1、课后培优微积累战高考，训练提分点描写人物的日常活动一、多样表达1blame v.责备2behavior n. 行为，举止3warning n. 警告4scold v. 斥责5appreciation n. 欣赏；鉴赏6experience n. 经历7give a closing address 致闭幕词8follow orders from the voluntary organization 服从志愿者组织的指挥9fail to carry out ones duties 没有履行职责10display unacceptable behavior 有不端行为11damage the ima
2、ge of high school students 损害高中生形象12make a remark upon sth. 就某事发表意见13be received with much appreciation 深受赞扬14eat ones words 收回前言，承认说错15give sb.a sharp scolding 严厉训斥某人二、佳句观摩1We can order the book for you, if you like.如果你喜欢，我们可以为你订购此书。2Dont keep blaming your little sister for your bad behavior.不要总是把你
3、的不良行为怪罪在你的小妹妹身上。3The president made a brief introductory remark on the meeting.总裁对这次会议发表了一个简短的开场白。4But he certainly has to eat his words and admit he was wrong.但是，他现在不得不收回他讲的话，承认自己错了。5There are many children and adolescents whose behavior is generally unacceptable.有许多青少年儿童的行为举止普遍地让人难以接受。6She fainted
4、 in the waiting room and had to be carried out.她在候车室里晕过去了，被抬了出去。三、佳句仿写1He knew that he had_offended_her_deeply他知道自己已经深深地冒犯了她。2If your friend does_something_wrong,_you should always address a warning to him.如果你的朋友做错了什么，你应当向他提出警告。3His father scolded_him_for_staying_out_late他爸爸斥责他夜不归宿。4We have to carry
5、_out_our_duties我们必须执行我们的任务。5She was curiously reluctant to talk_about_the_experience很奇怪，她不愿谈论那次经历。.阅读理解A语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自我个人经历赵江和泰米尔语(2021重庆市高三调研抽测)Following tips from a tourist guide 15 years ago，Zhao Jiang went to Mahabalipuram，a town，that despite its architectural splendors，golden beach and performi
6、ng arts，was strictly off the map for Chinese holidaygoers at the time.Then in October came the news that Chinese President Xi Jinping and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi would have an informal summit at the same seaside resort in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.“I was happy that Tamil Nadu got th
7、e chance to host the summit and enjoy the spotlight，and I was proud that what I have learned and am working on has now become wellknown，”Zhao who heads the Tamil language service at China Radio International(CRI)said.It was been an illuminating journey for Zhao.In the mid1990s，when she went to study
8、 a foreign language at the Communication University of China，she chose her major more on_a_quirk“At that time，the university was offering Bangla，Nepali，Swahili and Tamil as foreign languages.I knew Bangla was spoken in Bangladesh，Nepali in Nepal and Swahili in Tanzania.But I had never heard of Tamil
9、 and I had no idea where it was spoken.So I signed up for this unheardof language，” she said.Today，she is an expert in Tamil，the predominant language in Tamil Nadu.It is also spoken in Sri Lanka，Singapore and Malaysia.It is one of the oldest languages in the world with a history of about 2，100 years
10、 and its script (字母系统) is frightening，leading to a noted Indian business tycoon (大亨) calling it “the Great Wall of Tamil”文章大意：赵江上大学时学习了泰米尔语，这一语言在印度泰米尔纳德邦、斯里兰卡、新加坡和马来西亚均有使用。获知国家主席习近平和印度总理纳伦德拉莫迪将在泰米尔纳德邦的一个海滨度假胜地举行非正式会晤，赵江因自己所学的语言和所从事的工作为人所知而感到自豪。1Why did Zhao Jiang go to Mahabalipuram 15 years ago?ACh
11、inese tourists loved to go there.BLeaders often had meetings there.CZhao Jiang loved the architecture there.DA tourist guide advised her to go there.解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段首句可知，15年前赵江是听了一个导游的建议，才去了那里，故选D项。2What can we learn about Zhao Jiangs job?AShe hosts the important summit.BShe takes charge of the Tami
12、l language service.CShe works as a journalist.DShe enjoys the spotlight.解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句可知，赵江在中国国际广播电台主管泰米尔语部，故选B项。3What does the underlined phrase “on a quirk” probably mean?AOn occasions.BIn advance.CBy accident.DOn purpose.解析：C考查词义猜测。根据第四段最后两句可推知，赵江在选择学习泰米尔语时，对其一无所知；且从未听说过这一语言，也不知道什么地方使用这种语言，
13、她是偶然选了她的专业，故选C项。4What is called “the Great wall of Tamil” by an Indian business man?AThe oral form of Tamil language.BThe long history of Tamil language.CThe writing system of Tamil language.DThe only expert on Tamil language.解析：C考查细节理解。根据最后一段最后一句可知，泰米尔语历史悠久，其字母系统令人恐惧，以至于一位印度商业大亨把它称为“泰米尔语长城”，故选C项。B语
14、篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会社会文化英语中慎用名词的动词化While many of us may have been away somewhere nice last summer，few would say that weve “summered”. “Summer” is clearly a noun，more precisely，a verbed noun.Way back in our childhood，we all learned the difference between a noun and a verb. With such a clear definition，it w
