是,我认为这不是解决的好方法,比如最糟糕的是However,just like everything has both its good and bad sides.also has its own disadvantages,such as.然而,正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样,也有它不利的一面,比如I fully agree with the opinion (statement)that.,because.我完全同意这种观点(陈述),因为(3)第三段得出结论,总结全文:As
89、 far as I am concerned,I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.就我而言,在某种程度上我同意后面的观点。In a word,the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of.Only in this way can we.in the future.总而言之,整个社会应该密切关注问题。只有这样,我们才能在将来In my opinion,I think it necessary to.依我看,我认为有必要From what has been di
90、scussed above,we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that.综上所述,我们可以合理地得出结论一般采用三段式写作。1.论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法The topic of (主题) is becoming more and more popular recently.There are two sides of opinions about it.Some people say A is their favorite.They hold their view for the reason of (支持A的理由一).Whats
91、more, (理由二).Moreover,(理由三).While others think that B is a better choice for the following three reasons.Firstly, (支持B的理由一).Secondly/Besides, (理由二).Thirdly/Finally,(理由三).From my point of view,I think (我的观点).The reason is that (原因).As a matter of fact,there are some other reasons to explain my choice.
92、For me,the former is surely a wise choice.2.给出一个观点,要求反对这一观点Some people believe that (观点一).For example,they think (举例说明).And it will bring them (为他们带来的好处).As for me,I hold the opposite opinion.For one thing, (反对该看法的理由一).For another, (反对的理由二).From what I have said,I agree to the thought that (我对文章所讨论主
93、题的看法).3.不同观点列举型 (选择型)There is a widespread concern over the issue that (作文话题).But it is well known that the opinions concerning this hot topic vary from person to person.A majority of people think that (观点一).In their view,there are two factors contributing to this attitude as follows:In the first pl
94、ace, (原因一).Furthermore/In the second place, (原因二).So it goes without saying that (观点一).People,however,differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that (观点二).In their point of view,on the one hand, (原因一).On the other hand,(原因二).Therefore,there is no doubt that (观点二).As far as I
95、am concerned,I firmly support the view that (观点一或二).4.阐述主题型The good old proverb (名言或谚语)reminds us that (释义).Indeed,we can learn many things from it.First of all, (理由一).For example, (举例说明).Secondly, (理由二).Another case is that (举例说明).Furthermore, (理由三).In my opinion, (我的观点).In short,whatever you do,pl
96、ease remember the saying.If you understand and apply it to your study or work,youll benefit a lot from it.【实例1】(2014福建)如何理解“成功”,不同的人有不同的看法。请认真阅读下面的引语(quotation),按要求用英语写一篇短文。“Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm.”Sir Winston Churchill内容要求:1.你对该引语的理解;2.你的
97、相关经历;3.恰当的结尾。注意:1.短文开头已给出,不计入总词数;2.文中不能出现考生的具体信息;3.词数:120左右。This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that One possible version:This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldnt get discouraged right after failures.Rather,we should keep trying with enthusiasm.Success consists in t
98、he ability to continue efforts through failures.At the age of twelve,I got a nice bike as a birthday gift.So excited was I that I couldnt wait to try my hand at riding it.However,it was harder than expected.The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.Worse still,I took many falls off the bike
99、.I was about to give up when my father came and encouraged me to keep going.With more practice,I did better and better.Looking back,I feel I wouldnt be able to ride a bike had I lost heart.Actually,we cant succeed in everything we try.Whats important is that we should stick at it.【实例2】 高三学年即将面临高考,学生
100、学习压力很大,你校准备组织高三学生进行校外活动。你在班级作了一次调查,了解学生对这一活动的看法,发现高三学生对参加学校活动有着不同的看法,请以Taking Part in School Activities 为题,用英文写一篇150词左右的短文,着重介绍两种不同的观点和态度,最后谈谈你的个人看法。支持者(40%)反对者(60%)你的看法1.从实践中学到知识2.减轻学习压力 3.增加同学友情1.学生的首要任务是学习2.学校活动与学习无关3.浪费学习时间标题和开头已给出,不计入总词数。Taking Part in School ActivitiesAs for school activities,
101、students mainly hold two views. One possible version:Taking Part in School ActivitiesAs for school activities,students mainly hold two views.About 40% of the students are very enthusiastic about school activities; they have their reasons.Firstly,they think that learning from textbooks is not their o
102、nly task and they should take any chance to get some practical knowledge.Secondly,they think that after long hours study,they can relax themselves by participating in school activities.Besides,this is a good chance to develop good relationships with classmates.However,60% of the students take little
103、 interest in them and are strongly against the school activities.They believe that they should make full use of time to study,and that school activities have little to do with their further development.Taking part in school activities is a waste of time.Thus sometimes they even laugh at those who ta
