1、Unit 4 Astronomy:the science of the starsUsing Language词汇知识自主学习.根据语境及汉语提示,使用本单元的重点单词填入下面的空中1.This is that _(生物学家)who has rescued her life.2.There is a theory that the earth is round because of _(重力,万有引力).3.Television stations around the world are linked by _(卫星).4.It is the _(地质学家)who have calculate
2、d the age of the earth.5.The present book is mainly intended as an introduction for _(物理学家).biologistgravitysatellitegeologistsphysicists6.In spite of facing much trouble,I believe you will soon get used to the _(气候)here.7.The _(宇宙飞船)will soon be launched,and the people at control have already begun
3、 to count down.8.I have been on the run all day and I am really _(精疲力竭的).9.Here is enough water in the harbor to _(使浮起)a fleet.10.The newly-elected president narrowly escaped in the air _(碰撞).climatespaceshipexhaustedfloatcrash11.They are going to _ down(推倒)that building,where a new theatre will be
4、constructed.12.As spring advanced,the discomforts of Lowood _(减轻).13.When you are relaxed,your breathing tends to be slow and _(温和的).pulllessenedgentle.根据语境选词填空fall to the ground,cheer up,now that,less than,as if,come on,get the hang of,break out,watch out for,block out1.“Youll _it,”he says cheerful
5、ly when looking at the paper.2.You look as though you need _.3._you can play in the campus,why not do some teamwork together?get the hang ofcheering upNow that4.We are told that each party shall consist of not _ten.5.At the beginning of this year,serious trouble had _in the north of the USA.6.Upon g
6、etting to the apartment,I heard that the dishes _with a crash.7.That cough sounds _it is getting worse.8._,dear!Shake a leg;we are late already.9._these fellows,who have come to steal your land.10.If the curtain is put down,the sunlight will _.less thanbroken outfell to the groundas ifCome onWatch o
7、ut forbe blocked out【构词规律】根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格。1.学科后加名词后缀-ist,表示专家或从事该项活动的人physics物理physicist物理学家art艺术 _艺术家science科学_科学家chemistry化学_化学家artistscientistchemist2.动词+out构成动词短语block out挡住(光线)break _爆发watch _密切注视turn _结果是check _核查outoutoutout阅读精析合作学习 Task 1 框架宏观建构:整体理解 Task 2 文本微观剖析:细节探究1.根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。(1)The
8、 passage is mainly about _.A.introduction of the moonB.the gravity that I felt on my way to the moonC.my visit to the moonD.my friend Li Yanping,an astronomer(2)According to the text,we know that the force of the gravity would change _times.A.2 B.3 C.4 D.5(3)When did the author feel strongest of the
9、 gravity of the earth?A.On the moon.B.On the half way to the moon.C.At the very beginning.D.On their leaving from the moon.(4)What causes the writer to feel that he becomes weightless on the moon?A.Spaceship.B.Gravity.C.His friend.D.His good feelings of the moon.(5)From the text we can know if a man
10、 grows up on the moon,_.A.he will grow taller than on the earthB.he will grow shorter than on the earthC.he will become fatterD.he will become weightless答案:(1)(5)CBCBA根据文章内容完成空格。A visit to the moonPart 1Para.1I was lucky enough(1)_(make)a trip into space and visit the moon.Part 2Para.2The force of g
11、ravity would change three(2)_(time)on our journey,and the first change would be the(3)_(power).to maketimesmost powerfulPart 3Para.3When we got there,I wanted(4)_(explore)immediately.But when I tried to step forward,I(5)_(fall)over.After a while I got(6)_ hang of it.Para.4(7)_ the moons gravity was
