1、专题12 完形填空之人与社会 序号内容Part 1题型总览题型综述 技巧点拨Part 2真题感悟真题详解 强重难词 析长难句.Part 3专题强化真题自测 新题模拟Part 1题型总览【题型综述】“人与社会”主题语境范围很广泛，其主要包括社会服务、人际交往沟通、文学艺术体育、历史社会文化和科学技术等。具体说来，良好的人际关系与社会交往，公益事业与社会志愿服务，跨文化沟通，小说文学名著音乐艺术，体育活动健康运动，文化遗产科技发展与创新等。【技巧点拨】1. 快速弄清文章大意结合选择项，进行粗读或略读，了解文章大意。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。2. 弄
2、清楚说明的顺序把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。3. 把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。4. 注重上下文语境应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服思维定势，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。5. 熟练做题
3、方法，遵循四个原则：（1）上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。（2）语法正确。从语法地角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。（3）逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。（4）符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。Part 2真题感悟Passage 1【真题详解】【2020全国新课标II】It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be 41 to t
4、he public because of Italys privacy laws, 42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings
5、 he thought would look 45 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had 48 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 49 an art
6、appreciation class, thought that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51 it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French 52 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist
7、Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his fathers painting.“Thats the garden in our picture,”Nicolos son told his father. They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They 57 the other painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguins “Still L
8、ife of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million.27741AattachedBallocatedCexposedDsubmitted42AfinishedBdelayedCconsideredDtried43AattendedBreservedCcancelledDrun44AshownBfoundCkep
9、tDhidden45AniceBfamiliarCusefulDreal46AbattledBdebatedCdiscussedDbargain47AheldBleftCregisteredDbrought48AchosenBreceivedCorderedDmoved49AmissedBfailedCtakenDled50AconcreteBunusualCunappealingDnatual51AappreciatedBtouchedCresearchedDwitnessed52ApainterBdesignerCauthorDactor53AexpectedBsurprisedCanxi
10、ousDready54AroomBkitchenChallDgarden55AapparentlyBconfidentlyCeventuallyDtemporarily56AownedBborrowedCsoldDstole57AcollectedBcleanedCframedDstudied58AsuitablyBactuallyCrightlyDspecifically59AgirlBartistCfamilyDpolice60AcopiesBoriginalsCmodelsDpresents【答案】41C42A43D44B45A46A47D48D49C50B51C52A53B54D55C
11、56A57D58B59C60B【解析】本文主题是人与社会。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicolo的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。后来他学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的官员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000万美元。41考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached参加；B. allocated分配；C. exposed暴露；D. submitted上交。根据下文的because of Italys privacy可知此处用be exposed
12、 to“暴露”符合语境，故选C项。42考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因为意大利的隐私法不能暴露给警方。A. finished完成；B. delayed推迟；C. considered考虑；D. tried尝试。根据上文的It was just after sunrise on a June morning可推测Nicolo刚在工厂里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，故选A项。43考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警方进行的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. attended参加
13、；B. reserved保护；C. cancelled取消；D. run进行。结合常识可知，拍卖会上需要有警察来维持秩序，进行拍卖，故选D项。44考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警察管理的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. shown展示；B. found发现；C. kept保存；D. hidden隐藏。根据句意可知，此处是指拍卖的东西都是从一列火车上发现的，故选B项。45考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它东西中，Nicolo看到了两幅画，他觉得它们看起来挂在自己的餐桌上方会很漂亮。A. nice漂亮的；B. familia
14、r熟悉的；C. useful有用的； D. real真的。根据下文的Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可推测Nicolo认为这两幅画挂在自己的餐桌前会很漂亮，所以才会出高价买，故选A项。46考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo和另外一个竞标人竞争，直到Nicolo最终以32美元的价格赢得了这两幅画。A. battled竞争；B. debated辩论；C. discussed 讨论；D. bargained讨价还价。根据上文的were sold to the highest bid
15、der可知此处用“竞争”符合语境，故选A项。47考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Nicolo退休去Sicily居住时，他带上了这两幅画。A. held拿着；B. left离开，留下；C. registered注册；D. brought带来。根据下文的he hung them above the same table可知，Nicolo搬家时带上了这两幅画，故选D项。48考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把它们挂在同一张桌子的上面，这张桌子是他从Turin搬来的。A. chosen选择；B. received收到；C. ordered 命令；D. moved搬。根据上文的the same table可知，Nic
16、olo搬家时也把桌子搬来了，故选D项。49考查动词词义辨析。句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. missed错过；B. failed失败；C. taken拿；D. led导致。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语take classes“上课”，故选C项。50考查形容词词义辨析，句意：句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那副有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. concrete具体的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. unappealing不吸引人的；D. natural自然的。根据下文的it was signe
17、d Bonnato or he thought可知，儿子认为这幅画可能是一个著名画家的画，故觉得它有些不同寻常，故选B项。51考查动词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. appreciated欣赏；B. touched触摸；C. researched研究；D. witnessed目睹。根据下文的he only found Bonnard可推测儿子仔细研究了画，故选C项。52考查名词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了Bonnard，一个他从未
18、听说过的法国画家。A. painter画家；B. designer设计师；C. author 作家；D. actor演员。根据下文的a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard可知，此处用画家符合语境，故选A项。53考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. expected意料的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. ready准备好的。根据下文的sitting on the same chair in the same
19、54 as his fathers painting可知此处用“吃惊的”符合语境，故选B项。54考查名词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. room房间；B. kitchen餐厅； C. hall 大厅；D. garden花园。根据上文的with a young girl sitting on a garden chair可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden是原词复现，故选D项。55考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. apparent
20、ly明显地；B. confidently自信地；C. eventually 最后；D. temporary暂时的。根据上文的he bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his fathers painting可知，此处是指经过一系列的对比和研究，他们终于从一本书上得知了其中一副画的名字，故选C项。56考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. owned拥有；B. bo
21、rrowed借；C. sold卖；D. stole偷。根据上文的Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可知，这幅画的所有权是Nicolo的，即他们拥有它，故选A项。57考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog。A. collected收集；B. cleaned打扫；C. framed制定；D. studied研究。根据上文的but when he 51 it可知此处用“研究”符合语境，research和study是同
22、义词复现，故选D项。58考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog。A. suitably适合地；B. actually事实上；C. rightly正确地；D. specifically具体地。根据句意可知，此处是指他们研究了另外一副画，事实证明也是一副著名画家的画，故选B项。59考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000万美元。A. girl女孩；B. artist艺术家；C. family家庭；D. poli
23、ce警察。根据上下文可知，此处是指Nicolo一家为了鉴别画的真伪给意大利文化部打电话，故选C项。60考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000万美元。A. copies复制品；B. originals原版；C. models 模型；D. presents礼物。根据下文的as much as $50 million可推测，这两幅画都是画家的原版，故选B项。【强重难词】1. privacy n. 隐私；秘密；隐居；隐居处2. bidder n. 投标人；出价人；命令者3. confidently adv. 自信地；安心地4. confirm vt.
