1、Articles1.冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。2.冠词分为不定冠词a(an)和定冠词the两种。一.不定冠词的用法制作者：王月芳分析：a和an均用于单数可数名词之前，表示一类人或事物中的“任何”一个，相当于汉语中的“一”，但不用于强调数目的概念。例1 Jacks father is _ doctor.A.a B.an C.some D./例2 There is _“f”and _“u”in the word“four”.A.an,a B.a,a C.an,an D.a,an分析：在名词前使用a或an要取决于该名词的读音。如果首字母的读音是元
2、音因素，应用an；如果首字母的读音是辅音音素，应用a。1.a,e,i,o,u五个元音字母处于词首时，未必都是元音音素，u发音ju:或ju前面用冠词a，u读时。an前面用冠词 half an hour anhonest boy “h”在这里不发音2.26个字母中以开头为元音音素发音的字母有：f ef,h eit,l el,n en,r a:,s es,x eks。There is an“R”in the word.This is a European country.European词首字母不发音，j是辅音音素。This is a one-eyed dog.one w是辅音音素。This is
3、a European country.European词首字母不发音，j是辅音音素。考点：类似的还有：“u”/useful/useless/uselessness university /universe 这些词前面都加不定冠词“a”例3-Why not take _ friend with you?-Thats _ good idea.A.a,a B.the,the C.a,the D.the,a分析使用不定冠词指某人或某物，但不具体说明是 何人或何物。例4 Take the medicine three times _ day.A.a B.the C.an D./分析 使用不定冠词表示单位
4、，fifty miles an hour意为“每小时50公里”，twice a week意为“每周两次”。例5.English is _language.It is _ important tool.A.a,a B.a,an C.the,an D.a,/分析 a language意为“一种语言”。language 是可数名词。例6_ steel worker makes steel.A./B.A C.This D.That分析 a(an)放于单数的可数名词前表示“一类”。该句中 a steel worker是指钢铁工人们。表示一类有三种方式：A bike is slower than a ca
5、r.The bike is slower than the car.Bikes are slower than cars.例7 Tom has _ high fever and his mother is looking after him.A.a B.the C.an D./分析 表示生什么病前应用a,have a headache,have a cold。例8 Mary takes _ walk after supper every day.A.the B.a C./D.one分析give,take,have与一些动词名词化的词连用，表示一次动作，名词前要加a。have a talk(ba
6、th,look);make a living(promise);take a swim(walk,rest)give a talk(whistle,smile)例9 The old woman had_ fire in her room.A.the B./C.a D.this分析抽象名词和物质名词的具体化时，该名词前要加a。It is a great joy to study at this college.This kind of wood can make into a good paper.He made a living by selling newspaper.二、定冠词的用法例Th
7、ere is _bridge over the river._ bridge is made of stone.A.a,A B.a,The C.the,The D.the,A分析 文章中第一次出现的可数名词前用a(an)。下次再出现此名词则用the。I have a little bird.The bird is yellow.例 _ old workers under that tree are from Shanghai.A.The B.An C.This D.That分析 名词后有表示范围、地点的介词短语限定时，名词前应加the来表示特指。The boys here are intere
8、sted in sports.例3 _ first one sat down and the second stood up.A.The B.A C.One D.An分析 序数词前表示顺序时前加the。Mary is the third to come in.例Winter is _ coldest season of the year.A.a B.the C./D.so分析 形容词最高级前及Only修饰的名词前均要加 the。Mary is the only girl who is often late for class.例_ moon moves around _ earth,and t
9、hey both are smaller than _ sun.A.The,the,the B.A,an,a C.The,an,the D.The,the,a分析 定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的物体名词前。例We live in _ south of China.A.the B./C.a D.some分析 表示东、南、西、北方的名词前要加the。The sun rises in the east.例_ Browns are watching TV at home at the moment.A./B.The C.Mr.D.A分析 the放于姓氏的复数形式前时，表示一家人或一姓的夫妇二人。例He