104、ke an active part in school activities.As far as Im concerned,I prefer the first view.On the one hand,we can learn a great deal from other students we meet in activities.Furthermore,the modern society requires many qualities of young students,so “book worms” cant keep up with the times.(五)(半)开放式话题作文
105、随着高考英语的改革,英语作文的命题更具有开放性。2015年(半)开放式话题作文有所增加,如:湖南卷、浙江卷、重庆(一)、湖北卷、广东(二)。开放式作文不同于提纲式书面表达,提纲式书面表达往往给出较为详细的提示,基本规定了考生的思路和文章内容,考生只需把提示要点转译成英语,扩充适当的内容,加上一些适当的连接词连接上下文就行了,所以书面表达常有参考范文。而开放式作文只给出主题或两三点提示,由考生去发挥、构思,考生的思路是不同的,写出来的文章当然不会是一样的,所以开放式作文参考范文不具代表性。开放式作文的答题思路与汉语作文非常相像。首先要明确主题,然后根据主题搭建文章的主体结构,即写作提纲,接着进行
106、文章血肉的填充。在拟写作提纲时,要突出主题,层次分明。力求内容新颖,同时要做到思想健康,积极向上。【实例1】(2015 湖北)请根据以下提示,并结合具体事例,用英语写一篇短文。Questioning is a bridge to learning.When you begin to doubt something and search for an answer,you will learn.注意:无须写标题;除诗歌外,文体不限;内容必须结合你生活中的具体事例;文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称;词数不少于120,如引用提示语则不计入总词数。 One possible version:Questi
107、oning can lead to searching for an answer.If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to whether what we are told is true,we can find the correct answer and learn more.Two years ago,our teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class.Although the answer seemed a little strange,nobo
108、dy but I doubted it.Thinking that his solution might be wrong,I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way.Half an hour later,I managed to find the correct answer.When I showed my answer to him,the teacher praised me for my independent thinking.From this experience I
109、have learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge that helps us to seek the truth.【实例2】(2015浙江)在班级活动中,当你的想法与大多数同学不一致时,你是坚持自己的观点并说服别人,还是尊重大多数同学的意见?请你以“When I Have a Different Opinion”为题,用英语写一篇100120个词的短文。要求如下:1.从以上两种做法中选择一种;2.以具体事例阐述你选择的理由。注意:短文中,不得以任何形式透露地区、学校、同学姓名等真实信息。否则,按考试作弊行为认定。When I Have a D
110、ifferent Opinion One possible version:When I Have a Different OpinionWe may have different opinions in organizing class activities.We may have various ways to deal with such a situation.When I have a better idea,I would choose to stick to it.By doing so,I can not only share good ideas with others bu
111、t also learn to express myself clearly.Once we were discussing where to go for an outing.Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while I had an idea of going to a nicer place.I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea.We did have a good time that day.Good opinions are worth stic
112、king to because they can benefit us all.An alternative version:When I Have a Different OpinionWe may have different opinions in organizing class activities.When I have a different opinion,I may choose to give it up and respect the opinion of the majority.The main reason for my choice is that being b
113、rought up in a culture emphasizing collectivism,I tend to sacrifice my own interest for the group benefit.Once we were left to decide whether to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum.I would love to go to a museum,but most of my classmates wanted to go for a picnic.Without hesitation,I decided t
114、o follow them and we did have lots of fun that day.Sometimes giving up a little can mean getting more.满分作文临诵仿Passage 1假如你叫李华,是校学生会主席。现在,越来越多的高中生缺乏体育锻炼,导致身体素质下降。请你写一篇英语倡议书,张贴在学校的宣传栏中。内容包括:1.锻炼身体的重要性;2.分析缺乏锻炼的原因(学习任务太重、缺乏锻炼场地);3.发出倡议。注意:1.词数100左右,文章的开头已给出,不计入总词数;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Dear friends,Physical
115、exercise is important for us One possible version:Dear friends,Physical exercise is important for us because good health makes it possible for us to follow our interest and achieve our goals in the future.However,most of us students dont do sports regularly,which makes us weak and easily get tired.T
116、he reasons for this are clear:we have too much homework to do every day,thus having little time to take exercise;besides,there is not enough space where we students can do sports after class.To live an active life and keep fit,I suggest that effective measures should be taken to encourage students t
117、o take part in sports regularly.We students should be also aware of the importance of taking exercise no matter how busy we are.Passage 2假如你是校报负责人,急需在学校内聘一位同学任英文版的编辑,请你用英文以“An English Editor Wanted”为题目写一则招聘启事。内容要点如下:工作内容1.从英文报刊、杂志及互联网上选择适合学生的文章;2.选择并编辑同学们的来稿。对应聘者要求1.乐意奉献出一些业余时间为同学们服务;2.英文与美术皆好,能熟练使用
118、电脑;3.感兴趣的同学需在本周内与学生会(the Students Union)联系。注意:1.词数100左右;2.不要逐字翻译,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文。An English Editor Wanted One possible version:An English Editor WantedOur school newspaper is looking for an editor for its English edition.The job mainly includes two parts:One is to choose proper English articles from ot