24、 确认；确定；证实；批准；使巩固5. originals n. 原件（original的复数）6. allocate vt. 分配；拨出7. submit vt. 使服从；主张；呈递；提交8. register n. 登记表；声区；语体风格；调风口；现金收入记录机；学校点名册；9. concrete v. 登记；（旅馆）登记住宿；10. apparently adv. 显然地；似乎，表面上 11. temporarily adv. 临时地，临时12. be exposed to 曝光；曝露13. take an art appreciation class 参加艺术鉴赏课程 【析长难句】1.
25、As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” run by the Italian police where things found on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. 【解析】本句中的As引导非限制性定语从句；run by the Italian police 为过去分词短语做定语修饰after work auction；where引导定语从句；过去分词短语found on the trains 做定语修饰things 。【译文】正如他经常做得那样，,他在由意
26、大利警方举办得“下班后拍卖(拍卖)”停下来，在那里，火车上被发现上午东西被卖给出价最高的人。【仿写】_2. His son, age 15, who had taken an art appreciation class, thought that there was something unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. 【解析】句中的who引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是His son；that there was something unusual about the one with a y
27、oung girl sitting on a garden chair引导的宾语从句做thought的宾语。【译文】.他15岁的儿子曾上过艺术鉴赏课，他觉得这个小女孩坐在花园椅子上的课有些不寻常。【仿写】_3. .the official confirmed that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million.【解析】句中的 confirmed后的 that the paintings were originals and worth as much as $50 million是宾语从句。【译文】这位官员证实这
28、些画是真迹，价值高达5000万美元。【仿写】_Passage 2【真题详解】【2020全国卷III】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad. Theyll come rushing in, 42 their handbags been stolen. Theyll 43 that they left
29、it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then 44 it had been in their car all the time. Theyll have out half the 45 in the shop, and want the only style you dont have left in a 46 colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep 47 .I remember the first re
30、ally 48 customer we had at Covent Garden. She was. 49 absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather 50 that she became a “regular. After a while, she 51 for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat 52 , and since shed f
31、ound it too much to cope with (应对), shed taken it out on 53 people.That taught me a valuable 54 and I pass it on to the people who 55 in the market. Dont take it 56 . If a customer is rude or difficult, just think Maybe shes had a row with her husband. Maybe her childs not 57 .” Always water it down
32、 and dont let your ego (自我) get 58 . If you do, you won be able to 59 it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that 60 everyones day.26441. A. shopkeepersB. customersC. salespersonsD. receptionists42. A. sayingB. pretendingC. guessingD. replying43. A. agreeB. promiseC. imagineD.
33、swear44. A. forgetB. decideC. discoverD. assume45. A. foodsB. cataloguesC. belongingsD. goods46. A. particularB. differentC. matchingD. natural47. A. fightingB. smilingC. waitingD. changing48. A. generousB. politeC. carelessD. difficult49. A. curious aboutB. displeased withC. patient withD. uncertai
34、n about50. A. relaxedB. delightedC. surprisedD. embarrassed51. A. searchedB. arguedC. prayedD. apologized52. A. by chanceB. by herselfC. on purposeD. on duty53. A. rudeB. suchC. otherD. lonely54. A. lessonB. trickC. skillD. trade55. A. workB. shopC. meetD. quarrel56. A. kindlyB. secretlyC. personall
35、yD. casually57. A. readyB. awayC. upD. well58. A. out of sightB. in the wayC. behind the sceneD. above the law59. A. stressB. expectC. handleD. blame60. A. ruinsB. makesC. startsD. saves【答案】41.B42.A43.D44.C45.B46.D47.A48.B49.D50.B51.D52.B53.C54.A55.A56.C57.D58.B59.C60.A【文章大意】本文主题是人与社会。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种
36、各样让人抓狂的顾客，而有一个难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，是因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到其他人身上，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，不然当事情发展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B. customers顾客；C. salespersons售货员；D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自
37、己抓狂。故选B。42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A. saying说；B. pretending假装；C. guessing猜测；D. replying回答。结合后文their handbags been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。故选A。43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. agree同意；B. promise承诺；C. imagine想象；D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。故选D。44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会发誓说他们
38、把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记；B. decide决定；C. discover发现；D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。故选C。45.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods食物；B. catalogues目录；C. belongings所有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境
39、。故选D。46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular特别的；B. different不同的；C. matching相配的；D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you dont have left in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。故选A。47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B. smiling微笑；C. waiting等待；
40、D. changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，但是作者还是努力说服他们保持微笑，服务顾客。故选B。48.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的；B. polite礼貌的；C. careless粗心的；D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。故选D。49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. curious ab
41、out好奇；B. displeased with对不满意；C. patient with对有耐心；D. uncertain about对不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。故选B。50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. relaxed放松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但是居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。故选C。51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，她为自己一
42、开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索；B. argued争论；C. prayed祈祷；D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for“为某事道歉”。故选D。52.考查介词短语辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；B. by herself她独自地；C. on purpose故意地；D. on duty值班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week be
43、fore, was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。故选B。53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. such这样的；C. other其他的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文since shed found it too much to cope with, shed taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people“其他人”。故选C。54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给我上
44、了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程，教训；B. trick诡计；C. skill技能；D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。故选A。55.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B. shop购物；C. meet会面；D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。故选A。56.考查副词词义辨析。句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly秘密地；C. personally亲自地；D. casually随便地
45、。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally“在意，把这些放在心上”。故选C。57.考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. well好地。根据上文Maybe shes had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。故选D。58.考查介词短语辨析。句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见；B. in the way妨碍，挡道；C. behind the
46、 scene幕后；D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客，要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。故选B。59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B. expect期待；C. handle处理；D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。故选C。60.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭；B. makes制作；C. starts开
47、始；D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。故选A。【强重难词】1. swear vt. 发誓；咒骂 2. catalogues_ n. 图情计 目录，手册（catalog 复数） 3. staff n. 职员；参谋；棒；支撑；五线谱4. receptionists n. 前台接待员（receptionist的复数）5. assume_vi. 设想；承担；采取6. casually adv. 随便地；偶然地；临时地7. spl
48、it up 分裂，分离8. cope with 处理，应付9. an unpleasant scene 一个不愉快的场景10. behind the scene幕后；幕后花絮；未开拓市场11. above the law凌驾于法律之上的【析长难句】1. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad. 【解析】句中的for whom 是“介词+关系代词”的结构，引导的定语从句修饰先行词 anyone。【译文】但就像任何你喜欢的人一样，顾客也可以让你发疯。【仿写】_2. That taug
49、ht me a valuable lesson and I pass it on to the people who work in the market. 【解析】句中含有两个并列分句，其中后半句的who work in the market是定语从句，修饰前面的the people 。【译文】这给了我宝贵的一课，我把它传递给了在市场上工作的人。【仿写】_3. After a while, she apologized for the way she behaved at the beginning. 【解析】句中的she behaved at the beginning是个定语从句，修饰前
50、面的先行词 the way。【译文】过了一会儿，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。【仿写】_Part 3专题强化Passage 1【真题自测】【2020天津卷】Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant 16 - -loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be 17 in a clever
