1、增分强化练(十二)阅读理解2语法填空短文改错书面表达(限时60分钟).阅读理解AFrom Mozart to Metallica, tons of people enjoy listening to various types of music while they paint, write, or draw.Many believe that music helps inspire creativity, but an international study conducted by English and Swedish researchers is challenging that id
2、ea.Psychologists from Lancaster University, The University of Gavle, and The University of Central Lancashire say that their findings indicate music actually prevents creativity.To come to their conclusions, researchers had participants complete verbal insight (洞察) problems designed to inspire creat
3、ivity while sitting in a quiet room, and then again while music played in the background.They found that background music “significantly impaired (削弱)” the participants ability to complete tasks associated with verbal creativity.The research team also tested background noises such as those commonly
4、heard in a library, but found that such noises had no impact on subjects creativity.The tasks were simple word games.For example, participants were given three words, such as dress, dial, and flower.Then, they were asked to find a single word associated with all three that could be combined to form
5、a common phrase or word.The single word, in this case, would be “sun” (sundress, sunflower, etc.)Participants completed the tasks in either a quiet room, or while exposed to three different types of music; music with unfamiliar lyrics, instrumental music, or music with familiar lyrics.“We found stro
6、ng evidence of impaired performance when playing background music in comparison to quiet background conditions，” says coauthor Dr.Neil McLatchie of Lancaster University.Dr.McLatchie and his colleagues theorize that music interferes (干 扰) with the verbal working memory processes of the brain, prevent
7、ing creativity.Also, as far as the library background noise having seemingly no effect, the studys authors believe that was the case because library noises create a “steady state” environment that doesnt prevent concentration.Its worth mentioning that even familiar music with well known lyrics impai
8、red participants creativity, regardless of whether or not it produced a positive reaction, or whether participants typically studied or created while listening to music.“To conclude, the findings here challenge the popular view that music inspires creativity, and instead show that music, regardless
9、of the presence of semantic(语义的) content (no lyrics, familiar lyrics or unfamiliar lyrics), always prevent creative performance in insight problem solving，” the study reads. 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。普遍的观点认为音乐有助于激发创造力，但研究表明，背景音乐会阻碍人们的创造力。1What conclusion can most probably be drawn from this passage?ABackground m
10、usic inspires creativity.BBackground music impairs creativity.CBackground noises have bad influence on creativity.DDifferent music has different effects on creativity.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“their findings indicate music actually prevents creativity (他们的发现表明音乐实际上会抑制创造力)”和第三段中“They found that background musi
11、c significantly impaired the participants ability to complete tasks associated with verbal creativity.(他们发现背景音乐严重削弱参与者完成与语言创造力有关任务的能力)”可知，背景音乐会阻碍人们的创造力。故选B项。答案：B2The participants were asked to _.Ado some reading in a libraryBdesign some verbal insight problemsCdo some word gamesDlisten to some backg
12、round music解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中描述的实验过程“The tasks were simple word games.For example, participants were given three words, such as dress, dial, and flower.Then, they were asked to find a single word associated with all three that could be combined to form a common phrase or word.(参与者需要完成的任务是一些简单的文字游戏。例如，给
13、参与者三个单词，如裙子、表盘和花。然后，他们被要求找到一个与这三个词相关的单词，这三个词都可以与其组合成一个常见短语或单词)可知，在实验中，要求参与者做一些文字游戏。故选C项。答案：C3Why cant the participants perform well?ABecause the music prevents concentration.BBecause they arent familiar with music.CBecause the tasks are too challenging.DBecause the background is not creative.解析：细节理解
14、题。第七段中提到“We found strong evidence of impaired performance when playing background music in comparison to quiet background conditions(有证据表明，与安静的环境相比，播放背景音乐会影响人的表现)”以及第八段中“Dr.McLatchie and his colleagues theorize that music interferes with the verbal working memory processes of the brain, preventing c