12、not as painful(8)_ leaving the earths.But(9)_(return)to the earth was very(10)_(frighten).to explorefelltheLeavingasreturningfrightening2.运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。译文:我们起飞前,李彦平向我解释说,_。在我们的航行中会有三次重力的改变,而且第一次的改变将是最强的译文:_随着火箭的升空,因为我们试图逃离地球的引力,我们被向后推在了座位上。译文:_当我们更接近月球时,我们就会感到月球的引力在拉我们,但是它不像地球的引力那么大。Task 3 阅读思维升华:
13、主题实践1.结合课文主题回答下列问题。What are your problems when visiting the moon?_I will meet with the problem of losing weight.But after I practice walking onthe moon,I will get the hang of it.2.结合课文主题使用本单元词汇与句型,根据提示写一篇50词左右的短文。(1)上个月我很幸运有机会去太空旅行。(2)随着火箭的升空,我们体验到了重力(gravity)的吸引(pull),随后,我们在失重的情况下在太空舱里漂浮(float)起来。(
14、3)当到达月球的时候,我从飞船(spaceship)里爬下来享受这次探险。(4)最后我们返回了地球,这令我们振奋(cheer up)。【词块积累】pull down 拆除pull in(火车)到站,进站pull out拿出,拉出pull through 恢复健康;帮助某人脱离困境pull over靠边停车【链高考明考向】(2020天津高考)He pulls out a special device,points it at the suspect,and switches it on.他拿出一个特殊的装置,指着嫌疑犯,打开了它。【巧学助记】对比记忆push/pull【熟词生义】The show
15、 has certainly pulled(in)the crowds.表演当然吸引了大批观众。()v.吸引【即学活用】(1)Tom was not seriously injured and pulled _ after staying in bed for two weeks.(2)A young woman pulled _ the road and offered to give me a ride.(3)Luckily,by their joint efforts,they finally pulled the young driver _ of his car.(4)The tra
16、in pulled _ and all the passengers were ready to get off.throughoveroutin2.cheer up感到高兴;感到振奋*I always cheer up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties.我总是感到振奋,即使遇到困难也从不停止追求我的目标。*A big crowd gathered around the tower to see the race and cheer them on.一大群人聚集在塔的周围观看比赛,为他们加油。
17、【词块积累】(1)cheer.on 为鼓气,为喝彩/加油(2)cheer n.欢呼声vt.欢呼;喝彩cheerful adj.快乐的;高兴的;兴高采烈的cheerfully adv.高兴地(3)cheers(用于祝酒)干杯【巧学助记】感到高兴的cheer【小词汇大文化】We should cheer on those who have enough determination,for faith can move mountains.我们要为那些有充分毅力的人加油,因为信念能移山。(精诚所至,金石为开。)【即学活用】(1)用cheer的适当形式填空。Everyone is longing fo
18、r your coming,and it would be more _ if you could give a performance.Bathed in sunshine,we enjoyed the splendid view _.Deeply touched by his courage,all the audience _ loudly.(2)But things are not so bad as you imagine.Just _(振作起来)!cheerfulcheerfullycheeredcheer up3.But when I tried to step forward,
19、I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因此我摔倒了。【句式解构】(1)此句为主从复合句,其中when引导时间状语从句;主句谓语found之后的宾语从句省略了连接词that。(2)twice as far as.意为“是的两倍远”,属倍数表达法之一。其结构为“A+be/do+倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B,表示“A 是 B的多少倍”。*As the labor law rules,employers should pay
20、 three times as much as what they pay normally.按照劳动法,雇主应该按正常工资的三倍支付。*Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。【名师点津】倍数表达法的归纳 用 times 表示倍数(一般限于包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍的数,一般用 twice)。A is+倍数/分数/百分数+as+adj.(原级)as BA is+倍数/分数/百分数+adj.(比较级)than BA is+倍数/分数/百分数+the+n.(size/weight/length/width等)of BA is+
21、倍数/分数/百分数+what从句【即学活用】(1)一句多译。这个大厅是我们教室的五倍大。This hall is five times _our classroom.This hall is five times _our classroom.This hall is five times _our classroom.(2)改错Our factory is twice as bigger as theirs.()bigger thanas big asthe size ofbigger改为big4.“Oh dear,”I cried,“walking does need a bit of p
22、ractice now that gravity has changed.”“天哪,”我大声说,“重力改变了,看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”【句式解构】now that既然,由于,引导原因状语从句,that也可以省略。与之意思相近的有seeing that和since。*Now that you are a great lover of Peking Opera,Im sure that you dont want to miss the chance.既然你很喜欢京剧,我确信你不想错过这个机会。*(2020全国卷)Now that youve listed your strengths,li