51、way. The 18 ? Chat benches.Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her 19 . The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who 20 made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about “f 31,000 . Jones was 21 when she said that she
52、didnt actually 22 being cheated. “Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely 23 people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he 24 to do something about it. He 25 the police departmen
53、t to allow him to 26 a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that 27 :”HAPPY TO CHAT. “Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 28 conversations.The idea is catching on 29 The
54、re are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n) 30 outcome from getting involved. Jones idea has been fully 31 -the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help 32 the invisible social barrier that keeps people
55、from saying hello.This effort is not just a(n) 33 at being community minded- -its also a 34 measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that 35 those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future.16A
56、choiceBdiscoveryCvisitDpromise17AexperiencedBsufferedCpreventedDfelt18AsolutionBpuzzleCexcuseDintention19ApleasureBprizeCcreditDmoney20AeventuallyBfrequentlyCpreviouslyDoccasionally21AashamedBshockedCexcitedDamused22AmindBforgiveCriskDenjoy23AactiveBlonelyCcautiousDstubborn24AlearnedBrefusedCpretend
57、edDdecided25AforcedBorderedCconvincedDtaught26Aput awayBmake outCtear apartDset up27AreadBclaimedCmeantDimplied28AformalBjoyfulCawkwardDcrazy29ArandomlyBslowlyCquicklyDpurposefully30ApositiveBdisappointingCcorrectDembarrassing31ArealizedBexaminedCdiscussedDformed32Abreak downBput upCkeep offDtake ou
58、t33AglanceBattemptCknockDattack34Aheart-breakingBrisk-takingCface-savingDcrime-cutting35AforbidsBappointsCencouragesDtroubles【答案】16B17C18A19D20A21B22A23B24D25C26D27A28B29C30A31A32A33B34D35C【解析】这是一篇主题为人与社会的文章。文章主要讲了艾什莉琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。他最近有了一项重大发现-孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。琼斯警探通过设置”聊天长椅”
59、，帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。”聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，它不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。16考查名词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现-孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. choice选择；B. discovery发现；C. visit参观；D. promise许诺。下文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes说孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以
60、用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。这是一项重大的发现。故选B。17考查动词词义辨析。句意:他最近有了一项重大发现-孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. experienced经历；B. suffered遭受；C. prevented阻止；D. felt 感觉。根据下文Chat benches.可知对于这一社会问题，有阻止的方法。故选C。18考查名词词义辨析。句意:解决方案？长椅上聊天。A. solution解决方案；B. puzzle谜；C. excuse借口；D. intention目的。根据下文的回答Chat benches可知这里是询问”解决方案
61、是什么”。故选A。19考查名词词义辨析。句意:琼斯是在与一位被骗了钱的老妇人交谈后产生这个想法的。A. pleasure快乐；B. prize奖品；C. credit信用； D. money钱。根据下文and then she lent him about 31,000可知这位老妇人被骗了钱。故选D。20考查副词词义辨析。句意:这位女士每天早上都会接到一个陌生人的电话，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友，然后她就借给了他大约31万英镑。A. eventually 最后；B. frequently频繁地；C. previously先前；D. occasionally偶尔。下文说这位老妇人借给了这个陌生人
62、大约31万英镑，由此可知，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友。故选A。21考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. shocked震惊的；C. excited兴奋的；D. amused愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑，一个人被骗了很多钱，她一定会很生气。然而，这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。故选B。22考查动词词义辨析。句意:当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. mind介意；B. forgive原谅；C. risk冒险；D. enjoy享受。根据下文老妇人说的话 “Otherwise, 1would never sp
63、eak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.可知她并不介意被骗。故选A。23考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使琼斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极度孤独的人，他们很容易成为欺骗的目标。A. active积极的；B. lonely孤独的；C. cautious小心的； D. stubborn顽固的。上文老妇人说:”否则，我几个星期都不会跟别人说话”，结合下文，琼斯创建了”聊天长椅”可知在他的社区中，有太多极度孤独的人。故选B。24考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以他决定做点什么。A. learned学习；B. refused拒绝；C. pretende
64、d假装；D. decided决定。下文Hethe police department to allow him toa couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.描述了琼斯采取的实际行动，由此可知，琼斯决定做点什么。故选D。25考查动词词义辨析。句意:他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立几个”聊天长椅”。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. convinced说服；D. taught教。下文说他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个”聊天长椅”，由此可知，他是说服了警察局。故选C。26考查动词短语辨析。句意:他说服了
65、警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个”聊天长椅”。A. put away放好；B. make out辨认出；C. tear apart把弄乱；D. set up设立。根据a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.可知是在当地的两个公园里设立几个”聊天长椅”。故选D。27考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后，他在每张长椅上挂了一块彩色的牌子，上面写着:”聊天愉快。” A. read写着；B. claimed宣称；C. meant意味；D. implied暗示。根据”HAPPY TO CHAT. “可知这是牌子上写的内容。表示”牌子上
66、写着”应用动词read，故选A。28考查形容词词义辨析。句意:就在张贴告示几天后，他发现人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。A. formal正式的；B. joyful愉快的； C. awkward尴尬的；D. crazy疯狂的。下文说琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，结合琼斯创建”聊天长椅”的初衷以及牌子上所写的内容”快乐聊天”，可知人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。故选B。29考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个想法很快就流行起来了。A. randomly随便地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. quickly很快地；D. purposefully有目的地。根据There are now over 40
67、chat benches throughout England.可知这个想法很快就流行起来了。故选C。30考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。A. positive积极的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. correct正确的；D. embarrassing使人尴尬的。根据Jones idea has been fully-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches helpthe invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.可知琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，”聊
68、天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。因此，推断出所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。故选A。31考查动词词义辨析。句意:琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。A. realized实现；B. examined检查；C. discussed讨论；D. formed形成。下文说”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。由此可知，琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。故选A。32考查动词短语辨析。句意:”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。A. break down打破； B. put up提供；C. keep off不接近；D. take out取出。上文说所有参与的人都从参
69、与中获得了积极的结果。由此可知，”聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。故选A。33考查名词词义辨析。句意:这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A. glance一瞥； B. attempt尝试；C. knock敲打；D. attack攻击。琼斯设置的”聊天长椅”是一个新颖且有趣的尝试。故选B。34考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. risk-taking冒险的；C face-saving顾全面子的；D. crime-cutting减少犯罪的。根据上文loneline
70、ss is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes以及那位被骗了钱的老妇人的悲惨经历，可知这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。故选D。35考查动词词义辨析。句意:”聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。A. forbids禁止；B. appoints任命；C. encourages鼓励；D. troubles麻烦。根据The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project 以及上文”聊天长椅”所产生的积极效果
71、，可知”聊天长椅”，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。故选C。Passage 2【真题自测】【2016全国新课标II】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device (装置) on your desk. And theyve never actually 21 you. Everything they know about you 22 through this de
72、vice, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 23 they feel they can know you 24 from the sound of your voice. Thats how powerful the 25 is.Powerful, yes, but not always 26 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom Id never met 27 , got me rock-bottom prices
73、on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. I sometimes wished to 29 another agent.One morning, I had to 30 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Ranis office 31 . The woman sitting at the desk, 32 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 33 smil
74、e, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 34 immediately. What a wonderful lady! I thought.Rushing out 35 I called out over my shoulder, By the way, whats your name? Im Rani, she said. I turned around and saw a 36 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip.
