1、Section Learning about Language&Using Language.Read the text and answer the following questions.1What did Nicolaus Copernicus mathematical calculations lead to?2When did Nicolaus Copernicus publish his ideas?They led to a conclusion that the earth was not the centre ofthe solar system.As he lay dyin
2、g in 1543.3Did Christian Church support Nicolaus Copernicus theory?4How many scientists are mentioned in this passage?Who are they?No,it didnt.Instead,it rejected his theory.Four scientists.Nicolaus Copernicus,Isaac Newton,AlbertEinstein and Stephen Hawking.Choose the best answer according to the te
3、xt.1Why was Nicolaus Copernicus so cautious and couldnt tell anyone about his theory?ABecause he was not sure whether he was right.BBecause he was afraid of being attacked by the Christian Church.CBecause his friends told him not to.DBecause he would like to keep his theory a secret.2Which of the fo
4、llowing statements is TRUE?ANicolaus Copernicus was excited and happy when he found his theory.BNicolaus Copernicus showed his theory privately to his friendsin 1510.CNicolaus Copernicus didnt publish his theory until he lay dying in 1543.DThe Christian Church accepted Copernicus theory at last.3The
5、re is a direct link between Copernicus theory and the work of the following scientists EXCEPT_.AMadam Curie BIsaac NewtonCAlbert EinsteinDStephen Hawking4What is the main idea of the text?ACopernicus worked out the theory that the moon was the center of the solar system.BCopernicus thought that the
6、earth was the center of the solar system.CCopernicus worked out the theory that the sun was the center of the solar system.DCopernicus published his theory that the sun was the center of the solar system.答案：14 BCAC根据词性和汉语提示写出单词，并进行拓展1vt.建设；修建n建设；建筑物2v捐献；贡献；捐助n贡献；捐款3adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的(反义词)消极的；否定的4adv.&a
7、dj.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)adv.&adj.向前地(的)construct constructioncontributecontributionpositivenegativebackwardforward5adj.热情的；热心的n热情；热心6adj.小心的；谨慎的n小心；谨慎7vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃n拒绝；拒绝接受；厌弃enthusiasticenthusiasmcautiouscautionrejectrejection8v移动；搬家n.移动；运动movemovement1construction n.U建设C建筑物教材原句 Look at these simple
8、verbs and make anotherconstruction using makeanoun.看这些简单动词并用“makeanoun”构成另一个结构。The entire city stopped all construction work for days just to ensure clean air.为了确保空气的清洁，数天来全市停止了所有的建筑工作。(1)be under construction 正在建设中(2)construct vt.建设；修建be constructed of/out of/from.由建成The new railway is still.新铁路仍在建
9、设中。The shelter was constructed out of fallen branches.这个窝棚是用落下的枯树枝搭成的。under construction形象记忆 动construct建造动destroy破坏名construction建造名destruction破坏形constructive建设性的形destructive破坏性的2contribute v捐助；捐献；投稿；对有贡献；有助于Most people contributed some money towards the new church buildings.大部分人都为教堂的新建筑捐了钱。(1)contri
10、bute.to.向捐献/赠；给提供(忠告、建议)；投稿contribute to 有助于；促使；导致(2)contribution n.贡献；捐款make a contribution/contributions to(doing).对做贡献She a number of articles the magazine.她给这家杂志撰写了很多稿件。I am sure your suggestion will contribute to solving the problem.我肯定你的建议将有助于解决问题。Over 80 companies have settled in the park so
11、far,making great contributions to the development of the local economy.迄今为止，80 多家公司落户该产业园，对当地经济的发展做出了巨大贡献。contributedto形象记忆Many people contributed money to the poor boy,which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about this and contributed it to a newspaper.许多人给那个可怜的男孩捐款，使他可以
12、重返校园。一位作家写了一则关于此事的故事并把它投到一家报社。3reject vt.拒绝；不接受(提议、建议等)；拒绝(雇用、录取等)；抛弃；(因质量不好而)废弃教材原句 The Christian Church rejected his theory,saying it was against Gods idea and people who supported it would be attacked.基督教会拒绝接受他的理论，说这种理论违背了上帝的旨意，谁支持这一理论谁就将受到攻击。形象记忆写出 reject 在下列句子中的汉语意思They reject plans to raise th
13、e retirement age from 65 to 66 starting in 2025 and to 67 in 2030.Ive been rejected by all the universities I applied to.All the food that went bad was rejected by my mother.不接受拒绝录取抛弃；废弃.单句语法填空1We should make contributions the construction of our society.2The supermarket is currently construction.3W
14、e have very strict quality control,so anything that is imperfect (reject)4This is because they can make impressive (move)when they dive.tounderis/will be rejectedmovements.完成句子1这两家新饭店正在兴建中。The two new hotels.2这位老人把他所有的钱都捐给了福利事业。The old man has the charity.3他说他没有被他一直梦想的大学录取。He said that he the univer
15、sities he had been dreaming of.4这个男孩通常热衷于做他感兴趣的事情。The boy things that he is interested in.are under construction/being constructedcontributed all his money tohad been rejected byis usually enthusiastic about doing1come to a(n)结束2apart 除之外；此外3(be)strict 对严格的4lead 通向；导致5make 讲得通；有意义6 times 有时7be respo
16、nsible 对负责8make room 为腾地方endfromwithtosenseatforfor1apart from教材原句 Apart from the construction mentioned above,you have also learned the following phrases.除了以上提到的结构，你们还学过下面的短语。(1)除了之外(还);此外(相当于 in addition to 或 as well as)Only a handful of countries,apart from China,have ever developed deep sea-divi