23、st your imperfections.既然你已经列出了自己的优点,那就列出你的不完美吧。【即学活用】(1)_,lets develop a good habit of reading.既然阅读对我们有好处,让我们培养好的阅读习惯吧。(2)_,you should not rely on your parents.既然你长 大了,就不应该依靠你的父母。Now that reading is good for usNow that you are grown up【要点拾遗】1.gentle adj.温和的;文雅的*Im sure that you will develop a great
24、interest in this gentle exercise.我确信你会对这个温和的运动感兴趣的。*I said to my mother gently,“Nothing is more valuable than the love of you in the world.”我温柔地对母亲说:“在这个世界上,没有什么能比你的爱更宝贵。”【词块积累】(1)gentleman n.绅士(2)gently adv.轻轻地;温柔地;温和地【即学活用】(1)用gentle的适当形式填空。She held the baby _.With _ breeze and warm sunshine embra
25、cing us,everyone was happy and relaxed.Orchid,a symbol of a real _,is a kind of flower popular among Chinese.(2)He is a man gentle in manner but firm in action.译:_ gentlygentlegentleman他是一个举止文雅但行动坚决的人。2.block out 挡住(光线)*As a result of this event,a great dust cloud formed in the sky blocking out the
26、sunlight.正因为这一事件,天空形成了一团巨大的尘云,挡住了阳光。*We noticed the shared bicycles parked here and there,blocking the way of the passers-by.我们注意到共享单车停得到处都是,堵塞了人行道。【词块积累】(1)block out 忘掉,抹去;草拟,画的简略图(2)blockn.块;街区;大楼vt.堵塞;阻塞【链高考明考向】(2019江苏高考)What the scientists did to the road was that they blocked it.科学家们把这条路堵住了。【小词
27、汇大文化】Every man is his own worst enemy,and if you carry on,nothing can block you.一个人最大的敌人就是自己。只要继续努力,没有什么能阻挡住你。(一个人,只要能战胜了自己,就将战无不胜。)【即学活用】语法填空。(1)After we had walked a few _(block),we were wet from head to toes,and I felt Kate was trembling with cold.(2)The tree is so big that it blocks _ a lot of l
28、ight.(3)The pavement _(block)by vans,cars or other badly parked vehicles.blocksoutis blocked3.float vi.&vt.(使)浮动;(使)漂浮 n.漂浮物*Rivers are so dirty that we often see dead fish floating on the surface of the water.河流如此脏,以至于我们经常看到死鱼漂浮在水面上。*There wasnt enough water to float the ship.水不够深,船浮不起来。【熟词生义】He fl
29、oated his firm on the stock market.()他让自己的公司上市了。vt.上市【即学活用】(1)用float的适当形式填空。Li Ming and I will pick up the rubbish _ on the river,which may makethe river look cleaner.30 minutes seemed much longer as we just helplessly _ on the boundless sea.We are trying _the sunken ship.(2)In the spaceship,there i
30、s no gravity so the food would float around.译:_ floatingfloatedto float在太空船上没有重力,因此食物会到处飘。4.break out突发;爆发*We watched,amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着,随着地球的引力增加,宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。*It is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethyle
31、ne.这种虫子可以分解聚乙烯,这并不令人意外。【词块积累】break down 出故障;失败;垮掉;垮下来;分解break in破门而入;打断(谈话等)break into强行闯入;突然起来break away from脱离;挣脱break up 解散;打碎;驱散【即学活用】(1)语法填空。What is worse,many computers selling tickets broke _ under too much pressure of operation.Two friends have an argument that breaks _ their friendship fore
32、ver.On hearing the news that a wildfire broke _ in your hometown,I am extremely concerned.(2)Hardly had I reached home _.我一到家暴风雨就来了。downupoutwhen a storm broke out5.watch out for密切注意;当心;提防*You must always watch out for the traffic here.你必须要注意这里的交通。*Watch out!There were lots of accidents here.注意!此处发生