75、I was 37 ! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 38 .Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Ranis 39 her warm smile, her nods, her Im here for you 40 were all silent signals that didnt travel through wires.21AacceptedBnoticedCheardDmet22AcameBmovedCranD
76、developed23AThusBYetCThenDIndeed24AratherBalsoCjustDalready25AtelephoneBvoiceCconnectionDimpression26AdirectBusefulCeasyDaccurate27Ain personBby myselfCin publicDon purpose28AannoyedBinterestedCdiscouragedDconfused29ApromoteBtrainCfindDknow30AarrangeBpostponeCconfirmDbook31Afor the first timeBat any
77、 timeCfrom time to timeDin good time32AexpectingBseeingCtestingDavoiding33AshyBcomfortingCfamiliarDforced34AbillBformCticketDlist35AhopefullyBdisappointedlyCgratefullyDregretfully36AcarefulBseriousCnervousDpleasant37AamusedBworriedChelplessDspeechless38AcalmBniceCproudDclever39AforgivenessBeagerness
78、CfriendlinessDskillfulness40AexplanationBattitudeCconceptDbehavior【答案】21D22A23B24C25A26D27A28A29C30D31A32B33B34C35C36D37D38B39C40B【解析】本文属于夹叙夹议文。“我”通过电话与“我”的代理商Rani交流时发现，她比较“冷漠”，让我很生气，甚至有了换人的想法。后来实际生活中的一次接触让我发现原来“我”的看法完全是错误的。生活中的Rani是一个很善良体贴的人。以此告诉我们不要随意下结论，要全面思考问题。21考查动词辨析。句意：你们也许从来都没有见过面。A. accepte
79、d接受；B. noticed注意；C. heard听说；听见；D. met遇见。根据第一句可知很多人只是通过电话了解你，你们也许从来都没有见过面，只是通过电话交流。故D正确。22考查动词辨析。句意：他们对你的了解来自电话。A. came来；B. moved移动；C. ran奔跑；D. developed发展，开发。他们对你的了解来自电话，因为你们之间的距离通常非常遥远，甚至在千里之外。故A正确。23考查副词。句意：虽然你们之间的距离很远，但是他们觉得通过你的声音就可以了解你。上下文之间是转折关系，所以使用副词yet。故B正确。24考查副词辨析。句意：别人认为只是通过声音就可以了解你。A. ra
80、ther相当地；B. also也；C. just只是；D. already已经。本句使用just表示强调，别人认为只是通过声音就可以了解你。故C正确。25考查名词辨析。句意：这就是电话的强大之处。根据6空后的“only by phone”可知这里说的是电话的强大之处，故A正确。26考查形容词辨析。句意：电话虽然很强大，但有时并不准确。A. direct直接的；B. useful有用的；C. easy容易的；D. accurate准确的。本空前的but说明上下文之间是转折关系，电话虽然很强大，但有时并不准确。故D正确。27考查介词短语辨析。A. in person亲自；B. by myself靠
81、自己；C. in public当众；D. on purpose故意地。A项与空前的faceless相呼应，Rani是代理人，但是我们从来没有碰过面。故A正确。28考查动词辨析。句意：Rani在电话里的声音很冷漠，让我很烦恼。A. annoyed 使烦恼；B. interested 使感兴趣；C. discouraged 使气馁；D. confused使困惑。空前的cold voice可知Rani在电话里的声音很冷漠，让我很不高兴，甚至想过要另外找一个代理人。说明我对她冷漠的声音很恼怒。故A正确。29考查动词辨析。句意：我有时想另找代理人。A. promote促进；B. train训练；C. f
82、ind寻找，找到；D. know知道。正是因为Rani的声音让我很不舒服，所以我曾经想过另找代理人。故C正确。30考查动词辨析。句意：因为家中的紧急事情我要立刻预订回家的航班。A. arrange安排；B. postpone推迟；C. confirm确认；D. book预订。表示预定机票，故D正确。31考查介词短语。句意：我第一次去了Rani的办公室。A. for the first time第一次；B. at any time随时；C. from time to time有时，不时；D. in good time及时地，迅速地。因为情况紧急，所以我第一次去了Rani的办公室。故A正确。32考
83、查动词辨析。句意：她看见我很着急，Rani非常同情我，给了我安慰的笑容。A. expecting期待，预料；B. seeing看见；C. testing检测；D. avoiding避免。故选B。33考查形容词辨析。句意：她给了我安慰的微笑。A. shy害羞的；B. comforting安慰的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. forced被迫的。她看到我很着急，笑着安慰我。故B正确。34考查名词辨析。句意：Rani很快帮我把机票打印出来。A. bill账单；B. form表格；C. ticket票；D. list清单。由30空可知我要预订回家的机票，这里指Rani很快帮我把机票打印出来。故C
84、正确。35考查副词辨析。A. hopefully充满希望地；B. disappointedly感到失望地；C. gratefully感激地；D. regretfully遗憾地。对方如此迅速地帮我把机票打印出来，而且一直面带微笑，这让我心存感激。故C项正确。36考查形容词辨析。句意：我转过身，看见一个令人愉快的女人脸上挂着灿烂的笑容，招手祝我一路平安。A. careful细心的；B. serious严肃的，认真的；C. nervous紧张的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。现实生活中的Rani富有同情心，待人热情大方，是一个令人愉快的相处对象。故D项正确。37考查形容词辨析。A. amused
85、好笑的；B. worried担心的；C. helpless 无助的；D. speechless无语的。现实生活中的她是如此的体贴大方，而我之前却认为她很冷漠，我真是无话可说。故D项正确。38考查形容词辨析。之前我认为Rani很冷漠，但却没有想到实际生活中的Rani是如此的美好善良。A. calm 平静的；B. nice美好的； C. proud骄傲的； D. clever聪明的。故B项正确。39考查名词辨析。句意：Rani的友善她温暖的微笑，她的点头，她“我在这里为你”的态度都是无声的信号，没有通过电线传递。A. forgiveness谅解；B. eagerness急切；C. friendli
86、ness友好；D. skillfulness熟练。从上文内容可知Rani对我非常友好善良，并没有电话中的那种冷漠的感觉。故C项正确。40考查名词辨析。A. explanation解释；B. attitude态度；C. concept概念；D. behavior行为。Rani善良友好的态度并没有从电话线中传递过去。B项指Rani对我的友好态度。故B项正确。Passage 3【新题模拟】（2021山东德州市高三期末） When faced with a pandemic, people may become more forgiving. For me, this has become a tim
87、e to 1 my estranged（疏远的）father. When the COVID-19 lockdown started, my thoughts turned to my father I 2 know. Hed separated from my mother when I was a baby, and never 3 much even after my mother died. Battling a drug addiction, hed ended up in jail. I admit that my 4 was really ugly when he tried t
88、o contact me in my young adulthood.Thirteen years on, the arrival of the pandemic made me 5 our relationship again. I didnt want another one of my families not to be here. Now he, who has long 6 the habit of taking drugs, works as a pizza delivery man in Florida. Knowing that he has to leave his hou
89、se and 7 for a job during the pandemic, I realized that I had to make things 8 without any delay. A few days ago, I called him to 9 for my no accepting him. Meanwhile, I was scared he would 10 me. However, when we got on FaceTime together, his smile was just so 11 . We were mirrors of each other smi