119、her English newspapers,magazines or the Internet for us students.The other is to pick out articles from students in our school and edit them for use.We hope that he/she could meet the following requirements:First,he/she is willing to devote some of the spare time to serving others.Second,its necessa
120、ry for him/her to be good at both English and art.Needless to say that the ability to use the computer is important as well.Those who are interested in the job,please get in touch with the Students Union this week.the Students UnionPassage 3(2015菏泽模拟)假定你是李华,你所喜爱的Global Mirror 周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见。请你依据以下内
121、容给主编写封信,内容主要包括:1.说明你是该报的忠实读者;2.赞赏该报优点:(1)兼顾国内外新闻;(2)介绍名人成功故事;3.提出建议:刊登指导英语学习的文章。注意:1.词数100 左右,开头语已为你写好;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Dear Editor-in-Chief,Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror! Sincerely yours,Li HuaOne possible version:Dear Editor-in-Chief,Congratulations on the 5th anniversar
122、y of Global Mirror!Im a regular reader of your newspaper.I like it very much mainly for the following two reasons.First,it covers both national and international news so that,by simply turning the pages,I can learn all important things that have happened during the week.Equally attractive are the su
123、ccess stories of world-famous people,which help me understand how a person can work hard to make the world a better place.As a young student,I suggest that Global Mirror carry articles to guide us in our English learning,and I hope that it will become even more popular.Sincerely yours,Li HuaPassage
124、4(2015黑龙江哈尔滨高三模拟)高中生考入大学后,是否要立即为其配备笔记本电脑呢?对此,有人赞同,有人反对。请你根据下列表格的内容写一篇英语短文,并发表你的看法。支持者反对者1.是对子女奋发努力取得好成绩的肯定和奖励2.方便今后的学习,随时随地可以上网查阅资料1.给一些家庭增加了经济负担2.大学学习条件比较优越,有足够的计算机房供学生使用你的看法(至少两点)注意:1.对所给要点逐一陈述并适当发挥,不要简单翻译。2.词数100左右,开头已经给出,不计入总词数。Is it necessary for freshmen to have a laptop when they go to univer
125、sity? Different people have different ideas. One possible version:Is it necessary for freshmen to have a laptop when they go to university? Different people have different ideas.The supporters think that students deserve a laptop as an award for their great efforts and achievements.In addition,havin
126、g a laptop in hand will bring more convenience to their studies and easier access to the Internet,which will in turn absolutely benefit them.The opponents believe it would add to the financial burden of some families.Besides,many universities are equipped with modern facilities,providing students wi
127、th adequate computers for use.As far as I am concerned,it is not necessary to buy a laptop for freshmen.The reason for this is that they can have free access to the computers in universities.Furthermore,they may be addicted to computer games because of lack of self-control,which will have a bad effe
128、ct on their studies and health.Passage 5假如你叫李华,是一名高三学生。在安排座位时,班主任让成绩好的学生和成绩差的学生同桌。这种做法引起同学们的热议。最近,你班同学针对这个做法进行了讨论。下表是大家讨论的结果。好处弊端1.互相帮助,取长补短2.帮助差生提高成绩,建立自信1.差生对好学生有不良影响2.帮助差生耽误好学生的学习时间请你结合表格内容,写一篇短文,介绍同学们的不同观点,并谈谈自己的观点。注意:1.词数100左右,短文的开头已写好,不计入总词数;2.可适当发挥,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:成绩差的学生a poor studentWe recently
129、have held a discussion about whether a top student should share a desk with a poor student. One possible version:We recently have held a discussion about whether a top student should share a desk with a poor student.There are some advantages for top students to share a desk with poor students.Each s
130、tudent has strengths as well as weaknesses.So they can learn from each other and develop friendship when sharing a desk.Besides,top students can help poor students gain self-confidence by helping them with their lessons.However,its disadvantages are obvious.The poor students usually have a bad learn
131、ing habit,which has a negative effect on top students.In addition,it takes top students some time to help poor students with their lessons.In my opinion,teachers should not assign students their deskmates.Instead,students should be allowed to share a desk with those that have the same hobby and inte
132、rest.Passage 6(2015辽宁实验中学高三考前模拟)假定你是李华,来自新华高中(Xinhua High School),请代表全校师生写一封英文欢迎词,欢迎来自英国伊顿公学( Eton College)的交换生(exchange students)。主要内容包括:1.代表全校师生向他们表示真诚的欢迎;2.介绍学校给予他们的精心安排;3.嘱咐他们一些特别要注意的事情。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使其行文流畅;3.文章开头和结尾已为你写好。Dear Friends from Eton College, Thank you so much.One possible
133、version:Dear Friends from Eton College,Welcome to Xinhua High School.On behalf of my school,I would like to extend our sincere welcome to you.You can never imagine how amazing the arrangement is.To start with,a series of academic lectures are on the way concerning Chinese literature and cultures.Fol
