1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家Section Grammar现在分词和过去分词作补足语新知导引用括号内词的适当形式完成下列教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征1We see a woman _ (swim) at night in a dark sea.2People just want them _ (kill)3Benchley saw sharks _ (kill) and this caused a deep change in him.语法精讲一、宾语补足语某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾
2、语补足语。1过去分词作宾语补足语(1)及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语是过去分词的逻辑主语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。* When we arrived at the school, we saw the door locked.我们到学校时发现门被锁了。* We saw an old man knocked down by a passing car.我们看见一位老人被飞驰而过的车撞倒了。(2)少数不及物动词(go, change, fall等)的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。*I found the l
3、eaves fallen two days ago.两天前我发现这些树叶落下来了。*We found our country changed a lot with the reform and open policy.我们发现，改革开放以来，我们的国家变化很大。2现在分词作宾语补足语动词的现在分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语是现在分词的逻辑主语，宾语和现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主动关系。* The woman found a beggar lying on the bench.这位女士发现一个乞丐正躺在长凳上。* When I entered the room, I saw him sleeping
4、in bed.当我进入房间时，我看见他正在床上睡觉。常用宾语补足语的动词如下：(1)感官动词(表示所到、看到、嗅到、摸到等感官动作的动词)，常见的有：see, watch, look at; hear, listen to; feel, notice, observe, find; smell.等，后跟现在分词作宾补，表示“感受到某人/物正在做某事”；后跟过去分词作宾补表示“感受到某人/物被”，注意此时与现在分词作宾补的比较。* He didnt notice the thief stealing his wallet.他没有注意到小偷在偷他的钱包。* When he arrived, he
5、found all the work finished.当他到达时，他发现所有的工作都被做完了。(2)表示“意愿，命令”的动词，如like, want, wish, order, expect.等，可用现在分词作宾补，表示“希望、要求某人/物做”；也可用过去分词作宾语补足语，相当于过去分词前省略了to be，表示“希望/要求某人或某事被”。注意与现在分词作宾补的比较。* He didnt want such questions discussed at the meeting.他不想在会上讨论这种问题。* I would like this matter settled at once.我想立
6、刻解决这个问题。*I dont like a man standing there like a pole.我不喜欢一个男士像柱子似地站立在那儿。(3)使役动词(表示指使意义的动词)，常见的有：have, get, make, leave, keep.等，后可用现在分词作宾补，表示“使某人做某物”，也可跟过去分词作宾补表示“致使某人/某事被”；注意与现在分词作宾补的比较。*The teacher went out of the classroom leaving the students standing on the teaching stage.老师走出了教师，丢下那些学生在讲堂上站立着(
7、而不管了)。* Have you had your hair cut?你剪头发了吗？* I have to get my bike repaired.我不得不去修我的自行车。*I wont have the child running about on the street. Its dangerous!我不会放任孩子在街上乱跑的。太危险了！即学即练单句语法填空(1)I am afraid that I cant make myself _ (understand) due to my poor English.(2)You will see this product _ (advertise
8、) eveywhere.(3)I could feel the wind _ (blow) on my face.(4)The car was found _ (trap) in a pool by the side of the road.二、主语补足语主语补足语，是对句子主语的补充，使得句子更加完整。如果原来含有宾语补足语的句子结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，那么原宾语补足语相应地成为主语补足语。* We saw her entering the room. (宾语补足语)* She was seen entering the room. (主语补足语)1过去分词作主语补足语过去分词作主
9、语补足语时，主语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。* Her new bike was found stolen by a stranger.她的新自行车被一个陌生人偷走了。* The little boy was seen bitten by a dog.有人看见这个小男孩被狗咬了。2现在分词作主语补足语现在分词作主语补足语时，主语和现在分词之间为逻辑上的主动关系。* Tony was seen playing computer games in his bedroom.有人看见托尼在他的卧室里玩电脑游戏。* The girls were found singing loudly in t
10、heir classroom.他们发现女孩们正在教室里大声唱歌。即学即练单句语法填空(1)The baby was found _ (take) good care of by the babysitter.(2)Freddie and his friends were seen _ (play) basketball in the playground.(3)The street was found _ (flood) after the storm.(4)The cute dog was seen _ (sleep) sound on the noisy street.选词填空1Id li
11、ke to see the plan _ (carrying, carried) out.2We should find opportunities to hear English _ (speaking, spoken) as much as possible.3He raised his voice to make himself _ (hearing, heard) by all the students in the classroom.4She found her necklace _ (gone, going) on her way home.5The woman found a
12、young man _ (stealing, stole) her wallet.6We can hear the windows _ (beat, beaten) by the heavy rain drops.7The teacher noticed the students _ (discussing, discuss) questions in groups.8The thief was brought in with his hands _ (tie, tied) behind.9You must get the work _ (done, doing) before Friday.
13、10The boy was seen _ (crying, cries) in sorrow because of his grandmas death.用所给词的适当形式填空1I got the story _ (write) in English.2Our manager left the problem _ (unsettle)3I heard someone _ (call) my name when walking along the street.4With everything well _ (arrange), he left the office.5At that momen
14、t, I saw him _ (cross) the street.6Please keep us _ (inform) of the latest news.7She wants her paintings _ (display) in the gallery, but we dont think they would be very popular.8He got his tooth _ (pull) out last Sunday.9I hear her _ (practice) oral English every morning.10John had an accident and
15、found the car _ (break).用“hear/notice/see/feel/listen to宾语宾补”结构填空1我抬头一看，注意到一只鸟正在树上捕捉它的早餐。I looked up and _ its breakfast in the tree.2为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽可能多地听别人说英语。To learn English well, we should find opportunities to _ as much as we can.3听！你听到有人在呼救吗？Listen! Do you _？4度假回来后，White一家很高兴看见他们的花园被志愿者照顾得很好。B
16、ack from the vacation, the White was very happy to _ by volunteers.5我们感到车子行驶得很快。We _.Section Grammar现在分词和过去分词作补足语新知导引1swimming2.killed3.being killed语法精讲一、即学即练(1)understood(2)advertised(3)blowing(4)trapped二、即学即练(1)taken(2)playing(3)flooded(4)sleeping夯实基础一遍落实.选词填空1carried2.spoken3.heard4.gone5stealing
17、6.beaten7.discussing8.tied9done10.crying.用所给词的适当形式填空1written2.unsettled3.calling4arranged5.crossing6.informed7displayed8.pulled9.practicing10.broken.用“hear/notice/see/feel/listen to宾语宾补”结构填空1noticed a bird catching2listen to English spoken by others3hear someone calling for help4see their garden taken good care of5felt the car moving fast- 6 - 版权所有高考资源网