90、ling at one another. And it was a good 12 .I took our previous father-daughter relation for granted. However, the COVID-19 crisis has led me to reconsider whats the most 13 in my lifethe security and affection of the familyand made my efforts to 14 and reconnect with each other. When people cut off
91、contact with a family member, it may not be going to be permanent. Unexpectedly, the virus 15 that timeline.1Astay away fromBget used toCmake up withDkeep pace with2AbarelyBmostlyCmerelyDdefinitely3ApresentedBregrettedCappearedDachieved4AcommentBadventureCrequirementDresponse5AdisconnectBevaluateCde
92、creaseDdiscover6AkickedBformedCkeptDdeveloped7AidentityBhobbyCprivacyDsafety8AstableBrightCcreativeDsimple9AreplyBapologizeCstressDappeal10ApraiseBapproveCrejectDarrange11AmysteriousBuniqueCfunnyDbright12AconclusionBtreatmentCencounterDconversation13AtoughBsignificantCseriousDpositive14AadmireBignor
93、eCforgiveDappreciate15AshortenedBextendedCdrewDmeasured【答案】1C2A3C4D5B6A7D8B9B10C11D12D13B14C15A【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了新冠疫情的到来让作者和多年未联系的父亲重新有了联系，并让她意识到安全和亲情才是最重要的。1考查动词短语辨析。句意：对我来说，这已经成为一个弥补我和疏远了的父亲之间关系的时间。A. stay away from远离；B. get used to习惯于；C. make up with弥补；D. keep pace with跟上节奏。根据下文，作者和父亲多年没有联系；但是在疫情
94、到来时，作者担心父亲的安全，原谅了父亲，并且和父亲重新联系。由此可知，是疫情让作者弥补了和疏远已久的父亲之间的关系。故选C项。2考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个婴儿的时候，他就和我母亲分开了，即使在我母亲去世后，他也没露什么面。A. barely几乎不；B. mostly大部分；C. merely仅仅，只是；D. definitely肯定地。根据下文“Hed separated from my mother when I was a baby ”当作者还是个婴儿的时候，父亲就和母亲分开了。由此可知，作者没怎么见过父亲，几乎不认识。故选A项。3考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个婴儿的时候，他就
95、和我母亲分开了，即使在我母亲去世后，他也没露什么面。A. presented呈现；B. regretted遗憾；C. appeared出现；D .achieved实现。根据下文“Battling a drug addiction, hed ended up in jail.”，父亲因为吸毒，进了监狱。由此可知，父亲从没在作者面前出现过。故选C项。4考查名词词义辨析。句意：我承认，在我刚成年、当他试图联系我的时候，我的反应是“非常令人厌恶”。A. comment评论；B. adventure冒险；C. requirement要求；D. response回应，反应。作者从未见过因吸毒而入狱的父亲，
96、因此当父亲联系作者时，作者的反应是很反感。故选D项。5考查动词词义辨析。句意：十三年过去了，疫情的到来让我重新评估我们的关系。A. disconnect断开；B. evaluate评估；C. decrease减少；D. discover发现。根据下文“the COVID-19 crisis has led me to reconsider whats the most 13 in my life”可知，新冠病毒让作者重新思考和父亲之间的关系。故选B项。6考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，他已经戒毒很久了，在佛罗里达州当披萨外卖员。此处考查“动词+the habit of”短语辨析。A. kicke
97、d the habit of改掉习惯；B. formed the habit of养成习惯； C. kept the habit of保留习惯；D. developed the habit of养成习惯。根据“works as a pizza delivery man”可知，父亲现在工作了，不再吸毒了。故选A项。7考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道在疫情期间为了工作，他必须离开家和安全的地方，我意识到我必须毫不拖延地把事情办好。A. identity身份；B. hobby爱好；C. privacy隐私；D. safety安全。根据“works as a pizza delivery man”，在疫情
98、期间，父亲要去当外卖员，作者觉得他并不安全。故选D项。8考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道在疫情期间为了工作，他必须离开家和安全的地方，我意识到我必须毫不拖延地把事情办好。A. stable稳定的；B. right正确的；C. creative有创意的；D. simple简单的。此处是短语make things right“把事情办好，做正确的事情”。下文提到“I called him to 9 for my no accepting him.”作者给父亲打电话，因为原来不接受父亲而向他道歉。这是作者认为她应该做的正确的事。故选B项。9考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天前，我打电话给他，为我没有接受他而
99、道歉。A. reply回复；B. apologize道歉；C. stress强调；D. appeal呼吁，恳求。根据“my no accepting him”可知，作者在刚成年时不愿意接受父亲；现在在疫情期间，又担心父亲的安全，因此向父亲道歉。故选B项。10考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，我害怕他会拒绝我。A. praise表扬；B. approve赞成， 批准；C. reject拒绝；D. arrange安排。根据上文“my 4 wasreally uglywhen he tried to contact me in my young adulthood.”因为原来作者不愿意接受父亲，所以此时
100、担心父亲会拒绝她的道歉。故选C项。11考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们一起视频通话的时候，他的笑容很灿烂。 A. mysterious神秘的；B. unique独特的；C. funny有趣的；D. bright明亮的，灿烂的。根据下文“We were mirrors of each other smiling at one another.”作者和父亲互相微笑。由此可知，父亲笑得很开心。故选D项。12考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一次很愉快的谈话。A. conclusion结论；B. treatment治疗；C. encounter偶然遇到；D. conversation谈话。根据上文“w
101、e got on FaceTime together”可知，父亲和作者通过视频交谈。故选D项。13考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，新冠病毒危机让我重新思考什么是我生命中最重要的安全和亲情并努力去原谅和彼此重新建立联系。A. tough艰难的；B. significant有意义的， 重要的；C. serious严重的；D. positive积极的，肯定的。根据“the security and affection of the family”可知，疫情让作者意识到安全和家人才是最重要的。故选B项。14考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，新冠病毒危机让我重新思考什么是我生命中最重要的安全和亲情并努力去原
102、谅和彼此重新建立联系。A. admire钦佩；B. ignore忽视，忽略；C. forgive原谅；D. appreciate欣赏。文章首句提到“When faced with a pandemic, people may become more forgiving.”，面对疫情，人们可能会变得更加宽容。由此可知，作者原谅了父亲。故选C项。15考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，病毒缩短了时间。A. shortened缩短；B. extended延伸；C. drew拉，拽；D. measured测量。父亲和作者多年没有联系，而疫情让作者和父亲重新建立联系。是疫情让他们缩短了断绝联系的时间。