15、reativity.(McLatchie博士和他的同事认为，音乐干扰了大脑的语言工作记忆过程，阻碍了创造力)”可知，参与者表现不好是因为背景音乐影响了他们的注意力的集中。故选A项。答案：A4Which of the connections about background music with their learning effects is TRUE?AThe music with a positive reaction has a positive effect.BThe effects depend on the contents of music.CQuiet music does
16、good to learning effects.DAll background music is bad for learning effects.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“the findings here.instead show that music.always prevent creative performance in insight problem solving (这些发现反而证明了音乐总是会干扰人们解决洞察力问题时创造力的表现)”可知，所有的背景音乐对学习效果都有不好的影响。故选D项。答案：DBA new Japanese research has suggest
17、ed that regularly eating mushrooms could help lower the risk of cancer.The researchers found that the men who consumed mushrooms once or twice a week had an 8 percent lower risk of developing cancer, regardless of how much fruit and vegetables, or meat and dairy products they atecompared to those wh
18、o ate mushrooms less than once per week.Eating mushrooms more often appeared to bring even bigger benefits, with those who consumed mushrooms three or more times per week showing a 17 percent lower risk than those who ate mushrooms less than once a week.Eating mushrooms also appeared to be particula
19、rly beneficial among those who ate a large amount of meat and dairy products, little fruit and few vegetables.The findings, published in the International Journal of Cancer, are the first to suggest that there may be an association between eating mushrooms and a lower risk of cancer.“Testtube studie
20、s and studies conducted on living organisms have shown that mushrooms have the potential to prevent cancer，” said lead researcher Shu Zhang.“To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the cancerpreventive potential of mushrooms at a population level，” Zhang added that, “mushroo
21、ms are a good source of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, especially Lergothioneine，” which is believed to help fight against stress, and that is cell imbalance caused by lifestyle choices such as poor diets and exposure to environmental poisons.This imbalance can lead to chronic inflammation,_re
22、sulting in chronic diseases such as cancer.“Considering the average American consumes less than 5 grams of mushrooms per day, which is lower than that consumed by the participants in this study (7.6 g/day), one would expect that even a small increase in mushroom consumption can offer potential healt
23、h benefits，” said Zhang.However, Zhang added that, “Although our study suggests regular consumption of mushrooms may reduce the risk of cancer, we also want to emphasize that eating a healthy and balanced diet is much more important than filling your shopping basket with mushrooms.” 语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介
24、绍了一项最新的日本研究：有规律的吃蘑菇可以帮助降低癌症风险。5What is the new Japanese research about?AHealthy lifestyle reduces the risk of cancer.BOften eating mushrooms reduces the risk of cancer.CDrinking dairy products is good for our health.DEating fruit and vegetables makes us healthier.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“A new Japanese resear
25、ch has suggested that regularly eating mushrooms could help lower the risk of cancer.(一项新的日本研究表明有规律的吃蘑菇可以帮助降低癌症风险)”可知，新的日本研究发现多吃蘑菇减少患癌症风险。故选B。答案：B6Who seem to especially benefit from eating mushrooms?APeople who are over fat and having a poor diet.BPeople who are feeling over stressed.CPeople who co
26、nsume much meat but few vegetables and little fruit.DPeople who consume many dairy products and suffer cancer.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Eating mushrooms also appeared to be particularly beneficial among those who ate a large amount of meat and dairy products, little fruit and few vegetables.”可知，吃蘑菇对于那些吃很多肉但是很少
27、蔬菜和水果的人有益。故选C。答案：C7Why can the mushroom help reduce the risk of cancer?AIt avoids the stress from a disease.BIt reduces environmental poisons.CIt helps reduce weight.DIt has a source of cancerpreventive.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study indicating the cancerprevent
28、ive potential of mushrooms at a population level (据我们所知，这是第一项显示蘑菇的预防癌症潜力的研究)”可知，蘑菇含有防癌的来源。故选D。答案：D8What does the underlined word inflammation probably means?AA state of being physically healthy.BA state of keeping body balance.CA physical condition that someone needs to be on a diet.DA condition tha