33、过很多车祸。*Watch out for the haze;it may do great harm to us.当心这种雾霾天气,它可能对我们造成很大的损害。【词块积累】watch over 照顾;监督;保护watch out小心,提防keep a watch on守望;注视【知识延伸】watch out的同义短语还有look out,take care,be careful等。【即学活用】用watch的相关短语填空。(1)The cashiers were asked _artificial banknotes.(2)Youll lose your figure if you dont _
34、.(3)Will you _the baby while Im out?to watch out forwatch outwatch over主题活动迁移应用.语用功能表达 太空话题常用语块:载人飞船 manned spaceship/spacecraft 多人多天太空飞行 multi-manned and multi-day space flight 载人航天计划 manned space program 航天飞机space shuttle 无人飞船unmanned spaceship/spacecraft试验太空船Experimental Spacecraft 太空舱 capsule 运载
35、火箭carrier rocket/rocket launcher 近地轨道low Earth orbit 绕地球飞行 orbit the earth 发射台launch pad 太空升降舱 space elevator 外太空outer space;deep space中国航天局 CNSA(China National Space Administration)美国航空航天管理局 NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)太空服 space outfits(space suits)太空食物 space food 着陆区 landing
36、 area 主着陆场 main landing field/primary landing site 航天员astronaut.话题情景交流 来自印度尼西亚的Widuri和来自斯里兰卡的Danu就太空旅行的话题展开 讨论。对话参考范例:Widuri:Hello!Im Widuri from Indonesia.Danu:And Im Danu,from Sri Lanka.Widuri:Ok!So our question today is:_(你 对太空旅行感兴趣吗)?Mmm,what do you think,Danu?are you interested in space travelD
37、anu:Im really interested in space travel because since my childhood Im very interested in stars,moon,and things about space,so I wish I could _(去太空旅行)one day.How about you,Widuri,what do you think?Widuri:Thats very interesting.Yes,same.I am always interested in _(有关太空的故事和电影),for example,you know Int
38、erstellar.something like that.travel tospacestoriesand movies about spaceDanu:Yes.Widuri:Yeah,I am interested in it.But if I have to go for a space travel,that would be scary,isnt it?Danu:_(是很可怕,不过也很有意思).So,what do you think?Widuri:Yeah,what do you think?Danu:Are you interested in space travel?Its s
39、cary but its fun课时检测素养达标.语段填词1.He is a famous _(生物学家),who devoted all his life to the_(生物学).Meanwhile,he also shows great interest in literature.2.The famous _(物理学家)was _(温和的).And he made great contributions to the study of _(重力)and _(卫星).3.Because of the terrible _(气候),a plane _(碰撞)the hill.It was
40、reported that many people were killed.4.It is said the _(牵引力)of this kind of new _(宇宙飞船)is surprising.Meanwhile,it can _(漂浮)in space easily.biologistbiologyphysicistgentlegravitysatelliteclimatecrashedpullspaceshipfloat.选词填空get close to,block out,cheer up,come on,break out,pay attention to,get the h
41、ang of,watch out for1.He should _as soon as possible,and work hard in the future.2.He was 29 when the war _.3.All they done was to _the light.cheer upbroke outblock out4.Its a bit tricky at first till you _it.5.I would appreciate it if you can _what I have said above.6.When you cross the street,_car
42、s.7.Lets take the responsibility to build up a low carbon city by riding bicycles._and join us!8.In order to relax ourselves and _nature,we have decided to have a hiking.get the hang ofpay attention towatch out forCome onget close to.完成句子1._Chinas classical culture,I will send a book to you.既然你对中国古典
43、文学感兴趣,我将送给你一本书。2.The car runs _that truck.这辆小汽车开得比那辆卡车快两倍。3.I like drawing _I spent lots of time drawing pictures.我非常喜 欢画画,以至于我花了很多时间画画。Now that you are interested intwice faster thanso much that4.I apologize for any trouble that _by my carelessness.我为因我的粗心可能会造成的麻烦而道歉。5.Looking around,we _ a rubber