15、as easy to spot the difference. Not so in adulthood，where we are expected to “foot” the bill，“chair” committees，and “dialogue”with political opponents. Chances are you didnt feel uncomfortable about the sight of those verbed nouns.“The verbing of nouns is as old as the English language，”says Patrici
16、a OConner，a former editor at The New York Times Book Review. Experts estimated that 20 percent of all English verbs were originally nouns. And the phenomenon seems to be snowballing. Since 1900，about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns.Even though the conversion (转化) is quite universal，
17、plenty of grammarians object to the practice. William Strunk Jr.and EB.White，in The Elements of Stylean authoritative (权威性的) book for the use of American Englishhave this to say，“Many nouns lately have been pressed into service as verbs.Not all are bad，but all are suspect.”The Chicago Manual of Styl
18、e takes a similar standpoint，advising writers to use verbs with great care.“Sometimes people object to a new verb because they resist what is unfamiliar to them，” says OConner. Thats why were comfortable “hosting” a party，but we might feel upset by the thought of “medaling” in sports. So are there a
19、ny rules for verbing? Benjamin Dreyer，copy chief at Random House，doesnt offer a rule，but suggests that people think twice about “verbifying” a noun if its easily replaced by an already existing popular verb. Make sure its descriptive but not sillysounding，he says.In the end，however，style is subjecti
20、ve.The easy conversion of nouns to verbs has been part of English grammar for centuries，it is one of the processes that make English“English”. Not every coinage (新创的词语) passes into general use，but as for trying to end verbing altogether，forget it.文章大意：在英语中把名词动词化的做法很普遍，但是很多语法学家反对这种做法，而且有时这样做也可能会让我们失望
21、，因此我们要慎用名词的动词化。5What can we learn about the verbing of nouns?AIt hasnt recently been opposed by many grammarians.BIt is more commonly accepted by children than adults.CIt hasnt been a rare phenomenon since last century.DIt is easily replaced by existing verbs in practice.解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段尾句“Since 190
22、0，about 40 percent of all new verbs have come from nouns.”可知，自1900年以来，大约40%的新动词来自名词。据此可知，自上个世纪以来，名词的动词化就成了常见的现象，故C项正确。6What is most leading experts attitude towards the practice of the verbing of nouns?ACautious.BSatisfied.CDisappointed.DUnconcerned.解析：A考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“Many nouns lately have bee
23、n pressed into service as verbs.Not all are bad，but all are suspect.”可知，针对名词的动词化，两位权威的语法学家认为并非所有这种做法都是不好的，但所有都是不可靠的。据此可推知，权威专家对把名词动词化的做法持谨慎的态度，故A项正确。7What does the author think of ending the verbing of nouns?APredictable.BPracticable.CApproaching.DImpossible.解析：D考查推理判断。根据尾段尾句“Not every coinage(新创的词语
24、)passes into general use，but as for trying to end verbing altogether，forget it.”可知，不是每个新创的词语都会普遍使用，但是至于试图结束名词的动词化，那就算了吧。据此可推知，作者认为结束名词的动词化是不可能的，故D项正确。A项意为“可预见的”，B项意为“可行的，行得通的”，都与文意不符。8What is the best title for the text?AAre 40 Percent of All New Verbs from Nouns?BAre Summering and Medaling Annoying
25、?CAre You Comfortable About a New Verb?DAre There Any Rules for Verbing?解析：B考查标题判断。通读全文可知，文章首段以summer一词为例引出主题：名词的动词化；接着文章表述把名词动词化的做法很普遍，但有很多语法学家反对这种做法，而且这样做有时可能会让我们失望，因此我们要慎用名词的动词化。故B项最适合作本文标题。.七选五语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会人际交流影响英语口语语体风格的三个主要因素(2021广州市高三调研)Learning to understand spoken English can be difficult
26、.Learners must not only master new phrases，but also learn conversational idioms.Thats a lot to learn! But they may soon realize there is something else going on.1._ These different styles of speaking are called “registers”In their work，language experts identify three major factors that affect the re
27、gister of spoken English: the place of the conversation，the relationship between the speakers，and the purpose of the conversation.2_ Even two best friends who work and live together may speak more formally to each other in the office.At home，one might say，“Cmon，I wanna leave.” The same person at wor