103、故选A项。Passage 4【新题模拟】（2021安徽合肥市高三一模） The situation of global pandemic（流行病）is still worryingMalaysia will continue taking Movement Control Order measures to 16 the spread of the diseaseTimes like this are definitely 17 for frontline workers who have been working 18 to ensure the safety of the public s
104、ince the outbreakDue to the present situation, many eateries（饮食店）are deeply 19 As only self-pickup and in-house deliveries are 20 , online platforms to promote options have found 21 with restaurant ownersHowever, Creampuffsado, a local bakery based in Alor Setar, Malaysia, has just made the 22 of hu
105、ndreds of frontlinersThe bakerys owner, Azrul Azali, 23 a mass of bread to the towns frontlinersBut what 24 was Azruls attempt in personally writing words of 25 on all the packaging! He also contributed some to other organizationsPeople have been very 26 so far, said a police officerWe are feeling 2
106、7 for such a personal deed, 28 it is a small actPrior to this, Azrul had posted on a social platform, collecting netizens 29 words to hearten the frontlinersHe then proceeded to 30 them down one by one on the packagingHis 31 was to make sure that all Malaysians were able to appreciate the 32 the fro
107、ntliners are making during this pandemicEvery bit of 33 in tough times right now is much appreciated, whatever 34 it comes inEither youre contributing meals or simply putting your knowledge and skills forwardBecause every little action 35 in helping anyone get through this period of time16AboostBcon
108、tainCtrackDpredict17ApromisingBastonishingCentertainingDchallenging18AtirelesslyBfruitlesslyCcasuallyDaimlessly19AmovedBrootedCaffectedDimpressed20AavailableBgenuineCflexibleDcrucial21AfunBfavorCstatusDevidence22AlivingBfortuneCdayDdecision23AexposedBrelatedCthrewDdonated24Astood outBwent wildCcame
109、trueDgot ahead25AwisdomBencouragementCadviceDpraise26AtolerantBintelligentCgenerousDwealthy27AresponsibleBcrazyCconcernedDthankful28Aeven thoughBas thoughCprovided thatDso that29AclearBsincereCcomplexDcheap30AbreakBsettleCcarryDwrite31ApreferenceBchoiceCintentionDphilosophy32AconnectionsBsacrificesC
110、suggestionsDprofits33AkindnessBprideCstrengthDfaith34AplaceBorderCdirectionDform35AdiffersBpalesCcountsDarises【答案】16B17D18A19C20A21B22C23D24A25B26C27D28A29B30D31C32B33A34D35C【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了马来西亚人民为一线工作人员做出的各种帮助以及人们的小小善意对于度过疫情的巨大帮助。16考查动词词义辨析。句意：马来西亚将继续采取“行动控制令”措施，遏制疫情蔓延。A. boost增加；B. contain遏制
111、；C. track追踪；D. predict预言。根据上文“taking Movement Control Order measures”可知，采取“行动控制令”措施是为了遏制疫情蔓延。故选B项。17考查动词词义辨析。句意：疫情发生以来，一线工作人员一直在为保障公众安全不懈努力，这对他们来说无疑是一个挑战。A. promising承诺；B. astonishing使惊讶；C. entertaining娱乐；D. challenging挑战。根据上文“The situation of global pandemic is still worrying”可知，疫情对于一线工作人员来说是个挑战。故选
112、D项。18考查副词词义辨析。句意：疫情发生以来，一线工作人员一直在为保障公众安全不懈努力，这对他们来说无疑是一个挑战。A. tirelessly不厌倦地；B. fruitlessly徒劳地；C. casually偶然地；D. aimlessly毫无目的地。根据下文“His _16_ was to make sure that all Malaysians were able to appreciate the _17_ the frontliners are making during this pandemic”可知，一线工作人员一直在为群众不断努力。故选A项。19考查动词词义辨析。句意：由
113、于目前的情况，许多餐馆深受影响。A. moved移动；B. rooted生根；C. affected影响；D. impressed有印象。根据下文“As only self-pickup and in-house deliveries are _5_, online platforms to promote options have found _6_ with restaurant owners”可知，餐馆仅能自助提货或者内部送货服务，因此餐馆受到疫情影响。故选C项。20考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于只能自助取货和内部送货服务，推广各种选择的在线平台受到了餐馆老板的青睐。A. availab
114、le可得到的；B. genuine真诚的；C. flexible灵活的；D. crucial决定性的。根据上文“Due to the present situation”可推断，餐馆受疫情影响，只有自动取货和内部送货是可以的。故选A项。21考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于只提供自助取货和内部送货服务，推广各种选择的在线平台受到了餐馆老板的青睐。A. fun乐趣；B. favor喜爱；C. status地位；D. evidence证据。根据上文“Due to the present situation, many eateries are deeply _4_”可知，餐馆受疫情影响，因此线上平台更受
115、欢迎。故选B项。22考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，马来西亚阿洛星，当地一家名为Creampuffsado的面包店，刚刚迎来了数百名前线战士的一天。A. living生计；B. fortune运气；C. day天；D. decision决定。根据下文“The bakerys owner, Azrul Azali, _8_ a mass of bread to the towns frontliners”可知，马来西亚的一家面包店一天为很多前线战士准备食物。故选C项。23考查动词词义辨析。句意：面包店老板阿兹鲁阿扎利(Azrul Azali)向该镇的前线战士捐赠了大量面包。A. exposed使暴
116、露；B. related关联；C. threw扔；D. donated捐赠。根据下文“He also contributed some to other organizations”可知，Azrul为前线战士捐赠面包。故选D项。24考查动词短语辨析。句意：但最引人注目的是阿兹鲁试图在所有的包装上亲笔写下鼓励的话！A. stood out突出；B. went wild狂怒；C. came true实现；D. got ahead取得进步。根据下文“He then proceeded to _15_ them down one by one on the packaging”可知，Azrul在每个包
117、装上写鼓励的话是引人注目的。故选A项。25考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最引人注目的是阿兹鲁试图在所有的包装上亲笔写下鼓励的话！A. wisdom才智；B. encouragement鼓励；C. advice建议；D. praise赞美。根据下文“Prior to this, Azrul had posted on a social platform, collecting netizens _14_ words to hearten the frontliners”可知，Azrul在包装上写的是鼓励的话。故选B项。26考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“到目前为止，人们都很慷慨，”一名警官说。A. to