44、boat _ by the shore.环顾四周,我们看到一艘橡皮艇正漂浮在岸边。might have been causedsawfloating.课文语法填空 Last month I visited the moon 1._ my friend.2._ we left,I was told the force of gravity 3._(change)three times on our journey.Then we set off.As we left the earth,4._(gradual)the weight lessened.When I was in space,I f
45、elt as if there 5._(be)not gravity at all.We floated 6._(weightless)in the spaceship and I cheered up.When I was on the moon,I was surprised 7._(find)out even walking needed lots ofwithBeforewould changegraduallywasweightlesslyto findpractice now 8._ gravity had changed.The returning to 9._ earth wa
46、s very frightening.We were 10._(amaze)to watch fire break out on the outside of the spaceship.thattheamazed话题写作表达升级解决问题类作文【文体感知】解决问题类作文是对某些问题提出解决的建议、措施和方法。同学们首先要理清写作主题,解决问题的办法应该是写作的重点。还要注意语言要简明扼要,目的明确,具有合理性和说服力,语气要委婉。文章结构遵循三段论的原则:开篇,提出问题;主体,分析和解决问题;总结,对提出问题的解决方法进行简要的评价。【典题演练】假定你是李华,你的美国朋友 Sarah 打算暑期
47、来北京旅游,来信询问改建后前门大街的情况。请你写封回信,简单介绍以下内容:1.简况:长 800 米,600 多年历史,300 余家商铺;2.位置:天安门广场南面;3.交通:公共汽车 17、59、69等路,地铁2号线;4.特色:步行街、电车、茶馆、剧院等。参考词汇:步行街 pedestrian street 电车trolley car 地铁 subway【某篇立意】【遣词造句】完成句子1.谢谢你来信询问重建前门大街的情况。_2.前门街是一条有600多年历史的著名街道。_3.这条街在北京市中心,天安门广场南面。_Thank you for your letter asking about the
48、rebuilt of Qianmen Street.Qianmen Street is a famous street of over 600 years old.The street is in the center of Beijing,to the south of Tiananmen Square.4.坐公共汽车去那里很方便。_5.前门大街是步行街。_6.有电车载你去商店、剧院和茶馆。_7.在商店、剧院和茶馆里,你可以体验到一种真正的中国式生活方式。_Its very convenient to get there by bus.Qianmen Street is a pedestri
49、an street.There are trolley cars to take you to the shops,the theaters and teahouses.In the shops,the theaters and teahouses,you can experience a truly Chineseway of life.句式升级8.将句3和句4合并为主从复合句。_9.用not only.but also结构合并句6和句7。_As the street is in the center of Beijing,to the south of Tiananmen Square,i
50、ts very convenient to get there by bus.There are trolley cars to take you not only to the shops,but also to thetheaters and teahouses where you can experience a truly Chinese way of life.【完美成篇】Dear Sarah,Thank you for your letter asking about the rebuilt of Qianmen Street.Here is something about it.
51、Qianmen Street is a famous street of over 600 years old.Along this 800-meter street,there are more than 300 shops.As the street is in the center of Beijing,to the south of Tiananmen Square,its very convenient to get there by bus.You may take buses No.17,59 or 69!Subway Line 2 has a stop there too.Qi
52、anmen Street is a pedestrian street,but there are trolley cars to take you not only to the shops,but also to the theaters and teahouses where you can experience a truly Chinese way of life.Im sure youll like it.Yours,Li Hua【话题拓展】1.话题词汇(1)be located in/lie in坐落于/位于(2)with a population of有人口(3)be famo
53、us/well-known as/for作为/因为而闻名(4)has a long history of有的悠久历史(5)date back to追溯到(6)draw the attention of 吸引的注意(7)places of interest名胜古迹(8)tourist attractions旅游胜地(9)to/in/on the east of在的东面(10)welcome to欢迎来到 2.话题句式(1)It covers an area of about.square kilometers.它占地约平方千米。(2)The average temperature is.平均温度
54、为(3)It has many places of interest,such as.它有许多名胜古迹,例如(4)They make the city a tourist attraction both at home and abroad.他们使这座城市成为国内外的旅游胜地。(5)Its a wonderful place with.这是个很不错的地方,有(6)It enjoys the reputation of.它享有声誉(7)It is rich/abundant in.它富有(8)Hotels of various grades are available.可提供各种等级的酒店。(9)Buses and taxies are convenient.公共汽车和出租车很方便。(10)If youd like to go to visit,you could take the No.1 Bus in.如果你想去参观的话,你可以在乘一路公共汽车。