134、lowing that,there come the extra-curricular visits to the most famous museums and tourist attractions.Most excitingly,you guys can have a special period of homestay in the voluntary Chinese family.Therefore,it will definitely be an unforgettable experience for every one of you.Well,the only thing I
135、would like you to keep in mind is that if you encounter any situation hard to deal with,never be hesitant to seek help,for all the members in Xin Hua are so willing to give you a hand.Thank you so much.Passage 7(2015泉州七中高三年级6月质检)你校将举办主题为“建设和谐社会” (build a harmonious society)的征文活动,请根据以下图示和图画内容并结合自身经历用
136、英语写一篇短文投稿。内容要求:1.描述图画内容;2.发表个人感想。注意:1.词数不少于120;2.开头已给出,不计入总词数;3.文中不能出现考生的具体信息。Our government is aiming to build a harmonious society.I think it is every citizens duty to work hard to achieve this goal.As high school students,what should we do? One possible version:Our government is aiming to build a
137、 harmonious society.I think it is every citizens duty to work hard to achieve this goal.As high school students,what should we do?First of all,we should love our motherland.Lets take a great interest in the development of our hometowns and take an active part in our school and class activities.Secon
138、dly,lets fill the world with love.We should show our respect for old people,our parents and our teachers.We should also care for each other and help those in need.Most important of all,all of us must be faithful and honest in our daily life such as not cheating in the exams.Finally,lets work togethe
139、r to save energy and protect our natural environment,including animals,trees,flowers and grass.For me,I should try to save electricity in my daily life.For example,if I am the last person to leave the classroom in the evening,I will always remember to turn off the lights.Lets start fight now and spa
140、re no effort to do a little bit every day,every hour,and every minute! I believe that doing all these small things will improve our environment and interpersonal relationships and help make our society a harmonious place to live in.Passage 8你将参加学校举办的英语作文比赛。请你结合下面的图画,按照写作要求,写一篇100词左右的作文。要求如下:1.自拟题目,结
141、合图画的内容展开写作;2.中心突出,有明确的观点。 One possible version:Many hands make light workAs the cartoon shows,one man has great difficulty carrying a big trunk on his shoulder,but when more men come to help him,it is easy for them to carry the trunk.The cartoon teaches us a valuable lesson:many hands make light wor
142、k.In our daily life,there are times when we cannot complete a big task on our own,so we need others to help us.It is important that we should learn to cooperate with others in modern times.Working together can make it possible for us to achieve our goal quickly and efficiently.As is known to all,no
143、one can live alone in society.So we should learn to work with others and live in harmony with others.Passage 9阅读下面漫画,先对漫画的内容进行描述,然后对这一现象发表自己的看法。注意:词数100左右。参考词汇:西瓜皮watermelon skin长凳bench One possible version:The boy and the girl in the picture sat on a bench talking merrily while eating a watermelon.
144、 When they went away they left the watermelons skin on the bench, making it very dirty. They didnt want to take any trouble to throw it into the dustbin although it was very near where they were sitting. Instead, they said that there would be someone who should clean the rubbish.However, what they d
145、id makes others look down upon them. If everyone behaves in this way, the world will be a big rubbish dump with flies flying round and people will live in a world of diseases. Besides, it will be impossible for dustmen to clean the world with such people living in it.Passage 10(2015山东济宁三模)假定你是李华,每当听
146、到“常回家看看”这首歌时,你都非常感动。向父母表达爱的方式有很多种,请你根据以下要点,写一篇演讲稿号召同学们都要尊敬父母。提示:1.经常帮助父母做一些力所能及的家务活;2.经常关心父母的生活和身体健康状况;3.在父母生日时表达祝愿,让他们知道我们的爱。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当发挥以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾部分已写好,不计入总词数。My dear fellows,Today Id like to talk about love to our parents.Many people are moved by the song Going home often when they h
147、ear it ,including me. Thank you!One possible version:My dear fellows, Today Id like to talk about love to our parents.Many people are moved by the song Going home often when they hear it ,including me.As a middle school student,I think we should respect our parents.As far as I am concerned,there are
148、 many different ways to express love to our parents. First,we should often help our parents to do as much housework as we can. Second,we have the duty to care for the condition of their life and health. Besides,it is important to remember their birthdays,and expressing our wishes to them is a good way to show our deep love.No matter what we do,remember showing respect to our parents is one of the Chinese traditional moral values.Thank you!