118、lerant宽容的；B. intelligent才智的；C. generous慷慨的；D. wealthy富有的。根据下文“Either youre contributing meals or simply putting your knowledge and skills forward”可知，人们都很慷慨。故选C项。27考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们对这样一个个人行为感到感激，尽管这只是一个很小的行为。A. responsible有责任感的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. concerned担心的；D. thankful感激的。根据上文“The bakerys owner, Azrul Az
119、ali, 8a mass of bread to the towns frontliners”可知，面包店捐赠面包给前线战士，因此警官对于人们的慷慨行为感到感激。故选D项。28考查短语辨析。句意：我们对这样一个个人行为感到感激，尽管这只是一个很小的行为。A. even though尽管；B. as though仿佛；C. provided that倘若；D. so that以至于。根据前后文的逻辑关系，可推断尽管警官认为这是一个很小的行为，但依旧值得感激。故选A项。29考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在此之前，阿兹鲁尔曾在一个社交平台上发帖，收集网民的真诚话语来鼓舞前线人员。A. clear清楚的；
120、B. sincere真诚的；C. complex复杂的；D. cheap便宜的。根据下文“to hearten the frontliners”可知，Azrul收集人们真诚的话语以鼓励前线人员。故选B项。30考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他把它们一个一个地写在包装上。A. break打破；B. settle解决；C. carry携带；D. write写。根据上文“But what _9_ was Azruls attempt in personally writing words of _10_ on all the packaging!”可知，Azrul收集人们真诚的话语写在包装上。故选D项。
121、31考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的目的是确保所有马来西亚人都能够理解前线人员在这场大流行病期间所作出的牺牲。A. preference偏爱；B. choice选择；C. intention目的；D. philosophy哲学。根据下文“ to make sure that all Malaysians were able to appreciate the 17the frontliners are making during this pandemic”并结合上文Azrul的集所作所为，可推断他收集人们真诚的话语写在包装上的目的是希望人们能够理解前线人员所作出的牺牲。故选C项。32考查名词词义
122、辨析。句意：他的目的是确保所有马来西亚人都能够理解前线人员在这场大流行病期间所作出的牺牲。A. connections联系；B. sacrifices牺牲；C. suggestions建议；D. profits利润。根据上文“Times like this are definitely _2_ for frontline workers who have been working _3_ to ensure the safety of the public since the outbreak”可知，马来西亚的前线人员为这场疫情期间作出了牺牲，Azrul希望人们可以理解。故选B项。33考查名词
123、词义辨析。句意：艰难时期的每一点善意都会被感激，无论它以何种形式出现。A. kindness善意；B. pride自豪；C. strength力气；D. faith信任。根据上文“in tough times right now is much appreciated”可知，困难时期每一点善意都会被感激。故选A项。34考查名词词义辨析。句意：艰难时期的每一点善意都会被感激，无论它以何种形式出现。A. place地点；B. order顺序；C. direction方向；D. form形式。根据下文“Either youre contributing meals or simply putting
124、 your knowledge and skills forward”可知，不管什么形式的善意都会被感激。故选D项。35考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为每一个小小的行动都能帮助人们度过这段时间。A. differs不同；B. pales变黯淡；C. counts计算；重要；D. arises出现。根据下文“in helping anyone get through this period of time”可推断，困难时期帮助人们度过疫情，小小的行为也是重要的。故选C项。Passage 5【新题模拟】（2021贵州贵阳市清华中学高三月考） Recently at the airport, I was
125、 leaving Portland, Oregon, to fly to Los Angeles. Because of the stormy weather, most flights were 36 , and some were even canceled. The airport was crowded with 37 travelers, but I was delighted that for some reason my flight was 38 to leave on time.As they 39 the final boarding, I noticed a man 40
126、 the counter. The ticket agent said that 41 his reservation had been cleared. She 42 and told him politely that she would do everything she could to get him a 43 on a later flight. Her answer was clearly not 44 to him as he responded with his 45 behavior. He went mad and everyone in the surrounding
127、terminal area could hear his 46 . He had an important meeting in Los Angeles, and he had to get there 47 . I couldnt help feeling sorry for him, because Id been in similar situations where I couldnt afford to 48 a flight. Suddenly, a woman walked up to this man and said that she wasnt in a 49 and wo
128、uld be glad to give him her seat. Hearing this, the man 50 dead in his tracks and it looked as if he was to cry. He 51 the woman for being an angel in his life. He boarded the flight in great happiness and 52 ! Of course, the man never knew the airline got that woman on another flight 53 three hours
129、 later and gave her a free, first-class ticket as a 54 for her kindness. Surely she was blessed. As Mother Teresa once said, Spread your love everywhere you go. “Walk path of love and kindness, and 55 will be your constant companion.36ApreparedBbookedCconfirmedDpostponed37AbusyBsurprisedCpuzzledDann
130、oyed38AdeterminedBscheduledCsupposedDconducted39AannouncedBfinishedCcomparedDreached40Alooking up toBbreaking away fromCrunning up toDstanding up against41AunfortunatelyBusuallyCquicklyDprobably42AcriedBapologizedCleftDstruggled43AmeetingBblanketCseatDmeal44AavailableBacceptableCcruelDfamiliar45Apol
131、iteBillegalCobviousDinappropriate46AsingingBshoutingClaughingDwhispering47Aon timeBin touchCin comfortDwith pride48AcatchBtakeCmissDimagine49AmessBlineCwayDhurry50AstoppedBjumpedCwaitedDcontinued51AforgaveBappreciatedCthankedDcharged52AreliefBsilenceChonorDcaution53AevenBeverCalsoDjust54AdesireBrewa