10、 will go to see you off at _ Railway Station.A.a B.an C.the D./分析 the普通名词构成专有名词。the United Statesthe United Nationsthe Peoples Republic of China例I was playing _ piano at eight yesterday morning.A.a B./C.the D.this分析 play乐器表示弹奏时，该乐器名词前加 the。Alice likes to play the violin while Kate likes to play the
11、flute.表示数量时可用a。This is a new piano against the wall.例10 Our teacher gets up early in _ morning.A.the B./C.a D.an分析 牢记一些含the的习惯用语，在句中用作时间状语。in the afternoon(evening)in the daytimeat the beginningin the end例11 There is a large ship in _middle of the river.A.a B./C.the D.any分析 牢记一些含the的习惯用语，在句中用作地点状语。o
12、n the right(left)/in the front ofin the middle of the meeting/the forest/at the foot of the hill例12 Last night we went to _ cinema.A.the B.a C./D.those分析 牢记一些固定搭配：go to the concert(theatre)例13 _ young should care for and help _ old.A.The,a B.The,the C.A,the D.An,an分析 the形容词（形容词名词化）表示一类人或事物。the poor/
13、the rich/the sick/the beautiful例14 The small town lies on _ Yangtzi River.A.a B.an C./D.the分析 定冠词the用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛名称的前面。the Dead Sea/the Black Seathe North China Plain华北平原三.零冠词的用法不用冠词就叫做零冠词例1 Paper is made of _ bamboo.A.a B.the C./D.that分析 物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词。Wood can be made into chairs and tables.I
14、ron is a kind of metal.例 _ January is the first month of the year.A.The B.A C./D.That分析 表示节日、月份的名词前一般不加the。Spring is coming.He was born in December.如果表示有某年限定的季节和月份时，季节和月份前要加the。He was born in the Summer of 1964.例We have no classes _ Sundays.A.the B.these C.D.those分析 表示一周中七日的名称前一般不加冠词。例I studies _Eng
15、lish in_ England.A./,/B.an,the C.an,an D./,the分析 学科前和国名、洲名前一般不加冠词。learn Chinese(maths,physics,chemistry)China is in Asia.in Germany(Japan)in Africa(Europe)例They often take a walk in _ Hyde Park.A.the B.a C./D.this分析 在一些专有名词（地名、节假日）之前不加冠词。Christmas Day New years EveNational Day Childrens DayTeachers
16、Day Wall Street例The thief was thrown into _ prison.A.the B.a C.this D./分析 表示某一概念，而不是某具体工作的部门时，名词前不加冠词。背会下列词组：go to work(college,school,hospital,church)be in hospital(school,bed,prison)go to school/go to the school上这所学校go to bed/be on the bed东西摆在床上go to class(be in class)/be in the class在教室里例He doesn
17、t have _ breakfast at home.A.a B.the C.this D./分析 表示三餐的名词前不加冠词，如果前面有形容词修饰该词，表示“一顿的饭”，可加a。have a big supper(nice lunch)例We go to work by _ bus.A./B.a C.the D.one分析 表示交通工具的手段时，用by名词表示，该名词前不用冠词。by bike(taxi,car,train,plane,spaceship)或by sea(water,air,land)如果用介词in或on，名词前要加冠词或物主代词。例_ running is good.A.Th
18、e B.A C./D.An分析 动名词前一般不用冠词。Walking on the moon is difficult.Seeing is believing.例10 These boys play _ football after class.A.a B.the C.that D./分析 球类、棋类、游戏名称前不加冠词。例11 The students of _ Grade One are having a meeting.A.these B./C.a D.an分析 名词数词表示顺序时，前面不加冠词the；序数词名词表示顺序数，序数词前加冠词the。turn to page3/the thi
19、rd pageLesson One/the first lessongate Five/the fifth Gate例12 There is no _ book on the desk.A.the B.a C.an D./分析 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或any和 no时，均不再用冠词。no books,not a book,not any books例13 He often works late at _ night.A./B.the C.a D.all分析 表示时间或地点的一些介词名词的词组和一些固定词组中，均不加冠词。at home,in town,at noon,