28、k might say，“Are you ready to go now？”The relationship between the speakers also affects the language they use when talking with each other.People speak less formally to friends and more formally to strangers.3._People who know each other well might use more idioms and more slang in their speech.An
29、angry woman might tell her daughter to “hush your mouth” and her sister to “quiet down”Finally，the purpose of the conversation affects peoples speech.A person who wants to ease hurt feelings uses a soft，quiet tone.4._Few speakers realize that they change registers according to these factors.5._We ar
30、e not aware that we make these changes.We accept the changeability of the weather，but we often refuse to accept the changeability of speech.AIn fact，most people strongly deny it.BPeople generally speak less at work than they do at home.CThe very same person speaks differently in different situations
31、.DTherefore，we should be careful not to hurt each other with our speech.EOn the other hand，a person who wants to pick a fight speaks rapidly and loudly.FThe place where the conversation takes place directly affects the language of the conversation.GBecause they already share information and experien
32、ce with friends，they do not need to explain as much.文章大意：语言专家发现，影响英语口语语体风格的三个主要因素是：谈话的地点、说话者之间的关系以及谈话的目的。1解析：C根据空后一句“These different styles of speaking are called registers”与C 项中的“speaks differently in different situations”相呼应，说明同一个人在不同的情况下说话风格不同，故选C项。2解析：F根据空后一句“Even two best friends who work and l
33、ive together may speak more formally to each other in the office.”可知，即使是一起工作和生活的两个最好的朋友，他们在办公室里交谈的方式也可能更正式；并结合该段所举的例子和第一段最后一句可知，本段应是讲述影响英语口语语体风格的因素之一谈话的地点，故F项与此处匹配。3解析：G根据空前一句“People speak less formally to friends and more formally to strangers.”可知，人们对朋友说话不太正式，而对陌生人说话则比较正式。据此可推知，空处应是解释其原因，即因为他们已经和朋友
34、分享了信息和经历，所以他们不需要解释太多。故G项正确。4解析：E根据空前两句可知，谈话的目的会影响人们说话的方式；一个人想要缓解受伤的情感，就会使用轻柔的语调。据此可推知，空处与此相对，说明想找麻烦的人说话语速快且声音大，故E项正确。5解析：A根据最后一段中的“Few speakers realize”“refuse to accept”可知，A项“事实上，大部分人强烈地否认它(说话风格的改变)”符合语境。.语法填空语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与社会社会与文化中国高考被越来越多的国外大学承认(2020山东模拟卷)The university of Birmingham, UK, accepted
35、the Gaokao exam for highflying Chinese students 1._(wish) to join its undergraduate courses in 2019.High school students 2._ complete the National Higher Education Entrance Examination, or Gaokao, with top grades can apply for direct entry into Birmingham degree programmes 3._ first completing a fou
36、ndation year.Gaokao, which 4._(hold) across China in early June, is 5._(increase) accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe. Birmingham only considers high quality students who achieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language 6._(r
37、equire).Professor Jon Frampton, Director of the University of Birminghams China Institute said，“I am 7._(delight) that the University now accepts the Gaokao.This gives the 8._(bright) and best Chinese students 9._ opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programmes and e
38、xperience the benefits of studying at a 10._(globe) Top 100 university.”文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是关于中国高考被越来越多的国外大学承认的事情。1解析：wishing考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：英国伯明翰大学2019年接受了中国优秀学生的高考。此处是现在分词作后置定语，修饰学生，表示希望在伯明翰接受本科教育的学生，学生与希望是主动关系，所以用现在分词，故填wishing。2解析：who考查定语从句。句意：以优异成绩完成全国高等教育入学考试(National Higher Education Entrance
39、Examination，简称高考)的高中生，无须先完成预科课程，就可以申请直接进入伯明翰的学位课程。此处High school students是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填who。3解析：without考查介词。句意：以优异成绩完成全国高等教育入学考试(National Higher Education Entrance Examination，简称高考)的高中生，无须先完成预科课程，就可以申请直接进入伯明翰的学位课程。介词without后面跟动名词作宾语，再根据第一句伯明翰大学承认中国高考成绩，所以无须先完成预科课程，故填without。4解析：is held考查一般现在时
40、态的被动语态。句意：6月初在中国各地举行的高考，越来越多地被澳大利亚、美国、加拿大和欧洲大陆所接受。此处指目前的一种客观事实，且定语从句的主语which(Gaokao)和hold之间是一种被动关系，所以句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故填is held。5解析：increasingly考查副词。句意：6月初在中国各地举行的高考，越来越多地被澳大利亚、美国、加拿大和欧洲大陆所接受。此处accepted是动词，由副词来修饰，故填increasingly。6解析：requirements考查名词复数。句意：伯明翰只会考虑那些在高考中取得至少80%的高分，并满足额外的学术和英语要求的高质量学生。要求不止
41、一个，此处用名词复数，故填requirements。7解析：delighted考查形容词。句意：我很高兴这所大学现在接受高考。be delighted意为“感到高兴”，故填delighted。8解析：brightest考查形容词最高级。句意：这给了最聪明、最优秀的中国学生机会。根据the和best可知，此处用形容词最高级，故填brightest。9解析：an考查不定冠词。句意：有机会直接进入我们的本科课程的第一年，体验在全球百强大学学习的好处。此处表示泛指，且opportunity是以元音音素开头，故填an。10解析：global考查形容词。句意：有机会直接进入我们的本科课程的第一年，体验在全球百强大学学习的好处。此处用形容词修饰名词，故填global。8