132、rdCsympathyDaward55AsuccessBwealthChappinessDknowledge【答案】36D37D38B39A40C41A42B43C44B45D46B47A48C49D50A51C52A53D54B55C【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了机场一位男子机票被延期，一位女子为帮助他，于是让座给他，最终这位女子的善意得到回报的故事。36考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于暴风雨天气，大部分航班被推迟，有些甚至被取消。A. prepared准备；B. booked预定；C. confirmed证实；D. postponed延期。根据下文“The airport was c
133、rowded with_2_ travelers, but I was delighted that for some reason my flight was _3_ to leave on time.”可推测，大部分航班被延迟。故选D项。37考查形容词词义辨析。句意：机场挤满了恼怒的旅客，但我还是很高兴，因为某种原因，我的航班预定准时起飞。A. busy忙碌的；B. surprised惊奇的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据“The airport was crowded with_2_ travelers, but I was delighted that f
134、or some reason my flight was _3_ to leave on time.”可知，作者很高兴，但是被延迟登记的旅客很气恼。故选D项。38考查动词词义辨析。句意：机场挤满了恼怒的旅客，但我还是很高兴，因为某种原因，我的航班预定准时起飞。A. determined确定；B. scheduled预定；C. supposed假设；D. conducted引导。根据下文“I couldnt help feeling sorry for him, because Id been in similar situations where I couldnt afford to _13
135、_ a flight.”可判断，作者这次没有错过航班，因此作者的航班预定依旧准时起飞。故选B项。39考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们宣布最后一次登机时，我注意到一个男人跑向柜台。A. announced宣布；B. finished结束；C. compared比较；D. reached到达。结合语境可知，此处指听到航空公司宣布最后一次登记，男人跑到柜台。故选A项。40考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他们宣布最后一次登机时，我注意到一个男人跑向柜台。A. looking up to尊敬；B. breaking away from脱离；C. running up to向跑去；D. standing up a
136、gainst抵抗。结合下文内容可知，男人的机票被取消了，而他有重要的会议，所以男人着急地跑向柜台。故选C项。41考查副词词义辨析。句意：票务员说很不幸他的预定票已经被取消了。A. unfortunately不幸的是；B. usually经常；C. quickly立刻；D. probably大概。根据下文“ She _7_and told him politely that she would do everything she could to get him a _8_ on a later flight.”可知，男人很不幸，机票被取消了。故选A项。42考查动词词义辨析。句意：她向他道歉，并
137、礼貌地告诉他，她会尽一切努力为他争取到晚些时候的航班座位。A. cried哭泣；B. apologized道歉；C. left离开；D. struggle奋斗。结合常识，票务员为他被取消机票感到抱歉。故选B项。43考查名词词义辨析。句意：她向他道歉，并礼貌地告诉他，她会尽一切努力为他争取到晚些时候的航班座位。A. meeting会议；B. blanket毛毯；C. seat座位；D. meal一餐。票务员会努力为男人争取晚些时候航班的座位，且下文的“a woman walked up to this man and said that she wasnt in a 14and would be
138、 glad to give him her seat.”也是提示。故选C项。44考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的回答显然让他无法接受，因为他的反应是不恰当的。A. available易得到的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. cruel残酷的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文“He went mad and everyone in the surrounding terminal area could hear his _11_.”可知，男子不能接受机票延期这件事。故选B项。45考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的回答显然让他无法接受，因为他的反应是不恰当的。A. polite礼貌的；B
139、. illegal不合法的；C. obvious显然的；D. inappropriate不恰当的。根据下文“He went mad and everyone in the surrounding terminal area could hear his _11_.”可知，男子的反应是不恰当的。故选D项。46考查名词词义辨析。句意：他发疯了，周围航站楼的每个人都能听到他的叫喊。A. singing歌声；B. shouting大喊大叫；C. laughing笑；D. whispering窃窃私语。根据下文“He went mad and everyone in the surrounding te
140、rminal area could hear his _11_.”可知，男子疯了一样大声喊叫。故选B项。47考查短语辨析。句意：他在洛杉矶有一个重要会议，必须准时赶到。A. on time准时；B. in touch联系；C. in comfort舒适地；D. with pride得意地。根据下文“I couldnt help feeling sorry for him, because Id been in similar situations where I couldnt afford to _13_ a flight.”可知，男人和作者一样不能错过洛杉矶的重要会议，必须准时赶到。故选A
141、项。48考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忍不住为他感到难过，因为我也有过类似的经历，不能错过航班。A. catch赶上；B. take搭乘；C. miss错过；D. imagine想象。根据上文“He had an important meeting in Los Angeles, and he had to get there _12_.”可知，作者和男人有类似的经历，不能错过航班。故选C项。49考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，一位女士向这位男士走来，说她不赶时间，很乐意给他让座。A. mess混乱；B. line线；C. way路；D. hurry匆忙。结合语境可知，这位女士不赶时间，因此给这位着
142、急的男士让座，in a hurry“着急”。故选D项。50考查动词词义辨析。句意：听了这话，那人突然停住脚步，好像要哭了。A. stopped停止；B. jumped跳；C. waited等待；D. continued继续。结合语境可知，男人听到女士的话很震惊也很感动，于是停住了脚步。故选A项。51考查动词词义辨析。句意：他感谢那个女人是他生命中的天使。A. forgave原谅；B. appreciated欣赏；C. thanked感谢；D. charged指控。男人对于女人的让座感到感谢，thank sb. for doing sth.感谢某人做某事，为固定搭配；appreciate表示“感
143、谢”其后只可接物作宾语。故选C项。52考查名词词义辨析。句意：他登上了飞机，感到非常高兴和宽慰！A. relief安慰；B. silence沉默；C. honor荣誉；D. caution警告。结合上文男人发疯一般的情况，可推知，男人登上飞机后感到高兴，也得到了安慰。故选A项。53考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，那位男士也不知道，仅仅三个小时后，航空公司就让那位女士坐上了另一趟航班，并给了她一张免费的头等舱机票作为对她好意的回报。A. even甚至；B. ever曾经；C. also也；D. just仅仅。给男士机票的那位女士仅仅三个小时后就坐上了另一趟航班。故选D项。54考查名词词义辨析。句意
144、：当然，那位男士也不知道，仅仅三个小时后，航空公司就让那位女士坐上了另一趟航班，并给了她一张免费的头等舱机票作为对她好意的回报。A. desire渴望；B. reward报答；C. sympathy同情；D. award奖品。as a reward作为回报，为固定搭配。航空公司将一张免费的头等舱机票作为对于女士的回报。故选B项。55考查名词词义辨析。句意：走爱与友善之路，幸福将是你永远的伴侣。A. success成功；B. wealth财富；C. happiness幸福；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“Surely she was blessed.”可知，保持爱与友善，幸福会一直伴随着自己。故选C项。