29、t a part of the body becomes red, sore and swollen.解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段“This imbalance can lead to chronic inflammation, resulting in chronic diseases such as cancer.(这种不平衡会导致慢性炎症，结果是慢性疾病，例如癌症)”可知，画线词是不平衡导致的，用排除法得知A项(身体健康状况)，B项(保持身体平衡状态)和C项(某人需要节食的身体状况)都不符合癌症的特征。D项(一个身体部分变红、变疼变肿胀的状况)是炎症的症状。故选D。答案：D.语法填空Ch
30、ina will become stronger from the coronavirus (冠状病毒) challenge, experts said at a conference on Tuesday, while 1.praising (praise) Chinas efforts to stop the impact of the COVID19 epidemic (传染病)Speaking at the conference 2.titled (title) “Battling Coronavirus，” Sumit Mullick, chief information commi
31、ssioner of Indias southwestern state of Maharashtra, said that China has created a new criterion in addressing a heath issue by quarantining (隔离) Wuhan.“The coronavirus does not understand or respect borders.It does not need a visa or passport.” Mullick said.“Challenges are 3.truly (true) in global
32、in nature.”However, Chinese labs have quickly decoded the coronavirus and shared it with the world，4.which are now working on a new vaccine, he said.RN.Bhaskar, a senior journalist and consulting editor with Indian English newspaper Free Press Journal, said China is doing all it can 5.to_contain (co
33、ntain) the spread of the virus and create a vaccine.“As 6.a very big player in the global economy, there will be negative impact 7.on the Chinese economy for a temporary period.However, thanks to the swift responses to the virus outbreak, the Chinese economy will overcome this crisis and become stro
34、nger，” he added.Health officials at the conference also listed the steps 8.taken(take) to fight the virus and shared their experiences in fighting misinformation and raising 9.awareness (aware) among the public at large.The event 10.was_organized (organize) jointly by the Observer Research Foundatio
35、n, a thinktank body, along with the Chinese Consulate General in Mumbai.短文改错On the afternoon of May 25th, a charity sale held by the Students Union on our school playground.In order to keep everything organized, we made fully preparations.Before the sale, from the student we collected various used b
36、ooks and secondhand goods which were still in a good condition.Then we classify them.When the day came, students and teachers both came and took an active part in it.In the end of the activity, we raised 5,000 yuan in total.All the money which we raised will be sent to the students from poor familie
37、s in our school to help finishing their studies.Its such meaningful an activity that students are all looking forward to the next charity sale. 语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述学校学生会组织的一次慈善销售活动，筹集资金给贫困学生。1解析：考查动词的时态和语态。held作谓语动词，与主语a charity sale是逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，根据时间状语on the afternoon of May 25th可知，时态用一般过去时，且主语是第三人称
38、单数。故held前加was。答案：第一句held前加was2解析：考查形容词。修饰名词preparations，用形容词。故将fully改为full。答案：第二句fullyfull3解析：考查名词的单复数。句意：在销售之前，我们从学生那里收集了各种旧书和二手物品，这些物品仍然处于良好的状态。根据句意，此处指不止一个学生，故用复数。故将student改为students。答案：第三句studentstudents4解析：考查固定搭配。in good condition“情况良好；状态良好”是固定短语。故去掉in后的a。答案：第三句去掉a5解析：考查动词的时态。文章讲述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过
39、去时。故将classify改为classified。答案：第四句classifyclassified6解析：考查代词。此处指代students and teachers，指代三者或三者以上用不定代词all，both指代两者。故将both改为all。答案：第五句bothall7解析：考查固定搭配。at the end of.“在结束时”是固定短语，in the end“最后；终于”是固定短语，此处表示“在活动结束时”。故将In改为At。答案：第六句InAt8解析：考查定语从句的引导词。先行词由all修饰，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that，不用which。故将which改为that。答案：
40、第七句whichthat9解析：考查非谓语动词。help后接动词不定式作宾语，to可以省略。故将finishing改为finish。答案：第七句finishingfinish10解析：考查副词。修饰形容词meaningful用副词作状语，such“如此的”是形容词，修饰名词，so“如此”是副词，修饰形容词作状语。故将such改为so。答案：第八句suchso.书面表达假定你是李华，你收到英国网友Mary的一封来信，询问爱好方面的问题。请根据以下提示回信。内容包括：1人人都需要有爱好；2拥有良好爱好的益处；3谈谈你自己的爱好及原因。注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头
41、和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Mary，_Yours，Li Hua参考范文Dear_Mary，I am very glad to hear from you.Everybody of us needs to have a hobby.Sports, music, traveling, reading and even cooking can be enjoyed as long as we love it.Actually, hobbies are for the purpose of resisting boring time in our daily life.Accordin
42、g to a study, spending time on your own hobbies leads to more focus and more efficient in your study or work.A hobby fuels you extra energy and excitement.I find that when you are doing your hobby, creativity maybe comes to you unexpectedly.As for me, my favorite is cooking.Student as I am, I think it is a great enjoyment for me.Yours，Li_Hua