20、at daybreak,in trouble,in danger,in fact等。例14 What does this word mean,_?A.my father B.Father C.father D.a father分析家庭成员的称呼、称呼语或只一人担任的职务名词前不用冠词。He is secretary of our lab.Mother is cooking while father is reading newspaper.father和mother大写时前不加物主代词，小写时前要加物主代词，如：my father,his mother。注意：有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词，其意义
21、有所不同。如：1)at table 在吃饭at the table 在桌子旁2)in class 在上课in the class 在班级中3)go to school 去上学go to the school到那所学校去4)go to bed 上床睡觉go to the bed 到床那边去5)in front of 在的前面in the front of 在的前部1.表示一类人或事物中的“任何”一个，相当于汉语中“一”，但不用于强调数目的概念。2.指某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。3.表示单位4.表示“一类”不定冠词的用法1.文章中第一次出现的可数名词前用a(an)。下次再出现此名词时。2
22、.名词后有表示范围、地点的介词短语限定时3.序数词前表示顺序时4.形容词最高级前及only修饰的名词前。5.定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的物体名词前。定冠词的用法6.表示东、南、西、北方的名词前7.姓氏的复数形式前时,表示一家人或一姓的夫妇二人8.the普通名词构成专有名词。9.play乐器表示弹奏时，该乐器名词前加 the。10.the形容词（形容词名词化）表示一类人或事物11.定冠词the用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛名称的前面1.物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词2.表示节日、月份的名词前一般不加the3.表示一周中七日的名称前一般不加冠词4.学科前和国名、洲名前一般不加冠词5.在一些专
23、有名词（地名、节假日）之前不加冠词6.表示某一概念，而不是某具体工作的部门时，名词前不加冠词7.表示三餐的名词前不加冠词不用冠词的场合8.表示交通工具的手段时，用by名词表示，该名词前不用冠词。9.动名词前一般不用冠词。10.球类、棋类、游戏名称前不加冠词。11.名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或any和 no时，均不再用冠词12.表示时间或地点的一些介词名词的词组和一些固定词组中，均不加冠词13.家庭成员的称呼、称呼语或只一人担任的职务名词前不用冠词Exercise 1.Write a,an or the Where necessary.Mina lives in a-big
24、 city.She is(1)_ eighteen-year-old girl.Shes got.(2)_ brother and(3)_sister.Mina is(4)_ oldest child in(5)_ family.(6)_city where she lives is very big.(7)_ population is more than 10 million.Mina doesnt have(8)_education.She has(9)_job working in(10)_factory.She hopes that one day she will have(11)
25、_chance to go to(12)_school.anaathetheThe The anaaa/1.Theres no air or water on _ moon.2._ Yellow River is _ second longest river in _ China.3.My mother bought me _ very nice bike.I like _ bike very much.4.Xiao Ming likes playing _ basketball,but he doesnt like playing _ piano.theThe theathe/the/5.T
26、he students dont have classes in _ afternoon on _ Saturday.6.I often watch TV in _ evening.7.Lets go out for _ walk.8.What would you like for lunch,_ coffee or _ milk?the/thea/1.-Is it _ English dictionary?-Yes,and it is _ useful one.A.a,a B.a,an C.an,a D.an,an2.Theres _ dictionary on _ desk near th
27、e window.A.a,the B.a,a C.the,a D.the,the3._ earth we live on is bigger than _ moon.A.The,a B.The,the C.An,a D.An,the4.It takes us nearly _ hour to go to Korla by _ air.A.an,a B.a,an C.an,/D.a,the5.My uncle isnt _ old man,and he likes playing _ football.A.a,a B.an,an C.the,the D.an,/6._ car in front of our school gate is_.A.The,the Turners B.A,the Turners C./,the Turners D.The,the Turners