17、ng.除了中国，仅有少数国家研发了深海潜水技术。(2)除了之外(相当于 except)I hardly know anyone in the village apart from you.除你之外，我几乎不认识村里的任何人。(3)除了；只是(相当于 except for)Apart from a few faults,he is a faithful friend.除了有几个缺点外，他是一位值得信赖的朋友。apart from,in addition to,besides,except,except for,except thatapart from重在强调，既含有“除了还有”，也含有“把排除
18、在外”之意in addition to“除之外还”，一般位于句首besides表示“除了还有”except表示“把排除在外”except for表示从整体情况来看，要排除其中的部分特殊情况except that意思与except for相同，后须接从句自填助记their house in London,they also have a villa in Spain.他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。Everything was perfect the weather.除天气之外，一切都很完美。I dont know much about the man hes a fool.我除
19、了知道他是个傻瓜，其他情况所知甚少。The shop is open every day on Sundays.除星期天之外，这家商店每天都营业。In addition to/Besides/Apart fromexcept for/apart fromexcept thatexcept2be strict with.对严格的Hong Chens parents are strict with her.洪辰的父母对她要求很严格。To do this,we must be strict with the members.为了做到这一点，我们必须严格要求队员。(1)be strict in(doi
20、ng)sth.对(做)某事要求严格(2)strictly speaking 严格地说We should our work.对工作我们应该严格要求。be strict in(doing)3make sense 讲得通；有意义教材原句 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。It makes sense to save money while you can.钱能省就省，这很明智。make no
21、 sense 没有道理；没有意义make sense of 明白；理解in a sense 从某种意义上说in no sense 决不Theres no sense in doing.做是没有道理/作用的Who would send me all these flowers?It really makes no sense.谁会送给我这么多花呢？真是不可思议。We all couldnt that painting.我们都没有理解那幅画。In no sense can you do that again.你决不能再那样做了。worrying about it now.现在担心这件事已没有必要了
22、。make sense ofThere is no sense in.单句语法填空1Apart them,I had no one to talk to.2All students dont obey the school rules,so as a teacher,we should be strict them.3What he said seemed (make)sense,but I insisted on my own way.4It was in a tree,too,that our days of fooling around in the woods came to end.
23、5James took the magazines off the little table to make room the television.fromwithto makeanfor.完成句子1除了花费，它还占用大量的时间。_,it will take a lot of time.2他话不多，但言之有理。He doesnt talk much,but what he says.3严以律己，宽以待人。_ oneself and lenient towards others.4即使父母不再共同生活，他们也应对子女负责。Even if parents no longer live toget
24、her,they should continue to _ their children.In addition to/Besides/Apart from the costmakes senseBe strict withbe responsible for1句型展示 I had_expected it to be better.我本期望会更好。典例背诵I had expected much from his speech,but nothing new came.我曾对他的演讲抱有很大希望，但实际上没有什么新鲜东西。2句型展示 Only_if you put the sun there d
25、id the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。典例背诵Only if we love life will we never run out of our inspirations.只有热爱生活，我们的灵感才不会枯竭。3句型展示 He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with_the_planets_going_round_it and only the moon still going
26、 round the earth.他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动，只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。典例背诵With the beautiful moon up in the sky,we sit together and eat mooncakes and fruits,sharing our stories.(辽宁高考书面表达)美丽的月亮高挂在天空，我们坐在一起吃着月饼和水果，一起分享我们的故事。1Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sens
27、e.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。这是一个倒装句，“only状语或状语从句”放于句首要使用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词 be 放在主语之前。Only in this way can we solve the problem.只有通过这种方式，我们才能解决这个问题。Only when he returned the truth.只有他回来时我们才发现了真相。Only she can do it well,for she is more experienced.只有她才能把它做好，因为她更有经验。did we find outif only,only i
28、fif only“但愿；要是就好了”，常引导含虚拟语气的条件句或感叹句only if“只有”only if本身不是一个固定词组。only是副词，用来修饰整个if从句。若用于句首，后接从句，主句要部分倒装自填助记 I were slimmer,more beautiful,richer and more clever!要是我更苗条一些、更漂亮一些、更富有一些、更聪明一些该多好啊！You will pass the driving test you practice hard.只有努力练习，你才能通过驾照考试。If onlyonly if2He placed a fixed sun at the
29、centre of the solar system with theplanets_going_round_it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动，只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。with the planets going round it 是“with宾语宾语补足语”结构，在句中作状语，表示原因、条件、伴随等。此外，此结构还可作后置定语。with 复合结构的构成：with宾语adj./adv./介词短语doing 宾语和宾补之间是主动关系done 宾语和宾补之间是被动关系to do
30、不定式作宾补有“将来”的含义The little boy ran along the street with nothing on.这个小男孩沿街跑着，什么也没穿。With prices,we cant afford too many clothes.随着物价的上涨，我们买不起太多的衣服。going upI sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.我在房间里坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。I cant go out with all these dishes.我不能丢下这些要洗的碟子就出去。We live
31、 in a house with many flowers around it.我们住在一所周围有很多花的房子里。to wash.单句语法填空1I had no information about my son.If only I (give)him a hand.2Only if a teacher has given permission a student allowed to enter this room.3I(expect)to become more cautious but it was not the case.4With science and technology (de
32、velop)rapidly,who can predict what inventions there will be in the future?had givenhad expecteddevelopingis.完成句子(用 only if 或 if only)1只有多锻炼，你才能保持身体健康。will you be able to keep fit.2要是他们现在在这里，我们就能庆祝他们的结婚纪念日了。,we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary.Only if you take more exerciseIf only they were here now课时跟踪检测见课时跟踪检测(二)
